CN104150203A - Stone plate gantry type automatic feeding and discharging device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a gantry-type automatic loading and unloading device for stone slabs, which includes a gantry-type support structure, a swing device, a lifting device and a control system. The swing device is hinged to the lower part of the gantry-type support structure, and the lifting device is hinged to the lower part of the swing device. The control system controls the movement of the swinging device and the lifting device; the swinging device includes a swinging beam, and the middle position of the upper part of the swinging beam is hinged under the gantry-type support structure, and the two ends are suspended in the air to form a seesaw structure; the two ends of the upper part of the swinging beam are symmetrically equipped with beam end cylinders to adjust The swinging beam is provided with a power mechanism stuck on it and reciprocating along it. The lower part of the power mechanism is hinged with the middle connecting block of the hoisting device through the first pin shaft, and the lower part of the middle connecting block is connected with the main spreader through the second pin shaft. The beam connection block is hinged, and the two pin shafts are vertically distributed on different planes. The invention also discloses a stone board loading and unloading method. The present invention adopts a gantry layout as a whole, has a stable structure, and can realize automatic loading and unloading of stone slabs.

Description

Stone slab gantry type automatic loading and unloading device and method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of stone slab processing, and in particular relates to a gantry-type automatic loading and unloading device and method for stone slabs.

Background technique

At present, with the continuous acceleration of the industrialization process, my country's demand for stone products continues to rise. However, the stone processing workshop usually has the characteristics of high mechanical noise and high dust concentration, and the working environment is relatively harsh, which is seriously detrimental to the health of the workers in the workshop; the low degree of automation in the processing workshop also leads to the inefficiency of work. Satisfactory. On the other hand, the harsh working environment and high labor intensity have also made many stone processing enterprises face the situation of "difficulty in recruiting workers".

Some existing equipment or devices (such as Chinese patent application CN 101947751A) are driven by cylinders in the vertical direction, but there is a problem that the driving force and the driving stroke are too small. In the field of stone processing, a larger driving force and driving stroke are required. Therefore, the cylinder needs to be customized; and the stroke in the horizontal direction is also relatively large, so it is not suitable to be driven by a cylinder. In the field of stone processing, some methods use cantilever cranes and suction cups. Although this method solves the problem of excessive physical exertion of workers, it is only semi-automatic and cannot realize unmanned operation.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the inefficiency of loading and unloading operations in the field of stone processing in the prior art, and provide a gantry-type automatic loading and unloading device and method for stone slabs. The automatic loading and unloading of stone slabs reduces to a certain extent The workshop is dependent on people.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A gantry-type automatic loading and unloading device for stone slabs, including a gantry-type support structure, a swing device, a lifting device and a control system, the swing device is hinged to the lower part of the gantry-type support structure, the lifting device is hinged to the lower part of the swing device, and the control system controls the swing Device and lifting device action;

The swing device includes a swing beam, the upper middle of the swing beam is hinged under the gantry-type support structure, and the two ends are suspended in the air to form a seesaw structure; the beam end cylindrical adjustment parts are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the upper part of the swing beam, and the swing beam is equipped with a The power mechanism that is stuck on it and can reciprocate along it, the lower part of the power mechanism is hinged with the middle connecting block of the hoisting device through the first pin shaft, and the lower part of the middle connecting block is hinged with the main beam connecting block of the spreader through the second pin shaft, And the two pin shafts are vertically distributed in different planes.

The gantry support structure includes a main beam and a side beam connected in a T-shape, one end of the main beam is vertically fixed in the middle of the side beam, and the other end of the main beam and the two ends of the side beam are connected by supporting columns on the ground, The main beam, side beams and columns together form a gantry structure.

The swinging beam is HW steel, and the middle position of the swinging beam is hinged to the connecting block welded below the middle part of the main beam.

The beam-end cylinder adjustment member includes a beam-end cylinder vertically installed on the swing beam, and an internally threaded hole is arranged on the upper part of the beam-end cylinder, and an adjusting screw that can be adjusted up and down is screwed in the internally threaded hole.

The power mechanism includes a deceleration motor connected to the control system. The deceleration motor is installed on one side of a U-shaped slider. Several rollers are symmetrically installed on the two inner sides of the U-shaped slider, and one of the rollers passes through the shaft coupling. It is connected with the output shaft of the geared motor.

