CN104178189B - A kind of landing-type pyrolysis apparatus - Google Patents
A kind of landing-type pyrolysis apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN104178189B CN104178189B CN201410412201.2A CN201410412201A CN104178189B CN 104178189 B CN104178189 B CN 104178189B CN 201410412201 A CN201410412201 A CN 201410412201A CN 104178189 B CN104178189 B CN 104178189B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/141—Feedstock
- Y02P20/143—Feedstock the feedstock being recycled material, e.g. plastics
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of landing-type pyrolysis apparatus, include that feed opening, uniform blanking mechanism, preheating section, main reactor, blanking auxiliary body and charcoal discharge section from top to bottom；Size is entered preheating section at below 30mm, moisture content 35% and following garbage or biomass by uniform blanking mechanism, preheating section deliver to main reactor.Preheating section is provided with moisture outlet.Main reactor is made up of perpendicular plate or membrane type vertical tube heat-transfer area, and spacing is 1.4 ~ 3 times of maximum particle size, has blanking auxiliary body to help blanking, has thermal source to import and export in side, and opposite side has fugitive constituent filter course and the export mouth being perpendicular to heat-transfer area.The coke produced falls into charcoal and discharges section, is not pyrolyzed complete material and continues pyrolysis at this, controls the time of staying by the mass rate of emission of charcoal.When needing to discharge cold charcoal, charcoal discharges section change cooling section, has coolant to pass through in low-temperature receiver side.The present invention adapts to that the expanding with heat and contract with cold of pyrolysis apparatus, No leakage and capacity are big, saves and take up an area space.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to biomass economy and changing rejected material to useful resource process field.In particular it relates to a kind of landing
Formula pyrolysis apparatus.
Background technology
The most existing can be used for mud, biomass, the reaction unit kind of refuse pyrolysis mainly include fluidized bed pyrolysis
Reactor, fixed-bed pyrolysis reactor, swinging pyrolysis reactor, moving bed pyrolysis reactor, rotating cone reactor, down-comer
Formula pyrolysis reactors etc., they respectively have superiority, and there is also certain defect simultaneously.
Fluidized bed pyrolysis reactor and rotating cone reactor are relatively more suitable for pyrolysis liquefaction and the pyrolysis gas of biological particles
Change, be poorly suited for the pyrolysis charring of biomass.Fixed-bed pyrolysis reactor is relatively more suitable for the heat of biological particles and refuse
Solve carbonization and pyrolytic gasification, but be poorly suited for the pyrolysis liquefaction of biomass and refuse.And owing to fixed-bed pyrolysis reactor is deposited
The problem being difficult to circulation at heat carrier, causes heat-energy losses relatively big, reduces the pyrolysis ability of fixed-bed pyrolysis reactor.
Fluidized-bed reactor is a kind of relatively common pyrolysis installation, simple in construction, and reaction is quickly.But raw material particle size is wanted
Asking harsh, the material time of staying in the reactor is too short, and reaction may not exclusively, and fluidized gas can increase refrigeration duty so that heat energy
Utilization rate is low.Simultaneously strong in fluid bed gas-solid effect cause in gaseous product containing more be difficult to by typical separators complete
The small solid impurity removed, affects pyrolysis oil quality.Chinese invention patent application CN103756712 discloses a kind of based on interior
The biomass flash pyrolysis device of outer Two-way Cycle spouted fluidized bed, biological particles is raised feed compartment the end of by and is added, defeated by spouted wind
Transport into there is violent pyrolytic reaction in pyrolysis reactor, not and the relatively mcroorganism matter granule of reaction with circulatory mediator through annular space district
In being formed there is pyrolytic reaction in circulation again.This device can meet the phase time of staying solid phase simultaneously of losing heart of fluidized bed pyrolysis technology
The fully requirement of reaction；Chinese invention patent application CN10122029 and CN101481619 disclose in a kind of fluid bed
Heat recovery and utilization technique, material is pyrolyzed in fluidized bed pyrolysis vaporizer, produces pyrolysis gas and semicoke, and semicoke is in burning
The high-temp circulating ash produced that burns in room sends into pyrolysis vaporizer, provides heat for pyrolytic gasification reaction.This technique will pyrolysis half
The low-quality energy in Jiao is as pyrolysis thermal source, and heat recovery rate is high.But above-mentioned technology all cannot be avoided substantial amounts of little granule
Carried by product, when directly heating with gas heat carrier, owing to carrying secretly, the effect such as mixing, the pyrolysis gas obtained and tar dust-laden
Measure an outstanding problem too high, that semicoke ash increase is fluidized-bed reactor.
Rotary kiln is relative to fluidized bed pyrolysis reactor, and system seal is more preferable, low to material requirement, and during pyrolytic reaction
Between controlled, but the efficiency of heating surface is low.A kind of revolution is disclosed for this Chinese invention patent application CN2395146 and CN1847364
Kiln-fluid bed combination type solid pyrolysis of waste device, the semicoke making primary solid garbage be produced by pyrolytic reaction is being flowed
Change the solid waste in the heat smoke heating rotary kiln produced after burning in bed, have the advantages that the thermal efficiency is high, but technique
Complexity, and the shortcoming bulky still without solving rotary kiln itself.
