CN104161115A - Preservative special for fresh sweet potato stem leaf biological source solid-liquid-gas three-phase three-level self-start type shelf - Google Patents
Preservative special for fresh sweet potato stem leaf biological source solid-liquid-gas three-phase three-level self-start type shelf Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preservative special for a fresh sweet potato stem leaf biological source solid-liquid-gas three-phase three-level self-start type shelf. The preparation method of the preservative is as follow: plant essences are embedded in a porous starch, the embedding porous starch with plant essences inside and newly-added plant essences are used as the core materials and embedded by propolis, chitosan, sodium alginate and carboxymethyl cellulose sodium as porous carriers, the pores on the sol surfaces of the sodium alginate and carboxymethyl cellulose sodium are sealed by glucose and a low-gluten flour, the mixture is solidified and then dried in vacuum, plant essences and absolute ethyl alcohol are sprayed on the surface of the mixture; and the mixture is subjected to vacuum packaging to finally form the preservative special for a fresh sweet potato stem leaf biological source solid-liquid-gas three-phase three-level self-start type shelf. During the whole application process, the preservative can form a gradually-converting solid-liquid-gas three-phase three-level release type self-start type releasing mode in which solid state is converted into liquid state and then liquid state is converted into gas state, and the preservative is convenient to use and has good preservation effect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to vegetable fresh-keeping processing technology field, relate to one and eat the biogenic solid-liquid-gas three phase two-stage of sweet potato stem leaf self set-up type shelf preservative specially raw.
Background technology
Ipomoea batatas belongs to Convolvulaceae Ipomoea batatas and belongs to, and is commonly called as Ipomoea batatas, sweet potato, sweet potato, yam, pachyrhizus, sweet potato, red taro, sweet potato etc.Sweet potato stem leaf contains multiple bioactive ingredients, can serve as treatment by Chinese herbs various diseases.Sweet potato stem leaf strong stress resistance, wide adaptability, pollution are less, output is high, growth is fast, and furthermore disease and pest is less, and agricultural chemicals use amount is very low, are therefore comparatively ideal pollution-free vegetables.Medical circle has been listed Ipomoea batatas in the row of anticancer vegetables, and nutritionist praises it for " life prolonging food ".The row of the summer vegetable being of high nutritive value are classified sweet potato stem leaf as at Vegetable Research center, Asia, and praise it for " vegetables queen ".The detection of China Preventive Medicial Science Institute shows, 13 kinds of vegetables such as sweet potato stem leaf and celery, wild cabbage, spinach, Chinese cabbage, rape, leek, cucumber, pumpkin, wax gourd, lettuce, eggplant, Hu trailing plants b, tomato are compared, in 14 kinds of nutritional labelings, protein, fat, heat, cellulose, carbohydrate, calcium, iron, phosphorus, carrotene, VC, VB
l, VB
6, 13 indexs such as nicotinic acid all rank first.
Sweet potato stem leaf is not only nutritious, and also has higher medical value.Ipomoea batatas stem apex is containing abundant mucus albumen, can prevent the fat deposition of cardiovascular system, keep arterial vascular elasticity, be conducive to prevent coronary heart disease, can also prevent the atrophy of connective tissue in liver and kidney, keep the lubricated of alimentary canal, respiratory tract and articular cavity simultaneously; In sweet potato stem leaf, contain the chemical substance of some deoxidation epiandrosterones, can prevent and treat colon cancer and breast cancer; In sweet potato stem leaf, also contain high concentration caffeic acid derivative, be considered to suppress the important substance of AIDS morbidity.Sweet potato stem leaf also has promotion gastrointestinal peristalsis, stimulate digestion, treatment constipation, promotes Cholesterol Excretion, and qi-restoratives benefit gas, spleen-invigorating and kidney-strengthening, beneficial lung promote the production of body fluid, improve looks, regulate immunologic function, delay senility, hemostasis, defaecation diuresis, detoxify, prevent and treat the physiological functions such as yctalopia.
In recent years, along with improving constantly of living standards of the people, people are more and more higher to food variation, the requirement that specializes, and the strategic direction of the current development of food industry of China is trophic function food, the alimentary health-care function of lay special stress on food.China produces sweet potato stem leaf per year more than approximately 100,000,000 tons, at present except little a part of pasture, all the other are all abandoned as discarded object, one of its reason is that sweet potato stem leaf is after harvesting, moisture is easy to loss, wherein serious with leaf water loss, and there is the situation of blade brown stain, the economic loss that more wide farmers is brought is larger.Traditional chemical preservative rate of release is very fast, easily causes sweet potato stem leaf injury when use amount is excessive, easily causes chemical residual, uses time of a specified duration and easily forms microbial resistance, is not suitable for being applied to that to eat sweet potato stem leaf shelf raw fresh-keeping.
