CN104136769A - Hydroelectric power generation apparatus - Google Patents
Hydroelectric power generation apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104136769A CN104136769A CN201380011100.8A CN201380011100A CN104136769A CN 104136769 A CN104136769 A CN 104136769A CN 201380011100 A CN201380011100 A CN 201380011100A CN 104136769 A CN104136769 A CN 104136769A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- hub
- side pipe
- pipe arrangement
- impeller
- armature
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
- F03B13/10—Submerged units incorporating electric generators or motors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
- H02K7/1807—Rotary generators
- H02K7/1823—Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
- H02K11/0094—Structural association with other electrical or electronic devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K16/00—Machines with more than one rotor or stator
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
- H02K21/24—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets axially facing the armatures, e.g. hub-type cycle dynamos
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
Abstract
A hydroelectric power generation apparatus according to the present invention is provided with: an upstream-side pipe (1); a downstream-side pipe (2); a runner casing (3); a boss (4a, 4b) that guides the water current in the direction of an inner wall of the upstream-side pipe; and a runner (5) housed within the runner casing rotatably around the axis of the runner casing. The boss is divided into one anchored boss unit (4a) that is anchored to the upstream-side pipe along the axis direction of the runner casing, and one rotating boss unit (4b) that is intermeshed with the runner. An armature (70) is mounted on the anchored boss, and a permanent magnet field (80) is placed on the rotation boss so as to be arranged in opposition to the armature.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to install and be used in the hydroelectric installation of water route (being in most cases water pipe).
Background technique
As disclosed in Patent Document 1, exploitation has and forms in the outside of waterwheel the structure of configuration generator part annularly, and in the situation that not building dam, installs and be used in the hydroelectric installation in the water route that has the upper and lower water course of difference of height, little rivers and creeks, agricultural water road and plant drainage road etc.This hydroelectric installation is gazed at as realizing intermountain portion etc. to be difficult to arrange a kind of of the means of marketing one's own products from a residing energy of the power transmission line of built generating institute.
Figure 11 is the sectional view that the structure of patent documentation 1 disclosed hydroelectric installation is shown.The circular stator 306 that possesses the armature winding 305a of coiling armature core 305b, to surround the form setting of the periphery of the pipeline that upstream side pipe arrangement 310 is engaged with downstream side pipe arrangement 312.To surround the form of the periphery of circular stator 306, be provided with the cooling mechanism 315 for the heating of cooling armature winding 305a again.Again, in periphery, paste and pay the circular rotor (impeller) 303 that has permanet magnet 304 and possess the propeller blade more outstanding than this interior Zhou Gengxiang radially inner side on interior week, with rotatable form, be arranged on the inner side of stator 306.On the axle center of housing that has engaged upstream side pipe arrangement 310 and downstream side pipe arrangement 312, in the inwall side of upstream side pipe arrangement 310, be installed with the wheel hub 302 of guiding current again.Again, the current direction that enters rotor 303 is applicable to the guide blades 301 of direction guiding of inclination of the propeller blade of rotor 303, is arranged between the outer circumferential face of wheel hub 302 and the inwall of upstream side pipe arrangement 310.Again, to be provided with water lubriucated bearing 307a, 307b with the opposed form in side of annulus of periphery central part that is provided with the rotor 303 of permanet magnet 304.
Prior art document:
Patent documentation 1: TOHKEMY 2006-189014 communique.
Summary of the invention
The problem that invention will solve:
When the existing hydroelectric installation shown in Figure 11 being installed and being used in the larger water route of sectional area, be necessary to strengthen a diameter that pastes the rotor 303 of paying the permanet magnet 304 having in periphery.Again, in this case, as shown in figure 12, subsides are paid when the use amount of the permanet magnet 304 of the peripheral curve of rotor 303 increases, also need to make the water lubriucated bearing 307a, the 307b that from the periphery of rotor 303, along radial outside, stepwise arrange, the stator 306 and the cooling mechanism 315 that possess armature winding 305a maximize.
, the generate output of hydroelectric installation generally by " K(ratio fixed number) * flow velocity
2* flow " represent.By means of this, be installed on high-lift (high flow rate) and small flow water route (i.e. the less water route of sectional area due to the relation between high flow rate and small flow) hydroelectric installation generate output and be installed on low lift (low flow velocity) and the generate output of the hydroelectric installation in the water route (water route that sectional area is larger due to the relation between low flow velocity and small flow) of large flow does not almost change sometimes.In this case, when the water route that hydroelectric installation is installed is changed to the water route of low lift and large flow from the water route of high-lift and small flow, the size that there is no need engine section also changes.Yet, in the situation that the existing hydroelectric installation shown in Figure 11, according to the increase of the sectional area in applicable water route, not only need the maximization (heavy caliber) of rotor, also need to make from the periphery of rotor along the structure of ladder (water lubriucated bearing 307a, 307b, stator 306 and cooling structure 315) radially, also maximize (heavy caliber).
Like this, in the situation that applicable existing hydroelectric installation compare the water route of low lift that sectional area is larger and large flow etc. with generate output in has and not only rotor also had to the whole maximization of device, and the lower problem such as producibility and Economy.
The present invention proposes in order to solve such a problem, and its object is to provide that a kind of to have each key element (flow velocity, flow, sectional area etc.) with water route as applicable object corresponding and from the hydroelectric installation of the applicable structure of the viewpoint of producibility, Economy and miniaturization.
