CN106085475A - A kind of biomass continuous decomposition process and device - Google Patents
A kind of biomass continuous decomposition process and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106085475A CN106085475A CN201610423872.8A CN201610423872A CN106085475A CN 106085475 A CN106085475 A CN 106085475A CN 201610423872 A CN201610423872 A CN 201610423872A CN 106085475 A CN106085475 A CN 106085475A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/08—Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge, e.g. desulfurization
- C10B57/10—Drying
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of biomass continuous decomposition process and device, biomass material is compressed in progradation by dried biomass material；Biomass material after compression is decomposed in retort igniting, decomposes the gas produced, by the gas filtration collected, cool down and devoke, and be compressed to air accumulator, standby；Biomass carbon, sends into chiller, is passed through cold air at chiller and carries out heat exchange, and biomass material is dried by the air-dry apparatus being passed through by the steam after heat exchange in step (1)；Fuel gas, tar and powdered carbon that this technique makes biomass produce during continuous decomposition are efficiently separated and are utilized, and the heat of biomass decomposition obtains efficient recovery simultaneously, save the energy and environmental protection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of biomass carbonization technical field, particularly relate to a kind of biomass continuous decomposition process and dress
Put.
Background technology
Straw is the general name of ripe crops stem and leaf (fringe) part, produces now substantial amounts of straw in agricultural production, passes
The straw of system mainly uses the mode of burning to process, and both contaminated airs, again less than effective interests.Straw charring is it
A kind of effective utilization, in currently wideling popularize, straw charring is by straw drying or to dry, pulverize, then in system
In charcoal equipment, the operation such as drying, dry distilling, cooling, loose straw is made the process of Linesless charcoal.During straw charring, straw
Stalk bundle is transported to conveyer device through feeding device, then sends into air-dry apparatus through conveyer device, and air-dry apparatus needs to have straw bundle
The feeding of sequence, preferably could carry out prebake to straw, from the purpose reaching carbonization.And existing straw conveyor is the most all adopted
With being accomplished manually, owing to straw is the most heavier, diameter is generally 700mm, thus artificial loading labor intensity is big, has both wasted people
Power, and efficiency is low.The most also having straw conveyor at present, when conveying straw is to air-dry apparatus, straw bundle is the most unordered,
Have impact on the effect of feeding.Straw bundle after Feng Ganing needs to push in retort by a propulsion plant by straw bundle, straw bundle
Need to get rid of the air of straw bundle before entering retort, it is therefore desirable to straw bundle is effectively compressed, allows after compressing
Orderly the falling in retort of straw bundle, and the speed advanced is uncontrollable, the straw bundle getting rid of air needs to carry out its igniting
Carbonization, before carbonization, whole high-temperature region is in room temperature state, after prior art needing charcoal and straw removed, exposed from
So lighting a fire in air, retort is heated to the condition of high temperature, the straw charcoal after carbonization needs quickly cooling, the cooling used at present
Mode is the type of cooling of water direct-injection charcoal, and this type of cooling one reduces the temperature of carbide furnace, needs regnition, its
Two, the heat energy after carbonization can not effectively utilize.
China Patent No. is 201420667038.X, discloses a kind of biomass carbonated and cooling and purifying integrated apparatus,
Including support, thermal source and the carbonization cylinder being arranged on support, the top of carbonization cylinder has charging aperture, and thermal source is used for heating carbonization
Cylinder, it is characterised in that also include cooling cylinder and cartridge filter, cooling cylinder is connected with carbonization cylinder, by trachea and mistake by smoke exhaust pipe
Filter cylinder connects, and the inside of cooling cylinder is provided with many cooling tubes, and cooling cylinder is provided with the water inlet connected with described cooling tube and goes out
The mouth of a river, the bottom of cooling cylinder is provided with tar outlet, and cartridge filter connects with exhaustor, equipped with filtrate in cartridge filter.Above-mentioned patent
Many cooling tubes be arranged in cooling cylinder, although can cool down, it exists following not enough, and first cooling effect is poor, its
Two, owing to many cooling tubes are arranged in cylinder, the discharge of the powdered carbon after carbonization is smooth, its three, the hot blast after powdered carbon heat exchange is real
The most effectively recycle.
