CN104160232B - Grain drying method - Google Patents
Grain drying method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104160232B CN104160232B CN201280071232.5A CN201280071232A CN104160232B CN 104160232 B CN104160232 B CN 104160232B CN 201280071232 A CN201280071232 A CN 201280071232A CN 104160232 B CN104160232 B CN 104160232B
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- Prior art keywords
- grain
- drying
- moisture content
- air
- air drier
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
- F26B17/12—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft
- F26B17/14—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft the materials moving through a counter-current of gas
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B9/00—Preservation of edible seeds, e.g. cereals
- A23B9/08—Drying; Subsequent reconstitution
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
- F26B21/10—Temperature; Pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
- F26B3/02—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
- F26B2200/06—Grains, e.g. cereals, wheat, rice, corn
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of grain drying method, its be raw material grain is once passed through and become moisture content adjusted after the drying means of grain, it uses the grain drying equipment of multiple dry unit series connection, and this dry unit comprises the air drier and cereal elevator that possess and have heated-air drying portion.In each dry unit, with become be set in the sending of this grade time grain moisture content value mode adjust hot blast temperature.Set in the moisture content value as reaching at different levels based on the gap between the moisture content value of raw material grain and target moisture content value in the moisture content amount of reduction at different levels.Further, at different levels, hot blast temperature is decided based on gap when receiving when grain moisture content value and the sending of setting between grain moisture content value.This temperature is decided by experiment and is stored in control part as tables of data, decides suitable hot blast temperature by this tables of data.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to grain drying method, this grain drying method is by grain drying equipment by the grain drying such as rice, wheat, and this grain drying equipment has the multiple drying machines be connected in series by grain transfer passage.
Background technology
Grain after the results such as paddy, in addition dry before preservation, to adjust moisture content, avoid mouldy.In this situation, if make it sharply dry with primary drying, grain can chap and become substandard product.Therefore, generally drying steps can be set as multiple stage, and progressively be dried to the moisture content value of regulation.On the other hand, picking time, the raw material grain just gathered in the crops can concentrate on the common drying equipment with grain drying function.Therefore, in the common drying equipment of large-scale grain, usually can be equipped with the grain drying equipment of multi-section drying machine to carry out the drying of grain.
In this kind of drying equipment, multiple air drier is disposed adjacent, and the feed side of each drying machine and exit side is interconnected via cereal elevator and grain transfer passage.Then, raw material grain is dropped into air drier foremost, then pass through each air drier, until make grain carry out drying by the air drier of least significant end via cereal elevator and grain transfer passage.
Prior art document
Patent document
Japanese Utility Model discloses flat 4-74289 publication
Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2007-155147 publication
Such as, disclose in flat 4-74289 publication in Japanese Utility Model, disclose a kind of grain drying equipment, it adjoins and arranges multiple air drier, and each air drier is to be linked with grain endless apron in recurrent state or the mode switched freely between (serial connection) state that sequentially transmits.In this grain drying equipment, received raw material grain is dropped into respectively each air drier to carry out preserving and primary drying, then the grain after primary drying is dropped into secondary warehouse.Then, specifically, the grain in secondary warehouse sequentially moved to each air drier to continuity and carries out final drying, being finally stored in main warehouse.
In this grain drying method, although can save the head tank case of the grain before storage drying, secondary warehouse must be set.In addition, the grain moved into by grain to each air drier is also needed to move into device.Moreover, after primary drying terminates, first grain to be transported to secondary warehouse from air drier, treat that it becomes empty state, just grain is moved into this air drier to carry out final drying again from secondary warehouse, the therefore charging of grain, discharging all need consuming time, and temporal loss is more.In addition, though be continuous print drying operation, final moisture content value cannot be dried to once-through operation.
In Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2007-155147 publication, disclose a kind of grain drying equipment, it to the air drier as afterbody, is connected with multiple air drier from the air drier of the 1st grade.It records a kind of drying means, in this grain drying equipment, raw material grain is fed into the air drier of the 1st grade, then, sequentially by air drier at different levels, until by the air drier of afterbody, thus reaches final moisture value.In air drier at different levels, carry out cyclic drying, until reach respectively this grade air drier setting moisture content value till.Then, the grain moisture content value of grain having been reached set moisture content value at different levels transports the air drier to next stage, discharges from the air drier of afterbody the grain having reached final moisture content value.
In this method, at each air drier, undertaken processing until the moisture content value of the grain received becomes the value set by this air drier by cyclic drying, so the time needed for drying in each air drier is not fixed.Therefore, in the air drier in downstream, complete drying and till discharging all grain, grain must be made to wait in the air drier of upstream side.Therefore, with regard to grain drying Whole Equipment, not only need the flowing adjusting grain, and the stagnation of grain flowing also result in sizable loss of time.When grain flow stagnation, the moisture content value of waiting grain also must be made to maintain suitable numerical value.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of grain drying method, it is by means of only making grain once by being connected with the grain drying equipment of multiple air drier continuously, just grain drying can be completed moisture content value to what specify, its loss of time is few, and is easy to the control carrying out each air drier.
