CN104174854A - Method for manufacturing miniature tungsten-based alloy part - Google Patents

Method for manufacturing miniature tungsten-based alloy part Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104174854A
CN104174854A CN201410331988.XA CN201410331988A CN104174854A CN 104174854 A CN104174854 A CN 104174854A CN 201410331988 A CN201410331988 A CN 201410331988A CN 104174854 A CN104174854 A CN 104174854A
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powder
alloy part
degreasing
tungsten
sintering
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CN201410331988.XA
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CN104174854B (en
Inventor
纪国章
林舜天
何建久
孟坤全
陈璟文
祁新亮
王大伟
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KUNSHAN ANTAI MEIKE METAL MATERIALS Co Ltd
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KUNSHAN ANTAI MEIKE METAL MATERIALS Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to a manufacturing method for a tungsten-based alloy part, and aims to provide a method for manufacturing a miniature tungsten-based alloy part. By the method, easiness in mold filling is ensured, a green body is strong in strength and high in conformality, a requirement on sintering temperature is low, and a finished product has a compact metallographic structure. The manufacturing method for the tungsten-based alloy part comprises the six steps of material taking, composite plating, mixing, injection molding, green body degreasing and sintering, wherein the composite plating step is significant for the technical effects of the method.

Description

A kind of method of preparing miniature tungsten-bast alloy part
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of metal injection molded technology, particularly relate to a kind of preparation method of tungsten-bast alloy part.
Background technology
Metal injection molded (MIM) develops new technology the most rapidly in field of powder metallurgy now, also be the new technology of metal forming, be called as " the 5th generation " metal forming method, aspect geometrical shape making complexity, even, the high performance nearly clean shape parts of institutional framework, there is unique advantage.
Tungsten base high-specific-gravity alloy taking tungsten as primary raw material is (as W-Ni-Fe, W-Ni-Cu etc.) there is high strength, high density, high red hardness, low-expansion coefficient and splendid unique performance advantage such as antifriction consumption, corrosion resistance, therefore in stratosphere, national defense industry and civilian industry, obtain application very widely.Also just because of the as above excellent performance of tungsten-bast alloy, it is just regarded as the preferred raw materials in metal injection molded field.
The technique that adopts metal injection molded technology to inject product to tungsten-bast alloy is at present mostly similar, the disclosed a kind of tungsten-bast alloy product technique of Chinese patent CN103056372A is more representative, and the technique that the disclosure patent provides comprises: get the raw materials ready, mix join powder, prepare feeding, injection moulding, degreasing, sintering.Find to exist two problems in carrying out the process of product using this technique: one, adopt commonsense method to mix and join powder, the dispersion of each metal dust is also inhomogeneous, thereby in order to make the dispersed structure of substrate phase and decentralized photo even, actual sintered temperature and sintering time all exceed theoretical value; Its two, due to the surface characteristic of tungsten powder, in the feeding of preparation, metal dust content is lower than 50VOI%, thereby the mobility of feeding is very strong, solidifying plasticity is poor, and therefore the ejaculation of thin becomes difficulty, and the excessive easy distortion of amount of contraction when sintering, and size Control becomes difficulty.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of preparing miniature tungsten-bast alloy part, adopt and be easy in this way fill type, green strength is high, conformality good, and sintering temperature requires low, the densification of finished product structure.
