CN104159766A - 多桥驱动混合动力驱动器 - Google Patents

多桥驱动混合动力驱动器 Download PDF

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CN104159766A
CN104159766A CN201380013299.8A CN201380013299A CN104159766A CN 104159766 A CN104159766 A CN 104159766A CN 201380013299 A CN201380013299 A CN 201380013299A CN 104159766 A CN104159766 A CN 104159766A
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flywheel
combustion engine
hybrid drive
drive
vehicle bridge
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奥斯瓦尔德·弗里德曼
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/383—One-way clutches or freewheel devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/52—Driving a plurality of drive axles, e.g. four-wheel drive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
    • B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
    • B60W30/18009—Propelling the vehicle related to particular drive situations
    • B60W30/18072—Coasting
    • B60W2030/1809—Without torque flow between driveshaft and engine, e.g. with clutch disengaged or transmission in neutral
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于混合动力车辆(1)的多桥驱动混合动力驱动器，具有内燃机(6)和电机(10)，所述内燃机以驱动的方式与第一车桥(11)连接，所述内燃机以驱动的方式与第二车桥(12)连接。本发明的特征在于，所述内燃机(6)或者与所述内燃机(6)相关联的变速器(7)以推进的方式与所述第一车桥(11)的输出部脱耦。

Description

多桥驱动混合动力驱动器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于混合动力车辆的多桥驱动混合动力驱动器，其具有内燃机并且具有电机，所述内燃机以驱动的方式与第一车桥连接，所述电机以驱动的方式与第二车桥连接。
背景技术
从德国的公开文献DE 10 2008 041 693 A1、DE 10 2009 002 438 A1和DE 10 2008 042 132 A1中已知多桥驱动混合动力驱动器的不同的实施方案，所述多桥驱动混合动力驱动器也称为车桥混合动力驱动器。在已知的多桥驱动混合动力驱动器中，内燃机以驱动的方式与第一车桥连接。电机以驱动的方式与第二车桥连接。
发明内容
本发明的目的是：降低在根据权利要求1的前序部分所述的多桥驱动混合动力驱动器的运行中的所不期望的损耗。
在用于混合动力车辆的、具有以驱动的方式与第一车桥连接的内燃机和以驱动的方式与第二车桥连接的电机的多桥驱动混合动力驱动器中，所述目的通过如下方式来实现：内燃机或者配属给内燃机的变速器以推进的方式与第一车桥的输出部脱耦。在通常的多桥驱动混合动力驱动器中，在纯电动的驱动器中，配属给内燃机的变速器从道路驱动。在此产生拖曳损耗，所述拖曳损耗能够为电行驶功率的百分之十的数量级。通过根据本发明的、内燃机或者配属给内燃机的变速器与第一车桥的输出部的脱耦，能够以简单的方式和方法降低该拖曳损耗。
多桥驱动混合动力驱动器的一个优选的实施例的特征在于，内燃机或者变速器通过飞轮装置以推进的方式与第一车桥的输出部脱耦。经由飞轮装置，第一车桥能够通过内燃机来驱动。为了该目的，飞轮装置具有锁止方向，在所述锁止方向上，飞轮装置实现抗转动的连接以用于在内燃机或者变速器和第一车桥的输出部之间传递扭矩。飞轮装置此外包括飞轮方向，在所述飞轮方向上不将扭矩从第一车桥的输出部传递到内燃机或者变速器上。倒车驱动在根据本发明的多桥驱动混合动力驱动器中仅通过电机来提供。
多桥驱动混合动力驱动器的另一个优选的实施例的特征在于，飞轮装置在输出侧连接在内燃机或者变速器的下游。术语输出侧涉及由内燃机提供的扭矩，所述扭矩经由变速器传递到第一车桥的驱动轮上。在此车轮表示输出侧或者内燃机的输出部。内燃机优选配属给混合动力车辆的前桥。电机优选配属给混合动力车辆的后桥。
多桥驱动混合动力驱动器的另一个优选的实施例的特征在于，飞轮装置在驱动转速大于第一车桥的输出转速时锁止。驱动转速由内燃机提供并且如果需要的话经由变速器改变。输出转速是如下转速，车轮以所述转速旋转。飞轮装置在通过内燃机驱动第一车桥时锁止。飞轮在驱动仅通过电机经由第二车桥实现时，飞轮装置开启。因此内燃机停止并且第一车桥的输出转速大于其驱动转速。
多桥驱动混合动力驱动器的另一个优选的实施例的特征在于，飞轮装置包括飞轮，所述飞轮接在内燃机或者变速器和第一车桥的输出部之间。飞轮能够设计为卡辊式飞轮、夹紧体飞轮或者棘轮飞轮。
多桥驱动混合动力驱动器的另一个优选的实施例的特征在于，飞轮设置在万向轴端部和第一车桥的车轮的车轮轴承之间。飞轮有利地能够与车轮轴承组合。优选地，对于飞轮第一车桥的每个被驱动的车轮配设有飞轮。
多桥驱动混合动力驱动器的另一个优选的实施例的特征在于，飞轮集成到车轮中。这提供如下优点：对具有根据本发明的多桥驱动混合动力驱动器的车辆而言，在其它方面不必进行改变。
多桥驱动混合动力驱动器的另一个优选的实施例的特征在于，电机直接与第二车桥连接。直接意味着不需要在中间接入离合器。经由电机能够向前或向后驱动第二车桥。
多桥驱动混合动力驱动器的另一个优选的实施例的特征在于，电加热装置配属给内燃机的冷却装置，所述电加热装置连接到配属给电机的电能储存装置上。电能储存装置优选是电池、特别是高压电池。冷却装置优选是通常的冷却器。电加热装置能够如浸入式煮水器那样设计，将由电能储存装置提供的电能转化为热能，所述热能被释放到冷却装置上。在此热量优选释放到冷却介质、例如冷却水上，冷却装置借助于所述冷却介质运行。如果电能储存装置充满电，那么经由电加热装置能够有利地导出多余的电的制动能。
本发明此外涉及一种具有之前所描述的多桥驱动混合动力驱动器的混合动力车辆。
本发明此外同样涉及一种用于之前所描述的多桥驱动混合动力驱动器的能够单独交易的飞轮。
附图说明
本发明的其它的优点、特征和细节从接下来的描述中得出，在所述描述中参照附图详细地描述不同的实施例。附图示出：
图1示出具有根据本发明的多桥驱动混合动力驱动器的混合动力车辆的立体视图，以及
图2在剖面图中示出图1中的混合动力车辆的前轮。
具体实施方式
在图1中简化地示出具有多桥驱动混合动力驱动器4的混合动力车辆1。多桥驱动混合动力驱动器4包括内燃机6，变速器7，并且冷却装置8配属于所述内燃机。
混合动力车辆1此外包括设计为高压电池的电能储存装置9。在电池9上连接有电机10。电机10以驱动的方式与混合动力车辆1的后桥12连接。
混合动力车辆1的前桥11以驱动的方式经由变速器7与内燃机6连接。前桥11也称为第一车桥。类似地，后桥12也称为第二车桥。
在图2中在剖面图中示出前轮20。前轮20是在图1中混合动力车辆1的以11来表示的前桥11的两个前轮中的一个。前轮20借助于车轮轴承22、减振支柱24和横向导臂25附连到混合动力车辆的承载结构上。通过车轮轴承22，前轮20能够相对于承载结构旋转。
前轮20在附图中能够经由万向轴28以驱动的方式与内燃机6的变速器7连接。万向轴28的端部在接入飞轮装置30的情况下能够以驱动的方式与前轮20连接。经由飞轮装置30，驱动扭矩能够从万向轴28传递到前轮20上。在此飞轮装置30在锁止方向上锁止。
在飞轮方向上不经由飞轮装置传递扭矩。由此前轮20以推进的方式与万向轴28脱耦。内燃机6经由飞轮装置30与前桥11的输出部、即前轮耦联。在此，内燃机6通过飞轮装置30以推进的方式与输出部脱耦。
必要的推进力矩通过电机10来提供，所述电机直接与后桥12耦联。电机10也仅用于以倒档驱动混合动力车辆1。在此变速器7位于中立位置中。
在图1中可见，冷却装置8装配有电加热装置35。电加热装置35如浸入式煮水器那样起作用，经由所述浸入式煮水器，热量能够释放到冷却装置8的冷却介质、例如冷却水上。加热装置35电连接到电能储存装置9上。
如果在混合动力车辆1下坡行驶时在电池9充满电的情况下产生制动力矩进而产生电流，那么多余的能量能够经由加热装置35导出到冷却装置8的冷却介质中。这不会引起冷却装置8的任何附加的负荷，因为内燃机6在相同的时间停止。
附图标记
1       混合动力车辆
4       多桥驱动混合动力驱动器
6       内燃机
7       变速器
8       冷却装置
9       电池
10      电机
11      第一车桥
12      第二车桥
20      前轮
22      车轮轴承
24      减振支柱
25      横向导臂
28      万向轴
30      飞轮装置
35      加热装置