Grain drying equipment used in the present invention, the drying section of hot blast and the air drier of storing section is utilized by possessing, from No. 1 drying machine of the first order to the final drying machine of afterbody, be connected in series respective feed end and discharge end according to the flowing of grain.
And, corresponding to the moisture drying reduced rate (low lapse rate) of the grain be suitable for for carrying out moisture content adjustment, value between the moisture content value of the grain after the moisture content value of raw material grain and the prior moisture content determined having been adjusted distributes to air drier at different levels, as grain moisture content value during the sending of air drier at different levels, and make from the raw material grain of No. 1 drying machine input sequentially dry drying machine at different levels, pass through once as a whole, and adjusted rear grain from final drying machine taking-up moisture content.In addition, in air drier at different levels, measure the moisture content value of grain that namely will drop into, based on this moisture content value measured be set in each air drier above-mentioned send time grain moisture content value, adjust the temperature of the hot blast in the heated-air drying portion being supplied to each drying machine.Based on the data of grain moisture content-hot blast temperature table being stored in control part, decide hot blast temperature in the mode reaching grain moisture content value when being set in the sending of this grade of air drier.
Also the situation using the grain drying equipment that can proceed as follows is had, air drier at different levels is connected in series according to the flowing of grain, by grain transfer passage, the unloading part of previous stage air drier is connected with the acceptance division of previous stage drying machine and rear stage drying machine, and at the intermediate configurations transfer valve of grain transfer passage, and be able to being flowing between preceding-stage side and rear-stage side of grain to switch.Also passable, when performing grain drying method, transfer valve switches to preceding-stage side at first, when previous stage air drier has stored the grain of the amount of the capacity exceeding this heated-air drying portion at first, carry out the cycle operation grain being positioned at heated-air drying portion being returned storing section, when the initial grain of this position has all been back to storing section, above-mentioned transfer valve is switched to rear-stage side, do not made specifically by the circulation of the grain in heated-air drying portion but be sent to the serial connection running of next stage.
The generation of following two kinds of situations can be judged by timing, be reserving with the grain of the amount of the capacity exceeding heated-air drying portion in above-mentioned previous stage air drier at first, and the initial grain in above-mentioned heated-air drying portion all returns storing section.Except timing, also can adopt the height sensor etc. of the accumulation degree that grain can be detected.
In addition, grain drying method may also be, and the initial grain in the heated-air drying portion of previous stage air drier has all been back to the time point of storing section, drives rear stage air drier and cereal elevator.
Moreover, as the method for shutting down of grain drying equipment, also can adopt with the following method: at the grain sensor of the grain that the grain place of the sending configuration detection air drier at different levels of cereal elevator is sent, when no longer having detected that grain is sent, the air drier of this grade and the work of cereal elevator are stopped.
Thus, air drier at different levels and cereal elevator is sequentially stopped by No. 1 dry pusher side.Also the stopping of the input cereal elevator and No. 1 drying machine being attached to No. 1 machine can be made together to stop.
The effect of invention
Form the multistage air drier of grain drying equipment, at different levels, after just starting running, only carry out the cycle operation of blink, just become serial connection running afterwards at once, make time of slatterning in grain drying operation little.
Only make raw material grain by grain drying equipment-secondary, can obtain moisture content adjusted after grain, therefore, it is possible to improve a large amount of efficiency of collecting and be dried to suitable moisture content value of preserving.
At different levels at grain drying equipment, due to from raw material grain to become moisture content adjusted after grain, be progressively carry out drying in the mode sharply not reducing grain moisture content, the therefore bad grain such as less generation grain be full of cracks.Owing to measuring the moisture content of the grain that previous stage is sent, and the moisture content value set by this measured value and this grade of air drier decides hot blast temperature, therefore suitably can carry out the dry action of the air drier of this grade.
In addition, the amount of the degree of drying deficiency of previous stage, obtains compensation by adjusting the hot blast temperature of this grade, and the moisture content value of the grain after the moisture content that therefore afterbody air drier is sent has adjusted can become set in advance and complete the moisture content value after adjustment.
Control to be only mainly the management of actuation time undertaken by timer or grain height sensor and the adjustment of temperature, therefore the structure of control part can be simplified.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the front view that outline represents the entirety of the grain drying equipment for rice drying.
Fig. 2 is the front view of functionally unit (dry unit) that grain drying equipment is described.
Fig. 3 is the figure in order to the upper position relation accumulated in the grain storing tank case inside to be described.
Fig. 4 is the block diagram of control part.
Fig. 5 is one of grain moisture content-hot blast temperature tables of data example.
Fig. 6 is the process chart representing trunk action.
Fig. 7 is the figure of the first half of the handling process of the action representing dry unit.
Fig. 8 is the later half figure of the handling process of the action representing dry unit.
Fig. 9 is the block diagram (the 2nd embodiment) of control part.