The rotation direction of the roller is consistent with the length direction of the swing beam; and the roller is in contact with the lower surfaces of the grooves on both sides of the swing beam. The power mechanism is clamped on the swing beam through the rollers, and the symmetrically arranged rollers play a position-limiting role to prevent the power mechanism from falling from the swing beam.

The lifting device includes the main beam of the spreader, the side beam of the spreader, the suction cup, the oil pressure buffer, the connecting block of the main beam of the spreader and the intermediate connecting block; the connecting block of the main beam of the spreader is fixed above the middle part of the main beam of the spreader , the connecting block of the main beam of the spreader is hinged with the upper intermediate connecting block through the first pin shaft, and the intermediate connecting block is hinged with the U-shaped slider through the second pin shaft; there are two side beams of the spreader, which are symmetrical by welding It is fixed on the lower surface of both ends of the main beam of the spreader; the suction cup is symmetrically installed on the lower part of the side beam of the spreader through an oil pressure buffer.

There are four suction cups in total, and both the suction cups and the oil pressure buffer are controlled by the control system, which is installed on the gantry type support structure.

A scissor-type automatic lifting platform and a roller table cooperating with the hoisting device are arranged under the gantry-type supporting structure.

The method of using the stone slab gantry type automatic loading and unloading device includes:

A. Feeding process:

1) Use a forklift to place a stack of several stone slabs at the center of the scissor-type automatic lifting platform;

2) Run the deceleration motor through the control system to drive the U-shaped slider to move to the left side of the swing beam;

3) Control the lifting device to move down to the left, so that the suction cup reaches the surface of the stone slab to be loaded. At this time, the adjustment screw on the right is pushed to the lower surface of the main beam (the extension length of the adjustment screw relative to the column at the end of the beam is a, a adjustable);

3) The control system controls the suction cup to start working and tightly absorb the stone plate;

4) The control system controls the deceleration motor to drive the U-shaped slider to move reversely to the right side of the swinging beam, and at the same time the stone plate moves to the surface of the roller table under the suction of the suction cup, and the suction cup stops the adsorption, and the stone plate is placed on the roller table; The roller moves to complete the loading operation;

B. Cutting process:

1) The stone slab to be unloaded is located on the roller table, and the deceleration motor is run through the control system to drive the U-shaped slider to move to the right side of the swing beam;

2) Control the lifting device to move down to the right, so that the suction cup reaches the surface of the stone slab to be unloaded. At this time, the adjusting screw on the left pushes to the lower surface of the main beam (the extension length of the adjusting screw relative to the column at the end of the beam is a, a adjustable);

3) The control system controls the suction cup to start working and tightly absorb the stone plate; the geared motor drives the U-shaped slider to move in reverse to the left side of the swinging beam, and at the same time the stone plate moves to the surface of the scissor-type automatic lifting platform under the suction of the suction cup. Stop the adsorption, place the stone slab on the scissor-type automatic lifting platform, and complete the unloading.

During the loading and unloading process, the scissor-type automatic lifting platform can ensure that the upper surface of the stone slab for the last unloading is always at a certain set height. This feature ensures the cycle of unloading operations.

The scissor type automatic lifting platform and the roller table among the present invention are all prior art, all can be purchased directly in the market, mainly in order to complete the auxiliary device of loading and unloading in order to cooperate stone material slab gantry type automatic loading and unloading device, do not mention here Let me repeat.

Key technical features in the present invention are:

1. The swinging beam adopts a seesaw model, and the lifting device is attached to the swinging beam to complete the horizontal and vertical movement;

2. There are two vertical hinge structures with different planes between the swinging beam and the main beam of the spreader;

3. Loading or unloading continues between the scissor-type automatic lifting platform and the roller table.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. Using a novel seesaw model, the board can use its own gravity to complete the longitudinal movement during the horizontal movement, reducing energy consumption.

2. The scissor-type automatic lifting platform is used to keep the upper surface of the plate at a certain height, which ensures the continuous cycle of loading or unloading, and improves the degree of automation and work efficiency;

3. There are two vertical hinge structures with different planes between the slider and the main beam of the spreader, so that the suction cup can self-adjust the angle according to the actual placement of the stone plate, and has better adaptability to the angle of the stone plate;

4. The support structure adopts the gantry layout, and the structure is stable.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of the marked part in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the front view of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the installation of U-shaped sliders and rollers.