China Patent No. 201410610487.5 discloses a kind of biomass carbonated method and device thereof, and this device includes doing
Dry room, retort, tar-removing device, heat exchanger and combustion furnace, in hothouse and retort, by heat source gas with directly connect
Touching heat exchange, rapid draing biomass material also makes its carbonization, arranges pyrolysis gas tar recovery system simultaneously, and by design thing heat
Can obtain the most efficiently utilizing.Foregoing invention be the pyrolysis gas of biological carbonisation tar removing is used for carbonization chamber add thermal medium
With the fuel source of combustor, its application waste is relatively big, and foregoing invention is in order to complete the needs of burning process, straw maximum
Product ' gas ' consumes in process, and some becomes ash in combustion.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the defect of above-mentioned prior art, the invention provides a kind of biomass continuous decomposition process and device,
Fuel gas, tar and powdered carbon that this technique makes biomass produce during continuous decomposition are efficiently separated and are utilized, with
Time biomass decomposition heat obtain efficient recovery, save the energy and environmental protection.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of biomass continuous decomposition process, it is characterised in that: comprise the steps:
(1) biomass material is sent into air-dry apparatus to be dried, utilize propulsion plant to push dried biomass material
Retort, is compressed biomass material in progradation；
(2) biomass material after compression is decomposed, after biomass material reaches decomposition temperature in retort igniting:
A. open gas collecting valve and gather the gas that biomass decomposition produces, by the gas filtration collected, cool down and devoke, and
It is compressed to air accumulator, standby；
B. the biomass carbon after decomposing, sends into chiller, is passed through cold air at chiller and carries out heat exchange, after heat exchange
Biomass material is dried by the air-dry apparatus that steam is passed through in step (1)；
C. the biomass carbon after cooling is filtered by powdered carbon irony filter, then with pulverizer biomass carbon pulverized and wrap
Dress.
Step a also including, the gas after filtering carries out oil-water separation, the tar of isolated, wood vinegar are stored up
Deposit.
The device of a kind of biomass continuous decomposition process, including air-dry apparatus, propulsion plant, dore furnace, chiller, warm
Solving gas heat exchanger, centrifugal decoking machine and air accumulator, described air-dry apparatus top is charging aperture, and the discharging opening of bottom fills with advancing
The charging aperture put connects, and the discharging opening of described propulsion plant is connected with dore furnace, between discharging opening and the dore furnace of propulsion plant
Being provided with the compression chamber for compressing straw bundle, the gas production interface on dore furnace is connected with the air inlet of pyrolysis gas heat exchanger, heat
The gas outlet solving gas heat exchanger is connected with the air inlet of centrifugal decoking machine, and the gas outlet of centrifugal decoking machine is connected with air accumulator；
The discharging opening of dore furnace and chiller, described chiller is provided with on heat exchanging air duct, described heat exchanging air duct and air-dry apparatus
Hot wind inlet connect.
Described air-dry apparatus includes that casing, controller and hydraulic cylinder, casing internal upper part are provided with and controls what straw bundle fell
Push pedal, in casing bottom be provided with open and close discharging opening air door, described hot wind inlet is located on casing, described push pedal with
Air door is connected with hydraulic cylinder respectively, and described controller is chain with hydraulic cylinder.
Described propulsion plant includes cylinder body, and one end of cylinder body is connected with hydraulic cylinder, and the other end is connected with compression chamber, compression chamber
Being connected with the charging aperture of dore furnace, described cylinder body is provided with charging aperture, is provided with piston in cylinder body, and piston passes through connecting rod and hydraulic cylinder
Connect.
Described compression chamber is a cylinder, is provided with conically shaped in compression chamber, and the inwall of conically shaped is provided with thorn sheet, conically shaped and pressure
Forming gas passage between contracting chamber, compression chamber is provided with the gas production interface communicated with gas passage.
The housing of dore furnace is made up of trocar sheath and inner sleeve, forms interlayer between trocar sheath and inner sleeve, inner sleeve
Inwall is provided with flame retardant coating, and flame retardant coating is provided with ignition ring, and ignition ring is circumferentially laid on the inwall of flame retardant coating.
Described chiller includes that housing, described housing are double Shell, forms cavity, in cavity between double Shell
Being provided with dividing plate, dividing plate is arranged twist along the circumferencial direction of housing, and cavity is separated into spiral type heat exchanging air duct by institute's dividing plate,
Housing is provided with the cold wind import and hot-blast outlet communicated with heat exchanging air duct；Hot-blast outlet is with the hot wind inlet on air-dry apparatus even
Connect.
Described pyrolysis gas heat exchanger includes box heat exchanger, heat exchanger tube, water conservancy diversion case and liquid collection bucket, described heat exchange
Pipe is vertically installed in box heat exchanger, and described water conservancy diversion case is arranged on the outer upper of box heat exchanger, water conservancy diversion case with change
Forming diversion cavity between the outer wall of hot device casing, described heat exchanger tube connects with diversion cavity；Described liquid collection bucket is arranged on heat exchange
The outer lower portion of device casing, described heat exchanger tube connects with liquid collection bucket；The top of described water conservancy diversion case is provided with venting, anti-
Seam broken is provided with rupture pressure disc.
Described centrifugal decoking machine includes centrifugal cylinder, negative pressure cylinder and centrifugal body, and centrifugal cylinder is provided with air inlet, described negative pressure cylinder
Being connected by blind flange with centrifugal cylinder, described centrifugal body is positioned at centrifugal cylinder, and centrifugal body includes centrifugal isocon, centrifugal isocon
Passing vertically through blind flange and be positioned at centrifugal cylinder and negative pressure cylinder, centrifugal isocon is connected with rotating mechanism, be positioned at centrifugal cylinder from
The outside of heart isocon arranges filter screen, and centrifugal isocon is provided with passage, and centrifugal cylinder is provided with tar outlet；It is positioned at negative pressure cylinder
Interior centrifugal isocon is provided with passage, and negative pressure cylinder is provided with gas outlet, and gas outlet is connected with induced-draught fan, and gas outlet is by inhaling
Blower fan is connected with air accumulator.