Chinese invention patent application CN102816581 discloses a kind of perpendicular line biomass moving bed continuous pyrolysis device.
The mode using high-temperature flue gas to wash away moving bed pyrolysis vertical tube row strengthens the external heat source heat-transfer effect to pyrolysis plant, biomass
Raw material, in the biggest thermal decomposition tube decomposes successively of draw ratio, utilizes the heat of coke cooling release to realize adding the pre-of hot-air
Heat, enable is fully used, and utilizes the regulation being rotated into outlet valve, realizes the continuous of pyrolytic process with material self gravitation
Formula produces.But the size of this decline tubular reactor needs enough big, the response time that guarantee is enough.And pyrolytic carbon is easy
Pile up in pipe, build bridge, produce blocking, thus affect the continuous operation of whole pyrolysis installation.
Chinese invention patent application CN101717652 discloses a kind of spiral pyrolysis reactor, the graininess of 600 ~ 900 DEG C
Heat carrier mix with biomass powder after through charging aperture feeding housing in spiral slide, biomass powder is in the effect of high-temperature heat carrier
It is pyrolyzed into the most rapidly pyrolysis gas and powdered carbon, powdered carbon and heat carrier and continues descending along spiral slide, finally carry from powdered carbon outlet and heat
Body outlet is each discharged, but requires the highest to the wearability of spiral slide.For refuse, spiral there is also winding
Problem.
Owing to different pyrolysis reactors have respective advantage respectively, therefore often different types of reactor is combined, to reach
To being preferably pyrolyzed effect.It is multiple that Chinese invention patent application CN101747947 discloses a kind of moving bed pyrolysis fluidized gasification
Closing reaction unit, its device is provided with a moving bed pyrolysis conversion zone with charging aperture and gas outlet, and at its one end
It is communicated with the bottom fluidized gasification conversion zone with gasifying agent input pipe and ash discharging hole, moving bed pyrolysis conversion zone and stream
Change bed gasification reaction section to carry out being pyrolyzed and gasification reaction, moving bed pyrolysis and fluidized gasification are organically combined, thing
Material transformation efficiency is high, and gasification gas and biomass are driven in the wrong direction and run, and outlet temperature is low, and the thermal efficiency is high, but the problem of fluid bed band powder
Still without solution.Chinese invention patent application CN10265368 discloses a kind of down-flow fluidized bed using ECT one moving bed coupling pyrolytic reaction dress
Put.Down-flow fluidized bed using ECT pyrolysis reactor can realize the fast pyrogenation of solid small particles fuel, and the pyrolysis gas time of staying is short, but for
The solid fuel then time of staying of big particle diameter is too short, is unfavorable for oarse-grained abundant pyrolysis, although this invention utilizes moving bed
Solving this problem, but moving bed only processes bulky grain, efficiency is too low.
It is efficiently completed pyrolysis in view of existing pyrolytic technique and reactor can not meet and makes fugitive constituent cleaning, locate afterwards
Manage simple requirement, the present invention propose a kind of efficiently, economical, can the landing-type pyrolysis reactor of stable operation, discarded to ensure
Thing and biomass energy realize pyrolysis more economical, safe efficiently, and the fugitive constituent that pyrolysis produces relatively cleans and will not carry a large amount of powder
Dirt.The present invention can also adapt to the expanding with heat and contract with cold of pyrolysis apparatus, No leakage and have that capacity is big, save the advantage taking up an area space.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of landing-type pyrolysis reactor, this landing-type pyrolysis reactor can efficiently complete heat
Solve reaction task, have compact, be adapted to expand with heat and contract with cold and Large Copacity the feature that makes material fall smoothly.
A kind of landing-type pyrolysis apparatus that the present invention provides, described pyrolysis apparatus is from top to bottom by feed opening 1, uniform blanking mechanism
2, preheating section, main reactor and charcoal discharge section composition；It is characterized in that preheating section top is connected with uniform blanking mechanism 2, under
Portion is connected with main reactor, and described preheating section is provided with moisture outlet 3；Described uniform blanking mechanism connects driver part, is driving
Uniform motion under the driving of parts；Main reactor is made up of perpendicular plate heat-transfer area or membrane type vertical tube heat-transfer area, main reactor
Inside being provided with blanking auxiliary body, help to be pyrolyzed material, the side of main reactor heat-transfer area is provided with and is perpendicular to heat-transfer area
Fugitive constituent filter course 8, and the fugitive constituent export mouth 7 being connected with fugitive constituent filter course 8, on the opposite side of main reactor heat-transfer area
Portion is provided with thermal source import, and bottom is provided with thermal source outlet, connects charcoal and discharge section 14 bottom main reactor；Particularly as follows: through preliminary pre-
After processing size below 30mm, moisture content 35% and following garbage or biomass (being i.e. pyrolyzed material) by all
Even blanking mechanism 2 enters preheating section；Pre-thermogenetic water vapour is discharged by moisture outlet 3, is pyrolyzed material and is dropped down onto by preheating section
Main reactor, the operating temperature of main reactor is 400-700 DEG C, and the coke of generation falls into discharge section 14.In main reactor work
During work, blanking auxiliary body regular exercise, help to be pyrolyzed material.
