Flue gas drying brown coal medium-speed pulverizer unit pulverized-coal system
Technical field
The utility model belongs to the coal fired power generation technical field, relates to the brown coal generation technology.Specifically, the pulverized coal preparation system and the combustion system that relate to coal-fired power station boiler.
Background technology
Brown coal are the minimum pit coals of degree of coalification, are peat depositions after dehydration, compacting change the initial stage product of organic-biological rock into, because of appearance is brown or crineous is gained the name.Brown coal account for 18% of China's thermal coal reserves, mainly are distributed in areas such as the Inner Mongol, three provinces in the northeast of China and Yunnan.Brown coal have volatile matter height (V
Daf>37%) characteristics such as moisture high (total moisture is about 30%, and free moisture surpasses 19% mostly), caloric value low (about 12.56MJ/kg), ash fusion point low (about 1150 ℃), low (HGI is 50-70) of abrasiveness and easy spontaneous combustion.The characteristics of brown coal " two Senior Three are low " have determined that its pulverized coal preparation system has certain particularity.
Brown coal are mainly used in Power Plant Fuel, also can be used for fields such as chemical industry.The brown coal generating is widely used in developed countries such as Australia, Germany, the U.S..Research points out that the brown coal behind the burning drying and upgrading can improve unit efficiency, reduce the power consumption of subsidiary engines such as air-introduced machine, coal pulverizer, thereby reduces gross coal consumption rate, simultaneously to reducing CO
2, NO
xDischarging is also played a role.
At present, domestic electric coal strained market supply, state's ore deposit electricity coal price lattice are high.For ensureing the long-term stability supply of electric coal, and control Power Plant Fuel cost, a large amount of power plant begin to explore and test in all kinds of coal-fired units, to mix to burn cheap brown coal.Higher and inflammable and explosive because of brown coal moisture, so becoming, dry undercapacity of pulverized coal preparation system and explosion of Coal Pulverizing System hidden danger restricts the key factor that burning brown coal is mixed by power plant.
In the station boiler pulverized coal preparation system, the difference of the maximum of all kinds of pulverized coal preparation systems is the coal pulverizer type.The coal pulverizer of widely using at present mainly contains low speed coal mill, medium-speed pulverizer and blower mill three major types.Advantages such as wherein medium-speed pulverizer is low because of the powder process power consumption, maintenance workload is little, the varying duty performance is good are widely used in burning smoke coal and the meager coal unit, and part is fired low moisture brown coal unit and also adopted medium-speed pulverizer powder process.
Medium-speed pulverizer one well matched unit pulverized-coal system.The state of its internal desiccant when working according to medium-speed pulverizer, be divided into malleation direct-firing with direct-firing two types of negative pressure.In the direct-firing system of negative pressure; Dispose Powder discharging fan behind the coal pulverizer; Coal pulverizer is worked under negative pressure state, helps avoiding coal pulverizer to leak powder to environment, but all are gone into the stove coal dust and all pass through Powder discharging fan; The Powder discharging fan functional reliability is relatively poor, so the direct-firing medium-speed pulverizer pulverized coal preparation system of present negative pressure is relatively more rare.In the pressurized direct pulverizing coal system of extensive use at present, generally adopt high pressure sealing wind to avoid coal pulverizer to leak powder to environment.Different according to the position of primary air fan, malleation is direct-firing can be divided into heat primary air machine system and cold primary air fan system again.
Shown in Figure 1 is the direct-firing heat primary air mechanism of existing medium-speed pulverizer malleation powder system; During this system works; Raw coal is sent into medium-speed pulverizer 3 from run coal bin 1 through weighing coal feeder 2 and is ground; Wind powder mixture after grinding gets into mill separator 4, and isolated meal returns coal pulverizer 3 again to be continued to grind, and qualified coal dust and a wind are sent to each burner 6 and spray into boiler 7 internal combustion after pulverized coal distributor 5 distributes.The air preheater 8 heating backs that air is sent in the boiler flue by pressure fan 9 are divided into two-way through hot air duct 10; One the tunnel gets into medium-speed pulverizer 3 as drier and a wind after 11 superchargings of heat primary air machine, another road is sent to each burner 6 as secondary wind through secondary air box 12 distribution and is participated in burning.Seal fan 13 provides high pressure cold wind to be used for Seal of Equipment such as coal pulverizer, feeder.Coal pulverizer drier initial temperature is regulated through heat primary air machine 11 preceding cold-air flaps 40.