The means of dealing with problems:
In order to solve described problem, according to the installation of certain form of the present invention the hydroelectric installation that is used in water route, possess: the upstream side pipe arrangement and the downstream side pipe arrangement that are installed on described water route, be held the impeller housing being arranged between described upstream side pipe arrangement and described downstream side pipe arrangement, be disposed at the wheel hub of the axis direction of described impeller housing, be contained in impeller described impeller housing in the form rotating in the axle center of described impeller housing around, described wheel hub is divided into rotary hub and at least one stationary hub, described rotary hub is embedded in described impeller, described at least one stationary hub with respect to described rotary hub on the axis direction of described impeller housing across predetermined distance ground fixed configurations, in described at least one stationary hub, be provided with armature, in described rotary hub, with the opposed form of the armature with described at least one stationary hub, be provided with permanet magnet excitation or electromagnet excitation.
According to described structure, for example form the rotary hub that is provided with the permanet magnet excitation of generator is embedded on impeller, and with rotary hub, the structure of the armature of generator is independently being set mutually at least one stationary hub.In this case, can design independently/make impeller and master section (rotary hub, stationary hub), each key element (flow, flow velocity, sectional area etc.) of having realized corresponding to water route hydroelectric installation from the suitable scale of the viewpoint of producibility, Economy and miniaturization can be provided simultaneously.
For example can independently determine generator capacity with the diameter of impeller, make the design that can only impeller be maximized with respect to the water route (water route that sectional area is larger) that imports more difficult low lift (low flow velocity) and large flow in existing hydroelectric installation.Illustrate in greater detail, the generate output of hydroelectric installation generally by " K(ratio fixed number) * flow velocity
2* flow " represent, be therefore installed on the generate output and the generate output not too large variation sometimes of hydroelectric installation that is installed on the water route (being the water route that sectional area is larger) of low lift (low flow velocity) and large flow of hydroelectric installation in the water route (being the water route that sectional area is less) of high-lift (high flow rate) and small flow.In this case, the larger water route of the sectional area of usining during as applicable object, even there is no need to change the size of engine section.Yet, in the situation that the structure of existing hydroelectric installation not only needs the maximization (heavy caliber) of rotor also to need master section is also maximized (heavy caliber).On the other hand, owing to can designing independently/make impeller and master section, therefore do not need master section to maximize and only impeller is maximized.
Otherwise while changing applicable object from the water route (water route that sectional area is larger) of low lift and large flow to the water route (water route that sectional area is less) of high-lift and small flow, the generate output of hydroelectric installation is not too large variation sometimes.In this case, owing to can designing independently/make impeller and engine section, therefore do not change engine section size and only by impeller miniaturization.
Therefore because being easily shirks the structure of master section from impeller, when can make the manufacturing process of hydroelectric installation simplify, improve the maintainability of hydroelectric installation again.
Although the place that arranges of master section changes to wheel hub from impeller, there is no need specially to change from the structure of existing hydroelectric installation the shape of impeller again.Therefore, for example can intactly inherit possess not the contacting completely of impeller, low vibrations, low noise and without the structure of the water lubriucated bearing of the existing hydroelectric installation of the feature of wet goods.
Again, by master section being arranged at than impeller on the rotary hub and stationary hub near the center axis position of impeller housing, therefore while generating electricity by means of this, this power generation part is exposed in the current in water route, need to be with the form setting of periphery of surrounding the water route as existing hydroelectric installation corresponding to the cooling mechanism of the scale of the diameter in water route.In addition, need to be with the form setting of periphery of surrounding the water route as existing hydroelectric installation corresponding to the stator of the generator of the scale of the diameter in water route yet.
Again, in the situation of existing hydroelectric installation, paste and pay the ponderable permanet magnet of tool, so the moment of inertia of impeller is larger in the peripheral curve of impeller, the start/stop of impeller needs more energy.Centrifugal force permanet magnet during again, due to rotation easily departs from from the peripheral curve of impeller.With respect to this, by master section being arranged at than impeller on the rotary hub and stationary hub near the center axis position of impeller housing, less by means of the moment of inertia of this impeller, therefore can suppress the needed energy of start/stop of impeller.
Again, permanet magnet excitation is being arranged at than impeller near the operation on the rotary hub of the center axis position of impeller housing, is paying in the operation of the peripheral curve of impeller and compare and want easily with permanet magnet excitation is pasted as existing hydroelectric installation.That is,, the in the situation that of existing hydroelectric installation, after making impeller, need to paste and pay permanet magnet.With respect to this, by forming, make the rotary hub that is provided with armature be entrenched in the structure on impeller, with this, can not wait for the making of impeller and design independently/make master section.
Also can be in described hydroelectric installation, the guide blades with the inwall that is fixedly arranged on described upstream side pipe arrangement, described wheel hub is divided into a stationary hub that is fixed on described upstream side pipe arrangement and a rotary hub that is embedded in described impeller along the axis direction of described impeller housing, on a described rotary hub, be provided with described permanet magnet excitation, a described stationary hub that is provided with described armature is fixedly arranged on the surface of the described guide blades of the center axis that is positioned at described upstream side pipe arrangement.
According to described structure, on upstream side pipe arrangement, be conventionally installed with guide blades, therefore by this guide blades, the stationary hub that is provided with armature being fixedly arranged on to upstream side pipe arrangement more can make simple for structureization of hydroelectric installation.Particularly, by advance, at the inside of guide blades insertion power cable, with this, can the electric power that armature was produced that be arranged at stationary hub be taken out to by aforesaid power cable to the outside in water route.
