CN104135300B - Ku-waveband multi-channel switching receiving device and switching receiving method - Google Patents

Ku-waveband multi-channel switching receiving device and switching receiving method Download PDF

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CN104135300B
CN104135300B CN201410384818.8A CN201410384818A CN104135300B CN 104135300 B CN104135300 B CN 104135300B CN 201410384818 A CN201410384818 A CN 201410384818A CN 104135300 B CN104135300 B CN 104135300B
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switching
layer
multichannel
passage
array
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CN104135300A (en
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陈潜
张翔
夏礼诺
卢护林
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Shanghai Radio Equipment Research Institute
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Shanghai Radio Equipment Research Institute
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Abstract

The invention discloses a Ku-waveband multi-channel switching receiving device. The Ku-waveband multi-channel switching receiving device comprises an antenna array, a multi-channel switching array and a main control module, wherein the antenna array comprises a plurality of antenna array elements for receiving Ku waveband signals; the multi-channel switching array is connected with the output of the antenna array, and comprises a plurality of switching layers formed hierarchically; each hierarchy of switching layer comprises a plurality of shift switches; the shift switches of each hierarchy of switching layer are used for combining two paths of channels output by a higher hierarchy of switching layer into one path of channel for outputting; and the main control module is communicated with each shift switch respectively, and is used for selecting and controlling a part of channels in the multi-channel switching array to be opened or closed. Channels for receiving Ku-waveband radio frequency signals are gated through the multi-channel switching array, so that certain channels can be specified to be in open states according to a set switching frequency, and meanwhile the remaining channels are in closed states.