The present invention is taking plants essential oil bactericide as main fresh-keeping composition, taking porous-starch, sodium alginate and sodium carboxymethylcellulose as porous carrier, and with the corresponding porous of the material shutoff duct of different performance, the antistaling agent being prepared from after twice embedding, vacuum drying and packaging.After pricking hole at the use initial stage, can discharge fast a large amount of biogenic gaseous state antistaling agents, along with water vapour in packaging bag progressively increases, the water-soluble tamper of sodium alginate and sodium carboxymethylcellulose duct dissolves gradually, the antistaling agent that makes to have cured is converted into liquid infiltrating through duct and is converted into gaseous state again and is discharged in space, anaphase storage, ambient humidity raises again, swelling material shitosan and the propolis etc. on porous-starch surface absorb gradually moisture content and become swelling body, the passage of having got through porous-starch surface, is discharged in space with gaseous form again.This antistaling agent has formed one in whole application process has liquid state to be converted into the release mode of the self set-up type of three grades of releases of the solid-liquid-gas three phase gradating of gaseous state by solid-state convert liquid again, and easy to use, fresh-keeping effect is obvious.The present invention is by sweet potato stem leaf is carried out to Preservation Treatment, after commercial package, not only met city dweller to food variation, the requirement that specializes.Meanwhile, for increasing farmers' income and driving the development of other related industries, very great economic benefit and social benefit will be had.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides one and eat the biogenic solid-liquid-gas three phase two-stage of sweet potato stem leaf self set-up type shelf preservative specially and preparation method thereof raw, sweet potato stem leaf is after harvesting, through using this biogenic preservative, can extend the freshness date of sweet potato stem leaf, avoid nutritional labeling to run off fast, thereby extend the shelf life of this product.
One is eaten the biogenic solid-liquid-gas three phase two-stage of sweet potato stem leaf self set-up type shelf preservative specially raw, and its preparation method is:
Porous-starch 10g～13g and 500mL water are joined in there-necked flask, starting electric mixer stirs, under the condition of rotating speed 1250r/min～1500r/min, stir 50min～70min, then add respectively Tween-20 0.6mL～0.8mL and Tween-80 0.5mL～0.6mL, under the condition that is 2000r/min～2200r/min at rotating speed, continue to stir after 30min～50min, add respectively lemon 0.3mL～0.5mL, clove oil 0.5mL～0.8mL and Ipomoea batatas essence 0.6mL～0.9mL and absolute ethyl alcohol 5mL～15mL, under the condition of rotating speed 3000r/min～3600r/min, continue to stir 90min～120min, then the glacial acetic acid of 0.8mL～1.2mL will be added, the propolis of 0.2g～0.4g and the shitosan of 1.0g～1.2g, under the condition that is 3500r/min～4000r/min at rotating speed, continue to stir after 100min～150min, add sodium carboxymethylcellulose and the 8g～10g sodium alginate of 0.1g～0.15g, under the condition of rotating speed 1500r/min～2000r/min, continue to stir after 150min～180min, add respectively cinnamon essential oil 1.6mL～1.8mL, Rosemary Oil 0.6mL～0.8mL, Ipomoea batatas essence 1.0mL～1.2mL and Agastache rugosa 0.3mL～0.5mL, under the condition of rotating speed 800r/min～1400r/min, continue to stir after 50min～80min, finally add glucose 6g～8g, wheat Self-raising flour 8g～12g, under the condition of rotating speed 800r/min～1200r/min, continue to stir 20min～30min, in this whipping process with syringe by the Cacl of 30mL～45mL2.0%
2solution dropwise adds, then solidify 30min～45min, taking out vacuum filtration is placed in 25 DEG C～28 DEG C vacuum drying chambers, vacuum is for taking out after dry 36h～48h under-0.090MPa～-0.095MPa condition, evenly spray Ipomoea batatas essence 1.0mL～1.2mL, cinnamon essential oil 0.6mL～0.8mL, clove oil 0.4mL～0.6mL and absolute ethyl alcohol 0.3mL～0.5mL at particle surface, after stirring, quantitatively pack into rapidly in small package bag and after vacuum packaging, be and eat three grades of self set-up type shelf preservative speciallies of the biogenic solid-liquid-gas three phase of sweet potato stem leaf raw.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: (1) natural plant extracts cinnamon essential oil used in the present invention, lemon, Rosemary Oil have very strong inhibition to the germ very easily occurring in postharvest fruit and vegetable storage, and do not have negative effect can not cause secondary pollution to it with respect to other chemical synthesis antistaling agents to fruits and vegetables, be a kind of nontoxic, efficient, economic plant source fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping agent.