Also can be in described hydroelectric installation, the guide blades with the inwall that is fixedly arranged on described upstream side pipe arrangement, described wheel hub is divided into two stationary hub that are fixed on described upstream side pipe arrangement and described downstream side pipe arrangement and a rotary hub that is embedded in described impeller along the axis direction of described impeller housing, on a described rotary hub, be provided with described permanet magnet excitation, the stationary hub of a side who is provided with described armature in described two stationary hub is fixedly arranged on the inwall of described downstream side pipe arrangement, the stationary hub of the opposing party that described armature is not set in described two stationary hub is fixedly arranged on the surface of the described guide blades of the center axis that is positioned at described upstream side pipe arrangement.
Also can be in described hydroelectric installation, described wheel hub is divided into two stationary hub that are fixed on described upstream side pipe arrangement and described downstream side pipe arrangement and a rotary hub that is embedded in described impeller along the axis direction of described hub shell, on a described rotary hub, be provided with described permanet magnet excitation, on the both sides of described two stationary hub, be all provided with described armature.
According to described structure, be fixedly arranged on two stationary hub both sides of upstream side pipe arrangement and downstream side pipe arrangement and be all provided with armature, therefore can make generate output larger.
In described hydroelectric installation, described wheel hub is divided into two stationary hub that are fixed on described upstream side pipe arrangement and described downstream side pipe arrangement and a rotary hub that is embedded in described impeller along the axis direction of described impeller housing, the power transmission winding that is provided with field regulator in the stationary hub of a side in described two stationary hub and the alternating electromotive force from described field regulator output is carried out to power transmission, on a described rotary hub, be provided with the electric winding that is subject to described power transmission winding arranged opposite, described be subject to electric winding in the rectifier of the powered alternating electromotive force of rectification, and the electromagnet excitation of carrying out excitation from described rectifier by the direct current power of exporting, in the stationary hub of the opposing party in described two stationary hub to be provided with described armature with the form of described electromagnet excitation arranged opposite.
According to described structure, form structure rather than the permanet magnet excitation-type of the synchrous generator of electromagnet excitation-type, therefore, in the situation that will increasing generate output, do not need to use the permanet magnet than electromagnet high price.Again, can rectify and improve kind power rate by Excitation Adjustment, improve generating efficiency.
Invention effect:
According to the present invention, can provide a kind of and there is each element (flow velocity, flow, basal area etc.) corresponding to the water route as applicable object from the hydroelectric installation of the suitable structure of the viewpoint of producibility, Economy and miniaturization.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 illustrates according to the installation of example 1 of the present invention and is used in the sectional view of structure example of the hydroelectric installation in water route;
Fig. 2 is the figure of structure that the rotor of the hydroelectric installation shown in Fig. 1 is schematically shown;
Fig. 3 is the figure that the setting example of the armature on the stator that is arranged at the hydroelectric installation shown in Fig. 1 is shown;
Fig. 4 is the figure that the setting example of the epitrochanterian permanet magnet excitation that is arranged at the hydroelectric installation shown in Fig. 1 is shown;
Fig. 5 is the figure for the structural effect of the hydroelectric installation shown in explanatory drawing 1;
Fig. 6 is the sectional view of at length expressing the hydroelectric installation of the structure around of the water wheels plain besring shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 7 illustrates according to the installation of example 2 of the present invention and is used in the sectional view of structure example of the hydroelectric installation in water route;
Fig. 8 illustrates according to the installation of example 3 of the present invention and is used in the sectional view of structure example of the hydroelectric installation in water route;
Fig. 9 illustrates according to the installation of example 4 of the present invention and is used in the sectional view of structure example of the hydroelectric installation in water route;
Figure 10 is the block diagram illustrating according to the structure example in two of the hydroelectric installation shown in Fig. 9 stationary hub and a rotary hub;
Figure 11 is the sectional view that the structure of existing hydroelectric installation is shown;
Figure 12 is for the figure of the structural problem of the hydroelectric installation shown in Figure 11 is described.
Embodiment
Below, with reference to accompanying drawing, preferred example of the present invention is described.Separately, the identical reference symbol of identical or corresponding key element mark in following institute drawings attached, and the repetitive description thereof will be omitted.
(example 1)
Fig. 1 illustrates according to the installation of example 1 of the present invention and is used in the sectional view of structure example of the hydroelectric installation in water route.Fig. 2 is the figure of the structure of the rotor (following impeller 5 and rotary hub 4b) that schematically shows the hydroelectric installation shown in Fig. 1.Fig. 3 shows the figure of the setting example of the armature on the stator (following stationary hub 4a) that is arranged at hydroelectric installation shown in Fig. 3.Fig. 4 shows the figure of the setting example of the epitrochanterian permanet magnet excitation that is arranged at hydroelectric installation shown in Fig. 1.
Hydroelectric installation 100 shown in Fig. 1 possesses: the upstream side pipe arrangement 1 and the downstream side pipe arrangement 2 that are installed on water route (with reference to figure 5); Be clipped in the impeller housing 3 between upstream side pipe arrangement 1 and downstream side pipe arrangement 2; Be disposed on the axis direction of impeller housing 3, and in the internal direction of upstream side pipe arrangement 1, guide current and increase the wheel hub (4a, 4b) of the streamline shape of flow velocity; With the form that can around rotate in the axle center of impeller housing 3, be contained in impeller housing 3, and there is the impeller 5 of the opening portion (with reference to figure 2) of toroidal, and the guide blades 6 that is fixedly arranged on the inwall of upstream side pipe arrangement 1.Separately, be equipped with from the outstanding a plurality of propeller blades (not shown) of the radially inner side of impeller 5, guide blades 6 performances guide the effect of current in the matched direction of inclination of a plurality of propeller blades with impeller 5.