Claims (10)

1.一种用于混合动力车辆(1)的多桥驱动混合动力驱动器，其具有内燃机(6)和电机(10)，所述内燃机以驱动的方式与第一车桥(11)连接，所述电机以驱动的方式与第二车桥(12)连接，其特征在于，所述内燃机(6)或者配属于所述内燃机(6)的变速器(7)以推进的方式与所述第一车桥(11)的输出部脱耦。
2.根据权利要求1所述的多桥驱动混合动力驱动器，其特征在，所述内燃机(6)或者所述变速器(7)通过飞轮装置(30)以推进的方式与所述第一车桥(11)的所述输出部脱耦。
3.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的多桥驱动混合动力驱动器，其特征在于，所述飞轮装置(30)在输出侧连接在所述内燃机(6)或者所述变速器(7)的下游。
4.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的多桥驱动混合动力驱动器，其特征在于，所述飞轮装置(30)在驱动转速大于所述第一车桥(11)的输出转速时锁止。
5.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的多桥驱动混合动力驱动器，其特征在于，所述飞轮装置(30)具有飞轮，所述飞轮接入在所述内燃机(6)或所述变速器(7)和所述第一车桥(11)的输出部之间。
6.根据权利要求5所述的多桥驱动混合动力驱动器，其特征在于，所述飞轮(30)设置在万向轴端部和所述第一车桥(11)的车轮(20)的车轮轴承(22)之间。
7.根据权利要求5或6所述的多桥驱动混合动力驱动器，其特征在于，所述飞轮(30)集成到所述车轮(20)中。
8.根据权利要求5至7中任一项所述的多桥驱动混合动力驱动器，其特征在于，所述飞轮(30)设计为卡辊式飞轮、夹紧体飞轮或者棘轮飞轮。
9.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的多桥驱动混合动力驱动器，其特征在于，所述电机(10)直接与所述第二车桥(12)连接。
10.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的多桥驱动混合动力驱动器，其特征在于，电加热装置(35)配属给所述内燃机(6)的冷却装置(8)，所述电加热装置连接到配属给所述电机(10)的电能储存装置(9)上。
CN201380013299.8A 2012-03-09 2013-02-13 多桥驱动混合动力驱动器 Pending CN104159766A (zh)

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