The invention have the advantages that
1, biomass material is compressed in progradation by the present invention by dried biomass material；By the life after compression
Raw material of substance decomposes in retort igniting, decomposes the gas produced, by the gas filtration collected, cools down and devoke, and compress
To air accumulator, standby；Biomass carbon, sends into chiller, is passed through cold air at chiller and carries out heat exchange, by the heat after heat exchange
Biomass material is dried by the air-dry apparatus that gas is passed through in step (1)；This technique makes biomass during continuous decomposition
The fuel gas, tar and the powdered carbon that produce are efficiently separated and are utilized, and the heat of biomass decomposition obtains efficient recovery simultaneously, joint
The about energy and environmental protection, compared with prior art, the present invention is not consume any energy, under oxygen barrier state, is to produce
Ash.
2, in the device of material continuous decomposition process of the present invention, chiller is returned to by the high temperature hot gas of air-cooled generation
Straw air-dry apparatus being dried for straw, heat energy achieves recycling and achieves the continuous decomposition of biomass material, carries
The high response rate of charcoal, fuel gas, tar and wood vinegar, and reached the requirement of environmental protection.
3, the two-stage push pedal of air-dry apparatus of the present invention, blocks, by the straw bundle entered from charging aperture, sector-style of going forward side by side and does, straw
Bundle air-dry after open push pedal, make straw bundle orderly fall into propulsion plant；Biomass material enters when advancing dore furnace, orderly
Advance, air-dry effective.
4, being provided with conically shaped in compression chamber of the present invention, the inwall of conically shaped is provided with thorn sheet, shape between conically shaped and compression chamber
Becoming gas passage, compression chamber is provided with the gas production interface communicated with gas passage, in progradation, due to gas producing device cylinder
Internal vertebral body, straw bundle compressed its internal air of extrusion, and orderly the entering from charging aperture of straw bundle, then piston promotes row
Straw bundle after air falls in retort, thus improves the carbonization degree of straw；Thorn sheet is agnail, thorn sheet puncture tip towards pushing away
Entering the discharging opening of device, when piston promotes straw to be strapped to certain position, piston needs to return, next one straw bundle is fallen into followed by
Continue and push away forward, due to the effect of agnail, it is possible to reduce return by the straw after compressing, thus improve air and discharge effect and pressure
Contracting effect.
5, the inside of the housing of the chiller of the present invention is powdered carbon passage, is provided with cooling tube in described powdered carbon passage, cold
But pipe is three layers in powdered carbon passage, and Heterogeneous Permutation, and cooling tube is at radially three layers of Heterogeneous Permutation of powdered carbon passage, the most not only
The housing of chiller is implemented flowing cooling medium cool down, in powdered carbon passage, install cooling tube simultaneously additional, and use
Three layers of Heterogeneous Permutation, reduce the temperature of powdered carbon further and improve cooling effect.
6, the pyrolysis gas heat exchanger of the present invention includes box heat exchanger, heat exchanger tube, water conservancy diversion case and liquid collection bucket, changes
Heat pipe is vertically installed in box heat exchanger, and water conservancy diversion case is arranged on the outer upper of box heat exchanger, water conservancy diversion case and heat exchange
Forming diversion cavity between the outer wall of device casing, described heat exchanger tube connects with diversion cavity；Described liquid collection bucket is arranged on heat exchanger
The outer lower portion of casing, described heat exchanger tube connects with liquid collection bucket, and biomass pyrolytic gas passes through air inlet and the first heat exchange
Pipe connect, gas flow downward in the first heat exchanger tube cooled water heat exchange rear section water, tar and pyroligneous liquor liquefaction flow into
Liquid collection bucket, pyrolysis gas flows up carry out heat at second heat exchanger tube connected with liquid collection bucket that acts through of pressure
Exchange, water, tar and pyroligneous liquor continue liquefaction, pyrolysis gas inflow water conservancy diversion case, and baffling and return and go successively to the 3rd
Heat exchanger tube flows downward and carries out heat exchange, circulates with this, finally from most end one-level heat exchanger tube and flowed out by gas outlet, biomass
Pyrolysis gas is in box heat exchanger, along heat exchanger tube up and down reciprocatingly baffling heat exchange, improves heat transfer effect, water, tar and wood vinegar
Acid solutions etc. are efficiently separated from pyrolysis gas.