As shown in Figure 1, the impeller of streamline shape (4a, 4b) on the axis direction of impeller housing 3 two sections be divided into a wheel hub (hereinafter referred to as the stationary hub) 4a that is fixed on upstream side pipe arrangement 1 and a wheel hub (hereinafter referred to as the rotary hub) 4b that is embedded in the opening portion (with reference to figure 2) of the toroidal of impeller 5.And, on stationary hub 4a, be provided with armature 70(armature winding 7a, armature core 7b), on rotary hub 4b, be provided with the permanet magnet excitation 80(permanet magnet 8 having with a plurality of magnetic poles of armature 70 arranged opposite, stacked electromagnetic steel plate 9).Particularly, stationary hub 4a is fixedly arranged on the surface of conduit blade 6 of the center axis that is positioned at upstream side pipe arrangement 1, and by means of this, stationary hub 4a forms the state that is fixedly arranged on the inwall of upstream side pipe arrangement 1 by guide vane 6.Again, rotary hub 4b as shown in Figure 2, by being embedded in the opening portion 5a of the toroidal of impeller 5, can rotate with impeller 5 with this with becoming one.
The setting example of armature winding 7a and the armature core 7b of the armature 70 forming in stationary hub 4a has been shown in Fig. 3.Separately, a kind of as the setting example of armature winding 7a and armature core 7b in Fig. 3, the configuration of observing from the circumferential lateral surface of the stationary hub 4a of domed shape is shone upon by a dotted line with the configuration that the section of the toroidal from stationary hub 4a is observed.A plurality of on the section of the toroidal of stationary hub 4a (for example six) armature winding 7a for example, along the uniformly-spaced separated setting (60 degree intervals) of circumferencial direction of the section of this toroidal.Again, the plane shape of the armature core 7b of coiling armature winding 7a is toroidal.Separately figure 3 illustrates plane shape is the adjacent position, left and right of the figure of the armature core 7b of toroidal and the setting example of armature winding 7a, the setting example that the section that to show from plane shape be the stationary hub 4a of fan shape or OBL armature core 7b and armature winding 7a is observed.Separately, the number of armature winding 7a and armature core determines according to specification, is therefore not limited to the number of example as described above.Again, the form of the periphery coiling armature winding 7a that armature 70 is not limited at armature core 7b, can be also the form etc. that there is no the hollow armature winding 7a of armature core 7b.
Fig. 4 shows the setting example of the permanet magnet 8 of the permanet magnet excitation 80 forming in rotary hub 4b.Separately, a kind of as the setting example of permanet magnet 8 in Fig. 4, the configuration of observing from the circumferential lateral surface of the rotary hub 4b of domed shape is shone upon by a dotted line with the configuration that the section of the toroidal from rotary hub 4b is observed.The inside of observing rotary hub 4b from the section of the toroidal of rotary hub 4b is embedded with the permanet magnet 8 that has formed a plurality of magnetic poles.Two planes of separately, observing the permanet magnet 8 in inner side in place from the section of the toroidal of rotary hub 4b are pasted and are paid the stacked electromagnetic steel plate 9 that has stacked a plurality of circular electromagnetic steel plate and form.The type of the magnetic pole of permanet magnet 8 is the N utmost point/S utmost point of two groups to be provided with between each magnetic pole to four polar forms of ground, space configured separate.In addition, in Fig. 4, illustrated by the N utmost point/S utmost point of a group be provided with configured separate with gap two polar forms, the N utmost point/S utmost point of four groups is being provided with gap to the separated ends of the earth type arranging or the N utmost point/S utmost point of four groups be not provided with to ground, the space circular shape shape of configuration continuously circlewise between each magnetic pole between each magnetic pole.Again, as the situation of stacked electromagnetic steel plate 9 of circle shape, the N utmost point/S utmost point that yet shows the fan-shaped of four groups is not provided with space along the circumferencial direction of the stacked electromagnetic steel plate 9 cylinder type shape of configuration continuously between each magnetic pole.Separately, number of poles determines according to specification, is therefore not limited to exemplified number of poles as described above.
On the peripheral part of the impeller 5 of the hydroelectric installation shown in Fig. 1 100, possess water lubrication bearing 30a, 30b again.Water lubriucated bearing 30a, 30b are the bearings that utilizes water mobile in water route to be lubricated, and possess not the contacting completely of impeller 5, low vibration, low noise and without the feature of wet goods.Separately, according to shape water lubriucated bearing 30a, the 30b of the peripheral part of impeller 5, can intactly inherit existing structure.
Fig. 6 is the important document sectional view of at length expressing the hydroelectric installation of the structure around of water lubriucated bearing shown in Fig. 1.As shown in Figure 6, water lubriucated bearing 30a, 30b are the bearing structures when the central part of the peripheral curve of impeller 5 becomes toroidal 5b.Water lubriucated bearing 30a, 30b are by water supplying tubing 111 and intake 112 combinations that are arranged at upstream side pipe arrangement 1, and whose lubricating bearings 30a, 30b is taken into a part for current mobile in water route from the intake 112 of upstream side pipe arrangement 1 by water supplying tubing 111.Separately, at intake 112 places of upstream side pipe arrangement 1, be provided with the filter 110 being formed by chain link fence, filter 110 performances have the effect of getting rid of the particles such as rubbish.Water lubriucated bearing 30a, 30b locate arranged opposite at the upstream side of toroidal 5b and the bi-side in downstream side, and have the function with respect to the thrust-bearing of the upstream side of toroidal 5b and the bi-side in downstream side.Again, the position beyond the central part of the peripheral curve of impeller 5 forms with the toroidal 5b of the periphery central part of impeller 5 and compares, the shorter toroidal 5c in footpath from the axle center of impeller 5.Water lubriucated bearing 30a, 30b be in the peripheral curve place of toroidal 5c arranged opposite, and have to the function of the radial bearing of the outer circumferential face for toroidal 5c.Separately, with the slip surface of the toroidal 5b of the impeller 5 of water lubriucated bearing 30a, 30b on spraying plating have pottery.In addition, water lubriucated bearing 30a, 30b also can be formed by solid ceramic.