In the present invention, described blanking auxiliary body is the scraper plate group of scraper plate 12 composition being welded in the screed frame of sky, plate
Every side of formula heat-transfer area or tubular type heat-transfer area is provided with scraper plate group, and all of screed frame is connected sheet 18 by support shaft 5 and spacing
Connecting together and constitute the sedan-chair frame of scraper plate 12, the stroke of scraper plate 12 is controlled by stroke groove 4；Under the driving of drive mechanism 6, support shaft
5 move up and down along stroke groove 4, make scraper plate 12 scrape up and down in heat-transfer area both sides, help blanking.
In the present invention, spacing A of described main reactor heat-transfer area is the 1.4 ~ 3 of the largest particles (being pyrolyzed material) size
Times；Heat source side at the perpendicular plate heat-transfer area that width is B or membrane type vertical tube heat-transfer area that internal diameter is d has thermal source to pass through.
In the present invention, charcoal is discharged section and is directly discharged by hot charcoal.
In the present invention, charcoal discharges section can be provided with perpendicular plate or vertical tube type heat-transfer area, and described heat-transfer surface connects coolant
Enter 15 and coolant go out 16 adapters, the low-temperature receiver side discharged in section when charcoal has coolant to pass through, and discharges, i.e. arrange as cold charcoal after being cooled down by charcoal
Go out.
In the present invention, uniform blanking mechanism 2 is arranged to make up by cloth steel disc or the cloth charge bar of several synchronized rotations.
In the present invention, separated by thermal source dividing plate 13 between described thermal source import and thermal source outlet.Thermal source import and thermal source
Outlet is positioned at the same side of main reactor heat-transfer area and is perpendicular to heat-transfer area.
In the present invention, the perpendicular plate heat-transfer area of main reactor has internal heat resource commutating structure and spacing column 17, makes thermal source
Side width is B, and can arrange 1 layer or multilamellar.
In the present invention, the membrane type vertical tube heat-transfer area of main reactor is made up of the pipe that some calibers are d and passes through to connect
Sheet is linked to be membrane type, two ends bend towards side in case thermal source homonymy into and out of.
In the present invention, described filter course 8 uses refractory layer inorganic material porous fibre plate.
In the present invention, charcoal is discharged and is provided with charcoal bucket and continuous way charcoal output device below section.
In the present invention, charcoal discharge section 14 is due to the high temperature of charcoal, and not being pyrolyzed complete material can also continue under the waste heat of charcoal
Continuous pyrolysis, continuous way charcoal output device can control slowly to be exported by hot charcoal when speed makes charging thicker.
The using method of the landing-type pyrolysis apparatus that the present invention provides, specifically comprises the following steps that
After preliminary pretreatment moisture content below 35%, particle size is in below 30mm garbage or biomass
(material being i.e. pyrolyzed) is dropped to uniform blanking mechanism 2 by feed opening 1, uniform blanking mechanism 2 by fixing gap, continuously
Uniform motion allows material drop to preheating section, and described preheating section is provided with moisture outlet 3, produces under the hot-fluid effect of bottom
Steam is derived by moisture outlet 3, makes moisture content in volatile matter reduce, and calorific value increases.The most dried material drops to primary response
Device, described main reactor is made up of perpendicular plate or membrane type vertical tube heat-transfer area 11, perpendicular plate or membrane type vertical tube heat-transfer area
The heat source side of 11 is flue gas, and opposite side is the material being pyrolyzed, and spacing A of heat-transfer area is 1.4 ~ 3 times of maximum particle size, has
Blanking auxiliary body helps blanking, has large-area fugitive constituent filter course 8 and fugitive constituent export mouth 7 by waving that material pyrolysis produces
Send out part to derive.The operating temperature of main reactor at 400-700 DEG C, material main reactor be heated pyrolysis time, blanking auxiliary body
Time action under the effect of drive mechanism 6, promotes material to fall in heat-transfer area 11 gap of main reactor.When charcoal drops to row
During the section of going out 14, charcoal still has the highest temperature, can promote not yet to be pyrolyzed complete material and continue pyrolysis, by controlling the row of charcoal
Go out speed and can control charcoal in the time of staying discharging section.Cooling Heat Transfer face is set when needed, then is passed through low-temperature receiver cooling, discharge
Cold charcoal.
In the present invention, described uniform blanking mechanism 2 can be implemented as follows, particularly as follows: the axle of multiple parallel rotation
By chain wheel drive, rotating shaft is provided with fin or tusk, when rotating fin or tusk material uniformly stirred and
Oarse-grained material can be crushed.
In the present invention, the heat-transfer area 11 of main reactor can be implemented as follows, particularly as follows: heat-transfer area 11 is by perpendicular plate
Constituting, the heat source side width of perpendicular plate heat-transfer area is B, spacing column 17 keep, and centre is provided with baffling dividing plate 20, thermal source i.e. height
Temperature flue gas walk around baffling dividing plate 20 after turn to, make flue gas realize homonymy into and out of；
Heat-transfer area 11 can also be made up of membrane type vertical tube, caliber d is less, it is possible to use caliber 3/4 25 ~ 3/4
Stainless steel tube between 38.Stainless steel tube connects sheet 19 and connects into membrane type, and two ends bend towards side makes thermal source i.e. high-temperature flue gas exist
Homonymy into and out of.