(2) first the present invention is undertaken plants essential oil after embedding by porous-starch, for the first order discharges antistaling agent; Then taking propolis, shitosan, sodium alginate and sodium carboxymethylcellulose as porous carrier, be that core carries out secondary embedding by the biogenic bactericide such as porous-starch mixture and the cinnamon essential oil newly adding, Rosemary Oil, Ipomoea batatas essence and Agastache rugosa of embedding biogenic preservative, with the porous duct on water-soluble material shutoff propolis, shitosan, sodium alginate and the sodium carboxymethylcellulose colloidal sol surfaces such as glucose, wheat Self-raising flour, be second level release antistaling agent again; Mixture, after vacuum drying, sprays Ipomoea batatas essential oil, cinnamon essential oil, clove oil and absolute ethyl alcohol at particle surface, for the third level discharges antistaling agent; After vacuum packaging, be prepared into and eat the biogenic solid-liquid-gas three phase two-stage of sweet potato stem leaf self set-up type shelf preservative specially raw.(3) biogenic preservative of this antistaling agent particle surface progressively volatilizees and is stored in small package bag in storage, form first order self-starting by transforming volatilization as gaseous state antistaling agent taking the solid-state liquid biological source antistaling agent as carrier, after pricking hole at the use initial stage, can discharge fast a large amount of biogenic gaseous state antistaling agents, make to eat raw sweet potato stem leaf fast in the gaseous state antistaling agent in high concentration, suppress fast or kill the growth of microorganism on cauline leaf surface.Subsequently along with water vapour in packaging bag progressively increases, the water-soluble tamper glucose in sodium alginate and sodium carboxymethylcellulose duct, wheat Self-raising flour dissolve gradually, open biogenic preservative that duct makes originally to have cured and be converted into liquid antistaling agent and infiltrate gradually through duct and be converted into again gaseous state antistaling agent and be discharged in space, played fresh-keeping effect.Enter and eat sweet potato stem leaf anaphase storage raw, fruit enters the after-ripening stage, respiration is strengthened, ambient humidity raises again, swelling material shitosan and the propolis etc. on porous-starch surface absorbs gradually moisture content and becomes and have very microporous swelling body, again got through the passage on porous-starch surface, the micropore of the biogenic preservative that makes original solid state on swelling body infiltrates with liquid state gradually, again be discharged in space with gaseous form, thereby in whole storage application process, form one and had again the liquid release mode that is progressively converted into the self-starting biogenic preservative of three grades of releases that gradate of gaseous state by solid-state convert liquid, to adapt to eat raw the high-efficiency biological source antistaling agent of sweet potato stem leaf shelf storage.(4) the plants essential oil volatilization short problem of fresh keeping time fast and that cause makes that its deenergized period is long and concentration is moderate, be suitable for shelf fresh-keeping special, low temperature shelf storage is fresh-keeping eats Ipomoea batatas essential oil raw 15 days, and rotting rate is only 3%, contrast is 27%, and rotting rate reduces greatly.(5) the present invention utilizes porous-starch, sodium alginate etc. to make its use more convenient extensively for carrier carries out having changed the unborn physical aspect of essential oil after embedding is solidified biogenic plants essential oil.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
Porous-starch 11g and 500mL water are joined in there-necked flask, starting electric mixer stirs, under the condition of rotating speed 1250r/min, stir 55min, then add respectively Tween-20 0.6mL and Tween-80 0.5mL, under the condition that is 2000r/min at rotating speed, continue to stir after 40min, add respectively lemon 0.35mL, clove oil 0.6mL and Ipomoea batatas essence 0.65mL and absolute ethyl alcohol 6mL, under the condition of rotating speed 3100r/min, continue to stir 100min, then the glacial acetic acid of 1.0mL will be added, the propolis of 0.2g and the shitosan of 1.0g, under the condition that is 3500r/min at rotating speed, continue to stir after 110min, add sodium carboxymethylcellulose and the 9g sodium alginate of 0.1g, under the condition of rotating speed 1600r/min, continue to stir after 160min, add respectively cinnamon essential oil 1.6mL, Rosemary Oil 0.6mL, Ipomoea batatas essence 1.0mL and Agastache rugosa 0.4mL, under the condition of rotating speed 900r/min, continue to stir after 60min, finally add glucose 6g, wheat Self-raising flour 10g, under the condition of rotating speed 800r/min, continue to stir 20min, in this whipping process with syringe by the Cacl of 35mL2.0%
2solution dropwise adds, then solidify 40min, taking out vacuum filtration is placed in 25 DEG C of vacuum drying chambers, vacuum is for taking out after dry 42h under-0.090MPa condition, evenly spray Ipomoea batatas essence 1.0mL, cinnamon essential oil 0.7mL, clove oil 0.5mL and absolute ethyl alcohol 0.3mL at particle surface, after stirring, quantitatively pack into rapidly in small package bag and after vacuum packaging, be and eat three grades of self set-up type shelf preservative speciallies of the biogenic solid-liquid-gas three phase of sweet potato stem leaf raw.
