[background technology]
Be subject to the impact of coal supply channel or coal market, many large coal-fired power plants now enter all off-design coals far away of stove ature of coal, wherein also comprise the lower low ash smelting point coal of part mark coal unit price.Using of low ash smelting point coal can bring coking problem in various degree to boiler.Especially along with the reduction of coal-fired power station boiler discharged nitrous oxides standard, the low nitrogen burning modes such as air classification, fuel staging will further promote that in combustion process, coal Mineral Elements, to the conversion of low ash smelting point compound, aggravates slagging situation.The accident that boiler coke seriously can cause that coke button smashes that water seal, dragveyer are stuck, boiler extinguishment etc. affects unit operation security occurs; Also can cause heating surface reduction of heat exchange efficiency, exhaust gas temperature raises simultaneously, and heat loss due to exhaust gas increases, and affects the economy of boiler operatiopn.
At present, the burning mode of mixing for low ash smelting point coal mainly contains two kinds: a kind of is that a minute mill is mixed burning, burns one deck low ash smelting point coal as mixed in four grate firing burners, and its excess-three layer is mixed burning high ash melting point coal seed; Another kind is stokehold premix, after coal yard is pre-mixed low ash smelting point coal and high ash melting point coal seed, then sends in each former coal bunker by coal conveyer belt.From coking, prevent and treat merely, under identical mixed coal ratio, stokehold premix is more conducive to alleviate slagging, low ash smelting point coal and high ash melting point coal seed are after mixing grinds, in combustion process, be subject to coal mineral element interactive affect stronger, can impel low ash smelting point coal Mineral Elements to combine with high ash melting point coal seed Mineral Elements, generate the higher compound of ash fusion point.But stokehold premix is also subject to the restriction of coal yard size, the blending uniformity etc., and some power plant coal yard is too small, does not possess premix condition, or blending inhomogeneous affect on the contrary stable.
In addition, mix and burn the impact that the control of low ash smelting point coal boiler coke also should consider to mix burning position, boiler load, mixed-fuel burning proportion, as low ash smelting point coal Shi Canshao lower floor's burner or upper strata burner, boiler different load bends down the mixed-fuel burning proportion of ash melting point coal seed and how to adjust etc.In a word, how reducing boiler coke, guaranteeing, on the basis of safe operation of the boiler, to take reasonably to mix burning mode, use to greatest extent the low ash smelting point coal that price is lower, become the emphasis that each coal-burning power plant and boiler operatiopn technical staff study.
[summary of the invention]
The object of the invention is to for the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of coal-fired power station boiler to mix the System and method for that burns low ash smelting point coal, it can effectively alleviated boiler coke, guarantee on the basis of safe operation of the boiler, improve to greatest extent the ratio that uses of low ash smelting point coal, improve the economy of coal-burning power plant's unit operation.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
Coal-fired power station boiler is mixed the low-ash-fusion coal kind system of burning, for providing the outlet of the first run coal bin of low ash smelting point coal to connect the entrance of the first feeder, the outlet of the first feeder connects the first entrance of double-inlet and double-outlet steel ball coal mill, the first outlet of double-inlet and double-outlet steel ball coal mill connects the entrance of the first separator by the first flour extraction pipe, the first outlet of the first separator connects the entrance of the burner in burner hearth, and the second outlet of the first separator connects the first entrance of double-inlet and double-outlet steel ball coal mill by the first powder retrieving pipe;
For providing the outlet of the second run coal bin of high ash melting point coal seed to connect the entrance of the second feeder, the outlet of the second feeder connects the second entrance of double-inlet and double-outlet steel ball coal mill, the second outlet of double-inlet and double-outlet steel ball coal mill connects the entrance of the second separator by the second flour extraction pipe, the first outlet of the second separator connects the entrance of the burner in burner hearth, and the second outlet of the second separator connects the second entrance of double-inlet and double-outlet steel ball coal mill by the second powder retrieving pipe.
The present invention further improves and is: double-inlet and double-outlet steel ball coal mill is malleation straight-blowing double-inlet and double-outlet steel ball coal mill.