Use landing-type pyrolysis reactor provided by the present invention, it is possible to achieve to biomass, the high-efficiency thermal decomposition of garbage,
Producing the volatile matter and granular charcoal more cleaned, this realizes based on following principle:
The deadweight relying on garbage and the biomass being pyrolyzed can allow them automatically down land at feed opening 1, landing
Time on uniform blanking mechanism 2, under the separation and rotation of uniform blanking mechanism 2, automatic falls downward is to preheating section.Preheating section
Material by the heat of main reactor from below, moisture evaporation is discharged by moisture outlet 3；Avoid volatile matter band water.Fall
The leakage that the support shaft 5 of material auxiliary body may cause when moving up and down along stroke groove 4, and the negative pressure that moisture outlet 3 causes can
To avoid this leakage.Owing to when material is pyrolyzed, volume can shrink, so the charcoal formed can be between the heat-transfer area 11 of main reactor
Gap falls downward.The material being easily generated bonding is scraped off by the motion of scraper plate 12, also drives blanking simultaneously.The heat-transfer area of main reactor
11 is perpendicular plate heat-transfer area or membrane type vertical tube heat-transfer area, has the structure that flue gas turns to so that flue gas into and out of all one
Side, leaves the derived space of volatile matter to opposite side.The granule that large-area fugitive constituent derived space makes fugitive constituent carry
Reduce, and further by filter course, the volatile matter making out is the cleanest, it is simple to post processing or burning.
In the present invention, described garbage be broken after house refuse, mud, broken after waste plastics；Described biomass
For the straw after pulverizing, biogas residue etc..
The invention have the advantage that
1. the present invention uses plate heat transfer face or tubule type heat-transfer area, and area is big and volume is little, compact, and volume is little, appearance
Amount is big；
2. the most unsettled layout of the main reactor of the present invention, the ability adapting to expand with heat and contract with cold is the strongest；
3. the present invention gets rid of steam in time because of pre-reaction section 3, pyrolysis can be smoothly completed in this landing-type pyrolysis apparatus
Reaction, and improve the calorific value of volatile matter；
4., in the present invention, described large-area filter course 8 prevents particulate matter to follow volatile matter and discharges, and makes fugitive constituent more dry
Only, it is not necessary to particle trap is set.Also reduce resistance simultaneously；
5. the present invention relies on material gravity fall, and reactor is static, be difficult to airborne dust, it is to avoid powdered carbon；
6. the present invention only auxiliary blanking mechanism moves, and other parts are not moved, and can avoid revealing；
7., in the present invention, the uniform blanking mechanism on preheating section top has control action to the material size entered, charcoal simultaneously
Discharge section can continue when not setting Cooling Heat Transfer face to allow material carbonization be pyrolyzed, adapt to the material that granule is uneven；Therefore this heat
Solve reactor and the change of Feed size is had well adapting to property；
8., in the present invention, the heat-transfer area 11 of composition main reactor has flue gas turn-around design, it is simple to arrange.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the landing-type pyrolysis apparatus of the hot charcoal of discharge provided by the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the landing-type pyrolysis apparatus of the cold charcoal of discharge provided by the present invention；
Fig. 3 is main reactor and the auxiliary blanking mechanism thereof of landing-type pyrolysis apparatus provided by the present invention；Wherein: (a) is
Front view, (b) is left view；
Fig. 4 is the top view of main reactor and auxiliary blanking mechanism；
Fig. 5 is the perpendicular plate heat-transfer area of composition main reactor；
Fig. 6 is the membrane type vertical tube heat-transfer area of composition main reactor.
Label in figure: 1 feed opening；2 uniform blanking mechanisms；3 preheating section moisture outlet；4 stroke grooves；5 support shafts；6 drive
Mechanism；7 fugitive constituent export mouths；8 filter courses；9 thermal source imports；10 thermal source outlet；11 heat-transfer areas;12 scraper plates;13 thermal source dividing plates;
14 charcoals discharge section;15 coolant enter；16 coolant go out；17 spacing columns;18 spacings connect sheet;19 tubular type heat-transfer areas connect sheet；20 foldings
Stream dividing plate；A heat-transfer area material side spacing；B heat-transfer area heat source side width；C heat-transfer area length；D heat-transfer area width.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment of the present invention and effect are described in detail below by specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
Fig. 1 shows the embodiment that a kind of landing-type pyrolysis apparatus provided by the present invention specifically optimizes.This is embodied as
The pyrolysis apparatus of mode includes feed opening 1, uniform blanking mechanism 2, preheating section moisture outlet 3；Auxiliary blanking mechanism by stroke groove 4,
The sedan-chair that support shaft 5, drive mechanism 6, scraper plate 12 and spacing connection sheet 18 are formed by connecting is configured to；Main reactor is passed by perpendicular plate
Hot side 11 is constituted;There are fugitive constituent filter course 8 and export mouth 7 thereof in side；Opposite side has the thermal source import 9 of the i.e. high-temperature flue gas of thermal source
With thermal source outlet 10；Thermal source dividing plate 13 is had between the import and export of thermal source;Biomass and garbage are after main reactor has reacted
Enter charcoal and discharge section 14;It is continuously vented process discharging after section 14 does suitably stop.(material between perpendicular plate heat-transfer area 11
Side) spacing be A, size is maximum sized 1.4 ~ 3 times of material particles, and heat source side relies on spacing column 17 to maintain the width of heat source side
Degree B；The a length of C of heat-transfer area；Heat-transfer area width is D.Feed opening 1 is followed by uniform blanking mechanism 2；Uniformly blanking mechanism 2 is by synchronized
The cloth steel disc or the cloth charge bar that rotate are constituted according to certain intervals, and uniform rotation under the driving of motor makes to be pyrolyzed material
As stalk particle and mud crush while fall；Preheating section, above the lower section, main reactor of uniform blanking mechanism 2, is provided with
Moisture outlet 3；The perpendicular plate heat-transfer surface 11 of composition main reactor has the structure of internal heat resource commutation;And can arrange 1 layer or
Person's multilamellar.The heat-transfer area Jian You blanking auxiliary body of main reactor helps blanking.