7, the present invention be the mode using negative pressure to the tar separation in biogas body, connect air draught at outlet port
Machine, after gas enters centrifugal cylinder by air inlet, due to the effect of induced-draught fan, the air pressure of negative pressure cylinder reduces, on centrifugal isocon
Passage make its air pressure inside reduce, biological fuel gas is inhaled in centrifugal isocon in centrifugal cylinder, makes biological fuel gas
Interior tar is adsorbed by filter screen, will not form vaporific tar, due to the rotation of centrifugal body, under the influence of centrifugal force, and absorption
Tar on filter screen can not can only be attached to screen surface, at centrifugal force along filter screen to centrifugal isocon internal diffusion, i.e. tar
Effect fall in centrifugal cylinder, discharge from tar outlet, and gas outlet expellant gas (or the gas sucked by induced-draught fan)
For qualified gas, the tar i.e. separated will not be formed vaporific, also will not diffuse to gas outlet (or exhaust passage), improve de-
Burnt effect, so that biomass pyrolytic gas meets technological requirement.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the apparatus structure schematic diagram of biomass continuous decomposition process of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of air-dry apparatus；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of propulsion plant；
Fig. 4 is the compression chamber structural representation of propulsion plant；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of carbonizing plant；
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of chiller；
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of pyrolysis gas heat exchanger；
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of centrifugal decoking machine.
Labelling in figure: 1, air-dry apparatus, 11, casing, 12, air door, 13, push pedal, 14, controller, 15, hydraulic cylinder, 16, straw
Stalk is tied, and 17, hot wind inlet；
2, propulsion plant, 21, cylinder body, 22, hydraulic cylinder, 23, gas production interface, 24, piston, 25, charging aperture, 26, thorn sheet, 27, cone
Shape cylinder, 28, gas passage；
3, dore furnace, 31, trocar sheath, 32, inner sleeve, 33, interlayer, 34, flame retardant coating, 35, ignition ring；
4, chiller, 41, housing, 42, hot-blast outlet, 43, cold wind import, 44, heat exchanging air duct, 45, dividing plate, 46, cooling tube,
47, powdered carbon passage；
5, pyrolysis gas heat exchanger, 51, box heat exchanger, 52, heat exchanger tube, 53, water conservancy diversion case, 54, liquid collection bucket, 55, lead
Stream chamber, 56, venting；
6, centrifugal decoking machine, 61, centrifugal cylinder, 62, negative pressure cylinder, 63, air inlet, 64, gas outlet, 65, tar outlet, 66, centrifugal
Isocon, 67, centrifugal body, 68, passage；
7, air accumulator, 8, compression chamber.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is described further below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
Embodiment 1
A kind of biomass continuous decomposition process, comprises the steps:
(1) biomass material is sent into air-dry apparatus to be dried, utilize propulsion plant to push dried biomass material
Retort, is compressed biomass material in progradation；This step also including, (biomass material is by biomass material
Refer to the straw of plant) carry out arrangement feeding, and after arrangement, biomass material is sent to the step of air-dry apparatus；In progradation
The purpose compressing biomass material (i.e. straw bundle) is to discharge its internal air, and the ratio improving decomposition generation charcoal (prevents
Turn to dust and ashes).
(2) biomass material after compression is decomposed, after biomass material reaches decomposition temperature in retort igniting:
A. open gas collecting valve and gather the gas that biomass decomposition produces, by the gas filtration collected, cool down and devoke, and
It is compressed to air accumulator, standby；The fuel gas stored can be used for generating or domestic；
B. the biomass carbon after decomposing, sends into chiller, is passed through cold air at chiller and carries out heat exchange, after heat exchange
Biomass material is dried by the air-dry apparatus that steam is passed through in step (1)；After decomposition, charcoal passes through cold wind heat exchange, the height obtained
Warm wind is back to air-dry apparatus, air-dries straw bundle, and the heat of pyrocarbon is recycled and recycles；
C. the biomass carbon after cooling is filtered by powdered carbon irony filter, then with pulverizer biomass carbon pulverized and wrap
Dress.
Step a also including, the gas after filtering carries out oil-water separation, the tar of isolated, wood vinegar are stored up
Deposit.
For above-mentioned biomass continuous decomposition process, the invention provides the device of a kind of biomass continuous decomposition process,
Mainly include air-dry apparatus 1, propulsion plant 2, dore furnace 3, chiller 4, pyrolysis gas heat exchanger 5, centrifugal decoking machine 6 and storage
Gas tank 7, the top of described air-dry apparatus 1 is charging aperture, is used for sending into biomass material bundle, the discharging opening of bottom and propulsion plant
The charging aperture of 2 connects, and the discharging opening of propulsion plant 2 is connected with dore furnace 3, sets between discharging opening and the dore furnace 3 of propulsion plant 2
Having the compression chamber 8 for compressing straw bundle, the gas production interface on dore furnace 3 is connected with the air inlet of pyrolysis gas heat exchanger 5, heat
The gas outlet solving gas heat exchanger 5 is connected with the air inlet of centrifugal decoking machine 6, and the gas outlet of centrifugal decoking machine 6 is with air accumulator 7 even
Connect；The discharging opening of dore furnace 3 and chiller 4, described chiller 4 is provided with heat exchanging air duct, and described heat exchanging air duct is with air-dried
Hot wind inlet on device 1 connects；This device was additionally provided with biomass material feeding device before air-dry apparatus and biomass are former
Material conveying device, pyrolysis gas heat exchanger 5 is further connected with tar separator (for the tar separating in gas and wood vinegar), point
Solve stove 3 to be also connected with powdered carbon irony filter, for removing the iron tramp etc. in powdered carbon.