The present invention further improves and is: low ash smelting point coal is ash fusion point lower than single coal or the mixed coal of 1200 ℃; High ash melting point coal seed is ash fusion point higher than single coal or the mixed coal of 1400 ℃.
Coal-fired power station boiler is mixed the method for burning low ash smelting point coal, low ash smelting point coal and high ash melting point coal seed are sent in double-inlet and double-outlet steel ball coal mill and are ground by the first feeder and the second feeder respectively, wherein, boiler is under different load, by adjusting the belt speed of the first feeder and the second feeder, realize the control to low ash smelting point coal mixing proportion; Double-inlet and double-outlet steel ball coal mill is sent the coal dust grinding into the first separator by the first flour extraction pipe, the first separator is by after coal dust screening, the particle of coal dust meets the requirements of part and enters in the burner in burner hearth, and remainder is got back in double-inlet and double-outlet steel ball coal mill and continued to grind; Double-inlet and double-outlet steel ball coal mill is sent the coal dust grinding into the second separator by the second flour extraction pipe, the second separator is by after coal dust screening, the particle of coal dust meets the requirements of part and enters in the burner in burner hearth, and remainder is got back in double-inlet and double-outlet steel ball coal mill and continued to grind.
The present invention further improves and is: under high load capacity, reduce the mixed ratio example of low ash smelting point coal, in, under underload, increase the mixed ratio example of low ash smelting point coal; Wherein, low ash smelting point coal mix burn in, in coal pulverizer corresponding to lower floor's burner, and burner corresponding coal pulverizer in upper strata is not mixed and is burnt low ash smelting point coal.
The present invention further improves and is: under high load capacity, reduce the mixed ratio example of low ash smelting point coal, in, under underload, increase the mixed ratio example of low ash smelting point coal, specific as follows:
Boiler, more than 80% rated load, is controlled at 30~40% by separate unit coal pulverizer low ash smelting point coal mixing proportion; Boiler, in 70~80% rated loads, is controlled at 50% left and right by separate unit coal pulverizer low ash smelting point coal mixing proportion; Boiler, below 70% rated load, is increased to 60~70% by separate unit coal pulverizer low ash smelting point coal mixing proportion.
The present invention further improves and is: low-ash-fusion coal mix burn in, in the corresponding coal pulverizer of lower floor's burner, and do not mix, burn in the corresponding coal pulverizer of upper strata burner, specific as follows:
When burner is 3 layers, top layer burner is not mixed and is burnt low ash smelting point coal, and all the other two-layer mixing are burnt low ash smelting point coal; When burner is 4 layers, top layer burner is not mixed and is burnt low ash smelting point coal, mixes for all the other 3 layers and burns low ash smelting point coal; When burner is 5 layers, topmost two-layer burner is not mixed and is burnt low ash smelting point coal, mixes for all the other 3 layers and burns low ash smelting point coal; When burner is 6 layers, topmost two-layer burner is not mixed and is burnt low ash smelting point coal, mixes for all the other 4 layers and burns low ash smelting point coal.
The present invention further improves and is: double-inlet and double-outlet steel ball coal mill is malleation straight-blowing double-inlet and double-outlet steel ball coal mill.
The present invention further improves and is: low ash smelting point coal is ash fusion point lower than single coal or the mixed coal of 1200 ℃; High ash melting point coal seed is ash fusion point higher than single coal or the mixed coal of 1400 ℃.
With respect to prior art, the present invention has advantages of as follows:
Different from identical coal on the both sides run coal bin of traditional malleation straight-blowing double-inlet and double-outlet steel ball coal mill, coal-fired power station boiler of the present invention is mixed the System and method for that burns low ash smelting point coal, low ash smelting point coal and high ash melting point coal seed are gone up respectively in its two ends at coal pulverizer, and low ash smelting point coal and high ash melting point coal seed are sent in stove and burnt after mixing in low speed coal mill.By adjusting two ends feeder belt speed, control flexibly the mixed-fuel burning proportion of low ash smelting point coal, when boiler load when above, suitably reduces the coal-supplying amount of low ash smelting point coal in 80% rated load, increase the coal-supplying amount of high ash melting point coal seed; When boiler load when following, increases the coal-supplying amount of low ash smelting point coal in 70% rated load, reduce the coal-supplying amount of high ash melting point coal seed.Low ash smelting point coal mix burn in boiler, lower floor's burner; Upper strata burner is not mixed and is burnt low ash smelting point coal.