Figure 10 is the process chart (the 2nd embodiment) representing trunk action.
Figure 11 is the figure (the 2nd embodiment) of the first half of the handling process of the action representing dry unit.
Figure 12 is the later half figure (the 2nd embodiment, identical with the 1st embodiment) of the handling process of the action representing dry unit.
Detailed description of the invention
Below, the 1st embodiment is illustrated.
(structure of grain drying equipment)
This grain drying method performs in the grain drying equipment 1 shown in Fig. 1.
Grain drying equipment 1 is made up of dry unit 5, and dry unit 5 comprises: the auxiliary equipment etc. of input cereal elevator 2, air drier 3, cereal elevator 4 and these devices.
Input cereal elevator 2 possesses hopper 6 in bottom, in this embodiment, receives the wet paddy concentrating on common drying equipment.Wet paddy is fed in tank case to top and from the top storing tank case 7 of air drier 3 by cereal elevator 2 by this wet paddy conveyance.Symbol 8 imports disperser, and it, in order to the grain being received from input cereal elevator 2 to be guided to the inside of tank case, makes it come in tank case diffusion inside simultaneously.
Air drier 3 (Fig. 2) is made up of the above-mentioned unloading part 9 storing tank case 7 and store tank lower box part.Store tank case 7 inside to be made up of with the heated-air drying portion 11 of bottom the storing section 10 on top.
The Capacity Ratio heated-air drying portion 11 of storing section 10 is large, and in this embodiment, the capacity in heated-air drying portion 11 is that l0t (converts with paddy, identical below), the capacity of storing section 10 is 50t, and storing the maximum amount of the storing total for this reason of tank case 7, is more than 60t.Fig. 3 is the figure representing the upper position storing the grain accumulated in tank case 7 in order to outline, symbol A represents the bottom position storing tank case 7, symbol B is the imaginary boundary position between heated-air drying portion 11 and storing section 10, symbol C is when grain reaches this position then in the position storing tank case 7 and have accumulated 50t grain, and symbol D is the position of 60t storing the accumulation having filled grain in tank case 7.
Heated-air drying portion 11 is made up of hot air chamber 12 and drying passage 13, and this drying passage 13 is by hot air chamber 12 up/down perforation and arrives the unloading part 9 of bottom.Drying passage 13 is made up of netted iron plate and is communicated with the bottom of storing section 10.Therefore, grain can fall towards unloading part 9 from storing section 10 via drying passage 13.Unloading part 9 is made up of conveying worm.
As shown in Figure 2, at hot air chamber 12, the hot blast produced by the heat exchanger 15 of the combustion furnace 14 as auxiliary equipment is imported by air delivery duct 16, and is discharged from the exhaust outlet 17 of opposite side by above-mentioned drying passage 13.From the grain of storing section 10, when being used passage 13 by drying, be subject to the desiccation of hot blast, and the moisture content of grain reduces.This moisture drying reduced rate is by the impact of hot blast temperature.In addition, in the midway of air delivery duct 16, be configured with the regulating valve 18 in order to extraneous gas to be directed into air delivery duct.Regulating valve 18 is that the control part 19 (Fig. 1) possessed by grain drying equipment controls its opening and closing, adjustable heat air temperature thus.The adjustment of hot blast temperature, the burning degree also by control combustion device 20 adjusts.
Cereal elevator 4 possesses identical structure with input cereal elevator 2 substantially, and it makes the grain from the unloading part 9 of air drier 3 rise and send to transfer valve 21.What these cereal elevators 2,4 divided with 0.5t/ in this embodiment at the uniform velocity transports grain.That is, the time storing tank case 7 by cereal elevator 2 or 4,60t grain being inserted air drier 3 is 120 minutes, and this time is with identical from storing the time that tank case 7 sent by heated-air drying portion 11 by the grain filling up (60t).
At this, as shown in Figure 1, be one group with air drier 3 with cereal elevator 4, and form a unit of grain drying equipment 1, be therefore referred to as dry unit 5.At the grain drying equipment 1 of embodiment, be configured with 6 grades of dry units 5, be combined with grain transfer passage 22 by the cereal elevator 4 between air drier 3 respectively.Grain transfer passage 22 has above-mentioned transfer valve 21 in centre, punish qi become preceding-stage side and rear-stage side at transfer valve 21.The grain transfer passage 23 of preceding-stage side is connected to the importing disperser 8 of the air drier 3 of previous stage, and the grain transfer passage 24 of rear-stage side is connected to the importing disperser 8 of the air drier 3 of rear stage.When needing air drier 3 or the cereal elevator 4 distinguishing dry unit 5 at different levels, the diacritic of a ~ f can be added on its symbol separately.