The hydroelectric installation 100 that possesses structure described above has adopted permanet magnet excitation 80(permanet magnet 8, the stacked electromagnetic steel plate 9 that makes to be provided with motor) rotary hub 4b be embedded in the opening portion 5a of the toroidal of impeller 5, and be independently provided with mutually armature 70(armature winding 7a, the armature core 7b of motor on stationary hub 4a with rotary hub 4b) structure.By means of this, can design independently/make impeller 5 and master section (rotary hub 4b, stationary hub 4a), can improve producibility simultaneously.
For example, can independently determine generate output with the diameter of impeller 5, in existing hydroelectric installation, in order to be applicable to import the water route (i.e. the larger water route of sectional area due to the relation of low flow velocity and large flow) of difficult low lift (low flow velocity) and large flow, can only runner 5 to be maximized and design/make.With reference to figure 5, illustrate in greater detail, the generate output of hydroelectric installation be expressed as " K(proportionality constant) * flow velocity
2* flow "; therefore the generate output of the hydroelectric installation of water route (that is, the less water route of sectional area due to the relation between high flow rate and small flow) upper installations of 200a of high-lift (high flow rate) and small flow with low lift (low flow velocity) and greatly the generate output of the hydroelectric installation of the upper installation of water route (water route that sectional area is larger) 200b of flow sometimes less than too large variation.In this case, while changing applicable object from the water route (water route that sectional area is less) of high-lift and small flow to the water route of low lift and large flow, the size that there is no need the master section of hydroelectric installation also changes.Yet, in the situation of the existing hydroelectric installation shown in Figure 11 and Figure 12, along with the increase of the sectional area in water route, not only need the maximization (heavy caliber) of impeller 303 also to need master section (306) maximize (heavy caliber).On the other hand, possess in the situation of hydroelectric installation 100 of structure discussed above, can design independently/make impeller 5 and master section (rotary hub 4b, stationary hub 4a), therefore the sectional area corresponding to be suitable for water route only need maximize impeller 5.
Otherwise while changing applicable object from the water route (water route that sectional area is larger) of low lift and large flow to the water route (water route that sectional area is less) of high-lift and small flow, the generate output of hydroelectric installation does not have the situation of too large variation sometimes.In this case, can design independently/make impeller 5 and master section (rotary hub 4b, stationary hub 4a), therefore not need the size that changes engine section only by impeller 5 miniaturizations.
Separately, in the situation in the water route of low lift and small flow (water route that sectional area is less), can be by impeller 5 and master section miniaturization simultaneously, but owing to can designing independently/make impeller 5 and master section, therefore in order to obtain sufficient generate output, can only master section be maximized.
Easily from impeller 5 handling master sections, when therefore can make the manufacturing process of hydroelectric installation simplify, improve the maintainability of hydroelectric power generating apparatus again.
Although the place that arranges of engine section changes in rotary hub 4b and stationary hub 4a from impeller 5, there is no need specially to change from the structure of existing hydroelectric installation the shape of impeller 5 again.Therefore, for example can intactly inherit possess not the contacting completely of impeller 5, low vibrations, low noise and without the structure (with reference to 307a, the 307b of Figure 11 and Figure 12) of the water lubriucated bearing of the existing hydroelectric installation of the feature of wet goods.
Again, by master section being arranged at than impeller 5 on the rotary hub 4b and stationary hub 4a near the center axis position of impeller housing 3, with this when generating this power generation part be exposed in the current in water route, therefore do not need existing hydroelectric installation as shown in FIG. 11 and 12 like that with the form setting of periphery of surrounding water route corresponding to the cooling mechanism 315 of the scale of water route diameter.In addition, do not need yet existing water route electricity generating device as shown in FIG. 11 and 12 like that with the form setting of periphery of surrounding water route corresponding to the stator 306 of the generator of the scale of water route diameter.
Again, in the situation of the existing hydroelectric installation shown in Figure 11 and Figure 12, in the peripheral curve of impeller 303, pasting to pay has the ponderable permanet magnet 304 of tool, so the moment of inertia of impeller 303 is larger, and the start/stop of impeller 303 needs more energy.Again, because centrifugal force permanet magnet 304 easily departs from from the peripheral curve of impeller 303.With respect to this, in the situation of hydroelectric installation 100, by master section being arranged to the inside near rotary hub 4b and the stationary hub 4a of the center axis position of impeller housing 3 than impeller 5, moment of inertia by means of this impeller 5 is less, therefore can suppress the needed energy of start/stop of impeller 5.
Again, permanet magnet excitation 80 is being arranged at than impeller 5 near the operation on the rotary hub 4b of the center axis position of impeller housing 3, it is easy than such permanet magnet excitation 80 is pasted of existing hydroelectric installation as shown in FIG. 11 and 12, to pay in the operation of the peripheral curve of impeller 303.That is,, in the situation of the existing hydroelectric installation shown in Figure 11 and Figure 12, after making impeller 303, need to paste and pay permanet magnet 304.With respect to this, by adopting the structure of opening portion 5a that the rotary hub 4b that is provided with permanet magnet excitation 80 is embedded in to the toroidal of impeller 5, with this, do not need to wait for the making of impeller 5, can design independently/make master section.