Particularly, the present invention has the following advantages:
1) low ash smelting point coal and high ash melting point coal seed are respectively from coal pulverizer both sides enter coal pulverizer and grind, and mixing ratio is more even, and both sides powder delivery difference is little.Following table provided malleation straight-blowing double-inlet and double-outlet steel ball mill by 1:1 mixing proportion one side (B1) to certain high-melting-point coal, after a side (B2) grinds to certain low ash smelting point coal, the result of laboratory test of coal sample and powder delivery sample.From following table, can find out, high ash melting point coal seed and low ash smelting point coal As-received ash content, caloric value, dry ash free basis volatile matter content all differ greatly, after entering coal pulverizer and grinding, both sides powder delivery As-received ash content, caloric value, dry ash free basis volatile matter content are basic identical, illustrate that two kinds of coals mix relatively better in low speed coal mill.
2) low-ash-fusion coal and high-ash-fusion coal grind the laggard boiler combustion that enters through mixing, and are subject to that combustion process mineral element is interactive to be affected, and ash fusion point raises, and boiler coke situation is alleviated.By to certain high ash melting point coal seed, certain low ash smelting point coal and mixed coal (high ash melting point coal seed: it is known that ash fusion point low ash smelting point coal=1:1) is carried out comparison test analysis, the ash fusion point of certain high ash melting point coal seed is 1450 ℃, the ash fusion point of certain low ash smelting point coal is 1150 ℃, by its ash fusion point of the mixed mixed coal of 1:1, is 1320 ℃.As can be seen here, after low ash smelting point coal and high ash melting point coal seed mix, ash fusion point raises, and is conducive to alleviate boiler coke.
3) by adjusting feeder belt speed, can adjust flexibly according to load condition the mixing proportion of low ash smelting point coal.More than 80% rated load, fire box temperature is relatively high, easily produces coking phenomenon, separate unit coal pulverizer low ash smelting point coal mixing proportion can be controlled to 30~40%, guarantees the security of unit operation; 70~80% rated loads, can be controlled at 50% left and right by separate unit coal pulverizer low ash smelting point coal mixing proportion; Below 70% rated load, fire box temperature is relatively low, and operation oxygen amount is higher, is difficult for producing coking phenomenon, separate unit coal pulverizer low ash smelting point coal mixing proportion can be increased to 60~70%, improves unit operation economy.
4) consider near the burner of upper strata to be burner hearth center, fire box temperature is the highest, for alleviating boiler coke, burner corresponding coal pulverizer in upper strata is not mixed and is burnt low ash smelting point coal, by low ash smelting point coal mix burn fire box temperature relatively low in, on coal pulverizer corresponding to lower floor's burner.
[specific embodiment]
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
As shown in Figure 1, coal-fired power station boiler of the present invention is mixed the low-ash-fusion coal kind system of burning, for providing the outlet of the first run coal bin 1 of low ash smelting point coal to connect the entrance of the first feeder 3, the outlet of the first feeder 3 connects the first entrance of double-inlet and double-outlet steel ball coal mill 5, the first outlet of double-inlet and double-outlet steel ball coal mill 5 connects the entrance of the first separator 8 by the first flour extraction pipe 6, the first outlet of the first separator 8 connects the entrance of the burner in burner hearth, the second outlet of the first separator 8 connects the first entrance of double-inlet and double-outlet steel ball coal mill 5 by the first powder retrieving pipe 10, for providing the outlet of the second run coal bin 2 of high ash melting point coal seed to connect the entrance of the second feeder 4, the outlet of the second feeder 4 connects the second entrance of double-inlet and double-outlet steel ball coal mill 5, the second outlet of double-inlet and double-outlet steel ball coal mill 5 connects the entrance of the second separator 9 by the second flour extraction pipe 7, the first outlet of the second separator 9 connects the entrance of the burner in burner hearth, and the second outlet of the second separator 9 connects the second entrance of double-inlet and double-outlet steel ball coal mill 5 by the second powder retrieving pipe 11.Wherein, low ash smelting point coal is ash fusion point lower than single coal or the mixed coal of 1200 ℃; High ash melting point coal seed is ash fusion point higher than single coal or the mixed coal of 1400 ℃.