A kind of method of preparing miniature tungsten-bast alloy part of the present invention, comprises the steps:
1) feeding: take respectively each metal dust.Wherein, each metal dust is chosen as W, Fe and Ni, and the mass ratio of each metal dust is Ni:Fe=9:1~5:5, W:(Ni+Fe)=90:10~98:2; Or each metal dust is chosen as W, Cu and Ni, and the mass ratio of each metal dust is Ni:Cu=9:1~5:5, W:(Ni+Cu)=90:10~98:2;
2) composite deposite: described Fe powder/Cu powder and Ni powder are plated on successively W powder surface by the mode with composite deposite; Store for future use through the W of composite deposite powder;
3) mixing: first binding agent to be added to heat fused in banbury, then add through the W of composite deposite powder in batches form mixed liquor to bonding agent, until the percent by volume in mixed liquor is 55%~60% through the W of composite deposite powder; At the temperature of 100 DEG C~180 DEG C mixing 1~2 hour;
4) injection moulding: the moulding of micro injection molding mold injects is installed on injection (mo(u)lding) machine, obtains the miniature tungsten-bast alloy part green compact of required form;
5) green compact degreasing: adopt two degreasing process, i.e. solvent degreasing and hot degreasing; First in normal heptane solvent, green compact are carried out to degreasing in 1~6 hour; Carry out hot degreasing, hot degreasing is carried out under vacuum environment again.
6) sintering: the green compact after degreasing are carried out in vacuum drying oven to sintering, sintering temperature is 1200 DEG C~1500 DEG C; So far obtain miniature tungsten-bast alloy part.
A kind of method of preparing miniature tungsten-bast alloy part of the present invention, wherein said binding agent is 30PP-10PE-58PW-2SA.
A kind of method of preparing miniature tungsten-bast alloy part of the present invention, injection temperature when wherein said injection moulding is 110 DEG C~160 DEG C.
A kind of method of preparing miniature tungsten-bast alloy part of the present invention, sintering temperature when wherein said sintering is 1460 DEG C, sintering time is 10~20 minutes.
A kind of method of preparing miniature tungsten-bast alloy part of the present invention has adopted compound plating technology to process each powder, be plated on successively W powder surface by Fe powder/copper powder and Ni powder, for existing common hybrid technology, the uniformity of each metal dust significantly improves.Also just based on this reason, in follow-up sintering process, only need to can realize green compact lower than the temperature of existing sintering technology reaches sintering densification fast, and required sintering time is existing short for existing sintering technology.After adopting in addition compound plating technology to process each powder, the surface characteristic of metal powder granulates is improved, and then the ability of binding agent loading metal dust is increased dramatically, thereby the mixing feeding mobility obtaining is less, thereby be more conducive to the injection moulding of tungsten alloy thin-wall part, greatly improve the yield rate of product.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, a kind of method of preparing miniature tungsten-bast alloy part of the present invention is described further.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure figure that uses the tungsten-bast alloy part prepared of prior art;
Fig. 2 is the structure figure that uses the tungsten-bast alloy part prepared of technology provided by the invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment mono-:
A kind of method of preparing miniature tungsten-bast alloy part of the present invention, comprises the steps:
1) feeding: take respectively each metal dust.Wherein, each metal powder is chosen as W, Fe and Ni.
2) composite deposite: described Fe powder and Ni powder are plated on successively W powder surface by the mode with composite deposite; Store for future use through the W of composite deposite powder.
3) mixing: first binding agent 30PP-10PE-58PW-2SA to be added to heat fused in banbury, first binding agent is added to heat fused in banbury, add again through the W of composite deposite powder in batches and form mixed liquor to bonding agent, until the percent by volume in mixed liquor is 55% through the W of composite deposite powder; At the temperature of 100 DEG C mixing 2 hours.
4) injection moulding: the moulding of micro injection molding mold injects is installed on injection (mo(u)lding) machine, obtains the miniature tungsten-bast alloy part green compact of required form, injection temperature when described injection moulding is 110 DEG C.
5) green compact degreasing: adopt two degreasing process, i.e. solvent degreasing and hot degreasing; First in normal heptane solvent, green compact are carried out to degreasing in 1 hour; Carry out hot degreasing, hot degreasing is carried out under vacuum environment again.
6) sintering: the green compact after degreasing are carried out in vacuum drying oven to sintering, sintering temperature is 1200 DEG C, and sintering time is 10 minutes.So far obtain miniature tungsten-bast alloy part.