Again, therefore in upstream side pipe arrangement 1, be generally installed with guide blades 6, will be provided with armature 70(armature winding 7a, armature core 7b) stationary hub 4a by guide blades 6, be installed in and on upstream side pipe arrangement 1, can make the equipment of the hydroelectric installation 100 more simplicity that becomes.Particularly, mode with income in guide blades 6 with the electric wiring of armature 70 electrical connections of stationary hub 4a, and to take out the mode of this electric wiring from the outside of upstream side pipe arrangement 1 by guide blades 6, in guide blades 6, be provided with the wiring hole that electric wiring is used.
Separately, as the comparison form of example 1 of the present invention, can exemplify in wheel hub, be provided with the axis direction that is disposed at wheel hub running shaft, belong to paying of the common rotation of this running shaft the form that has the rotor of permanet magnet and pay the stator that belongs to the armature winding that has the periphery that is provided with space and is disposed at this rotor.This comparison form is compared with example 1 of the present invention, although it is identical to be provided with master section (rotor, stator) this point in wheel hub, the bearing that running shaft is used in wheel hub is necessary.In this case, for fear of generator be exposed to from rotation axial leaking in and be necessary to seal.Therefore again, to connect the form in the axle center of wheel hub, be provided with running shaft, even if wheel hub is divided into a plurality ofly, a plurality of wheel hubs after cutting apart still form the state being connected with in same running shaft.Therefore, compare with the example of the present invention 1 that only rotates rotary hub, it is large that moment of inertia becomes, and consumes more energy in the start/stop of rotor.
(example 2)
Fig. 7 illustrates according to the installation of example 2 of the present invention and is used in the sectional view of structure example of the hydroelectric installation in water route.With according to the distinctive points of the hydroelectric installation 100 of the example 1 shown in Fig. 1, be: be disposed at guiding current and increase the wheel hub of the streamline shape of flow velocity in the inwall direction of upstream side pipe arrangement 1 on the axis direction of impeller housing 3, three sections of two stationary hub (4a that are divided into domed shape, 4c) with a rotary hub 4b of cylindrical shape, and two stationary hub (4a, 4c), be provided with armature 70(armature winding 7a, armature core 7b) a side's stationary hub 4c is fixedly arranged on the inwall of downstream side pipe arrangement 2, and two stationary hub (4a, armature 70(armature winding 7a is not set 4c), armature core 7b) the opposing party's stationary hub 4a is fixedly arranged on the surface of the guide blades 6a of the center axis that is positioned at upstream side pipe arrangement 1.In other words, according in the situation of the hydroelectric installation 110 of the example 1 shown in Fig. 1, in the stationary hub 4 that is fixedly arranged on upstream side pipe arrangement 1 by guide blades 6, armature 70 is set, the electric power that rises that armature 70 produces is removed from the outside of upstream side pipe arrangement 1 by guide blades 6.On the other hand, according in the situation of the hydroelectric installation 101 of the example 2 shown in Fig. 7, on the stationary hub 4c that is fixedly arranged on downstream side pipe arrangement 2 by wheel hub fixed component 6b, armature 70 is set, the electric power that rises that armature 70 produces is removed from the outside of downstream side pipe arrangement 2 by fixed component 6b.
Other structures are identical with the hydroelectric installation 100 according to example 1, therefore omit their explanation.
(example 3)
Fig. 8 illustrates according to the installation of example 3 of the present invention and is used in the sectional view of structure example of the hydroelectric installation in water route.With according to the distinctive points of the hydroelectric installation 101 of the example 2 shown in Fig. 7, be on the both sides of two stationary hub (4a, 4c), to be provided with the armature (70a, 70b) being formed by armature winding 7a and armature core 7b.In other words, according in the situation of the hydroelectric installation 101 of the example 2 shown in Fig. 7, from be fixedly arranged on the armature 70 of the stationary hub 4c of downstream side pipe arrangement 2 by wheel hub fixed component 6b, take out generation power.Relative in this, according in the situation of the hydroelectric installation 102 of example shown in Fig. 83, when taking out generation power from be fixedly arranged on the armature 70b of the stationary hub 4c of downstream side pipe arrangement 2 by wheel hub fixed component 6b, from be fixedly arranged on the armature 70a of the stationary hub 4a of upstream side pipe arrangement 1 by wheel hub fixed component 6a, take out generation power.
In rotary hub 4b, be provided with the armature 70a arranged opposite of the stationary hub 4a of upstream side by permanet magnet 8 and the formed permanet magnet excitation of stacked electromagnetic steel plate 9 80a, and with the armature 70b arranged opposite of the stationary hub 4c in downstream side by permanet magnet 8 and the formed permanet magnet excitation of stacked electromagnetic steel plate 9 80b.; on the section of the upstream side in two sections of the toroidal of the rotary hub 4b of cylindrical shape, be provided with the permanet magnet excitation 80a with a plurality of magnetic poles of armature 70a arranged opposite, on the section of downstream side, be provided with the permanet magnet excitation 80b with a plurality of magnetic poles of armature 70b arranged opposite.Separately, the permanet magnet 8 as permanet magnet excitation 80a and permanet magnet excitation 80b can adopt the various setting examples shown in Fig. 4.Separately, on the upstream side of the rotary hub 4b at cylindrical shape and downstream side, arrange respectively permanet magnet excitation 80a, 80b, also can use the permanet magnet excitation that configures permanet magnet and form on the central part of the electromagnetic steel plate duplexer of stacked a plurality of electromagnetic steel plates.That is, the field pole of the generator corresponding with the armature 70a of upstream side of rotary hub 4b and the armature 70b in downstream side respectively, the permanet magnet of central part that can be by electromagnetic steel plate duplexer and commonization.By means of this, easy miniaturization when producibility and Economy are further improved.