In the figure, 1. Scissor type automatic lifting platform, 2. Upright column, 3. Side beam, 4. Main beam, 5. Swing beam, 6. Main beam of spreader, 7. Side beam of spreader, 8. Suction cup, 9 , roller table, 10, roller, 11, U-shaped slider, 12, geared motor, 13, intermediate connecting block, 14, spreader main beam connecting block, 15, adjusting stud, 16, adjusting screw sleeve, 17, oil pressure buffer.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

As shown in the accompanying drawings of the description, a gantry-type automatic loading and unloading device for stone slabs includes a support structure, a swing device, a lifting device, a scissor-type automatic lifting platform 1 and a roller table 9 .

As shown in Figure 1, the support structure includes a side beam 3, a main beam 4 and three columns 2, the side beam is fixed on the upper ends of two shorter columns by bolts, the main beam is fixed on the middle position of the upper end surface of the side beam by bolts, and the other One end is fixed on the upper end of the higher column, and the side beam 3, the main beam 4 and the column 2 form a gantry frame, which has a simple structure, but has a strong supporting strength and can withstand large torque and impact.

The side beams 3, the main beams 4 and the uprights 2 are used as bearing parts, and the cross-sectional shapes of the two can be square, rectangular, circular or other shapes, and are not limited to the square shown in the figure. The length of the side beam 3, the main beam 4 and the height of the column 2, and the size of the cross-sectional area of both can be determined according to the force in the actual work, the length of the track and the working environment through conventional design. It does not affect its overall work efficiency.

The oscillating device comprises a oscillating crossbeam 5 , an adjusting screw sleeve 16 , an adjusting screw 15 , a reduction motor 12 , a U-shaped slide block 11 and a roller 10 . The main part of the swing beam 5 is HW section steel, which is hinged with the main beam 4 through the lifting lug welded in the middle of the bottom surface of the beam, and the two ends are suspended in the air to form a seesaw structure. There are two adjusting screw sleeves 16, which are respectively fixed on the left and right sides of the swing beam 5. The inner cylindrical surface of the adjusting screw sleeve 16 is provided with threads to cooperate with the adjusting screw 15 .

The swing beam 5 is used as a load-bearing part, and the cross section can be H-shaped, groove-shaped, or I-shaped, and is not limited to the H-shaped described in the figure. The length and the specific model of the swing beam 5 can be determined according to the actual work force, the length of the track and the working environment through conventional design. It does not affect its overall work efficiency.

The type, size and installation position of the adjusting screw sleeve 16 and the adjusting stud 15 can be determined according to the length of the actual work, the length of the force, the track 9 and the scissor-type automatic lifting platform 1, and the working environment through conventional design. It does not affect its overall work efficiency.

As shown in Figure 4, a deceleration motor 12 is fixed on the outer side of the U-shaped slider 11, the output shaft of the deceleration motor 12 is connected with a roller 10 through a coupling, and the other three rollers 10 are movably installed on the U-shaped on the support column inside the slider 11. The roller 10 is in contact with the upper surface of the swing beam 5 lower wing plates. The U-shaped slide block 11 is relatively fixed by the rims of the four rollers and the lower wing plate of the swing crossbeam 5, which acts as a guide, and can also prevent the U-shaped slide block from shaking left and right on the HW steel.

Driven by the reduction motor 12, the U-shaped slider 11 can move back and forth along the swing beam 5. At the same time, the swing beam swings left and right under the action of its own weight and the gravity of the plate to realize the vertical movement of the plate.

The hoisting device includes a spreader main beam 6 , a spreader side beam 7 , a suction cup 8 , an oil pressure buffer 17 , a spreader main beam connection block 14 and an intermediate connection block 13 . The main beam connecting block 14 of the spreader is fixed on the main beam 6 of the spreader, and is hinged with the intermediate connecting block 13 through the pin shaft, and the intermediate connecting block 13 is hinged with the U-shaped slider 11 through the pin shaft, and the two pin shafts are perpendicular to each other Distribution, the purpose of using two hinges is to facilitate the suction of unevenly placed plates. There are two spreader side beams 7, which are symmetrically fixed on the lower surface of the spreader main beam 6 by welding. There are four suction cups 8 symmetrically distributed under the side beams 7 of the spreader. An oil pressure buffer 17 is installed between the suction cup 8 and the spreader side beam 7 . When the suction cup sucks and releases the plate, the oil pressure buffer acts as a buffer. The suction cup 8 and the oil pressure buffer 17 are prior art, and will not be repeated here.