Above-mentioned medium-speed pulverizer pulverized coal preparation system is to adopt hot blast as drying medium, and hot blast temperature is 350~450 ℃ of scopes.A large amount of brown coal are mixed and are burnt test and confirmed already, adopts 350~450 ℃ hot blast to be difficult to satisfy the dry demand of high-moisture brown coal as drier, and the further raising of hot blast temperature receive the restriction of air preheater 8 and medium-speed pulverizer 3 safe operations.Therefore, dry undercapacity is the key factor that restriction medium-speed pulverizer pulverized coal preparation system is mixed burning brown coal.The dry undercapacity of pulverized coal preparation system not only makes the coal powder performance variation, also influences coal pulverizer simultaneously and grinds to exert oneself and cause boiler output lower, makes to mix to burn to lose meaning.
In addition, because brown coal are inflammable and explosive, the high-temperature hot-air that closes oxygen with richness is as dry punishment of coal pulverizer and defeated powder medium, and the pulverized coal preparation system operation is very dangerous.
The utility model content
The utility model technical problem to be solved provides a kind of flue gas drying brown coal medium-speed pulverizer unit pulverized-coal system; This system makes combustion high-moisture brown coal unit adopt the medium-speed pulverizer pulverized coal preparation system to become possibility on the one hand; Vast scale be can be implemented in the coal-fired unit that adopts direct-firing medium-speed pulverizer pulverized coal preparation system and burning brown coal or clean burn brown coal mixed; Also eliminate medium-speed pulverizer on the other hand and utilize high-temperature hot-air as dry punishment of coal pulverizer and the existing detonation potential safety hazard of defeated powder medium, the security of pulverized coal preparation system improves.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of flue gas drying brown coal medium-speed pulverizer unit pulverized-coal system; It includes medium-speed pulverizer, pulverized coal distributor, pressure fan, seal fan and is located at the air preheater in the boiler flue, and said pulverized coal distributor is connected between the mill separator and boiler-burner of medium-speed pulverizer outlet, and said pressure fan connects air preheater; Air preheater divides two-way; One the tunnel connects burner, and said seal fan connects the sealing air port of medium-speed pulverizer, and it is characterized in that: said medium-speed pulverizer is connected with drying device at the coal feed point at top; Said drying device top has coal feed point and high temperature flue gas drying agent inlet; The bottom has coal outlet, and bottom sides has exhaust outlet, and said exhaust outlet connects the air inlet of medium-speed pulverizer through Powder discharging fan; Have weary gas and hot air blender between said mill separator and the pulverized coal distributor, another road of said air preheater is connected to this weary gas and hot air blender.
Through being set before medium-speed pulverizer, a drying device utilize high-temperature flue gas to carry out predrying to brown coal; Make the moisture in the brown coal reduce, can in the coal-fired unit that adopts direct-firing medium-speed pulverizer pulverized coal preparation system, mix burning brown coal or clean burn brown coal by vast scale thus to adapt to the requirement of medium-speed pulverizer to former moisture content of coal.And then utilize Powder discharging fan that the air inlet of medium-speed pulverizer is sent in the exhaust of drying device, replace hot blast as required drier and the defeated powder medium of medium-speed pulverizer operation.Flue gas drying agent oxygen content is low, and medium-speed pulverizer is safer when grinding brown coal thus, has eliminated the hidden danger of brown coal detonations, the security that has improved pulverized coal preparation system.