Other structures with according to the hydroelectric installation 100 of example 1 and identical according to the hydroelectric installation 101 of example 2, therefore omit their explanation.
According to the hydroelectric installation 102 of structure described above, on the both sides that are fixedly arranged on two stationary hub (4a, 4c) on upstream side pipe arrangement 1 and downstream side pipe arrangement 2, be provided with armature (70a, 70b), therefore can make generate output become larger.
(example 4)
Fig. 9 illustrates according to the installation of example 4 of the present invention and is used in the sectional view of structure example of the hydroelectric installation in water route.Figure 10 is the block diagram illustrating according to the structure example in two of the hydroelectric installation shown in Fig. 9 stationary hub and a rotary hub.
Hydroelectric installation shown in Fig. 9 103, with according to the hydroelectric installation 101 of the example 2 shown in Fig. 7 and identical according to the hydroelectric installation 102 of the example 3 shown in Fig. 8, be disposed on the axis direction of impeller housing 3, and the wheel hub that guides current and increase the streamline shape of flow velocity in the internal direction of upstream side pipe arrangement 1 is divided into two stationary hub (4a, 4c) and a rotary hub 4b by three sections.Yet, with respect to the hydroelectric installation 102 shown in the hydroelectric installation 101 shown in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, using permanet magnet excitation 80, it is distinguishing that hydroelectric installation shown in Fig. 9 103 uses electromagnet magnetic field 14 this point.
Particularly, in two stationary hub (4a, 4c), a side stationary hub 4a is provided with field regulator 10 and transmits from the power transmission winding (induction winding) 11 of the alternating electromotive force of field regulator 10 outputs.Again, on rotary hub 4b, be provided with, with power transmission winding 11 arranged opposite be subject to electric winding (induction winding) 12, the rectifier 13 of the powered alternating electromotive force of rectification in being subject to electric winding 12, and the electromagnet magnetic field 14 being formed by the magnetic field winding being wound on the field core of the excitation by the direct current power from rectifier 13 output.In two stationary hub (4a, 4c), on the opposing party's stationary hub 4c, be provided with the armature 15 that the armature winding by the form coiling armature core with electromagnet magnetic field 14 arranged opposite forms again.
That is, power transmission winding 11 is by generating an electromagnetic field from the alternating electromotive force of field regulator 10 outputs, and the electromagnetic field that produced by power transmission winding 11 by electric winding 12 is subject to electricity by electromagnetically induced.Therefore, be subject to produce and induced electric power in electric winding 12.This induction plays electric power and by rectifier 13 rectifications, is direct current power and is supplied to electromagnet excitation 14.Electromagnet excitation 14 performance electromagnet functions also together with rotary hub 4b in the rotation around of the axle center of impeller housing 3, therefore make to produce in armature 15 starting point power.
According to the hydroelectric installation 103 of structure described above, form the structure of synchronous generator of electromagnet excitation rather than the structure of the synchronous generator of permanet magnet excitation, therefore can not use the permanet magnet of high price.In addition, can rectify and improve kind power rate by Excitation Adjustment, and improve generating efficiency.
By above-mentioned explanation, those skilled in the art understand more improvement of the present invention and other examples etc.Therefore, above-mentioned explanation only should explain as illustration, is to take to instruct and implement most preferred form of the present invention and provide as object to those skilled in the art.Without departing from the spirit of the invention within the scope, can change in fact the particular content of its structure and/or function.
Industrial applicability:
The present invention is not to building dam, and by upper and lower water course, little rivers and creeks, agricultural water road and plant drainage water route etc. for power generation application and the water route that has difference of height of especially also not applied flexibly, especially the hydroelectric installation of installing and using on the water route of low lift and large flow is useful.
Symbol description:
1 upstream side pipe arrangement;
2 downstream side pipe arrangements;
3 impeller housings;
4a, 4c stationary hub;
4b rotary hub;
5 impellers;
5a opening portion;
5b, 5c toroidal;
10 field regulators;
100,101,102,103 hydroelectric installations;
110 filters;
111 water supplying tubing;
112 intakes
11 power transmission windings;
12 are subject to electric winding;
13 rectifiers;
14 electromagnet excitations;
15 armatures;
200a, 200b water route;
30a, 30b water lubriucated bearing;
6,6a guide blades;
6b wheel hub fixed component;
70,70a, 70b armature;
7a armature winding;
7b armature core;
80 permanet magnet excitations
8 permanet magnets;
9 stacked electromagnetic steel plates.
Claims (5)
1. a hydroelectric installation, in installing and be used in the hydroelectric installation in water route, possesses:
Be installed on upstream side pipe arrangement and the downstream side pipe arrangement in described water route;
Be held the impeller housing being arranged between described upstream side pipe arrangement and described downstream side pipe arrangement;
Be disposed at the wheel hub of the axis direction of described impeller housing; With
With the form that can rotate in the axle center of described impeller housing, be contained in the impeller in described impeller housing around;
Described wheel hub is divided into rotary hub and at least one stationary hub;
Described rotary hub is embedded in described impeller;
Described at least one stationary hub with respect to described rotary hub on the axis direction of described impeller housing across predetermined distance ground fixed configurations;
In described at least one stationary hub, be provided with armature;
On described rotary hub, with the opposed form of the armature with described at least one stationary hub, be provided with permanet magnet excitation or electromagnet excitation.