Description

Ku wave bands multichannel switches reception device and switching method of reseptance
Technical field
The present invention relates to radio frequency arts, and in particular to a kind of Ku wave bands multichannel switching reception device and switching are received Method.
Background technology
In the gatherer process of array antenna signals reception system and signal, it is intended that antenna in the array is simultaneously It is not to open simultaneously or close, but according to our desired modes, opens or close specific bay.Such as For a linear array, it is intended that the array at a time starts to open first array element, closes in subsequent time and works as Front array element opens next array element simultaneously, or is sometime specifying some passages to be turned on and off simultaneously.This is accomplished by leading to Cross a multichannel switching matrix control to realize.When receiving, the frequency residing for signal is very high, such as during Ku wave bands, entirely connect Receive Insertion Loss, gain control, passage consistency and power managed of passage etc. and just seem extremely important.
Existing some Multichannel switching apparatus such as " multi-channel A/D conversion device "(The patent No.:200620123567.9) The multichannel analog signals of input can be selected, and the analogue signal all the way for selecting is completed into mould by controlling sample circuit Number conversion.But the device can only be gated to voltage signal and sampled, and be not particularly suited for radio frequency microwave circuit.
Another kind of channel selection device " the signal channel selection control circuit " (patent No.:03259742) by button On-off control passage is gated, it is impossible to precise control its according to certain frequency switching channel in turn.
The port number of at present Ku waveband radio frequencies multichannel switching reception device is generally 2,4,6 etc., most for 16 passages, Requirement to power supply, phase equalization is not high, but in some application scenarios, port number is likely to be breached tens or even up to a hundred, And the requirement to power supply, phase equalization is also very high.This multichannel switching reception device is there is no at present.
Therefore it provides a kind of radio frequency multichannel switching reception device suitable for Ku wave bands is actually necessary.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of Ku wave bands multichannel switching reception device and switching method of reseptance, realizes receiving ku wave bands During signal, it is intended that passage portion is in opening, while remaining passage is closed, energy consumption is saved.
For achieving the above object, the present invention provides a kind of Ku wave bands multichannel switching reception device, is characterized in, its bag Contain:
Aerial array, it includes some bays for receiving Ku band signal;
Multichannel switches array, and it includes the switching layer that some levels are arranged, respectively:If the input layer for cascading successively, Dry intermediate layer and output layer;Every grade of switching layer includes some switching switches;In the intermediate layer, per the switching of one-level switching layer Switch to merge into the two paths of its upper level switching layer output and export all the way, and control the break-make of the road output;It is described In input layer, each paths connection corresponding with each bay of aerial array respectively of switching switch input, by phase The passage of adjacent two-way input is merged into and exported all the way, and controls the break-make of the road output;In the output layer, switching switch will The passage of adjacent two-way input is merged into and exported all the way, and controls the break-make of the road output;
Main control module, it communicates to connect respectively each switching switch, and by switching switch multichannel switching is selected and control Passage portion in array is in and is turned on and off.
Low-noise amplifier is provided between above-mentioned input layer and intermediate layer.
Low-noise amplifier is provided between above-mentioned intermediate layer and output layer.
Above-mentioned Ku wave bands multichannel switching reception device also includes energy supply control module, and its difference circuit connection is per all the way Each low-noise amplifier in passage, controls respectively the low-noise amplifier in each paths and is in for being electrically turn off, normally Electricity is gone up in advance in power supply.
Above-mentioned main control module adopts field programmable gate array.
A kind of multichannel switching method of reseptance of above-mentioned Ku wave bands multichannel switching reception device, is characterized in, the method Comprising:
Antenna array receiver Ku band signal is exported to multichannel and switches array;
Main control module needs the passage for selecting to open, control to be chosen the switch of the switching in the passage opened according to user Conducting;Switching switch in the passage of not selected unlatching is remained open.
When the non-selected passage of above-mentioned main control module is opened, energy supply control module passage not to non-selected unlatching and therein Low-noise amplifier is powered;
When main control module selects the passage opened, energy supply control module enters to the passage and low-noise amplifier therein Row power supply.
The method of supplying power to of above-mentioned energy supply control module includes the mode of operation that adjacent power supply is sequentially turned on and circulated, comprising: Power supply electrifying stable transit time is about rising edge 300us, when using, five to ten tunnels of foremost is first turned on during system boot The power supply of passage, starts transmission signal after 300us, when often carrying out a pulse-recurrence time, closes that earliest a-road-through The power supply in road, and adjacent that channel power source all the way is opened, circulation goes on.
Back end signal process is carried out after above-mentioned multichannel switching array output Ku band signal.
Above-mentioned back end signal is processed and included:The phase contrast of each channel receiving signal is corrected with amplitude makes its consistent, Then imaging processing is carried out.
The Ku band signal of Ku wave bands multichannel switching reception device of the present invention and switching method of reseptance and prior art is adopted Collection technology is compared, and is had an advantage in that, the present invention switches array by multichannel, and the passage to receiving Ku waveband radio frequency signals is carried out Gating, realizes according to set switching frequency, it is intended that some passages are in opening, while remaining passage is in closing State;
The present invention is provided with low-noise amplifier, noise-reduction coefficient, it is ensured that signal gain;
The present invention is provided with energy supply control module, may be selected to be powered passage portion, it is to avoid bulk supply power consumption is excessive.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that Ku wave bands multichannel of the present invention switches reception device;
Fig. 2 is the circuit block diagram of main control module of the present invention and switching switch.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is further illustrated.
As shown in figure 1, the embodiment for switching reception device for a kind of Ku wave bands multichannel.Its bandwidth of operation is 200MHz, It is better than 3dB with interior gain conformity error, with interior phase equalization 2 ° is better than.The device is included:Aerial array 100 and electrically connect Connect the multichannel switching array 200 of the outfan of aerial array 100.
In the present embodiment, aerial array 100 includes 64 bays 101, and each bay 101 is used as connecing Receive the receiving channel of Ku band signal.