Wherein the second step compound plating technology in above-mentioned steps is as follows in detail:
A) in the surface plating iron of W powder.First the mixed liquor of n-dodecane and two octyl methyl tertiary amines is heated to 100 DEG C; Then in this mixed liquor, add W powder and Fe (CO) successively 5powder; Then mixeding liquid temperature is heated to 180 DEG C gradually, and continues this temperature 4 hours.Finally extract W-Fe powder.
B) at W-Fe plated surface Ni.The W-Fe powder that previous step is refined adds the NiCl of 90 DEG C 2﹒ 6H 2o, N 2h 4﹒ H 2o, NHCl, Na 3c 6h 5o 7﹒ 2H 2in O mixed liquor, until the PH of mixed liquor is 9.Finally extract W-Fe-Ni powder.
In the present embodiment, the composition of binding agent 30PP-10PE-58PW-2SA is: by percentage to the quality, and 30% polypropylene, 10% polyethylene, 58% paraffin, 2% stearic acid.Binding agent 30PP30PP-10PE-58PW-2SA can also be replaced by other binding agent in addition, such as: paraffin content is not less than 30% wax-based binder by percentage to the quality; Or encircle by percentage to the quality polyacetals content and be not less than 70% non-wax-based binder.
In order to make three kinds of finished products under different metal powder mixture ratio, the proportioning situation of each metal dust is selected as follows:
Proportioning one
Ni:Fe=9:1,W:(Ni+Fe)=90:10;
Proportioning two
Ni:Fe=5:5,W:(Ni+Fe)=98:2;
Proportioning three
Ni:Fe=9:5,W:(Ni+Fe)=95:5;
First utilize above-mentioned three kinds of metal dust mix proportion schemes, use a kind of method of preparing miniature tungsten-bast alloy part of the present invention to prepare nine miniature tungsten-bast alloy parts.
Utilize in addition above-mentioned three kinds of metal dust mix proportion schemes, use the method for the miniature tungsten-bast alloy part of existing preparation to prepare nine miniature tungsten-bast alloy parts, the method for the miniature tungsten-bast alloy part of so-called existing preparation is exactly with the disclosed preparation method of Chinese patent CN103056372A.
By ultrasonic nondestructive test equipment, the part of being prepared by two kinds of methods being carried out to yield rate inspection finds:
9 parts preparing with the inventive method are all qualified products;
9 part qualified products preparing with existing method have 7,2 of defect wares.
Embodiment bis-
A kind of method of preparing miniature tungsten-bast alloy part of the present invention, comprises the steps:
1) feeding: take respectively each metal dust.Wherein, each metal powder is chosen as W, Cu and Ni.
2) composite deposite: described Cu powder and Ni powder are plated on successively W powder surface by the mode with composite deposite; Store for future use through the W of composite deposite powder.
3) mixing: first binding agent 30PP-10PE-58PW-2SA to be added to heat fused in banbury, then add through the W of composite deposite powder in batches form mixed liquor to bonding agent, until the percent by volume in mixed liquor is 58% through the W of composite deposite powder; At the temperature of 160 DEG C mixing 1.5 hours.
4) injection moulding: the moulding of micro injection molding mold injects is installed on injection (mo(u)lding) machine, obtains the miniature tungsten-bast alloy part green compact of required form, injection temperature when described injection moulding is 140 DEG C.
5) green compact degreasing: adopt two degreasing process, i.e. solvent degreasing and hot degreasing; First in normal heptane solvent, green compact are carried out to degreasing in 3 hours; Carry out hot degreasing, hot degreasing is carried out under vacuum environment again.
6) sintering: the green compact after degreasing are carried out in vacuum drying oven to sintering, sintering temperature is 1460 DEG C, and sintering time is 18 minutes.So far obtain miniature tungsten-bast alloy part.
Wherein the second step compound plating technology in above-mentioned steps is as follows in detail:
A) adopt the mode of electroless plating at W powder plated surface Cu.W powder, CuSO4 ﹒ 5H2O2, HCHO, etamon chloride are mixed at the temperature of 50 DEG C, until solution PH is 13.Then extract W-Cu powder.