Main reactor has fugitive constituent export mouth 7 with the opposite side of thermal source import and export；Fugitive constituent derive before through excessive
Long-pending filter course 8；A kind of economic suitably filter course 8 is heat resistant type inorganic material porous fibre plate.
Charcoal discharge section 14 has charcoal bucket and hot charcoal is exported the predetermined area by continuous way charcoal output device.
Charcoal discharge section 14, due to the high temperature of charcoal, is not pyrolyzed complete material and can also continue pyrolysis under the waste heat of charcoal, even
Continuous formula charcoal output device can control slowly to be exported by hot charcoal when speed makes charging thicker.
In this specific embodiment, connect by arranging corresponding pipeline, can realize according to the following method of operation useless
Gurry or the purpose of biomass efficient pyrolysis processing:
Described garbage or biomass after preliminary pretreatment moisture content below 35%, size 30mm with
Under, uniform blanking mechanism 2 allow material drop to preheating section by fixing gap, the motion of continuous uniform, preheating section is provided with
Moisture outlet 3, the steam produced under the hot-fluid effect of bottom is derived by 3, makes moisture content in volatile matter reduce, and calorific value increases.So
Material after rear dry pre-reaction drops to main reactor, and the heat source side of the perpendicular plate heat-transfer area 11 of composition main reactor is high temperature
Flue gas, is heated to 400-700 DEG C by material, and opposite side is the material being pyrolyzed, and spacing A is 1.4 ~ 3 times of maximum particle size,
Material is derived by large-area filter course 8 and fugitive constituent export mouth 7 by thermogenetic fugitive constituent.Material is heated at main reactor
Pyrolysis charring falls, and blanking auxiliary body is time action under the effect of drive mechanism 6, promotes charcoal at the heat-transfer area of main reactor
Whereabouts between 11 gaps is unimpeded.When charcoal drops to discharge section 14, charcoal still has the highest temperature, can promote not yet to be pyrolyzed
The material finished continues pyrolysis, can control charcoal in the time of staying discharging section by the velocity of discharge controlling charcoal.
Embodiment 2:
Fig. 2 shows the embodiment that another kind of landing-type pyrolysis apparatus provided by the present invention specifically optimizes.This is specifically real
The pyrolysis apparatus executing mode includes feed opening 1, uniform blanking mechanism 2, preheating section moisture outlet 3；Auxiliary blanking mechanism is by stroke groove
4, support shaft 5, drive mechanism 6, the sedan-chair that scraper plate 12 and spacing connection sheet 18 are formed by connecting is configured to；Main reactor is hung down by membrane type
Straight tube heat-transfer area 11 is constituted;There are fugitive constituent filter course 8 and export mouth 7 thereof in side；Opposite side has the thermal source i.e. import of high-temperature flue gas
9 and outlet 10；Biomass and garbage enter charcoal after main reactor reacts and discharge section 14;Do in charcoal discharge section 14 and suitably stop
It is continuously vented process after staying cooling.Spacing between membrane type vertical tube heat-transfer area 11 is A；Heat-transfer area caliber is d；Heat transfer face length
Degree is C；Heat-transfer area width is D.
In this specific embodiment, connect by arranging corresponding pipeline, can realize according to the following method of operation useless
Gurry or the purpose of biomass efficient pyrolysis processing:
Described garbage or biomass after preliminary pretreatment moisture content below 35%, size 30mm with
Under, uniform blanking mechanism 2 allow material drop to preheating section by fixing gap, the motion of continuous uniform, preheating section is provided with
Moisture outlet 3, the steam produced under the hot-fluid effect of bottom is derived by moisture outlet 3, makes moisture content in volatile matter reduce, calorific value
Increase.Then it is dried the material after pre-reaction and drops to main reactor, the membrane type vertical tube heat-transfer area 11 of composition main reactor
Caliber is d, is flue gas inside pipe, and material is heated to 400-700 DEG C, and opposite side is the material being pyrolyzed, and spacing A is maximum
1.4 ~ 3 times of particle size, material is derived by large-area filter course 8 and fugitive constituent export mouth 7 by thermogenetic fugitive constituent.Thing
Expect main reactor be heated pyrolysis charring fall, blanking auxiliary body is time action under the effect of drive mechanism 6, promotes charcoal to exist
Whereabouts between heat-transfer area 11 gap of main reactor is unimpeded.When charcoal drops to charcoal discharge section 14, charcoal still has the highest temperature,
Can be by cooling water cooling, the entrance sleeve of cooling water is that coolant enters 15, and discharge connection is that coolant goes out 16, discharges section 14 district at charcoal
Section, cooling tube is vertically arranged, it is simple to the whereabouts of charcoal.Charcoal can be controlled when discharging the stop of section by the velocity of discharge controlling charcoal
Between.