2. hydroelectric installation according to claim 1, is characterized in that;
The guide blades with the inwall that is fixedly arranged on described upstream side pipe arrangement;
Described wheel hub is divided into a described stationary hub that is fixed on described upstream side pipe arrangement and a described rotary hub that is embedded in described impeller along the axis direction of described impeller housing;
On a described rotary hub, be provided with described permanet magnet excitation;
A described stationary hub that is provided with described armature is fixedly arranged on the surface of the described guide blades of the center axis that is positioned at described upstream side pipe arrangement.
3. hydroelectric installation according to claim 1, is characterized in that;
The guide blades with the inwall that is fixedly arranged on described upstream side pipe arrangement;
Described wheel hub is divided into two described stationary hub that are fixed on described upstream side pipe arrangement and described downstream side pipe arrangement and a described rotary hub that is embedded in described impeller along the axis direction of described impeller housing;
On a described rotary hub, be provided with described permanet magnet excitation;
The stationary hub that is provided with a side of described armature in described two stationary hub is fixedly arranged on the inwall of described downstream side pipe arrangement;
The stationary hub that is not provided with the opposing party of described armature in described two stationary hub is fixedly arranged on the surface of the described guide blades of the center axis that is positioned at described upstream side pipe arrangement.
4. hydroelectric installation according to claim 1, is characterized in that;
Described wheel hub is divided into two wheel hubs that are fixed on described upstream side pipe arrangement and described downstream side pipe arrangement and a rotary hub that is embedded in described impeller along the axis direction of described hub shell;
On a described rotary hub, be provided with described permanet magnet excitation;
On the both sides of described two stationary hub, be all provided with described armature.
5. hydroelectric installation according to claim 1, is characterized in that;
Described wheel hub is divided into two described stationary hub that are fixed on described upstream side pipe arrangement and described downstream side pipe arrangement and a rotary hub that is embedded in described impeller along the axis direction of described impeller housing;
The power transmission winding that is provided with field regulator in the stationary hub of a side in described two stationary hub and the alternating electromotive force from described field regulator output is carried out to power transmission;
On a described rotary hub, be provided with described power transmission winding arranged opposite be subject to electric winding, described be subject to electric winding in the rectifier of the powered alternating electromotive force of rectification and the electromagnet excitation of carrying out excitation from described rectifier by the direct current power of exporting;
In the stationary hub of the opposing party in described two stationary hub to be provided with described armature with the form of described electromagnet excitation arranged opposite.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012078727 | 2012-03-30 | ||
| JP2012-078727 | 2012-03-30 | ||
| PCT/JP2013/002043 WO2013145714A1 (en) | 2012-03-30 | 2013-03-26 | Hydroelectric power generation apparatus |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104136769A true CN104136769A (en) | 2014-11-05 |
| CN104136769B CN104136769B (en) | 2016-09-21 |
Family
ID=49259013
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201380011100.8A Expired - Fee Related CN104136769B (en) | 2012-03-30 | 2013-03-26 | Hydroelectric installation |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP5759618B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN104136769B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2013145714A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105484927A (en) * | 2016-01-14 | 2016-04-13 | 杭州江河水电科技有限公司 | Ocean direct current power source device |
| CN106593744A (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2017-04-26 | 西安理工大学 | Shaft through-flow turbine provided with tidal current energy rotating wheels |
| RU2637280C1 (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2017-12-01 | федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Национальный исследовательский университет "МЭИ" (ФГБОУ ВО "НИУ "МЭИ") | Shaftless straight-flow hydraulic turbine |
| CN111133189A (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2020-05-08 | 民昺坤 | Hydraulic hydro turbine utilizing a cylinder spaced from the axis of rotation and mounted wings and fixed funnels |
| CN115158622A (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-10-11 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所 | Integrated motor propulsion unit suitable for complex water area |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JOP20160154B1 (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2021-08-17 | Regeneron Pharma | Anti-psma antibodies, bispecific antigen-binding molecules that bind psma and cd3, and uses thereof |
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- 2013-03-26 CN CN201380011100.8A patent/CN104136769B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-03-26 JP JP2014507430A patent/JP5759618B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN1370257A (en) * | 1999-08-20 | 2002-09-18 | 东芝综合工程技术公司 | Axial flow hydraulic turbine electric generator system |
| WO2005080790A1 (en) * | 2004-02-20 | 2005-09-01 | Aratec Eng. Consultoria E Repres.Ltda. | Energy generating equipment |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105484927A (en) * | 2016-01-14 | 2016-04-13 | 杭州江河水电科技有限公司 | Ocean direct current power source device |
| CN106593744A (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2017-04-26 | 西安理工大学 | Shaft through-flow turbine provided with tidal current energy rotating wheels |
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| RU2637280C1 (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2017-12-01 | федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Национальный исследовательский университет "МЭИ" (ФГБОУ ВО "НИУ "МЭИ") | Shaftless straight-flow hydraulic turbine |
| CN111133189A (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2020-05-08 | 民昺坤 | Hydraulic hydro turbine utilizing a cylinder spaced from the axis of rotation and mounted wings and fixed funnels |
| CN111133189B (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2021-01-08 | 民昺坤 | Water turbine |
| CN115158622A (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-10-11 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所 | Integrated motor propulsion unit suitable for complex water area |
| CN115158622B (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2023-05-23 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所 | Integrated motor propulsion device suitable for complex water area |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP5759618B2 (en) | 2015-08-05 |
| CN104136769B (en) | 2016-09-21 |
| WO2013145714A1 (en) | 2013-10-03 |
| JPWO2013145714A1 (en) | 2015-12-10 |
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