B) at W-Cu plated surface Ni.The W-Cu powder extracting in previous step is added to the NiCl of 90 DEG C 2﹒ 6H 2o, N 2h 4﹒ H 2o, NHCl, Na 3c 6h 5o 7﹒ 2H 2in O mixed liquor, until the PH of the mixed liquor of mixed liquor is 9.Finally extract W-Cu-Ni powder.
In the present embodiment, the composition of binding agent 30PP-10PE-58PW-2SA is: by percentage to the quality, and 30% polypropylene, 10% polyethylene, 58% paraffin, 2% stearic acid.Binding agent 30PP30PP-10PE-58PW-2SA can also be replaced by other binding agent in addition, such as: paraffin content is not less than 30% wax-based binder by percentage to the quality; Or encircle by percentage to the quality polyacetals content and be not less than 70% non-wax-based binder.
In order to make three kinds of finished products under different metal powder mixture ratio, the proportioning situation of each metal dust is selected as follows:
Proportioning one
Ni:Cu=9:1,W:(Ni?Cu)=90:10;
Proportioning two
Ni:Cu=5:5,W:(Ni?Cu)=98:2;
Proportioning three
Ni:Cu=9:4,W:(Ni?Cu)=95:4;
First utilize above-mentioned three kinds of metal dust mix proportion schemes, use a kind of method of preparing miniature tungsten-bast alloy part of the present invention to prepare nine miniature tungsten-bast alloy parts.
Utilize in addition above-mentioned three kinds of metal dust mix proportion schemes, use the method for the miniature tungsten-bast alloy part of existing preparation to prepare nine miniature tungsten-bast alloy parts, the method for the miniature tungsten-bast alloy part of so-called existing preparation is exactly with the disclosed preparation method of Chinese patent CN103056372A.
By ultrasonic nondestructive test equipment, the part of being prepared by two kinds of methods being carried out to yield rate inspection finds:
9 parts preparing with the inventive method are all qualified products;
9 part qualified products preparing with existing method have 8,1 of defect ware.
Embodiment tri-
A kind of method of preparing miniature tungsten-bast alloy part of the present invention, comprises the steps:
1) feeding: take respectively each metal dust.Wherein, each metal powder is chosen as W, Cu and Ni.
2) composite deposite: described Cu powder and Ni powder are plated on successively W powder surface by the mode with composite deposite; Store for future use through the W of composite deposite powder.
3) mixing: first binding agent 30PP-10PE-58PW-2SA to be added to heat fused in banbury, then add through the W of composite deposite powder in batches form mixed liquor to bonding agent, until the percent by volume in mixed liquor is 60% through the W of composite deposite powder; At the temperature of 180 DEG C mixing 1 hour.
4) injection moulding: the moulding of micro injection molding mold injects is installed on injection (mo(u)lding) machine, obtains the miniature tungsten-bast alloy part green compact of required form, injection temperature when described injection moulding is 160 DEG C.
5) green compact degreasing: adopt two degreasing process, i.e. solvent degreasing and hot degreasing; First in normal heptane solvent, green compact are carried out to degreasing in 6 hours; Carry out hot degreasing, hot degreasing is carried out under vacuum environment again.
6) sintering: the green compact after degreasing are carried out in vacuum drying oven to sintering, sintering temperature is 1500 DEG C, and sintering time is 20 minutes.So far obtain miniature tungsten-bast alloy part.
Wherein the second step compound plating technology in above-mentioned steps is as follows in detail:
A) adopt the mode of electroless plating at W powder plated surface Cu.W powder, CuSO4 ﹒ 5H2O2, HCHO, etamon chloride are mixed at the temperature of 50 DEG C, until solution PH is 13.Then extract W-Cu powder.