Embodiment 3:
After drying, moisture content 30%, the largest particles, at below 28mm, utilizes existing swinging pyrolysis reactor to certain mud
Utilize existing swinging pyrolysis reactor to utilize existing swinging pyrolysis reactor device to hold easy dusting, need to arrange cyclone dust removal
Device, and cyclone dust collector is often as tar blocks.Using the landing-type pyrolysis apparatus (Fig. 2) of the present invention, mud is by uniformly
Blanking mechanism 2 is fed to preheating section；The water vapour produced is discharged from the steam outlet 3 of preheating section, makes moisture content fall in volatile matter
Low, calorific value increases.Then being dried the material after pre-reaction and drop to main reactor, main reactor is by perpendicular plate (Fig. 4) heat-transfer area
11 compositions, spacing B of perpendicular plate heat source side is 15mm, has high-temperature flue gas to flow through, and spacing A of mud side is 45mm, by high temperature
Flue gas to 600 DEG C, mud is derived by large-area filter course 8 and fugitive constituent export mouth 7 by thermogenetic fugitive constituent.Dirty
Mud main reactor be heated pyrolysis charring fall, blanking auxiliary body is time action under the effect of drive mechanism 6, promotes charcoal to exist
Whereabouts between heat-transfer area 11 gap of main reactor is unimpeded.When charcoal drops to charcoal discharge section 14, charcoal still has close to 600 DEG C
High temperature, by cooling water cooling, the entrance sleeve of cooling water is that coolant enters 15, and discharge connection is that coolant goes out 16, discharges section 14 at charcoal
Section, cooling tube is vertically arranged, it is simple to the whereabouts of charcoal.Charcoal can be controlled in the stop discharging section by the velocity of discharge controlling charcoal
Time chien shih charcoal be cooled to less than 100 DEG C and be then exhausted from.
Embodiment 4:
Certain criticizes mud after drying, moisture content 30%, and the largest particles 30mm utilizes existing swinging pyrolysis reactor to utilize
It is easy dusting that existing swinging pyrolysis reactor utilizes existing swinging pyrolysis reactor device to hold, and needs to arrange cyclone dust removal dress
Put, and cyclone dust collector is often as tar blocks.Using the landing-type pyrolysis apparatus (Fig. 1) of the present invention, mud is by uniformly falling
Material mechanism 2 is fed to preheating section；The water vapour produced is discharged from the moisture outlet 3 of preheating section, makes moisture content in volatile matter reduce, heat
Value increases.Then being dried the material after pre-reaction and drop to main reactor, main reactor is by membrane type vertical tube heat-transfer area (Fig. 5) group
Becoming, bore d is 25mm, has high-temperature flue gas to flow through, and spacing A of mud side is 45mm, is heated to 700 DEG C by high-temperature flue gas,
Mud is derived by large-area filter course 8 and fugitive constituent export mouth 7 by thermogenetic fugitive constituent.Mud is heated at main reactor
Pyrolysis charring falls, and blanking auxiliary body is time action under the effect of drive mechanism 6, promotes charcoal at the heat-transfer area of main reactor
Whereabouts between 11 gaps is unimpeded.When charcoal drops to charcoal discharge section 14, charcoal still has the high temperature close to 700 DEG C, directly by hot charcoal
Send into the gasification installation of the charcoal separately set.Charcoal can be controlled in the time of staying discharging section by the velocity of discharge controlling charcoal.
Embodiment 5:
After drying, moisture content about 35 %, the largest particles, at about 30mm, utilizes the pyrolysis of existing swinging anti-to certain mud
Answer device to utilize existing swinging pyrolysis reactor to utilize existing swinging pyrolysis reactor device to hold easy dusting, need to arrange whirlwind
Dust arrester, and cyclone dust collector is often as tar blocks.Use the present invention landing-type pyrolysis apparatus (Fig. 2), mud by
Uniformly blanking mechanism 2 is fed to preheating section；The water vapour produced is discharged from the steam outlet 3 of preheating section, makes water in volatile matter
Part is reduced, and calorific value increases.Then the material after drying and preheating drops to main reactor, and main reactor is conducted heat by perpendicular plate (Fig. 4)
Face 11 forms, and spacing B of plate heat source side is 18mm, has high-temperature flue gas to flow through, and spacing A of mud side is 45mm, by high temperature cigarette
Gas is heated to 400 DEG C, and mud is derived by large-area filter course 8 and fugitive constituent export mouth 7 by thermogenetic fugitive constituent.Mud
Main reactor be heated pyrolysis charring fall, blanking auxiliary body is time action under the effect of drive mechanism 6, promotes charcoal leading
Whereabouts between heat-transfer area 11 gap of reactor is unimpeded.When charcoal drops to charcoal discharge section 14, charcoal still has the height close to 400 DEG C
Temperature, by cooling water cooling, the entrance sleeve of cooling water is that coolant enters 15, and discharge connection is that coolant goes out 16, discharges section 14 district at charcoal
Section, cooling tube is vertically arranged, it is simple to the whereabouts of charcoal.Charcoal can be controlled when discharging the stop of section by the velocity of discharge controlling charcoal
Chien shih charcoal is cooled to less than 100 DEG C and is then exhausted from.