Therefore, if transfer valve 21 switches to preceding-stage side, then the grain that have passed the air drier 3 of previous stage can again be back to previous stage air drier 3 by cereal elevator 4 and circulate.The running of the air drier 3 making grain circulate like this, is called cycle operation.When transfer valve 21 switches to rear-stage side, the grain from cereal elevator 4 can be delivered to rear-stage side, and be fed into the air drier 3 of rear stage.Like this, the grain of the air drier 3 of previous stage can not circulate, but is directly fed into the running of the air drier 3 of rear stage from heated-air drying portion 11, is called serial connection running.
Moisture measurement device 25 is configured with respectively at the grain transfer passage 24 sending the rear-stage side across above-mentioned transfer valve 21 near mouth and at different levels of input cereal elevator 2.In addition, configure charging sensor 26 sending near mouth of input cereal elevator 2, configure grain sensor 27 sending near mouth of cereal elevator 4.These sensors are used for detecting whether there is grain.Symbol 28 is temperature sensors, configures go back downstream than the above-mentioned regulating valve 18 of the transfer passage 16 carrying out automatic heat-exchanger 15.Burner 20 possesses the control valve that can adjust fuel injection amount.
From the signal of these sensors, be conveyed to the control part 19 that grain drying 1 possesses by imput output circuit I/O, in addition, drive the signal of these valves to be conveyed to respective valve (Fig. 4) via imput output circuit I/O.In addition, control part 19 by being stored in the program of ROM, and is controlled the decision of hot blast temperature or the action etc. of cycle operation and the air drier 3 when being connected in series running.This kind of control is identical with the situation of existing air drier.
The mode can accessed with CPU in the memory of control part 19 stores grain moisture content-hot blast temperature tables of data (Fig. 5).The situation of the data of Fig. 5 to be grain be paddy, a () is the tables of data that No. 1 drying machine is relevant, b () is the tables of data that No. 2 drying machines are relevant, c () is the tables of data that No. 3 drying machines are relevant, d () is the tables of data that No. 4 drying machines are relevant, e () is the tables of data that No. 5 drying machines are relevant, (f) is the tables of data that No. 6 drying machines are relevant.
These data, be that represent can between the moisture content value of raw material paddy and the target moisture content value determined in advance (moisture content adjusted after the moisture content value of paddy), with suitable moisture drying reduced rate, drying carried out to raw material paddy and complete the hot blast temperature that moisture content adjusts.Data determine by experiment.
That is, collect the raw material come wet paddy when, moisture content value is about 25%, this moisture content value is reduced to desired value about 14.5% and gulch after moisture content has adjusted is preserved.In order to effectively obtain the few high-quality moisture content of grain crackle adjusted after gulch, normally in 1 drying machine, paddy is circulated and repeats drying process 6 times, and slowly carry out drying with suitable moisture drying reduced rate.In the present invention, follow the method, make the raw material paddy being fed into No. 1 drying machine 3a, progressively dry in No. 1 drying machine 3a ~ No. 6 drying machine 3f of arranged in series, as a whole by once and from No. 6 drying machine 3f obtain moisture content adjusted after paddy.
If the moisture content value enumerating each air drier 3 reduces a preference of benchmark, as at No. 1 drying machine 3a the raw material rice drying of moisture content value 25% being 22.5% to moisture content value and discharging, in No. 2 drying machine 3b, the rice drying of moisture content value 22.5% be 20.5% to moisture content value and discharge, at No. 3 drying machine 3c the rice drying of moisture content value 20.5% be 18.5% to moisture content value and discharge, in No. 4 drying machine 3d, the rice drying of moisture content value 18.5% be 17.0% to moisture content value and discharge, in No. 5 drying machine 3e, the rice drying of moisture content value 17.0% be 15.5% to moisture content value and discharge, in No. 6 drying machine 3f, the rice drying of moisture content value 15.5% be 14.5% to moisture content value and discharge.
(action of control part)
Control part 19 makes drying corn equipment 1 carry out work as follows.
Fig. 6 shows trunk motion flow, when making drying corn equipment 1 work by opening main power source etc., then first can be initialized as f=0 (step S1) by mark f, drive input cereal elevator 2 (step S2).Now, the bottom hopper 6 of cereal elevator 2 can be made to get out accumulate continuously and fully the environment of collected next wet paddy.
By the work of input with cereal elevator 2, the speed that wet paddy can be divided with 0.5t/ is accumulated gradually the storing in tank case 7 of air drier 3 of the 1st grade of dry unit 5.Now, air drier 3 or cereal elevator 4 is not made to work.
Mark is set to f=f+l (step S3) because of the elevator work of input cereal, makes the dry unit 5 of f+l level work (step S4).Owing to being f+1=1 at first, the 1st grade of dry unit 5 therefore can be made to work.After making the 1st grade of dry unit 5 work, wait for 120 minutes processes in step S5, after having spent 120 minutes, whether judgement symbol f is f=6.Before becoming f=6 to mark f, every 120 points turn back to step S3, and dry unit 5 at different levels is worked.In this embodiment, make dry unit 5 by the 1st grade to the dry unit 5 of afterbody all work, the time of 120 Fen ╳ 6 be spent.Then, when the dry unit 5 of afterbody works, then indicate that f becomes f=6, the main-line program therefore via step S6, Fig. 6 terminates.