Embodiment 2
Porous-starch 13g and 500mL water are joined in there-necked flask, starting electric mixer stirs, under the condition of rotating speed 1400r/min, stir 70min, then add respectively Tween-20 0.8mL and Tween-80 0.6mL, under the condition that is 2200r/min at rotating speed, continue to stir after 35min, add respectively lemon 0.5mL, clove oil 0.7mL and Ipomoea batatas essence 0.8mL and absolute ethyl alcohol 12mL, under the condition of rotating speed 3500r/min, continue to stir 110min, then the glacial acetic acid of 1.1mL will be added, the propolis of 0.3g and the shitosan of 1.2g, under the condition that is 4000r/min at rotating speed, continue to stir after 120min, add sodium carboxymethylcellulose and the 10g sodium alginate of 0.13g, under the condition of rotating speed 1800r/min, continue to stir after 170min, add respectively cinnamon essential oil 1.8mL, Rosemary Oil 0.8mL, Ipomoea batatas essence 1.1mL and Agastache rugosa 0.5mL, under the condition of rotating speed 1200r/min, continue to stir after 70min, finally add glucose 8g, wheat Self-raising flour 12g, under the condition of rotating speed 1200r/min, continue to stir 30min, in this whipping process with syringe by the Cacl of 45mL2.0%
2solution dropwise adds, then solidify 32min, taking out vacuum filtration is placed in 27 DEG C of vacuum drying chambers, vacuum is for taking out after dry 38h under-0.095MPa condition, evenly spray Ipomoea batatas essence 1.2mL, cinnamon essential oil 0.8mL, clove oil 0.5mL and absolute ethyl alcohol 0.5mL at particle surface, after stirring, quantitatively pack into rapidly in small package bag and after vacuum packaging, be and eat three grades of self set-up type shelf preservative speciallies of the biogenic solid-liquid-gas three phase of sweet potato stem leaf raw.
The antistaling agent of above-mentioned preparation is packed in small package bag and makes and eat the special fresh antistaling agent of three grades of self set-up type shelf of the biogenic solid-liquid-gas three phase of sweet potato stem leaf raw by the specification of 5g/ bag.The fresh sweet potato stem leaf of eating raw that picking 5kg is intact is put into the large preservative film of microwave, get 4 and packedly have an above-mentioned biogenic preservative small package bag preparing, pricking upper and lower surface uses respectively behind 4 holes of syringe needle, be placed on respectively in four angles of packaging bag, eat sweet potato stem leaf raw as contrast taking intact fresh of the 5kg without this antistaling agent, then the sweet potato stem leaf fruit of processing is proceeded in 2 DEG C～4 DEG C low temperature supermarket shelves cabinets and preserved after 15 days after precooling 24h～28h at 3 DEG C～5 DEG C temperature, eating the special fresh antistaling agent fruit poisoning rate of three grades of self set-up type shelf of the biogenic solid-liquid-gas three phase of sweet potato stem leaf raw with this is 0.8%, rotting rate is only 3%, and control sample rotting rate is 27%.
