CN104170786A - Culture pond system capable of improving energy efficiency - Google Patents
Culture pond system capable of improving energy efficiency Download PDFInfo
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- CN104170786A CN104170786A CN201410415815.6A CN201410415815A CN104170786A CN 104170786 A CN104170786 A CN 104170786A CN 201410415815 A CN201410415815 A CN 201410415815A CN 104170786 A CN104170786 A CN 104170786A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a culture pond, belongs to the field of pond culture engineering and provides a culture pond system capable of improving energy efficiency. The culture pond system is characterized in that predacious fish and filter-feeding and omnivorous fish are cultured in one pond separately, a flowing water culture pond area for culturing the predacious fish of different specifications is constructed on 20% of the water surface of the pond, and 80% of the water surface of the pond is a filter-feeding and omnivorous fish culture area; the flowing water culture pond area is composed of multiple rows of fish ponds arranged centralizedly, each row of fish ponds forms a culture unit via fish ponds of three specifications, and the fish ponds of the three specifications are a corner-cut square adult fish culture pond, a rectangular large-size fingerling culture pond and a small-size fingerling culture pond respectively; a water turbine is mounted on one side of the flowing water culture pond area, a surge disturbance machine is mounted at the water collection end of the flowing water culture pond area, and a sewage collection and discharge pipe is mounted on the outer side of each adult fish pond; partition walls are arranged in the middles of the flowing water culture pond area and the filter-feeding and omnivorous fish culture pond area, water flow passages are arranged on two sides of each partition wall, and the partition walls and guide walls arranged in the middle of the filter-feeding and omnivorous fish culture pond area guide water flow together.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to pond culture field, relate in particular to a kind of cultivating pool system that improves efficiency of pond facility cultural technique.
Background technology
Pond culture is the main aquaculture mode of China, and because industry development level is not high, the facility degree of pond culture is at present very low, and most cultivating pools are taked traditional hole formula structure, exists cultivation efficiency not high, the low inferior problem of benefit.In recent years, along with the raising of pond culture demand, facilityization cultivation in pond becomes the new direction of development.Current domestic pond facility technology mainly concentrates on into aspects such as pumping equipment, the construction of food platform, bank protection optimizations, promotes cultivation efficiency effect not high.Although researched and proposed pond partition type cultivation isotype abroad, due to differences such as breed variety, modes of operation, be not suitable for China's cultivation feature.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of cultivating pool system that improves efficiency, realization cultivates the fish of multiple different size different cultivars in a pond, and avoid variety classes, specification fish to raise together with the adverse effect of bringing, meet the growth behavior of different cultivars fish, the object of collection dirt, discharging pollution, raising pond culture efficiency and ecological efficiency and benefit simultaneously.
Technical scheme
A kind of cultivating pool system that improves efficiency, it is characterized in that: in a pond, cut apart cultivation and eat feeding fish and filter ominivore-fish, 20% water surface in pond builds the flowing water culture Chi Qu that cultivation different size is eaten feeding fish, and 80% water surface in pond is cultivation filter ominivore-fish culture zone;
Described flowing water culture Chi Qu is comprised of many rows fishpond of concentrated setting, each fishpond surrounding is provided with partition wall, every row fishpond is a cultivation unit by the fishpond group of three kinds of specifications, the fishpond of three kinds of specifications is respectively the square adult fish culture of corner cut pond, rectangle large size fingerling culturing pool and rectangle small dimension fingerling culturing pool, and the Area Ratio in three kinds of fishponds is 7:3.5:1; The fish of different size on the dividing wall butted line position of two rectangle fingerling culturing pools in each cultivation unit, was provided with fish lock door, for can be sieved to corresponding culturing pool;
In described flowing water culture pond district, one side is installed the hydraulic turbine of low lift and large flow rate, at flowing water culture Chi Qu, catchments and holds the disturbance machine of surging of installing, in the middle of described flowing water culture Chi Qu and filter ominivore-fish culture zone, be provided with dividing wall, there is water stream channel dividing wall both sides, guide current together with the training wall arranging in the middle of filter ominivore-fish culture zone, the water stream channel that the described hydraulic turbine arranges a side flows to the exhalant canal of filter ominivore-fish culture zone for promoting current from flowing water culture Chi Qu, in described filter ominivore-fish culture zone, be parallel to ingoing stream direction and be provided with one or many stifled training wall, the channel flow that current are arranged according to training wall in described filter ominivore-fish culture zone, from the water stream channel of dividing wall opposite side, flow out filter ominivore-fish culture zone, along intake tunnel, flow into again the water inlet in each fishpond of flowing water culture Chi Qu, in fishpond, be provided with drainpipe, described drainpipe is communicated with drainage ditch, drainage ditch is communicated with surge disturbance machine and the hydraulic turbine,
The bottom in the square adult fish culture of described corner cut pond is middle low high pan bottom shape around, Chi Di establishes at center dirty mouthful of collection, blow-off pipe at the bottom of connection pool, described blow-off pipe communicated drainage canal and collection dirt, discharging pollution pipe, externally be discharged in drainage ditch or by airlift pump soil pick-up to collection dirt, discharging pollution pipe, after focus on discharge.