In addition, make the 1st grade of dry unit 5 work in the step S4 of above-mentioned main-line program, then action as shown in Figure 7 starts to perform.That is, in the 1st grade of dry unit 5, because above-mentioned input cereal elevator 2 works, still continue to the action storing the wet paddy of tank case 7 input, first, at the input moisture content (step S7) measuring wet paddy near the outlet of cereal elevator 2.The moisture content value (M) measured is passed to control part 19 via imput output circuit I/O, the CPU of control part 19 uses the grain moisture content-hot blast temperature table being stored in the moisture content determination procedure accessing memory of ROM, calculates suitable hot blast temperature (step S8) according to above-mentioned moisture content value (M).Such as, in the 1st grade of dry unit 5, if the moisture content value measured is M=25%, then select the 1st row of tables of data (a), the hot blast temperature being supplied to air drier 3 is determined to be 55 DEG C.
In this case, 100 minutes are waited for through (step S9).During this period, owing to continuing through input cereal elevator 2 to drop into wet paddy, therefore after 100 minutes, have accumulated 50t from heated-air drying portion 11 to storing section 10 and to wet paddy.
When have passed through 100 minutes, check whether transfer valve 21 has switched to preceding-stage side (step S10), if do not switch to preceding-stage side, is then switched to preceding-stage side (step S11).
Then, control part 19 makes the 1st grade of dry unit 5 work.Thus, combustion furnace 14 works, and the hot blast produced by heat exchanger 15 can be supplied to the drying section of air drier 3 via air delivery duct 16.In addition, drive cereal elevator 4, drive the unloading part 9 of air drier 3 bottom, the grain in heated-air drying portion 11 is sent to cereal elevator 4.
Thus, the grain storing tank case 7 inside sequentially flows down from storing section 10 to heated-air drying portion 11, and, switch to preceding-stage side by transfer valve 21, transport by cereal elevator 4 grain taken and again turn back to and original store tank case 7.That the grain being present in heated-air drying portion 11 at first all returns to original 20 minutes of storing till tank case 7 again during this.That is, during only having this, air drier 3 is cycle operation (step S12).
In addition, during cycle operation, wet paddy continues to drop into from input cereal elevator 2, when have passed through 20 minutes, can drop into the wet paddy of new a collection of l0t, and making has the grain amounting to 60t storing tank case 7 accumulation.In addition, be present in heated-air drying portion 11 at first and the grain of circulation, then accept the heated-air drying of the 1st time in heated-air drying portion 11.
Carry out the hot blast of automatic heat-exchanger 15, by adjusting the aperture of regulating valve 18 to import extraneous air, or the quantity combusted of adjustment burner 20, and make the hot blast temperature in the heated-air drying portion 11 of air delivery duct 16 close to above-mentioned signals.The adjustment of this temperature the measured value from the heated-air drying portion 11 being arranged at air delivery duct 16 temperature sensor 28 immediately front is fed back to control part 19 carry out.
After 20 minutes (step S13), above-mentioned transfer valve 21 is switched to rear-stage side (Fig. 8, step S14) by control part 19, continues heated-air drying running (step S15).So, receive the 1st dry grain of desiccation in heated-air drying portion 11, deliver to cereal elevator 4 from unloading part 9, deliver to transfer valve 21 from the top of cereal elevator 4.Now, transfer valve 21 switches to rear-stage side, and the 1st dry grain is not then supplied to and original stores tank case 7, but be supplied to rear stage store tank case 7.That is, the 1st dry grain does not circulate, and delivers to the dry unit 5 of next stage.This is called serial connection running.
The serial connection running of the 1st grade of dry unit 5, continue to till collected all wet paddy that this time should process all is supplied to air drier 3 from input cereal elevator 2, namely, as long as the grain sensor 27 sent near mouth being configured at cereal elevator 4 detects grain, just continue (step S16) always.Now, the charging sensor 26 near the charging aperture being configured at input cereal elevator 2 checks whether and grain detected, then sustained continuous running (step S19)
When charging sensor 26 no longer detects grain, represent the wet paddy that should process and all sent into the 1st grade of dry unit 5, therefore stop the driving of input cereal elevator 2.In step S16, when grain sensor 27 does not detect grain, represent above-mentioned all grain (the 1st dry paddy) all by the 1st grade of dry unit 5, therefore stop the dry operating of the 1st grade of dry unit 5.
In addition, when combustion furnace 14 is when being attached to each dry unit, it is also made to stop.
The action comprising above-mentioned cycle operation, serial connection running the above step S7 to step S17 from moisture measurement (step S7), carries out similarly in the 2nd grade of dry unit 5.In the 2nd grade of dry unit 5, the 1st the dry grain sent by the cereal elevator 4 from previous stage drops into air drier 3 via transfer valve 21.Moisture measurement carries out for the 1st the dry grain being about to drop into, and when determining hot blast temperature, the water fraction data of CPU institute reference is such as the 1st row of (b) in the tables of data of above-mentioned grain moisture content-hot blast temperature table.Further, in the 2nd grade of dry unit, if the grain sensor 27 of cereal elevator 4 no longer detects grain, then the 2nd grade of dry unit 5 is stopped.