Air-dry apparatus 1 includes that casing 11, casing 11 upper end are charging aperture, and lower end is discharging opening, and straw conveying mechanism is by straw
Stalk bundle 16 air-dries in falling into casing 11 by charging aperture, and the top in casing 11 is sequentially provided with from top to bottom for stopping
Straw bundle 16 two-stage push pedal 13(push pedal here of falling is exactly to insert its baffle plate entered from casing, its objective is to block straw
Bundle 8, stops it arbitrarily to fall, it is necessary to the control two push pedals falls into the bottom of casing), described casing 11 lower end is provided with use
In turning off or on the air door 12 of discharging opening, air door 12 can be with opening and closing discharging opening, and described casing is provided with hot wind inlet 17, therefore
Discharging opening 12 closed by air door 12, prevents high-temperature hot-air from discharging from discharging opening, the distance between described two-stage push pedal 13 and straw bundle
The diameter of 16 adapts, and hot wind inlet 17 is between push pedal 13 and air door 12.In order to realize the automatization of air drying process, also wrap
Including controller 14 and hydraulic cylinder 15 push pedal is connected with hydraulic cylinder respectively with air door, described controller is chain with hydraulic cylinder, to liquid
Cylinder pressure 15 automatically controls.
Propulsion plant 2 includes cylinder body 21 and hydraulic cylinder 22, and one end of cylinder body 21 is by ring flange and hydraulic cylinder 22, the other end
Being connected with compression chamber 8 by ring flange, the sidewall of cylinder body 21 is provided with charging aperture 25(straw bundle 16 and falls into propelling dress from charging aperture 25
In putting), the other end of compression chamber 8 is discharging opening, is provided with the piston 24 for advancing straw bundle in cylinder body 21, and described piston 24 leads to
Crossing connecting rod to be connected with hydraulic cylinder 22, hydraulic cylinder 22 drives piston 24 to move reciprocatingly in cylinder body 21, will send from charging aperture 25
The straw bundle 16 through air-drying entered is pressed in dore furnace 3 and carries out carbonization, and compression chamber 8 is cylinder, is provided with conically shaped 27 in cylinder, cone
Shape cylinder 27 is internally formed compression chamber, and the miner diameter end (one end outlet that diameter is less) of conically shaped 27 is discharging opening, bigger diameter end and cylinder
The inwall connection of body, the inwall of conically shaped 27 is provided with thorn sheet 26, and thorn sheet 26 is agnail, filling towards propelling of the puncture tip of thorn sheet 26
Putting the discharging opening of 2, form gas passage 28 between described conically shaped 27 and cylinder, cylinder is provided with gas production interface 23(straw charcoal
The fuel gas produced during change is discharged through gas passage 28 by gas production interface 23 and is stored), gas production interface 23 and gas lead to 28 roads
Communicate.The shape of conically shaped 27 is actual is the stage body of interior sky, i.e. one end diameter is less, and the other end is relatively large in diameter, and internal cavity is i.e.
For compression chamber, one end that diameter is less is straw discharging opening, and straw bundle is sent in dore furnace 3 by this discharging opening, bigger one
End is fixed with cylinder inboard wall, and straw bundle is pushed into less one end by bigger one end by piston, and its volume is compressed, inside it
Air be extruded, prevent straw bundle from turning to dust and ashes at carbonization process.
Dore furnace 3 includes a cylinder, and one end of cylinder is connected with compression chamber 8, and the straw bundle of compression is sent into dore furnace and carried out
Carbonization, the other end of cylinder is connected with chiller 4, and cylinder includes that trocar sheath 31 and inner sleeve 32, described inner sleeve 32 are socketed
In trocar sheath 31, form interlayer 3 between trocar sheath 31 and inner sleeve 32, be used for being incubated, the inwall of described inner sleeve 32 sets
Having flame retardant coating 34, flame retardant coating 34 to be provided with ignition ring 35, ignition ring 35 is circumferentially laid on the inwall of flame retardant coating.Described point
Pyrosphere 35 is electric heating tube.