B) at W-Cu plated surface Ni.The W-Cu powder extracting in previous step is added to the NiCl of 90 DEG C 2﹒ 6H 2o, N 2h 4﹒ H 2o, NHCl, Na 3c 6h 5o 7﹒ 2H 2in O mixed liquor, until the PH of the mixed liquor of mixed liquor is 9.Finally extract W-Cu-Ni powder.
In the present embodiment, the composition of binding agent 30PP-10PE-58PW-2SA is: by percentage to the quality, and 30% polypropylene, 10% polyethylene, 58% paraffin, 2% stearic acid.Binding agent 30PP30PP-10PE-58PW-2SA can also be replaced by other binding agent in addition, such as: paraffin content is not less than 30% wax-based binder by percentage to the quality; Or encircle by percentage to the quality polyacetals content and be not less than 70% non-wax-based binder.
In order to make three kinds of finished products under different metal powder mixture ratio, the proportioning situation of each metal dust is selected as follows:
Proportioning one
Ni:Cu=9:1,W:(Ni?Cu)=90:10;
Proportioning two
Ni:Cu=5:5,W:(Ni?Cu)=98:2;
Proportioning three
Ni:Cu=9:7,W:(Ni?Cu)=93:7;
First utilize above-mentioned three kinds of metal dust mix proportion schemes, use a kind of method of preparing miniature tungsten-bast alloy part of the present invention to prepare nine miniature tungsten-bast alloy parts.
Utilize in addition above-mentioned three kinds of metal dust mix proportion schemes, use the method for the miniature tungsten-bast alloy part of existing preparation to prepare nine miniature tungsten-bast alloy parts, the method for the miniature tungsten-bast alloy part of so-called existing preparation is exactly with the disclosed preparation method of Chinese patent CN103056372A.
By ultrasonic nondestructive test equipment, the part of being prepared by two kinds of methods being carried out to yield rate inspection finds:
9 parts preparing with the inventive method are all qualified products;
9 part qualified products preparing with existing method have 7,2 of defect wares.
Randomly draw miniature tungsten-bast alloy part prepared by miniature tungsten-bast alloy part that an application the present invention makes and existing technique of application from tri-kinds of embodiment mono-, embodiment bis-and embodiment and do structure inspection.The structure of checking as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2.As can be seen from Figure 1 apply miniature tungsten-bast alloy part composition prepared by existing technique and disperse inhomogeneously, as can be seen from Figure 2 apply the miniature tungsten-bast alloy part composition that the present invention makes and disperse more even.Thereby method provided by the invention is more conducive to the production of miniature tungsten-bast alloy part
Comprehensive embodiment mono-, embodiment bis-and embodiment tri-can find out that the tungsten-bast alloy finished part rate that uses a kind of method of preparing miniature tungsten-bast alloy part of the present invention to make is higher, have good application prospect.
Above-described embodiment is described the preferred embodiment of the present invention; not scope of the present invention is limited; design under the prerequisite of spirit not departing from the present invention; various distortion and improvement that those of ordinary skill in the art make technical scheme of the present invention, all should fall in the definite protection domain of the claims in the present invention book.

Claims (4)

1. a method of preparing miniature tungsten-bast alloy part, comprises the steps:
1) feeding: take respectively each metal dust, wherein, each metal dust is chosen as W, Fe and Ni, and the mass ratio of each metal dust is Ni:Fe=9:1~5:5, W:(Ni+Fe)=90:10~98:2; Or each metal dust is chosen as W, Cu and Ni, and the mass ratio of each metal dust is Ni:Cu=9:1~5:5, W:(Ni+Cu)=90:10~98:2;
2) composite deposite: described Fe powder/Cu powder and Ni powder are plated on successively W powder surface by the mode with composite deposite; Store for future use through the W of composite deposite powder;
3) mixing: first binding agent to be added to heat fused in banbury, then add through the W of composite deposite powder in batches form mixed liquor to bonding agent, until the percent by volume in mixed liquor is 55%~60% through the W of composite deposite powder; At the temperature of 100 DEG C~180 DEG C mixing 1~2 hour;
4) injection moulding: the moulding of micro injection molding mold injects is installed on injection (mo(u)lding) machine, obtains the miniature tungsten-bast alloy part green compact of required form;
5) green compact degreasing: adopt two degreasing process, i.e. solvent degreasing and hot degreasing; First in normal heptane solvent, green compact are carried out to degreasing in 1~6 hour; Carry out hot degreasing, hot degreasing is carried out under vacuum environment again;
6) sintering: the green compact after degreasing are carried out in vacuum drying oven to sintering, sintering temperature is 1200 DEG C~1500 DEG C; So far obtain miniature tungsten-bast alloy part.