Embodiment 6:
After certain batch of screening, screen residue of waste is after crushing, moisture content 35%, the largest particles 30mm, utilizes existing swinging heat
Solving reactor utilizes existing swinging pyrolysis reactor to utilize existing swinging pyrolysis reactor device appearance easy dusting, needs to arrange
Cyclone dust collector, and cyclone dust collector is often as tar blocks.Use the landing-type pyrolysis apparatus (Fig. 1) of the present invention, rubbish
Rubbish is fed to preheating section by uniform blanking mechanism 2；The water vapour produced is discharged from the steam outlet 3 of preheating section, makes volatile matter
Middle moisture content reduces, and calorific value increases.Then the material after drying and preheating drops to main reactor, and main reactor is passed by membrane type vertical tube
Hot side (Fig. 5) forms, and bore d is 38mm, has high-temperature flue gas to flow through, and spacing A of rubbish side is 90mm, is added by high-temperature flue gas
Heat is to 700 DEG C, and rubbish is derived by large-area filter course 8 and fugitive constituent export mouth 7 by thermogenetic fugitive constituent.Rubbish is being led
Reactor be heated pyrolysis charring fall, blanking auxiliary body is time action under the effect of drive mechanism 6, promotes charcoal at primary response
Whereabouts between heat-transfer area 11 gap of device is unimpeded.When charcoal drops to charcoal discharge section 14, charcoal still has the high temperature close to 700 DEG C,
Directly hot charcoal is sent into the gasification installation of the charcoal separately set.Charcoal can be controlled in the stop discharging section by the velocity of discharge controlling charcoal
Time.
Embodiment 7:
Certain batch waste plastics after broken, moisture content 30%, the largest particles 30mm, utilize other form pyrolytic reaction existing
Device oil yield is low, and cannot maximize.Using the landing-type pyrolysis apparatus (Fig. 2) of the present invention, waste plastics is added by uniform blanking mechanism 2
Expect preheating section；The water vapour produced is discharged from the steam outlet 3 of preheating section, makes moisture content in volatile matter reduce, finally reduces
The moisture of oil.Then the waste plastics after pre-reaction melts and drops to main reactor, and main reactor is by perpendicular plate heat-transfer area (Fig. 4) group
Becoming, in heat source side, spacing B is 25mm, has high-temperature flue gas to flow through, and spacing A of waste plastics side is 42mm, is heated by high-temperature flue gas
To 450 DEG C, waste plastics melted by heat falls along plate heat transfer face, and the fugitive constituent simultaneously produced passes through large-area filter course 8
And fugitive constituent export mouth 7 derives rapidly.Some impurity in waste plastics forms slurry, and blanking auxiliary body is in drive mechanism 6
Effect under time action, promote above-mentioned slurry whereabouts between heat-transfer area 11 gap of main reactor unimpeded.Work as slurry
During whereabouts, more and more drier, when dropping to charcoal discharge section 14, form powder, still there is the high temperature close to 450 DEG C, with cold
But water cooling, the entrance sleeve of cooling water is that coolant enters 15, and discharge connection is that coolant goes out 16, discharges section 14 section, cooling at charcoal
Pipe is vertically arranged, it is simple to the whereabouts of charcoal.Charcoal can be controlled by the velocity of discharge controlling charcoal and make charcoal in the time of staying discharging section
It is cooled to less than 100 DEG C be then exhausted from.
Embodiment 8:
Certain criticizes straw after crushing, moisture content 15%, and the largest particles 30mm utilizes existing swinging pyrolysis reactor to utilize
It is easy dusting that existing swinging pyrolysis reactor utilizes existing swinging pyrolysis reactor device to hold, and needs to arrange cyclone dust removal dress
Put, and cyclone dust collector is often as tar blocks.Using the landing-type pyrolysis apparatus (Fig. 1) of the present invention, rubbish is by uniformly falling
Material mechanism 2 is fed to preheating section；The water vapour produced is discharged from the moisture outlet 3 of preheating section, makes moisture content in volatile matter reduce, heat
Value increases.Then being dried the main reactor that drops to after pre-reaction, main reactor is made up of membrane type vertical tube heat-transfer area (Fig. 5),
Bore d is 32mm, has high-temperature flue gas to flow through, and spacing A of straw side is 50mm, is heated to 700 DEG C by high-temperature flue gas, straw
Derived by large-area filter course 8 and fugitive constituent export mouth 7 by thermogenetic fugitive constituent.Straw is heated pyrolysis at main reactor
Carbonization is fallen, and blanking auxiliary body is time action under the effect of drive mechanism 6, promotes charcoal between the heat-transfer area 11 of main reactor
Whereabouts between gap is unimpeded.When charcoal drops to charcoal discharge section 14, charcoal still has the high temperature close to 700 DEG C, is directly sent into by hot charcoal
The gasification installation of the charcoal separately set contacts with the fugitive constituent derived by volatile matter export mouth 7, and the combustion gas producing high heating value utilizes.