Eat the fresh keeping property of the biogenic solid-liquid-gas three phase two-stage of sweet potato stem leaf self set-up type shelf preservative specially raw: taking plants essential oil bactericide as main fresh-keeping composition, with porous-starch, sodium alginate and sodium carboxymethylcellulose are porous carrier, through twice embedding, and with the corresponding porous of the material shutoff duct of different performance, after vacuum drying, spray the antistaling agents such as plants essential oil and absolute ethyl alcohol at particle surface, after pricking hole, the external packing of the initial stage of use can discharge fast a large amount of biogenic gaseous state antistaling agents, subsequently, the water-soluble tamper of sodium alginate and sodium carboxymethylcellulose duct dissolves gradually, making curing antistaling agent be converted into liquid penetrating through duct is converted into gaseous state again and is discharged in space, anaphase storage, the swelling material on porous-starch surface absorbs moisture content has gradually got through the passage on porous-starch surface, again be discharged in space with gaseous form, in whole application process, form the release mode that the solid-liquid-gas three phase gradating that has again liquid state to be converted into gaseous state by solid-state convert liquid divides three grades of self set-up types, fresh-keeping effect is obvious, easy to use, rate of release is suitable, antistaling agent concentration is suitable, effect is lasting, the shelf that are applicable to eat raw sweet potato stem leaf etc. are fresh-keeping.
Should be understood that, for those of ordinary skills, can be improved according to the above description or convert, and all these improvement and conversion all should belong to the protection domain of claims of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. eat three grades of self set-up type shelf preservative speciallies of the biogenic solid-liquid-gas three phase of sweet potato stem leaf raw, it is characterized in that, its preparation method is:
Porous-starch 10g～13g and 500mL water are joined in there-necked flask, starting electric mixer stirs, under the condition of rotating speed 1250r/min～1500r/min, stir 50min～70min, then add respectively Tween-20 0.6mL～0.8mL and Tween-80 0.5mL～0.6mL, under the condition that is 2000r/min～2200r/min at rotating speed, continue to stir after 30min～50min, add respectively lemon 0.3mL～0.5mL, clove oil 0.5mL～0.8mL and Ipomoea batatas essence 0.6mL～0.9mL and absolute ethyl alcohol 5mL～15mL, under the condition of rotating speed 3000r/min～3600r/min, continue to stir 90min～120min, then the glacial acetic acid of 0.8mL～1.2mL will be added, the propolis of 0.2g～0.4g and the shitosan of 1.0g～1.2g, under the condition that is 3500r/min～4000r/min at rotating speed, continue to stir after 100min～150min, add sodium carboxymethylcellulose and the 8g～10g sodium alginate of 0.1g～0.15g, under the condition of rotating speed 1500r/min～2000r/min, continue to stir after 150min～180min, add respectively cinnamon essential oil 1.6mL～1.8mL, Rosemary Oil 0.6mL～0.8mL, Ipomoea batatas essence 1.0mL～1.2mL and Agastache rugosa 0.3mL～0.5mL, under the condition of rotating speed 800r/min～1400r/min, continue to stir after 50min～80min, finally add glucose 6g～8g, wheat Self-raising flour 8g～12g, under the condition of rotating speed 800r/min～1200r/min, continue to stir 20min～30min, in this whipping process with syringe by the Cacl of 30mL～45mL2.0%
2solution dropwise adds, then solidify 30min～45min, taking out vacuum filtration is placed in 25 DEG C～28 DEG C vacuum drying chambers, vacuum is for taking out after dry 36h～48h under-0.090MPa～-0.095MPa condition, evenly spray Ipomoea batatas essence 1.0mL～1.2mL, cinnamon essential oil 0.6mL～0.8mL, clove oil 0.4mL～0.6mL and absolute ethyl alcohol 0.3mL～0.5mL at particle surface, after stirring, quantitatively pack into rapidly in small package bag and after vacuum packaging, be and eat three grades of self set-up type shelf preservative speciallies of the biogenic solid-liquid-gas three phase of sweet potato stem leaf raw.
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| CN105230775A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-01-13 | 通江古林银耳有限公司 | High-efficiency preserving agent for fresh white fungus, preparation method thereof and preservation method thereof |
| CN109007005A (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2018-12-18 | 西华大学 | Photoinduction titanium dioxide multidigit point chelates the more microfacies fruit antistaling agents of silver zinc copper nanometer |
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| CN105230775B (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2019-01-01 | 通江古林银耳有限公司 | A kind of efficient fresh-keeping agent, preparation method and its preservation method of fresh tremella |
| CN109007005A (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2018-12-18 | 西华大学 | Photoinduction titanium dioxide multidigit point chelates the more microfacies fruit antistaling agents of silver zinc copper nanometer |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN104161115B (en) | 2016-03-30 |
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