Chiller 4 includes that housing 41, housing 41 are cylindrical shape, and enclosure interior is powdered carbon passage 47, one end of housing 41
Connecing Straw decomposing stove 3, the other end of housing 41 is the charcoal after cooling or the outlet of powdered carbon, and housing 41 is double-layer shell structure, bag
Including shell body and inner housing, the gap between double Shell 41 forms cavity, is provided with dividing plate 45, (this dividing plate 45 in cavity
Can be cylindrical or one-tenth fin shape), described dividing plate 45 is arranged twist along the circumferencial direction of housing 1, and institute's dividing plate 45 is by cavity
Being separated into spiral type heat exchanging air duct 44, the shell body of housing 41 is provided with hot-blast outlet 42 and cold wind import 43, described hot-blast outlet
42, cold wind import 43 is connected with heat exchanging air duct 44, and the charcoal of high temperature or powdered carbon are when apparatus for supercooling, and cold wind is from cold wind import 43
Enter in heat exchanging air duct 44, and in spiral heat exchanging air duct 44 and high temperature powdered carbon heat exchange, the high-temperature gas after heat exchange is from hot blast
Outlet 42 outflow, hot-blast outlet 42 is connected with the hot wind inlet 17 of air-dry apparatus 1 by airduct 5, and the high-temperature hot-air after heat exchange leads to
Cross airduct 5 to flow in air-dry apparatus 1 from hot wind inlet 17 straw is dried.
In order to preferably reduce the cooling effect of powdered carbon, being provided with cooling tube 46 in powdered carbon passage 47, cooling tube 46 is at charcoal
The radially layout of powder passage 47 three layers, and Heterogeneous Permutation, cold wind is entered by the entrance of cooling tube, discharges (also from its outlet
Accessible hot-blast outlet 42), make high temperature powdered carbon contact with cooling tube 46 in powdered carbon passage 47, quickly reduce powdered carbon after carbonization
Temperature.
Pyrolysis gas heat exchanger 5, including box heat exchanger 51, heat exchanger tube 52, water conservancy diversion case 53 and liquid collection bucket 54, changes
Heat pipe 52 is vertically installed in box heat exchanger 51, water conservancy diversion case 53 at least two, is arranged on the outside of box heat exchanger 51
(namely water conservancy diversion case 53 is arranged on the outside of box heat exchanger 51, and is positioned at box heat exchanger 51 top, water conservancy diversion case on top
8 is hood-shaped) form diversion cavity 55 between water conservancy diversion case 53 and the outer wall of box heat exchanger 51, heat exchanger tube 52 connects with diversion cavity；
Liquid collection bucket 54 is arranged on the outer lower portion of box heat exchanger 51, and described heat exchanger tube 52 connects with liquid collection bucket 54；Described
The top of water conservancy diversion case 53 be provided with venting 56, venting is provided with rupture pressure disc.It is respectively equipped with cooling water on hot device casing 51
Import and coolant outlet, be additionally provided with gas feed and gas outlet, forms cooling between heat exchanger tube 52 and box heat exchanger 51
Aquaporin, cooling water is passed through box heat exchanger 51 from cooling water inlet, and cooled aquaporin and the high-temperature hot in heat exchanger tube 52
Solving gas and carry out heat exchange, the cooling water after heat exchange flows out from coolant outlet, and liquid collection bucket 54 at least two is (with kuppe
Shell 53 is corresponding), its liquid being liquefied in biomass collection pyrolysis gas, liquid collection bucket 54 is arranged on heat exchanger case
The outer lower portion of body 51, described heat exchanger tube 52 connects with liquid collection bucket 54.
Centrifugal decoking machine 6 includes centrifugal cylinder 61, negative pressure cylinder 62 and centrifugal body 67, and centrifugal cylinder 61 is provided with air inlet 63, negative
Cylinder pressure 62 is connected by blind flange with centrifugal cylinder 61, and described centrifugal body 67 is positioned at centrifugal cylinder 61, and centrifugal body 67 includes centrifugal point
Flow tube 66, centrifugal isocon 66 passes vertically through blind flange and is positioned at centrifugal cylinder 61 and centrifugal isocon 66(that is one piece of negative pressure cylinder 62
Pipe, negative pressure cylinder 62 is separate with centrifugal cylinder 61, is communicated by centrifugal isocon 66), blind flange is by centrifugal isocon 66 points
Being divided into two sections, one section is positioned at centrifugal cylinder 61, and another section is positioned at negative pressure cylinder 62, and centrifugal isocon 66 is connected with rotating mechanism
(not shown), the outside of the centrifugal isocon 66 being positioned at centrifugal cylinder 61 arranges filter screen 69, and centrifugal isocon 66 is provided with
Passage 68, centrifugal cylinder 61 is provided with tar outlet 65；The centrifugal isocon 66 being positioned at negative pressure cylinder 62 is provided with passage 68,
Negative pressure cylinder 62 is provided with gas outlet 64, and gas outlet 64 is connected with induced-draught fan, and gas outlet 64 is connected with air accumulator 7 by induced-draught fan.
The top of centrifugal cylinder 51 sets Packed upper flange lid, and the upper end of centrifugal isocon 66 passes upper flange by rotating shaft
Lid, is provided with spring bearing in upper flange lid, rotating shaft is connected with belt pulley by supporting bearing base.
