CN104149339A - Continuous long-fiber reinforced-type composite material 3D printer and printing method thereof - Google Patents
Continuous long-fiber reinforced-type composite material 3D printer and printing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104149339A CN104149339A CN201410325650.3A CN201410325650A CN104149339A CN 104149339 A CN104149339 A CN 104149339A CN 201410325650 A CN201410325650 A CN 201410325650A CN 104149339 A CN104149339 A CN 104149339A
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Abstract
The invention provides a continuous long-fiber reinforced-type composite material 3D printer and a printing method thereof. The 3D printer and the printing method are characterized in that the combination of the 3D printing technology and the composite material fiber placement technology achieves the 3D printing of a resin-based continuous long-fiber reinforced-type composite material, and the process does not need a die that is customized in advance and a pre-treated fiber pre-soaking belt, so that the cost is greatly decreased; meanwhile, the 3D printing method enables well and convenient control of the directions of the reinforced fibers in a manufactured part, and moreover, a composite material part with the customized mechanical property can be obtained easily, and the composite material part with a complex structure can be quickly manufactured; and compared with the original composite material fiber placement process, the printing method has the advantages that the application scope is wide, and the production efficiency is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fibre reinforced composites 3D printing technique field, be specifically related to a kind of continuous fiber reinforced composite 3D printer and Method of printing thereof.
Background technology
Resin base fiber reinforced composite material, comprise continuous fiber and short fiber reinforced composite, it is high that the part of manufacturing has specific strength, specific modulus is large, material property has designability, corrosion resistance and excellent in durability, thermal coefficient of expansion and the concrete advantage such as close, make resin base fiber reinforced composite material can meet modern structure to greatly across, towering, heavy duty, the needs of high-strength light and job development under mal-condition, therefore in Aero-Space, national defense and military, racing vehicle, the fields such as robot and medical treatment have obtained application more and more widely.3D printing technique refers to that printhead is under programme-control, carry out material according to the cross section information of current layer and fill manufacture, and then by adding up and produce fast required part layer by layer, because it can be manufactured any complex parts and have the good printing free degree, in industrial production and daily life, more and more there is actual application value.
But, comparatively the mode of advanced resin-based long fiber reinforcement composite material part manufacture adopts technology of fiber placement for composite materials technology more at present, press the determined laying direction of design of part and laying thickness requirement, adopt multivariant placement head will organize fiber prepreg yarn bundle or arrowband automatic placement at die surface more, the fiber prepreg material which need to have been anticipated and the high mould of cost, be not suitable for having the long fiber reinforcement parts batch manufacture of labyrinth.Simultaneously, also rare 3D printer and the correlative study work that can realize the manufacture of fibre reinforced composites part at home and abroad, do not find ripe continuous fiber reinforced composite 3D printer, therefore this has limited the development of 3D printing technique in fibre reinforced composites part manufacture field greatly.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of continuous fiber reinforced composite 3D printer and Method of printing thereof, both can control the fiber orientation that 3D prints continuous fiber reinforced composite part, can obtain again specific mechanical, electricity and hot property, gentlier, more by force, more lasting part, and do not need design, mfg. moulding die, thereby reduce widely cost and manufacturing time, promoted the extensive use of fibre reinforced composites.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of continuous fiber reinforced composite 3D printer, comprise 3D printhead 5,3D printhead 5 is arranged on two-dimension moving platform 11, the below of 3D printhead 5 is provided with workbench 12, workbench 12 is connected with lowering or hoisting gear 21, the left and right link enhancement fiber 1 of workbench 12 and the charging tray 2 of plastic wire 8, fortifying fibre 1 is sent in 3D printhead 5 through tensioning apparatus 3, fiber guiding duct 4, and plastic wire material 8 is also sent in 3D printhead 5 through plastic wire guide pipe 9;
Described 3D printhead 5 comprises printhead screw rod 6, the outside of printhead screw rod 6 connects printhead screw rod shell 10, the root of printhead screw rod 6 is connected with large drive wheel 16, large drive wheel 16 is by driving belt 15, brief biography driving wheel 14 is connected with printhead stepper motor 13, printhead screw rod 6, the termination of printhead screw rod shell 10 is connected with nozzle 7, printhead screw rod 6 is provided with hollow duct, fortifying fibre 1 is the hollow duct through printhead screw rod 6 through fiber guiding duct 4, arrive nozzle 7, the root of printhead screw rod shell 10 is provided with plastic wire guide pipe 9, plastic wire material 8 is wrapped on printhead screw rod 6 through plastic wire guide pipe 9, enter into nozzle 7 places, printhead screw rod shell 10 is connected with heater 17 and temperature controller 18 near nozzle 7 places, the outer shear 20 that is provided with of nozzle 7.