Further, described flowing water culture Chi Qu is comprised of the three row fishponds that are arranged side by side, and is followed successively by the first cultivation unit from exhalant canal to intake tunnel, the second cultivation unit and the 3rd cultivation unit, described the first and second cultivation units shared intake tunnels, the second and the 3rd cultivation units shared drainage ditch.
Further, described flowing water culture Chi Qu fishpond water inlet adopts sluice gate structure, draining is controlled by drawing dirty discharging device, water inlet consists of graticule mesh and flashboard, describedly draw dirty discharging device and comprise that the PVC perforation transverse tube of the pond bottom that is laid in and the spilling water intubate of connection form, described spilling water intubate is communicated in drainage ditch from fishpond, and the perforate of described perforation transverse tube is downward, aperture is 1cm, and the number of openings is 1.4 times of areas divided by each hole of described perforation transverse tube sectional area.
Further, square adult fish culture pond, angle is corner cut structure, and bottom is pan bottom shape, from center to the gradient around, is 1%, and dirty mouthful of collection is established at center, above covers and blocks fish sieve; Water inlet diagonal angle in adult fish culture pond, overflow pipe is installed as drainpipe in 1 meter of of the depth of water, for water circulation.
Further, the described hydraulic turbine that is arranged on flowing water culture pond adopts the low lift and large flow rate hydraulic turbine of 3 250m3/h, according to discharge, need adjust operation number of units, drive whole pond water to flow and circulation, the described disturbance machine of surging is installed one, with the hydraulic turbine, move, the dirt that discharge in the fishpond in disturbance flowing water culturing pool district, prevents deposition pollution.
Further, described training wall is provided with 3, makes flowing water culture pond district can form uniform current.
Further, at the bottom of the pond of described rectangle large size fingerling culturing pool and rectangle small dimension fingerling culturing pool, all from water inlet to drainpipe face tilt, gradient is 1%.
Beneficial effect
Cultivating system of the present invention can cultivate multiple fish in a pond, and the fish that avoid variety classes, specification are raised together with the impact bringing, make full use of and eat the cultivation filter ominivore-fish such as the residual bait of ight soil that feeding fish produces, there is the ecological niche of cutting apart, improve the effect of cultivation efficiency; Different fishponds structure and water distribution manner can meet the growth behavior of different fish simultaneously, and collection dirt, discharging pollution, can improve pond culture ecological efficiency and benefit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic top plan view of efficiency cultivating pool of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the current schematic diagram of efficiency cultivating pool of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is longitudinal schematic diagram that analyse and observe along diagonal in the fishpond of square structure of the present invention, and bottom is pan bottom shape.
Fig. 4 is longitudinal schematic diagram that analyse and observe along its length in the fishpond of rectangular configuration of the present invention, is respectively the fishpond communal drain signal of second unit and Unit the 3rd.
Fig. 5 is longitudinal schematic diagram that the fishpond broad ways of rectangular configuration of the present invention is analysed and observe.
Wherein: 1-flowing water culture Chi Qu, 2-filters ominivore-fish culture zone, 3-training wall, 4-small dimension fingerling culturing pool, 5-rectangle large size fingerling culturing pool, the square corner cut adult fish culture of 6-pond, 7-water inlet, 8-draws dirty discharging device, 9-drainpipe, 10-blow-off pipe, dirty mouthful of 11-collection, the 12-hydraulic turbine, the 13-disturbance machine of surging, 14-crosses fish lock door, 15-intake tunnel, 16-exhalant canal, 17-drainage ditch, 18-blowdown socket, 19-carries dirty pipe, 20-collection dirt, discharging pollution pipe, the 81-transverse tube of boring a hole, 82-spilling water intubate.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiments and the drawings, further set forth the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, efficiency cultivating pool is set:
1, utilize pond 20% water surface to build the flowing water culture pond district 1 of cultivation different size fish, the wealthy pool cultivation of all the other 80% waters surface is filtered ominivore-fish as filter ominivore-fish culture zone 2, and builds training wall 3.
2, flowing water culture pond district 1 adopts three row fishponds of two kinds of structures to form, and every row fishpond is a cultivation unit by the fishpond group of three kinds of specifications; Two kinds of structures are respectively square corner cut adult fish culture pond 6, rectangle large size fingerling culturing pool 5 and small dimension fingerling culturing pool 4; The fishpond of three kinds of specifications is respectively rectangle form pool and two kinds, square pond of corner cut form, the fingerling of two kinds of specifications of rectangle form pool cultivation size, and the pool cultivated adult fish of square corner cut, the fishpond of three kinds of specifications Area Ratio is from small to large 1:3.5:7.On the dividing wall butted line position of two seed culturing pools in each unit, be provided with fish lock door 14, can the fish of different size be arrived in corresponding culturing pool by block, realize and divide a specification, cultivation in batches, embody to take turns to mend to take turns and put principle, make full use of water body.