Like this, make dry unit 5 at different levels work successively, or make it to stop.During this period, moisture measurement carries out for the dry grain of previous stage, when CPU determines hot blast temperature, from referenced by grain moisture content-hot blast temperature table being such as the 1st row of tables of data (c) ~ (f).Then, from the 1st dry grain to the 6th dry grain, the grain that moisture content value reduces successively, the gulch after having adjusted from the rear-stage side grain transfer passage 24 of the cereal elevator 4 of the 6th grade of dry unit 5 as moisture content is discharged.
Program is set as: if when the moisture content value being sent to the grain of the dry unit 5 of next stage for some reason from dry unit 5 at different levels does not reach the setting moisture content value that should reach in previous stage, other row of tables of data (a) ~ (f) in grain moisture content-hot blast temperature table are suitably selected, as adopted respective the 2nd row etc. according to this moisture content value.
As mentioned above, control part 9 carries out being combined with trunk process and indivedual process these two kinds controls, this trunk process is that the dry unit 5 of plural number making to be connected in series by grain transfer passage 23,24 etc. works successively, this processes individually is the process controlling each dry unit 5, and when the sending of grain no longer being detected, stop the work of this dry unit 5.Step S18 is to stop input cereal elevator 2 at first to arrange, by means of only step S19 after it stops.
Then, the grain moisture content being fed through the wet paddy of input cereal elevator 2 carries out drying with the multistage moisture drying reduced rate suitably set in dry unit 5 at different levels, the grain after having adjusted from the dry unit 5 of afterbody as moisture content and discharging.Therefore, only need the wet paddy after by results to drop into grain drying equipment 1, just can with once-through operation obtain moisture content adjusted after grain.Improve the time efficiency of dry process thus.In addition, owing to can carry out drying with suitable dry reduced rate, the ratio therefore creating the bad grain of crackle etc. is very low.
In addition, along with grain is more and more drier, the smaller volume of raw material, therefore the grain velocity of discharge of the dry unit of following stages side has the tendency accelerated, but in this situation, as long as adjust the unloading part 9 of air drier at different levels or the grain transporting velocity at cereal elevator 4.But, even if the grain velocity of discharge of the dry unit of following stages side accelerates, can not cause the flow stagnation of raw material grain, be not therefore very large problem yet.
Below, the 2nd embodiment is described.
In the 2nd embodiment, the structure of grain drying equipment is substantially identical with (structure of grain drying equipment) of above-mentioned 1st embodiment, but, is configured with grain height sensor 29,30 at the tank case 7 that stores of dry unit at different levels.Grain height sensor 29 sends ON signal when storing in tank case 7 and being reserving with 50t grain; Grain height sensor 30 can send ON signal storing when tank case 7 is reserving with 60t grain.Therefore, as shown in Figure 8, the ON signal of grain height sensor 29,30 is passed to the CPU (being labeled as height sensor C, D in fig .9) of control part 19 via imput output circuit I/O.In addition, grain height sensor 29 is configured at the position C that Fig. 3 represents, grain height sensor 30 is configured at position D.
The action of each component is identical with the situation of the 1st embodiment.For avoiding repeating, detailed.
In the 2nd embodiment, the action that control part carries out is substantially identical with (action of control part) described in the 1st embodiment, in the action of grain drying equipment 1, implements the method for drying cereal of the 2nd embodiment.
But, in the 1st embodiment, as shown in the flow process of Fig. 6, work moment of (step S4) of the dry unit 5 of f level is sequentially made to be set to every 120 minutes (step S5), in addition, as shown in the flow process of Fig. 6 ~ Fig. 7, in the action of the dry unit of f level, the beginning of cycle operation, to the switching of serial connection running be undertaken (step S9, step S13) by timing, on the other hand, in the 2nd embodiment, as shown in Figure 10, these time points carry out according to the amount storing the grain accumulated in tank case 7.Therefore, above-mentioned grain height sensor 29,30 is used.
Control part 19 makes drying corn equipment 1 work (Figure 10, Figure 11, Figure 12) with identical with the situation of the 1st embodiment, but at the step S5 of main-line program, as shown in Figure 10, wait for that grain height sensor D becomes ON, when becoming ON, the dry unit 5 of next stage is worked.When becoming ON, in this embodiment, mean that the inside storing tank case 7 has been accumulated and had 60t grain (grain upper position D).This is equivalent to the situation that have passed through 120 minutes in the step S5 of Fig. 6 of the 1st embodiment.In addition, in each dry unit 5, the time point that cycle operation starts will treat that grain height sensor C becomes ON and just carries out.This is equivalent to the situation (grain upper position C) that have passed through 100 minutes shown in the step S6 of Fig. 6 of the 1st embodiment.Moreover the switching to serial connection running will treat that grain height sensor D becomes ON and just carries out.This is equivalent to the situation (grain upper position D) that have passed through 20 minutes shown in the step S13 of Fig. 6 of the 1st embodiment.