2. a kind of method of preparing miniature tungsten-bast alloy part according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described binding agent is 30PP-10PE-58PW-2SA.
3. a kind of method of preparing miniature tungsten-bast alloy part according to claim 1, is characterized in that: injection temperature when described injection moulding is 110 DEG C~160 DEG C.
4. a kind of method of preparing miniature tungsten-bast alloy part according to claim 1, is characterized in that: sintering temperature when described sintering is 1460 DEG C, sintering time is 10~20 minutes.
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Cited By (8)

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CN105154700A (en) * 2015-09-24 2015-12-16 瑞声精密制造科技(常州)有限公司 Heavy-density tungsten alloy
CN105251992A (en) * 2015-11-25 2016-01-20 宁波渝鑫金属粉末科技有限公司 Preparation method of alloy counterweight block injected and molded by powder
CN105562696A (en) * 2016-01-11 2016-05-11 江西理工大学 Metal 3D printing method
CN106282624A (en) * 2016-08-10 2017-01-04 中山市奥博精密科技有限公司 A kind of high-gravity tungsten-base alloy and preparation method thereof
CN107737951A (en) * 2017-10-18 2018-02-27 北京科技大学 A kind of preparation method of superfine crystal tungsten-based gas spark switch electrode
CN109226770A (en) * 2018-11-12 2019-01-18 深圳艾利佳材料科技有限公司 A kind of tungsten-copper alloy ultrasound plasticizing injection moulding forming method and device
CN110172598A (en) * 2018-12-13 2019-08-27 苏州赛特锐精密机械配件有限公司 A kind of method of co-injection preparation bi-component tungsten-copper alloy
CN110527886A (en) * 2019-09-02 2019-12-03 广州市华司特合金制品有限公司 A kind of clock and watch are again vertical and preparation method thereof

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105154700A (en) * 2015-09-24 2015-12-16 瑞声精密制造科技(常州)有限公司 Heavy-density tungsten alloy
CN105251992A (en) * 2015-11-25 2016-01-20 宁波渝鑫金属粉末科技有限公司 Preparation method of alloy counterweight block injected and molded by powder
CN105562696A (en) * 2016-01-11 2016-05-11 江西理工大学 Metal 3D printing method
CN106282624A (en) * 2016-08-10 2017-01-04 中山市奥博精密科技有限公司 A kind of high-gravity tungsten-base alloy and preparation method thereof
CN107737951A (en) * 2017-10-18 2018-02-27 北京科技大学 A kind of preparation method of superfine crystal tungsten-based gas spark switch electrode
CN107737951B (en) * 2017-10-18 2019-09-10 北京科技大学 A kind of preparation method of superfine crystal tungsten-based gas spark switch electrode
CN109226770A (en) * 2018-11-12 2019-01-18 深圳艾利佳材料科技有限公司 A kind of tungsten-copper alloy ultrasound plasticizing injection moulding forming method and device
CN110172598A (en) * 2018-12-13 2019-08-27 苏州赛特锐精密机械配件有限公司 A kind of method of co-injection preparation bi-component tungsten-copper alloy
CN110527886A (en) * 2019-09-02 2019-12-03 广州市华司特合金制品有限公司 A kind of clock and watch are again vertical and preparation method thereof

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