3, flowing water culture pond district 1 is cement brickwork construction, and the water (flow) direction in different fishponds, fluidised form, flow velocity etc. are adjustable respectively according to fish demand, and adopts the structure of water inlet, bottom blow-down above, not contamination design at the bottom of pond.
4, wealthy pool accounts for 80% of water surface for aquaculture, and centre is provided with 1～3 training wall, makes whole filter ominivore-fish culturing pool can form uniform current.
5, the 1 installation low lift and large flow rate hydraulic turbine 12 in flowing water culture pond district, can need operation according to discharge, drives whole pond water to flow and circulation.The end device that catchments in the flowing water culture pond district 1 disturbance machine 13 of surging, with the hydraulic turbine 12 operations, the dirt that disturbance circulating water pool is discharged, prevents that deposition from polluting.
In the middle of the flowing water culture pond district 1 of described 20% water surface and the filter ominivore-fish culture zone of 80% water surface 2, be provided with dividing wall, there is water stream channel dividing wall both sides, guide current together with the training wall 3 arranging in the middle of filter ominivore-fish culture zone 2, the water stream channel that the described hydraulic turbine 12 arranges a side flows to the exhalant canal 16 of filter ominivore-fish culture zone for promoting current from flowing water culture Chi Qu, in described filter ominivore-fish culture zone 2, be parallel to ingoing stream direction and be provided with one or many stifled training wall 3, the channel flow that current are arranged according to training wall 3 in described filter ominivore-fish culture zone 2, from the water stream channel of dividing wall opposite side, flow out filter ominivore-fish culture zone 2, along intake tunnel 15, flow into again the water inlet 7 in each fishpond in flowing water culture pond district 1, in fishpond, be provided with drainpipe 9, described drainpipe 9 is communicated with drainage ditch 17, drainage ditch 17 is communicated with surge disturbance machine 13 and the hydraulic turbine 12.
The three row fishponds in described flowing water culture pond district 1 are followed successively by the first cultivation unit from exhalant canal 16 to intake tunnel 15, the second cultivation unit and the 3rd cultivation unit, described the first and second cultivation units shared intake tunnels 15, the second and the 3rd cultivation units shared drainage ditch 17, drainage ditch 17 is collected water and the dirt that discharge in fishpond, by the disturbance machine 13 of surging, moved together with the hydraulic turbine 12, dirt and water are promoted to flow to filter ominivore-fish culture zone 2.
At the bottom of the pond in described adult fish culture pond 6, be pan bottom shape, pond bottom blowdown pipe 10 can directly externally be discharged in drainage ditch 17 by blowdown socket 18, or is discharged into collection dirt, discharging pollution pipe 20 by airlift pump, then focuses on discharge.
The rectangle fishpond water inlet 7 in flowing water culture pond district 1 adopts sluice gate structure, draining is controlled by drawing dirty discharging device 8, water inlet 7 consists of graticule mesh and flashboard, describedly draw dirty discharging device 8 and comprise the PVC perforation transverse tube 81 of Ф 200U of the pond bottom that is laid in and spilling water intubate 82 compositions that are connected, described spilling water intubate 82 is communicated in drainage ditch 17 from fishpond, the perforate of described perforation transverse tube 81 is downward, be beneficial to and draw dirty and anti-silting up, aperture is 1cm, the number of openings is 1.4 times of areas divided by each hole of described perforation transverse tube sectional area, it is 1.4 times that perforated area adds up to described perforation transverse tube sectional area.。
The square adult fish culture of corner cut pond 6 is corner cut structure, and bottom is middle low high pan bottom shape around, the gradient 1%, and collection is established dirty mouthful 11 in center, above covers and blocks fish sieve; Dirty mouthful 11 of collection communicates with outside blowdown socket 18 by the PVC blow-off pipe 10 of the Ф 200U that lays, as blowdown, need, at fish tube drawing blowdown 3-5 minute after half an hour, discharge the miserable bait of ight soil that fish produce, water inlet diagonal angle in adult fish culture pond, overflow pipe is installed as drainpipe in 1 meter of of the depth of water, for water circulation.
The described hydraulic turbine 12 that is arranged on flowing water culture pond district 1 adopts the low lift and large flow rate hydraulic turbine of 3 250m3/h, according to discharge, need adjust operation number of units, drive whole pond water to flow and circulation, the described disturbance machine 13 of surging is installed one, with the hydraulic turbine 12 operations, the dirt that discharge in the fishpond in disturbance flowing water culturing pool district, prevents deposition pollution.