Further, double-inlet and double-outlet steel ball coal mill 5 is malleation straight-blowing double-inlet and double-outlet steel ball coal mill.
As shown in Figure 1, low ash smelting point coal and high ash melting point coal seed are sent in double-inlet and double-outlet steel ball coal mill 5 and are ground by the first feeder 3 and the second feeder 4 respectively, wherein, boiler is under different load, by adjusting the belt speed of the first feeder 3 and the second feeder 4, realize the control to low ash smelting point coal mixing proportion; Double-inlet and double-outlet steel ball coal mill 5 is sent the coal dust grinding into the first separator 8 by the first flour extraction pipe 6, the first separator 8 is by after coal dust screening, the particle of coal dust meets the requirements of part and enters in the burner in burner hearth, and remainder is got back in double-inlet and double-outlet steel ball coal mill 5 and continued to grind; Double-inlet and double-outlet steel ball coal mill 5 is sent the coal dust grinding into the second separator 9 by the second flour extraction pipe 7, the second separator 9 is by after coal dust screening, the particle of coal dust meets the requirements of part and enters in the burner in burner hearth, and remainder is got back in double-inlet and double-outlet steel ball coal mill 5 and continued to grind.
Wherein, under high load capacity, reduce the mixed ratio example of low ash smelting point coal, in, under underload, increase the mixed ratio example of low ash smelting point coal; Wherein, low ash smelting point coal mix burn in, in coal pulverizer corresponding to lower floor's burner, and burner corresponding coal pulverizer in upper strata is not mixed and is burnt low ash smelting point coal.
Different according to load, can flexible modulation feeder 3 and the coal supply belt speed of feeder 4 realize the control to low ash smelting point coal mixing proportion.Boiler, more than 80% rated load, is controlled at 30~40% by separate unit coal pulverizer low ash smelting point coal mixing proportion; Boiler, in 70~80% rated loads, is controlled at 50% left and right by separate unit coal pulverizer low ash smelting point coal mixing proportion; Boiler, below 70% rated load, is increased to 60~70% by separate unit coal pulverizer low ash smelting point coal mixing proportion.
According to actual conditions, can in run coal bin 1, be also high ash melting point coal seed, in run coal bin 2, be low ash smelting point coal.Single separator can connect 2 pulverized coal channels, also can connect 3 or 4 pulverized coal channels.
As shown in Figure 2, low ash smelting point coal mix burn in, in the corresponding coal pulverizer of lower floor's (A, B, C layer) burner, burner corresponding coal pulverizer in upper strata (D layer) is not mixed and is burnt low ash smelting point coal.
According to boiler capacity size, the burner number of plies can be 3~6 layers, and boiler combustion mode can be opposed firing swirl flow combustion mode, can be also tangential combustion.When burner is 3 layers, top layer burner is not mixed and is burnt low ash smelting point coal, and all the other two-layer mixing are burnt low ash smelting point coal; When burner is 4 layers, as shown in Figure 2, top layer burner is not mixed and is burnt low ash smelting point coal, mixes for all the other 3 layers and burns low ash smelting point coal; When burner is 5 layers, topmost two-layer burner is not mixed and is burnt low ash smelting point coal, mixes for all the other 3 layers and burns low ash smelting point coal; When burner is 6 layers, topmost two-layer burner is not mixed and is burnt low ash smelting point coal, mixes for all the other 4 layers and burns low ash smelting point coal.
Above content is in conjunction with concrete preferred embodiment further description made for the present invention; can not assert that the specific embodiment of the present invention only limits to this; for general technical staff of the technical field of the invention; without departing from the inventive concept of the premise; can also make some simple deduction or replace, all should be considered as belonging to the present invention and determine scope of patent protection by submitted to claims.