For realizing that the temperature that gets into the high-temperature flue gas in the drying device is regulated; The high temperature flue gas drying agent of said drying device inlet is connected with flue gas mixing-chamber, and the hot cigarette that this flue gas mixing-chamber is connected at boiler furnace is respectively taken out mouthful and the cold smoke of boiler flue afterbody is taken out mouth.Regulate the drier initial temperature through changing hot and cold cigarette ratio.
For convenient the weary temperature degree and the flow that get into Powder discharging fan and medium-speed pulverizer are regulated, said flue gas mixing-chamber and cold smoke are taken out has the Zhi Lengyan pipeline that is connected to Powder discharging fan on the cold smoke pipeline that has between the mouth, and this Zhi Lengyan pipeline is provided with valve.
Description of drawings
Through the description of its exemplary embodiment being carried out below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the above-mentioned feature and advantage of the utility model will become apparent and understand easily.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the direct-firing heat primary air mechanism of the medium-speed pulverizer malleation of prior art powder system;
Fig. 2 is the system architecture sketch map of the utility model.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 2, the flue gas drying brown coal medium-speed pulverizer unit pulverized-coal system of the utility model comprises run coal bin 1, weighing coal feeder 2; Medium-speed pulverizer 3, pulverized coal distributor 5, air preheater 8; Pressure fan 9, secondary air box 12, seal fan 13; Drying device 14, flue gas mixing-chamber 15, weary gas and hot air blender 16 and Powder discharging fan 17.The top outlet of medium-speed pulverizer 3 has mill separator 4.
Wherein, drying device 14 is descending drying tube, and the top has coal feed point and high temperature flue gas drying agent inlet, and the bottom has coal outlet, has exhaust outlet in bottom sides.The coal outlet of run coal bin 1 bottom connects weighing coal feeder 2, and weighing coal feeder 2 connects the coal feed point at drying device 14 tops again.Flue gas mixing-chamber 15 is connected the high temperature flue gas drying agent inlet on drying device 14 tops.The coal outlet of drying device 14 connects the coal feed point of medium-speed pulverizer 3, and the mill separator 4 of medium-speed pulverizer 3 outlets connects pulverized coal distributor 5 through weary gas and hot air blender 16, and pulverized coal distributor 5 connects the burner 6 of boiler 7 again.Seal fan 13 is connected on the sealing air port of medium-speed pulverizer 3.
Air preheater 8 is arranged in the flue of boiler 7; Pressure fan 9 is positioned at outside the flue of boiler 7, is connected with air preheater 8, and air preheater 8 is again through 10 fens two-way of hot air duct; One the road is connected to weary gas and hot air blender 16, and another road connects the burner 6 of boiler 7 through secondary air box 12.
The exhaust outlet of drying device 14 connects the air inlet of medium-speed pulverizer 3 bottoms through Powder discharging fan 17.
Flue gas mixing-chamber 15 has two gas approach, and the hot cigarette of one of them gas approach 18 connection boilers, 7 burner hearths through the high temperature boiler flue gas tube road is taken out mouth 24, and another gas approach is taken out mouth 27 through cold smoke pipeline 19 is connected boiler 7 flue afterbodys with cold smoke blower fan 28 cold smoke.In addition, on cold smoke pipeline 28, also be connected with a Zhi Lengyan pipeline 21, this Zhi Lengyan pipeline 21 is connected to Powder discharging fan 17.Another gas approach and Zhi Lengyan pipeline 21 near flue gas mixing-chamber 15 on the cold smoke pipeline 28 are provided with valve.
More than be exactly the flue gas drying brown coal medium-speed pulverizer unit pulverized-coal system of the utility model, its working method is following:
Raw coal is sent into drying device 14 from run coal bin 1 through weighing coal feeder 2, and the high-temperature flue gas from flue gas mixing-chamber 15 gets into drying device 14 tops as the pre-dried drier of raw coal simultaneously, and the two mixes in drying device 14 and be descending.Most of coal grain gets into medium-speed pulverizer 3 by the coal outlet of drying device 14 bottoms, the exhaust of drying device 14 by Powder discharging fan 17 from drying device 14 bottom sides to extracting out and sending into the medium-speed pulverizer 3 as coal pulverizer drier and pumped (conveying) medium.Coal pulverizer drier initial temperature is through regulating from the cold smoke of Zhi Lengyan pipeline 21 in Powder discharging fan 17 inlet pipeline blending.