The Method of printing of described printer, comprises the following steps:
1) fortifying fibre 1 is from its charging tray 2, through tensioning apparatus 3, supply with 3D printhead 5 by fiber guiding duct 4, fortifying fibre 1 is through the hollow duct of printhead screw rod 6, arrive nozzle 7, described fortifying fibre 1 is the composite enhancing fiber of glass fibre, carbon fiber or aramid fiber;
2) plastic wire material 8, from its charging tray 2s, through the guiding of plastic wire guide pipe 9, through printhead screw rod shell 10, is wrapped on printhead screw rod 6, enters into nozzle 7 places;
3) in the time carrying out part 3D print job, programme-control two-dimension moving platform 11, drives 3D printhead 5 on workbench 12, according to the cross-section data motion of current layer model;
4) simultaneously, printhead stepper motor 13 drives printhead screw rod 6 to be rotated by brief biography driving wheel 14, driving belt 15, large drive wheel 16, plastic wire material 8 is constantly extruded to nozzle 7 places, and heater 17 and the temperature controller 18 of middle ensure that plastic wire material 8 is in molten condition;
5) fortifying fibre 1 is mixed to form composite wire material 19 mutually at the plastic wire material 8 of nozzle 7 places and melting, and be extruded from nozzle 7 outlets, composite wire material 19 is cooling deposition on workbench 12, because fortifying fibre 1 has good toughness and has been adhered on workbench 12, therefore can constantly from fiber charging tray 2, be pullled out along with the motion of two-dimension moving platform 11;
6) when completing behind the cross section of the current one deck of model, shear 20 cuts off the composite wire material 19 in nozzle 7 exits, and then, lowering or hoisting gear 21 will be with workbench 12 lift height that declines together;
7) repeating step 3)～step 6), until part completes.
Because the present invention is combined 3D printing technique with fibre reinforced composites forming technique, control well forming direction, the 3D that has realized resin-based continuous fiber reinforced composite prints; And, in this process, without the mould of customization in advance and the fiber prepreg tape of anticipating, greatly reduce cost, also reduce process complexity; Meanwhile, adopt the method for 3D printing, can more accurately control the direction of fortifying fibre in manufacturing part, more easily obtain having the composite material parts of customization performance, can realize the quick manufacture of the composite material parts with labyrinth; Certainly, with respect to original technology of fiber placement for composite materials technique, this method is not only applicable to the manufacture of heavy parts, is also applicable to the manufacture in enormous quantities of miniature parts, and adaptable scope is more extensive, production efficiency is higher.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of printer of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of 3D printhead of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
With reference to Fig. 1, a kind of continuous fiber reinforced composite 3D printer, comprise 3D printhead 5,3D printhead 5 is arranged on two-dimension moving platform 11, the below of 3D printhead 5 is provided with workbench 12, and workbench 12 is connected with lowering or hoisting gear 21, and the charging tray 2 of fortifying fibre 1 and plastic wire 8 is placed in the left and right of workbench 12, fortifying fibre 1 is sent in 3D printhead 5 through tensioning apparatus 3, fiber guiding duct 4, and plastic wire material 8 is also sent in 3D printhead 5 through plastic wire guide pipe 9;
With reference to Fig. 2, described 3D printhead 5 comprises printhead screw rod 6, the outside of printhead screw rod 6 connects printhead screw rod shell 10, the root of printhead screw rod 6 is connected with large drive wheel 16, large drive wheel 16 is by driving belt 15, brief biography driving wheel 14 is connected with printhead stepper motor 13, printhead screw rod 6, the termination of printhead screw rod shell 10 is connected with nozzle 7, printhead screw rod 6 is provided with hollow duct, fortifying fibre 1 is the hollow duct through printhead screw rod 6 through fiber guiding duct 4, arrive nozzle 7, the root of printhead screw rod shell 10 is provided with plastic wire guide pipe 9, plastic wire material 8 is wrapped on printhead screw rod 6 through plastic wire guide pipe 9, enter into nozzle 7 places, printhead screw rod shell 10 is connected with heater 17 and temperature controller 18 near nozzle 7 places, the outer shear 20 that is provided with of nozzle 7.
The Method of printing of described printer, comprises the following steps:
1), with reference to Fig. 1, fortifying fibre 1, from its charging tray 2, through tensioning apparatus 3, is supplied with 3D printhead 5 by fiber guiding duct 4; In conjunction with Fig. 2, fortifying fibre 1, through the hollow duct of printhead screw rod 6, arrives nozzle 7, and described fortifying fibre 1 is the composite enhancing fiber of glass fibre, carbon fiber or aramid fiber;
2), with reference to Fig. 1, plastic wire material 8, from its charging tray 2s, leads through plastic wire guide pipe 9; With reference to Fig. 2, plastic wire material 8, after guiding, pass printhead screw rod shell 10, is wrapped on printhead screw rod 6, enters into nozzle 7 places;
3), with reference to Fig. 1, in the time carrying out part 3D print job, programme-control two-dimension moving platform 11, drives 3D printhead 5 on workbench 12, according to the cross-section data motion of current layer model;
4) with reference to Fig. 2, simultaneously, printhead stepper motor 13 drives printhead screw rod 6 to be rotated by brief biography driving wheel 14, driving belt 15, large drive wheel 16, plastic wire material 8 is constantly extruded to nozzle 7 places, and heater 17 and the temperature controller 18 of middle ensure that plastic wire material 8 is in molten condition;
5) fortifying fibre 1 can be mixed to form composite wire material 19 with the plastic wire material 8 of melting mutually at nozzle 7 places, and is extruded from nozzle 7 outlets; With reference to Fig. 1, composite wire material 19 is cooling deposition on workbench 12, because fortifying fibre 1 has good toughness and has been adhered on workbench 12, therefore can constantly from fiber charging tray 2, be pullled out along with the motion of two-dimension moving platform 11;
6) with reference to Fig. 1, when completing behind the cross section of the current one deck of model, shear 20 will cut off the composite wire material 19 in nozzle 7 exits, and then, lowering or hoisting gear 21 will be with workbench 12 lift height that declines together;
7) repeating step 3)～step 6), until part completes.