The cross section of the spreader main beam 6 and the spreader side beam 7 can be square, rectangular, groove-shaped, or I-shaped, not limited to the square shown in the figure, and the model size and the installation position of the suction cup can be selected according to the actual situation. The force and working environment during work can be determined through conventional design. It does not affect its overall work efficiency.

As shown in Figure 1, during work, the scissor type automatic lifting platform 1 and the roller table 9 matched with the stone material plate loading and unloading are correspondingly provided on the ground below the swinging device. The scissors type automatic lifting platform 1 and the roller table 9 are all prior art, mainly to complete the auxiliary device for loading and unloading in order to cooperate with the I-shaped automatic loading and unloading device for stone slabs, and will not repeat them here.

The feeding process is as follows:

A stack of some stone plates is placed on the central position of the scissor type automatic lifting platform 1 with a forklift, and the reduction motor 12 is operated to drive the U-shaped slide block 11 to move to the left side of the swing beam 5. The lifting device moves down to the left, so that the suction cup 8 reaches the surface of the stone slab to be loaded. At this time, the adjustment screw 15 on the right is pushed against the lower surface of the main beam 4 (the extension length of the adjustment screw 15 relative to the beam end column 16 is a , a is adjustable). Suction cup 8 starts to work, and absorbs stone plate tightly. The reduction motor 12 drives the U-shaped slider 11 to reversely move to the right side of the swing beam 5, and simultaneously the stone plate moves to the surface of the roller table 9 under the absorption of the suction cup 8, and the suction cup 8 stops absorbing, and the stone plate is placed on the roller table 9. The stone slab moves with the rollers to complete the loading operation.

During the loading process, the scissor-type automatic lifting platform 1 can ensure that the upper surface of the stone plate to be loaded is always at a certain set height, and this feature ensures the cycle of loading operations.

The feeding process is as follows:

The stone plate to be blanked is located on the roller table 9. Run reduction motor 12, drive U-shaped slide block 11 and move to the right side of swing beam 5. The lifting device moves down to the right, so that the suction cup 8 reaches the surface of the stone slab to be unloaded. At this time, the adjustment screw 15 on the left side is pushed against the lower surface of the main beam 4 (the extension length of the adjustment screw 15 relative to the beam end column 16 is a, a is adjustable). Suction cup 8 starts to work, and absorbs stone plate tightly. The reduction motor 12 drives the U-shaped slider 11 to move in reverse to the left side of the swing beam 5, and at the same time, the stone plate moves to the surface of the scissor-type automatic lifting platform 1 under the suction of the suction cup 8, and the suction cup 8 stops absorbing, and the stone plate is placed on the scissors. On the fork-type automatic lifting platform 1.

During the unloading process, the scissor-type automatic lifting platform 1 can ensure that the upper surface of the stone slab that was unloaded last time is always at a certain set height, and this feature ensures the cycle of unloading operations.