Grind in medium-speed pulverizer 3 through pre-dried raw coal; Wind powder mixture after grinding gets into mill separator 4; Isolated meal returns medium-speed pulverizer 3 to be continued to grind; Weary bottle coal powder mixture is mixed to the required primary air ratio of burning at weary gas and hot air mixing chamber 16 and hot blast, after pulverized coal distributor 5 distributes, is sent to each burner 6 then and sprays into boiler 7 internal combustion.The air of being carried by pressure fan 9 is sent to weary gas and hot air mixing chamber 16 through air preheater 8 heating backs one tunnel as a wind, and another road is distributed through secondary air box 12 as secondary wind and is sent to each burner 6 participation stove internal combustion.Seal fan 13 provides high pressure cold wind to be used for Seal of Equipment such as medium-speed pulverizer, feeder.
At burner hearth hot cigarette is set and smokes mouthful 24 extracting high-temperature stoves, utilize the negative pressure in the drying device 14 to deliver to flue gas mixing-chamber 15 by high temperature boiler flue gas tube road 18.At the boiler flue afterbody cold smoke is set and takes out mouthful 27 extraction cold smokes, also deliver to flue gas mixing-chamber 15 by cold smoke blower fan 28 and cold smoke pipeline 19 as temperature control medium.14 pairs of brown coal of entering drying device carry out drying the two mixes the drier that forms suitable temperature in flue gas mixing-chamber 15 after.
Compare with existing medium-speed pulverizer pressurized direct pulverizing coal system, this patent system has following characteristics:
(1), raw coal is predrying fully through efficient, the former moisture content of coal that gets into medium-speed pulverizer significantly reduces, and the pulverized coal preparation system drying is exerted oneself and significantly improved, and makes the high-moisture brown coal can adopt medium-speed pulverizer pulverized coal preparation system safe and reliable to operation, that maintenance cost is low.
(2), adopt high-temperature flue gas as the pre-dried drier of raw coal, through changing hot and cold cigarette ratio adjusting drier initial temperature.The drying capacity adjustable range of high-temperature flue gas is big, can satisfy the predrying demand of all kinds of high-moisture raw coal; And the oxygen amount is low in the flue gas, can effectively prevent the brown coal detonation, and the pulverized coal preparation system security is good.
(3), the exhaust with the raw coal pre-drying device replaces hot blast as mill drying agent and defeated powder medium; Make that oxygen content reduces greatly in the medium-speed pulverizer; Eliminated medium-speed pulverizer and ground the detonation hidden danger that possibly cause, improved the security of pulverized coal preparation system operation with dry brown coal process.
(4), in labour unit transformation, only need set up drying device and Powder discharging fan, and high temperature boiler flue gas tube road, cold smoke blower fan and cold smoke pipeline, can make former bituminous coal or meager coal medium-speed pulverizer pulverized coal preparation system safety, vast scale is mixed burning brown coal economically.
Therefore, this pulverized coal preparation system makes combustion high-moisture brown coal unit adopt the medium-speed pulverizer pulverized coal preparation system to become possibility, can be implemented in the coal-fired unit that adopts direct-firing medium-speed pulverizer pulverized coal preparation system vast scale and mix burning brown coal or clean burn brown coal, has remarkable economical and energy-saving benefit.This patent system both can be applicable to mix burning at the brown coal of labour unit, also can be applicable to the station boiler of whole burning high-moisture brown coal.In addition, native system also has the advantage of security of operation.
It should be noted that; Above content is the further explain that combines concrete embodiment that the utility model is done; The specific embodiment that can not assert the utility model only limits to this; Under the above-mentioned guidance of the utility model, those skilled in the art can carry out various improvement and distortion on the basis of the foregoing description, and these improve or distortion drops in the protection domain of the utility model.