The bottom of negative pressure cylinder 52 is provided with bearing block, arranges lower supporting bearing in bearing block, and the rotating shaft of centrifugal isocon 66 is led to
Cross lower supporting bearing to be fixed on bearing block.The bottom of negative pressure cylinder 52 is additionally provided with tar outlet, due to long-play, and centrifugal point
The tar that flow tube 66 unavoidably separates thus is discharged.
Centrifugal its operation principle of decoking machine 6: the mode of employing negative pressure is to the tar separation in biogas body, in gas outlet
End connects induced-draught fan, and after gas enters centrifugal cylinder by air inlet, due to the effect of induced-draught fan, the air pressure of negative pressure cylinder reduces, from
Passage on heart isocon makes its air pressure inside reduce, and biological fuel gas is inhaled in centrifugal isocon in centrifugal cylinder, makes
Tar in biological fuel gas is adsorbed by filter screen, will not form vaporific tar, due to the rotation of centrifugal body, at the work of centrifugal force
Under with, absorption tar on filter screen can not can only be attached to screen surface along filter screen to centrifugal isocon internal diffusion, i.e. tar,
Fall under the influence of centrifugal force in centrifugal cylinder, discharge from tar outlet, and gas outlet expellant gas (or sucked by induced-draught fan
Gas) be qualified gas, the tar i.e. separated will not be formed vaporific, also will not diffuse to gas outlet (or exhaust passage),
Improve decoking effect, so that biomass pyrolytic gas meets technological requirement.
Claims (10)
1. a biomass continuous decomposition process, it is characterised in that: comprise the steps:
(1) biomass material is sent into air-dry apparatus to be dried, utilize propulsion plant to push dried biomass material
Retort, is compressed biomass material in progradation；
(2) biomass material after compression is decomposed, after biomass material reaches decomposition temperature in retort igniting:
A. open gas collecting valve and gather the gas that biomass decomposition produces, by the gas filtration collected, cool down and devoke, and
It is compressed to air accumulator, standby；
B. the biomass carbon after decomposing, sends into chiller, is passed through cold air at chiller and carries out heat exchange, after heat exchange
Biomass material is dried by the air-dry apparatus that steam is passed through in step (1)；
C. the biomass carbon after cooling is filtered by powdered carbon irony filter, then with pulverizer biomass carbon pulverized and wrap
Dress.
A kind of biomass continuous decomposition process the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step a also includes mistake
Gas after filter carries out oil-water separation, the tar of isolated, wood vinegar is stored.
3. the device of a biomass continuous decomposition process, it is characterised in that: include air-dry apparatus (1), propulsion plant (2), divide
Solve stove (3), chiller (4), pyrolysis gas heat exchanger (5), centrifugal decoking machine (6) and air accumulator (7), described air-dry apparatus
(1) top is charging aperture, and the discharging opening of bottom is connected with the charging aperture of propulsion plant (2), the discharging opening of described propulsion plant (2)
It is connected with dore furnace (3), between discharging opening and the dore furnace (3) of propulsion plant (2), is provided with the compression chamber for compressing straw bundle
(8), the gas production interface on dore furnace (3) is connected with the air inlet of pyrolysis gas heat exchanger (5), pyrolysis gas heat exchanger (5)
Gas outlet is connected with the air inlet of centrifugal decoking machine (6), and the gas outlet of centrifugal decoking machine (6) is connected with air accumulator (7)；Dore furnace
(3) discharging opening and chiller (4), described chiller (4) is provided with heat exchanging air duct, described heat exchanging air duct and air-dry apparatus
(1) hot wind inlet (17) on connects.
The device of biomass continuous decomposition process the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described air-dry apparatus
(1) including casing (11), controller (14) and hydraulic cylinder (15), casing (11) internal upper part is provided with control straw bundle (16) and falls
Push pedal (13), casing (11) interior bottom be provided with open and close discharging opening air door (12), described hot wind inlet (17) is located at
On casing (11), described push pedal (13) is connected with hydraulic cylinder (15) respectively with air door (12), described controller (14) and liquid
Cylinder pressure (15) is chain.
The device of biomass continuous decomposition process the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described propulsion plant (2)
Including cylinder body (21), one end of cylinder body (21) is connected with hydraulic cylinder (22), and the other end is connected with compression chamber (8), compression chamber (8) with
The charging aperture of dore furnace (3) connects, and described cylinder body (21) is provided with charging aperture (25), is provided with piston (24) in cylinder body (21), lives
Plug (24) is connected with hydraulic cylinder (22) by connecting rod.
The device of biomass continuous decomposition process the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: described compression chamber (8) is
One cylinder, is provided with conically shaped (27) in compression chamber (8), the inwall of conically shaped (27) is provided with thorn sheet (26), conically shaped (27) and pressure
Forming gas passage (28) between contracting chamber (8), compression chamber (8) is provided with the gas production interface (23) communicated with gas passage (28).