Claims (11)
1. a landing-type pyrolysis apparatus, described pyrolysis apparatus from top to bottom by feed opening (1), uniform blanking mechanism (2), preheating section,
Main reactor and charcoal discharge section composition；It is characterized in that preheating section top is connected with uniform blanking mechanism (2), bottom is anti-with main
Answering device to be connected, described preheating section is provided with moisture outlet (3)；Described uniform blanking mechanism connects driver part, at driver part
Drive lower uniform motion；Main reactor is made up of perpendicular plate heat-transfer area or membrane type vertical tube heat-transfer area, is provided with in main reactor
Blanking auxiliary body, helps to be pyrolyzed material, and the side of main reactor heat-transfer area is provided with the fugitive constituent being perpendicular to heat-transfer area
Filter course (8), and the fugitive constituent export mouth (7) being connected with fugitive constituent filter course (8), on the opposite side of main reactor heat-transfer area
Portion is provided with thermal source import, and bottom is provided with thermal source outlet, connects charcoal and discharge section (14) bottom main reactor；Particularly as follows: through preliminary
Size is i.e. pyrolyzed material by all at below 30mm, moisture content at 35% and following garbage or biomass after pretreatment
Even blanking mechanism (2) enters preheating section；Pre-thermogenetic water vapour is discharged by moisture outlet (3), is pyrolyzed material by preheating section
Dropping down onto main reactor, the operating temperature of main reactor is 400-700 DEG C, and the coke of generation falls into discharge section (14), main anti-
During answering device work, blanking auxiliary body regular exercise, help to be pyrolyzed material.
Landing-type pyrolysis apparatus the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that described blanking auxiliary body is the scraper plate being welded in sky
The scraper plate group that scraper plate (12) on framework forms, every side of perpendicular plate heat-transfer area or membrane type vertical tube heat-transfer area is provided with scraper plate
Group, all of screed frame is connected together constituted the sedan-chair frame of scraper plate (12), scraper plate by support shaft (5) and spacing connection sheet (18)
(12) stroke is controlled by stroke groove (4)；Under the driving of drive mechanism (6), support shaft (5) moves down on stroke groove (4)
Dynamic, make scraper plate (12) scrape up and down in heat-transfer area both sides, help blanking.
Landing-type pyrolysis apparatus the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that spacing A of described main reactor heat-transfer area is maximum
It is pyrolyzed 1.4 ~ 3 times of material size；At the perpendicular plate heat-transfer area that width is B or membrane type vertical tube heat-transfer area that internal diameter is d
Heat source side have thermal source to pass through.
Landing-type pyrolysis apparatus the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that charcoal is discharged section and directly discharged by hot charcoal.
Landing-type pyrolysis apparatus the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that being provided with Cooling Heat Transfer face, cold in charcoal discharges section
Source has coolant to pass through, and discharges, i.e. discharge as cold charcoal after being cooled down by charcoal.
Landing-type pyrolysis apparatus the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that uniform blanking mechanism (2) is by several synchronized rotations
Cloth steel disc or cloth charge bar be arranged to make up.
Landing-type pyrolysis apparatus the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that described thermal source import and thermal source outlet are positioned at main anti-
Answer the same side of device heat-transfer area and be perpendicular to heat-transfer area.
Landing-type pyrolysis apparatus the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that the perpendicular plate heat-transfer area of main reactor has inside
Thermal source commutating structure and spacing column (17), and 1 layer or multilamellar can be set.
Landing-type pyrolysis apparatus the most according to claim 1, if it is characterized in that the membrane type vertical tube heat-transfer area of main reactor by
Main footpath be d pipe constitute and by connect sheet be linked to be membrane type, two ends bend towards side in case thermal source homonymy into and out of.
Landing-type pyrolysis apparatus the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that described filter course (8) uses the inorganic material of refractory layer
Material porous fibre plate.
11. landing-type pyrolysis apparatus according to claim 1, is characterized in that charcoal to discharge below section and are provided with charcoal bucket and continuous way charcoal
Output device.
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| CN104710997B (en) * | 2015-04-01 | 2017-03-22 | 曲靖众一精细化工股份有限公司 | Destructive distillation device and destructive distillation method of solid heat carrier |
| CN106190204A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-12-07 | 神木县三江煤化工有限责任公司 | A kind of waste heat recycling system for coal low temperature distillation stove and waste heat recycle method |
| CN106010609A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-10-12 | 神木县三江煤化工有限责任公司 | Gas guide system and method |
| CN107448921A (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2017-12-08 | 郑州中鼎锅炉股份有限公司 | A kind of direct heat-exchanging type solid waste heat boiler |
| CN108384560B (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2020-10-02 | 同济大学 | Large-scale biomass and waste pyrolysis furnace |
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