That is, identical with the situation of the 1st embodiment, in the 2nd embodiment, start cycle operation when storing tank case 7 inside and have accumulated 50t grain.Owing to also supplying dewing paddy from input cereal elevator 2 during cycle operation simultaneously, so the grain making to be positioned at first the heated-air drying portion 11 storing tank case 7 by cycle operation all returns original when storing tank case 7, accumulation is with the wet paddy of amount, storing tank case 7, then except 50t that cycle operation is initial, also add the new wet paddy l0t added, amounting to accumulation has 60t.Now, the grain being positioned at the bottom in heated-air drying portion 11 is subject to desiccation and becomes the 1st dry grain, afterwards, does not just recycle, and is sent to the dry unit 5 of next stage.Then, by main-line program (Figure 10, step S4), now make the dry unit 5 of next stage become duty, the 1st dry grain can be received.
When the wet paddy that should process all is sent to the 1st grade of dry unit 5, and when charging sensor 26 no longer detects grain, then stop the driving of input cereal elevator 20.In addition, when the 1st dried grain is all by the 1st grade of dry unit 5, and when grain sensor 27 no longer detects grain, the running of the 1st grade of dry unit 5 is stopped.Afterwards, identical with the situation of the 1st embodiment, sequentially make 6 grades of dry unit 5 orders stop.
Like this, also same in the 2nd embodiment, the wet paddy being fed into the 1st grade of dry unit 5 by input cereal elevator 2 carries out once-through operation in grain drying equipment 1, the gulch after the moisture content that just can obtain grain moisture content and become desired value from the dry unit 5 of afterbody has adjusted.
In addition, the position of configuration grain height sensor 29, as long as the grain amount storing tank case 7 inside can send the position of ON signal when being reserving with 48 ~ 50t, similarly, as long as grain height sensor 30 is configured at the position that can send ON signal when the grain amount storing tank case 7 inside is reserving with 58 ~ 60t.
In the 2nd embodiment, the time point starting cycle operation with switch to the time point being connected in series and operating and carry out according to the actual accumulation amount of grain, therefore, it is possible to correctly carry out quantitative process.Temporal loss may be cut down further.Namely, if as the 1st embodiment, the time point starting cycle operation and the time point switching to serial connection running are according to timing and fixed situation, even if likely can because of so grain reaches set amount, but still waited for the unnecessary time, the 2nd embodiment can eliminate this temporal loss.In addition, the accumulation also can eliminating grain is not enough for some reason, but still starts the undesirable condition of cycle operation or serial connection running because the stand-by period terminates.
In addition, though along with grain more and more drier, the smaller volume of raw material, the grain velocity of discharge of the dry unit in following stages side produces the tendency accelerated, and also not too can be affected.
In an embodiment, dry unit 5 is set as 6 grades, but can be increased and decreased according to the grain species etc. of the relation of the moisture drying reduced rate of drying or dry object.
In an embodiment, the amount storing the grain that tank case 7 stores of air drier 3 is set to 60t, wherein the amount in heated-air drying portion 11 is set to l0t, the input of grain, send, the amount of transporting all is set as that 0.5t/ divides, but these numerals are only an example, in fact will depending on the scale of set air drier 3.
Combustion furnace 14 also can utilize biomass energy combustion furnace etc. to replace gas-fired type combustion furnace.In addition, the hot blast that the hot blast being supplied to heated-air drying portion 11 not only can adopt heat exchanger to give birth to, also can such as import the air after directly being heated by gas burner as hot blast.
The air drier 3 of dry unit 5 at different levels also can be existing circulation-type hot-air drying machine.
The explanation of symbol
1-grain drying equipment, 2-drop into and use cereal elevator, 3-air drier, 4-cereal elevator, 5-dry unit, 6-hopper, 7-store tank case, 8-import disperser, 9-unloading part, 10-storing section, 11-heated-air drying portion, 12-hot air chamber, 13-drying passage, 14-combustion furnace, 15-heat exchanger, 16-air delivery duct, 17-exhaust outlet, 18-regulating valve, 19-control part, 20-burner, 21-transfer valve, 22-grain transfer passage, 23-preceding-stage side grain transfer passage, 24-rear-stage side grain transfer passage, 25-moisture measurement device, 26-charging sensor, 27-grain sensor, 28-temperature sensor, 29-grain height sensor (50t position), 30-grain height sensor (60t position).