The device of biomass continuous decomposition process the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the housing of dore furnace (3)
It is made up of trocar sheath (31) and inner sleeve (31), between trocar sheath (31) and inner sleeve (31), forms interlayer (33), inner sleeve
(32) inwall is provided with flame retardant coating (34), and flame retardant coating (34) is provided with ignition ring (35)；Ignition ring (35) is in flame retardant coating (34)
Inwall on circumferentially lay.
The device of biomass continuous decomposition process the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described chiller
(4) including housing (41), described housing (41) is double Shell, forms cavity, be provided with dividing plate in cavity between double Shell
(45), dividing plate (45) is arranged twist along the circumferencial direction of housing (41), and cavity is separated into spiral type and changes by institute's dividing plate (45)
Hot-flow flue (44), housing (41) is provided with the cold wind import (43) and hot-blast outlet (42) communicated with heat exchanging air duct (44)；Hot blast
Outlet (42) is connected with the hot wind inlet (17) on air-dry apparatus (1).
The device of biomass continuous decomposition process the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described pyrolysis gas heat exchange
Device (5) includes box heat exchanger (51), heat exchanger tube (52), water conservancy diversion case (53) and liquid collection bucket (54), described heat exchanger tube
(52) being vertically installed in box heat exchanger (51), described water conservancy diversion case (53) is arranged on the outside of box heat exchanger (51)
Portion, forms diversion cavity (55), described heat exchanger tube (52) and water conservancy diversion between the outer wall of water conservancy diversion case (53) and box heat exchanger (51)
Chamber connects；Described liquid collection bucket (54) is arranged on the outer lower portion of box heat exchanger (51), described heat exchanger tube (52) and liquid
Collection bucket (54) connects；The top of described water conservancy diversion case (53) is provided with venting (56), and venting is provided with rupture pressure disc.
The device of biomass continuous decomposition process the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described centrifugal decoking machine
(6) including centrifugal cylinder (61), negative pressure cylinder (62) and centrifugal body (67), centrifugal cylinder (61) is provided with air inlet (63), described negative pressure
Cylinder (62) is connected by blind flange with centrifugal cylinder (61), and described centrifugal body (67) is positioned at centrifugal cylinder (61), centrifugal body (67) bag
Including centrifugal isocon (66), centrifugal isocon (66) passes vertically through blind flange and is positioned at centrifugal cylinder (61) and negative pressure cylinder (62), from
Heart isocon (66) is connected with rotating mechanism, and the outside of the centrifugal isocon (66) being positioned at centrifugal cylinder (61) arranges filter screen
(69), centrifugal isocon (66) is provided with passage (68), and centrifugal cylinder (61) is provided with tar outlet (65)；It is positioned at negative pressure cylinder
(62) the centrifugal isocon (66) in is provided with passage (68), and negative pressure cylinder (62) is provided with gas outlet (64), gas outlet (64)
Being connected with induced-draught fan, gas outlet (64) are connected with air accumulator (7) by induced-draught fan.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108157072A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-06-15 | 天津乾贞缘节能环保科技有限公司 | A kind of ecological agriculture circulatory system |
| CN110885081A (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2020-03-17 | 石门楚晶新材料有限责任公司 | Graphite carbonization method based on high-temperature gasification impurity removal |
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| CN101372624A (en) * | 2008-10-09 | 2009-02-25 | 熊晓明 | Method for preparing carbon, gas, oil and solution in scale by thermally cracking biomass material |
| CN102226092A (en) * | 2011-05-30 | 2011-10-26 | 南京师范大学 | Continuous biomass low-temperature pyrolytic charring method and charring furnace thereof |
| CN102643657A (en) * | 2012-04-28 | 2012-08-22 | 郑州大学生化工程中心 | Continuous biomass carbonization process |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101372624A (en) * | 2008-10-09 | 2009-02-25 | 熊晓明 | Method for preparing carbon, gas, oil and solution in scale by thermally cracking biomass material |
| CN102226092A (en) * | 2011-05-30 | 2011-10-26 | 南京师范大学 | Continuous biomass low-temperature pyrolytic charring method and charring furnace thereof |
| CN102643657A (en) * | 2012-04-28 | 2012-08-22 | 郑州大学生化工程中心 | Continuous biomass carbonization process |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108157072A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-06-15 | 天津乾贞缘节能环保科技有限公司 | A kind of ecological agriculture circulatory system |
| CN110885081A (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2020-03-17 | 石门楚晶新材料有限责任公司 | Graphite carbonization method based on high-temperature gasification impurity removal |
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Address after: No. 2-1, Building 1, No. 2, Wenmiao Square, Deyang, Sichuan 618000 Patentee after: Sichuan Dayu Zhonghe Biomass Energy Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 618000 f2-1, No. 211, Changjiang East Road, Deyang City, Sichuan Province Patentee before: SICHUAN DAYU ZHONGHE AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT CO.,LTD. |