Although the specific implementation of the present invention has been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it does not limit the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention, those skilled in the art do not need to pay creative work Various modifications or variations that can be made are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A gantry-type automatic loading and unloading device for stone slabs, characterized in that it includes a gantry-type support structure, a swing device, a lifting device and a control system, the swing device is hinged to the lower part of the gantry-type support structure, and the lifting device is hinged to the swing device In the lower part, the control system controls the action of the swing device and the lifting device; The swing device includes a swing beam, the upper middle of the swing beam is hinged under the gantry-type support structure, and the two ends are suspended in the air to form a seesaw structure; the beam end cylindrical adjustment parts are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the upper part of the swing beam, and the swing beam is equipped with a The power mechanism that is stuck on it and can reciprocate along it, the lower part of the power mechanism is hinged with the middle connecting block of the hoisting device through the first pin shaft, and the lower part of the middle connecting block is hinged with the main beam connecting block of the spreader through the second pin shaft, And the two pin shafts are vertically distributed in different planes. 2. The gantry-type automatic loading and unloading device for stone slabs according to claim 1, wherein the gantry-type support structure includes a main beam and a side beam connected in a T-shape, one end of the main beam is vertically fixed to the middle of the side beam, The other end of the main beam and the two ends of the side beam are supported and connected by columns set on the ground, and the main beam, side beams and columns together form a gantry structure. 3. The gantry-type automatic loading and unloading device for stone slabs according to claim 2, wherein the swinging beam is HW-shaped steel, and the middle position of the swinging beam is hinged to a connecting block welded below the middle part of the main beam. 4. The gantry-type automatic loading and unloading device for stone slabs as claimed in claim 1, wherein the beam end cylinder adjustment member comprises a beam end cylinder vertically installed on the swing beam, and an internal thread hole is provided on the upper part of the beam end cylinder , an adjusting screw that can be adjusted up and down is screwed in the inner threaded hole. 5. The gantry type automatic loading and unloading device for stone slabs as claimed in claim 1, wherein said power mechanism comprises a geared motor connected with the control system, and the geared motor is installed on one side of a U-shaped slide block, and the U-shaped A number of rollers are symmetrically installed on the two inner sides of the type slider, one of which is connected with the output shaft of the geared motor through a coupling. 6. The gantry-type automatic loading and unloading device for stone slabs according to claim 5, wherein the rotation direction of the rollers is consistent with the length direction of the swinging beam; and the rollers are in contact with the lower surfaces of the grooves on both sides of the swinging beam. 7. The gantry type automatic loading and unloading device for stone slabs according to claim 5, wherein the hoisting device comprises a spreader main beam, a spreader side beam, a suction cup, an oil pressure buffer, and a spreader main beam connection Block and intermediate connecting block; the main beam connecting block of the spreader is fixed above the middle part of the main beam of the spreader, the connecting block of the main beam of the spreader is hinged with the upper intermediate connecting block through the first pin shaft, and the intermediate connecting block is connected through the second pin shaft It is hinged with the U-shaped slider; there are two side beams of the spreader, which are symmetrically fixed on the lower surface of the two ends of the main beam of the spreader by welding; the suction cup is symmetrically installed on the lower part of the side beam of the spreader through an oil pressure buffer . 8. The gantry-type automatic loading and unloading device for stone slabs according to claim 7, characterized in that there are four suction cups in total, and both the suction cups and the oil pressure buffer are controlled by a control system, and the control system is installed on the gantry-type support structure . 9. The gantry-type automatic loading and unloading device for stone slabs according to claim 1, characterized in that a scissor-type automatic lifting platform and a roller table that cooperate with the hoisting device are arranged under the gantry-type supporting structure. 10. The gantry type automatic loading and unloading method for stone slabs is characterized in that it includes: A. Feeding process: 1) Use a forklift to place a stack of several stone slabs at the center of the scissor-type automatic lifting platform; 2) Run the deceleration motor through the control system to drive the U-shaped slider to move to the left side of the swing beam; 3) Control the lifting device to move down to the left, so that the suction cup reaches the surface of the stone slab to be loaded, and at this time, the adjusting screw on the right pushes to the lower surface of the main beam; 3) The control system controls the suction cup to start working and tightly absorb the stone plate; 4) The control system controls the deceleration motor to drive the U-shaped slider to move reversely to the right side of the swinging beam, and at the same time the stone plate moves to the surface of the roller table under the suction of the suction cup, and the suction cup stops the adsorption, and the stone plate is placed on the roller table; The roller moves to complete the loading operation; B. Cutting process: 1) The stone slab to be unloaded is located on the roller table, and the deceleration motor is run through the control system to drive the U-shaped slider to move to the right side of the swing beam; 2) Control the lifting device to move down to the right, so that the suction cup reaches the surface of the stone slab to be unloaded, and at this time, the adjusting screw on the left pushes to the lower surface of the main beam; 3) The control system controls the suction cup to start working and tightly absorb the stone plate; the geared motor drives the U-shaped slider to move in reverse to the left side of the swinging beam, and at the same time the stone plate moves to the surface of the scissor-type automatic lifting platform under the suction of the suction cup. Stop the adsorption, place the stone slab on the scissor-type automatic lifting platform, and complete the unloading.