Claims (6)
1. a grain drying method, in the method, the air drier making to possess heated-air drying portion and storing section from No. 1 drying machine of the first order to the final drying machine of afterbody, respective feed end and discharge end are connected in series according to the flowing of grain, make the raw material grain sequentially drying each air drier dropped into from No. 1 drying machine, as a whole by once and from final drying machine take out the moisture content being dried to target moisture content value adjusted after grain
The feature of this grain drying method is, suitable grain moisture drying reduced rate is distributed to carry out drying to air drier at different levels according to the moisture content value of raw material grain, in air drier at different levels, measure the moisture content value of the grain that namely will drop into simultaneously, based on this moisture content value and moisture content value when being set in the sending of each drying machine, make the hot blast temperature in the heated-air drying portion being supplied to each air drier from the grain moisture content-hot blast temperature voting being stored in control part, adjustment is supplied to the hot blast temperature in heated-air drying portion.
2. grain drying method according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
In the multiple air driers be connected in series in the flowing according to grain, with grain transfer passage, the unloading part of previous stage air drier is connected with the acceptance division of previous stage drying machine and rear stage drying machine, at this grain transfer passage intermediate configurations transfer valve, so that being flowing between preceding-stage side and rear-stage side of grain is switched, at first, switch to preceding-stage side, when being reserving with the grain of amount of the capacity exceeding heated-air drying portion in previous stage air drier at first, carry out the cycle operation grain being positioned at heated-air drying portion being returned storing section, when the initial grain being positioned at this heated-air drying portion has all been back to above-mentioned storing section, above-mentioned transfer valve is switched to rear-stage side, carry out serial connection running.
3. grain drying method according to claim 2, is characterized in that,
Judge the generation of following two kinds of situations with timing, in above-mentioned previous stage air drier, be reserving with the grain of the amount of the capacity exceeding heated-air drying portion at first, and the initial grain in above-mentioned heated-air drying portion all returns storing section.
4. grain drying method according to claim 2, is characterized in that,
To be respectively used to detect the generation of following two kinds of situations and the signal that sends of the grain height sensor configured, judge the generation of following two kinds of situations, be reserving with the grain of the amount of the capacity exceeding heated-air drying portion in above-mentioned previous stage air drier at first, and the initial grain in above-mentioned heated-air drying portion all returns storing section.
5. the grain drying method according to any one of claim 2-4, is characterized in that,
After initial grain in the heated-air drying portion of previous stage air drier is all back to storing section, drives rear stage air drier and make the grain from the unloading part of air drier increase and send the cereal elevator to above-mentioned transfer valve.
6. the grain drying method according to any one of claim 2-4, is characterized in that,
Configuration grain sensor, this grain sensor detects the grain that air drier at different levels is sent, when can't detect the sending of grain, stopping the air drier of this grade and make the grain from the unloading part of air drier increase and send the work of the cereal elevator to above-mentioned transfer valve.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2012/055635 WO2013132586A1 (en) | 2012-03-06 | 2012-03-06 | Method for drying grain |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN104160232A CN104160232A (en) | 2014-11-19 |
| CN104160232B true CN104160232B (en) | 2016-02-17 |
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| CN201280071232.5A Expired - Fee Related CN104160232B (en) | 2012-03-06 | 2012-03-06 | Grain drying method |
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|---|---|
| KR (2) | KR20140140054A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN104160232B (en) |
| TW (1) | TWI550246B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2013132586A1 (en) |
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| CN103808119B (en) * | 2014-01-26 | 2016-05-11 | 梁群侦 | A kind of environmental protective energy saving drying apparatus |
| CN105043072B (en) * | 2015-07-28 | 2017-05-17 | 洪知瑜 | Multi-functional grading dryer by adoption of wind energy |
| CN106931762A (en) * | 2017-03-18 | 2017-07-07 | 湖北金汉江精制棉有限公司 | Purified cotton dries moisture control subsystem |
| CN107883693A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-04-06 | 无锡市尚德干燥设备有限公司 | The marine alga dryer of multisection type drying |
| CN115451661B (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2023-11-14 | 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 | Microwave convection coupling grain drying module, drying system and drying method |
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- 2012-03-06 WO PCT/JP2012/055635 patent/WO2013132586A1/en active Application Filing
- 2012-03-06 KR KR1020187028579A patent/KR102004669B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2012-03-06 CN CN201280071232.5A patent/CN104160232B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN1285495A (en) * | 1999-08-24 | 2001-02-28 | 株式会社佐竹制作所 | Cirulation type grain dryer |
| CN1502963A (en) * | 2002-11-27 | 2004-06-09 | 井关农机株式会社 | Grain dryer |
| JP2007155147A (en) * | 2005-11-30 | 2007-06-21 | Kaneko Agricult Mach Co Ltd | Drying control method in grain drying device |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20140140054A (en) | 2014-12-08 |
| KR102004669B1 (en) | 2019-07-26 |
| KR20180114221A (en) | 2018-10-17 |
| TW201400778A (en) | 2014-01-01 |
| TWI550246B (en) | 2016-09-21 |
| CN104160232A (en) | 2014-11-19 |
| WO2013132586A1 (en) | 2013-09-12 |
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