Because the present invention is combined 3D printing technique with fibre reinforced composites forming technique, control well forming direction, the 3D that has realized resin-based continuous fiber reinforced composite prints; And, in this process, without the mould of customization in advance and the fiber prepreg tape of anticipating, greatly reduce cost, also reduce process complexity; Meanwhile, adopt the method for 3D printing, can more accurately control the direction of fortifying fibre in manufacturing part, more easily obtain having the composite material parts of customization performance, can realize the quick manufacture of the composite material parts with labyrinth; Certainly, with respect to original technology of fiber placement for composite materials technique, this method is not only applicable to the manufacture of heavy parts, is also applicable to the manufacture in enormous quantities of miniature parts, and adaptable scope is more extensive, production efficiency is higher.
Claims (2)
1. a continuous fiber reinforced composite 3D printer, comprise 3D printhead (5), 3D printhead (5) is arranged on two-dimension moving platform (11), the below of 3D printhead (5) is provided with workbench (12), workbench (12) is connected with lowering or hoisting gear (21), the left and right of workbench (12) is connected with the charging tray (2) of fortifying fibre (1) and plastic wire (8), fortifying fibre (1) is through tensioning apparatus (3), fiber guiding duct (4) is sent in 3D printhead (5), plastic wire material (8) is also sent in 3D printhead (5) through plastic wire guide pipe (9),
Described 3D printhead (5) comprises printhead screw rod (6), the outside of printhead screw rod (6) connects printhead screw rod shell (10), the root of printhead screw rod (6) is connected with large drive wheel (16), large drive wheel (16) is by driving belt (15), little drive (14) is connected with printhead stepper motor (13), printhead screw rod (6), the termination of printhead screw rod shell (10) is connected with nozzle (7), printhead screw rod (6) is provided with hollow duct, fortifying fibre (1) is the hollow duct through printhead screw rod (6) through fiber guiding duct (4), arrive nozzle (7), the root of printhead screw rod shell (10) is provided with plastic wire guide pipe (9), plastic wire material (8) is wrapped on printhead screw rod (6) through plastic wire guide pipe (9), entering into nozzle (7) locates, printhead screw rod shell (10) locates to be connected with heater (17) and temperature controller (18) near nozzle (7), the outer shear (20) that is provided with of nozzle (7).
2. the Method of printing of printer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) fortifying fibre (1) is from its charging tray (2), through tensioning apparatus (3), supply with 3D printhead (5) by fiber guiding duct (4), fortifying fibre (1) is through the hollow duct of printhead screw rod (6), arrive nozzle (7), described fortifying fibre (1) is the composite enhancing fiber of glass fibre, carbon fiber or aramid fiber;
2) plastic wire material (8) is from its charging tray (2)s, through the guiding of plastic wire guide pipe (9), through printhead screw rod shell (10), be wrapped in printhead screw rod (6) upper, enter into nozzle (7) and locate;
3) in the time carrying out part 3D print job, programme-control two-dimension moving platform (11), drives 3D printhead (5) upper at workbench (12), according to the cross-section data motion of current layer model;
4) simultaneously, printhead stepper motor (13) drives printhead screw rod (6) to be rotated by little drive (14), driving belt (15), large drive wheel (16), plastic wire material (8) is constantly located to extrude to nozzle (7), and the heater (17) of middle ensures that with temperature controller (18) plastic wire material (8) is in molten condition;
5) fortifying fibre (1) is located to be mutually mixed to form composite wire material (19) with the plastic wire material (8) of melting at nozzle (7), and be extruded from nozzle (7) outlet, composite wire material (19) is in the upper cooling deposition of workbench (12), because fortifying fibre (1) has good toughness and has been adhered to workbench (12) above, therefore can constantly from fiber charging tray (2), be pullled out along with the motion of two-dimension moving platform (11);
6) when completing behind the cross section of the current one deck of model, shear (20) cuts off the composite wire material (19) in nozzle (7) exit, then, lowering or hoisting gear (21) will be with workbench (12) lift height that declines together;
7) repeating step 3)～step 6), until part completes.
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