Claims (7)
1. a cultivating pool system that improves efficiency, it is characterized in that: in a pond, cut apart cultivation and eat feeding fish and filter ominivore-fish, 20% water surface in pond builds the flowing water culture Chi Qu that cultivation different size is eaten feeding fish, and 80% water surface in pond is filter ominivore-fish culture zone;
Described flowing water culture Chi Qu is comprised of many rows fishpond of concentrated setting, each fishpond surrounding is provided with partition wall, every row fishpond is a cultivation unit by the fishpond group of three kinds of specifications, the fishpond of three kinds of specifications is respectively the square adult fish culture of corner cut pond, rectangle large size fingerling culturing pool and rectangle small dimension fingerling culturing pool, and the Area Ratio in three kinds of fishponds is 7:3.5:1; The fish of different size on the dividing wall butted line position of two rectangle fingerling culturing pools in each cultivation unit, was provided with fish lock door, for can be sieved to corresponding culturing pool;
In described flowing water culture pond district, one side is installed the hydraulic turbine of low lift and large flow rate, at flowing water culture Chi Qu, catchments and holds the disturbance machine of surging of installing, and collection dirt, discharging pollution pipe is installed in outside, adult fish culture pond, in the middle of described flowing water culture Chi Qu and filter ominivore-fish culture zone, be provided with dividing wall, there is water stream channel dividing wall both sides, guide current together with the training wall arranging in the middle of filter ominivore-fish culture zone, the water stream channel that the described hydraulic turbine arranges a side flows to the exhalant canal of filter ominivore-fish culture zone for promoting current from flowing water culture Chi Qu, in described filter ominivore-fish culture zone, be parallel to ingoing stream direction and be provided with one or many stifled training wall, the channel flow that current are arranged according to training wall in described filter ominivore-fish culture zone, from the water stream channel of dividing wall opposite side, flow out filter ominivore-fish culture zone, along intake tunnel, flow into again the water inlet in each fishpond of flowing water culture Chi Qu, in fishpond, be provided with drainpipe, described drainpipe is communicated with drainage ditch, surge disturbance machine and the hydraulic turbine are installed in drainage ditch,
The bottom in the square adult fish culture of described corner cut pond is middle low high pan bottom shape around, Chi Di establishes at center dirty mouthful of collection, blow-off pipe at the bottom of connection pool, described blow-off pipe communicated drainage canal and collection dirt, discharging pollution pipe, externally be discharged in drainage ditch or by airlift pump soil pick-up to collection dirt, discharging pollution pipe, after focus on discharge.
2. the cultivating pool system of raising efficiency as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described flowing water culture Chi Qu is comprised of the three row fishponds that are arranged side by side, from exhalant canal to intake tunnel, be followed successively by the first cultivation unit, the second cultivation unit and the 3rd cultivation unit, described the first and second cultivation units shared intake tunnels, the second and the 3rd cultivation units shared drainage ditch.
3. the cultivating pool system of raising efficiency as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: the rectangle fishpond water inlet of described flowing water culture Chi Qu adopts sluice gate structure, draining is controlled by drawing dirty discharging device, water inlet consists of graticule mesh and flashboard, describedly draw dirty discharging device and comprise that the PVC perforation transverse tube of the pond bottom that is laid in and the spilling water intubate of connection form, described spilling water intubate is communicated in drainage ditch from fishpond, the perforate of described perforation transverse tube is downward, aperture is 1cm, and the number of openings is 1.4 times of areas divided by each hole of described perforation transverse tube sectional area.
4. the cultivating pool system of raising efficiency as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: the square adult fish culture of described corner cut pond is corner cut structure, and bottom is pan bottom shape, from center to the gradient around, is 1%, and dirty mouthful of collection is established at center, above covers and blocks fish sieve; Water inlet diagonal angle in adult fish culture pond, overflow pipe is installed as drainpipe in 1 meter of of the depth of water, for water circulation.
5. the cultivating pool system of raising efficiency as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: described in be arranged on flowing water culture pond the hydraulic turbine adopt the low lift and large flow rate hydraulic turbine of 3 250m3/h, according to discharge, need adjust operation number of units, drive whole pond water to flow and circulation, the described disturbance machine of surging is installed one, with the hydraulic turbine, move, the dirt that discharge in the fishpond in disturbance flowing water culturing pool district, prevents deposition pollution.
6. the cultivating pool system of raising efficiency as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: described training wall is provided with 3, makes flowing water culture pond district can form uniform current.
7. the cultivating pool system of raising efficiency as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: at the bottom of the pond of described rectangle large size fingerling culturing pool and rectangle small dimension fingerling culturing pool, all from water inlet to drainpipe face tilt, gradient is 1%.
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