Multichannel switching array 200 includes the switching layer of six levels setting, respectively:The first order radio frequency for cascading successively Switching layer 210, second level radio-frequency (RF) switch layer 220, third level radio-frequency (RF) switch layer 230, fourth stage radio-frequency (RF) switch layer 240, level V Radio-frequency (RF) switch layer 250 and the 6th grade of radio-frequency (RF) switch layer 260.Include 32 switching switches in first order radio-frequency (RF) switch layer 210, the Two grades of radio-frequency (RF) switch layers 220 include 16 switching switches, and third level radio-frequency (RF) switch layer 230 includes 8 switchings and switchs, and the 4th Level radio-frequency (RF) switch layer 240 includes 4 switching switches, and level V radio-frequency (RF) switch layer 250 includes 2 switchings and switchs, the 6th grade Radio-frequency (RF) switch layer 260 includes a switching switch.
In the present embodiment, switching switch uses the radio frequency converting switch of single-pole double throw.Each switching switch input two Paths, export passage all the way;By 210 to the 6th grades of radio-frequency (RF) switch layer 260 of first order radio-frequency (RF) switch layer, per one-level switching layer The two paths of its upper level switching layer output are merged into passage output all the way by switching switch.
32 switching switches in first order radio-frequency (RF) switch layer 210, the input termination two-way receiving channel of each switching switch, 32 switching switch tunnel receiving channels of Gong Jie 64, the 64 tunnel receiving channel is connected respectively 64 into aerial array 100 Bay 101;Outfan then exports 32 tunnel radio-frequency channels, and 64 tunnel receiving channels are divided into into 32 groups.
16 switching switches of second level radio-frequency (RF) switch layer 220, input termination first order radio frequency of each switching switch is opened Close the two radio-frequency channels of the output of layer 210,16 switching switch Gong Jie 32 tunnel radio-frequency channels;Outfan then exports 16 road radio frequencies and leads to Road.
8 switching switches of third level radio-frequency (RF) switch layer 230, the input termination second level radio-frequency (RF) switch of each switching switch The two radio-frequency channels of the output of layer 220,8 switching switch Gong Jie 16 tunnel radio-frequency channels;Outfan then exports 8 tunnel radio-frequency channels.
4 switching switches of fourth stage radio-frequency (RF) switch layer 240, the input termination third level radio-frequency (RF) switch of each switching switch The two radio-frequency channels of the output of layer 230,4 switching switches connect altogether 8 tunnel radio-frequency channels;Outfan then exports 4 tunnel radio-frequency channels.
2 switching switches of level V radio-frequency (RF) switch layer 250, the input termination fourth stage radio-frequency (RF) switch of each switching switch The two radio-frequency channels of the output of layer 240,2 switching switches connect altogether 4 tunnel radio-frequency channels;Outfan then exports 2 tunnel radio-frequency channels.
1 switching switch of the 6th grade of radio-frequency (RF) switch layer 260, the input termination level V radio-frequency (RF) switch of each switching switch The two radio-frequency channels of the output of layer 250;Outfan then exports radio-frequency channel all the way.This exports switch array as multichannel all the way 200 output.
In the 32 tunnel radio-frequency channels between first order radio-frequency (RF) switch floor 210 and second level radio-frequency (RF) switch floor 220, per all the way It is designed with a first order low-noise amplifier 310(LNA), the docking collection of letters number carries out low noise amplification, and ensures that each reception is led to Road phase place is consistent.The first order low-noise amplifier 310 selects model NC1075C-1015 chip.NC1075C-1015 chips Using Low-noise GaAs technique, specific targets are as follows:1)Frequency range:10 GHz~15 GHz;2)Noise coefficientF n:1.7 dB; 3)Typical gains G:28 dB;4)1 dB compresses point output power:+11 dBm;5)Input, output VSWR:1.6/1.6;6)Work Make voltage:+5V;7)Maximum operating currenbt:50mA.
In two radio-frequency channels between level V radio-frequency (RF) switch layer 250 and the 6th grade of radio-frequency (RF) switch layer 260, per all the way A second level low-noise amplifier 320 is designed with, signal to noise ratio is improved.The second level low-noise amplifier 320 equally selects type Number be NC1075C-1015 chips.
In the present embodiment, multichannel switching array 200 need to use altogether six grades of totally 63 switching switches, 34 low noise amplifications Device, single channels have the low-noise amplifier of two grades of overall gain G=56 dB, the switching switch of six grades of insertion loss L=1, transmission line Line length is about 702 mm, and the dB of transmission line line loss about 10, chip interconnection line is lost about 20 dB.Then passage overall gain is about:G=56- 6×1-10-20=20 (dB)。
Multichannel switches array 200 as RF front-end circuit, and RF front-end circuit micro-strip plate uses the bases of ROGERS 5880 Material, DIELECTRIC CONSTANT ε=2.2, loss tangent is that the insertion loss of the long microstrip lines of 0.0009,100mm is about 2dB.
Further, the switching switch in Ku wave bands multichannel switching reception device can be spelled according to specific requirement movement Connect, and according to using the quantity for needing to increase or decrease bay, switching switch.
Due to switching channel number it is more(The tunnels of the present embodiment Zhong Wei 64), for the response real-time for ensureing to switch, need certain A little passages are in power supply state, but this can bring overall power consumption excessive, therefore Ku wave bands multichannel disclosed in this invention is cut Changing-over receiving apparatus are additionally provided with energy supply control module, and energy supply control module adopts NC1075C-1015 chips, and running voltage is+5V, Operating current is 50 mA, and the NC1075C-1015 chips of adjacent 8 radio-frequency channels can share voltage stabilizing chip LT1129-5. The voltage stabling control of LT1129-5 is less than 500 μ s, and during work, LT1129-5 can shift to an earlier date 500 μ s and do voltage stabilizing preparation.Power supply Respectively circuit is connected to each low-noise amplifier per radio-frequency channel all the way to module, will according to the work of conducting radio-frequency channel Ask, the low-noise amplifier in controlling per radio-frequency channel all the way respectively in for being electrically turn off, normal power supply state or armed state, Because upper electricity stably needs the time, so needing to go up electricity in advance, herein armed state as shifts to an earlier date power-up state.
As shown in Fig. 2 Ku wave bands multichannel switching reception device disclosed in this invention also includes main control module 400, Main control module 400 adopts field programmable gate array(FPGA).FPGA has flexible design modification, I/O aboundresources, is good at simultaneously The characteristics of row signal processing, therefore, the sampling control module realized using FPGA can meet the requirement of multi-channel high-speed collection.
3 kinds of mode of operations are devised in main control module 400, the first is used when being normal work collection signal, to receive According to the certain order of certain frequency, example after the triggering of a string of binary coding orders of one start-up operation of outside input Such as from left to right switch successively according to the time interval of 100us, after the completion of enter holding state and wait the mode that triggers next time, Gating passage all the way, trigger and work order are all that, by outside offer, trigger is impulse form, Transistor-Transistor Logic level, this FPGA unit in device proceeds by switch operating, trigger when the rising edge of trigger pulse of outside offer is detected It is to be input into by bus.Work order is input in this device by bus in the form of Transistor-Transistor Logic level.
Use when being debugging calibration troubleshooting for second, be to read channel selecting after external trigger is received to instruct gating right The passage answered simultaneously keeps, and when next triggering again reads off the corresponding passage of channel selecting instruction gating and keeps, is followed with this Ring.
The third is used when being System Functional Test, is received and is started to read gating command with certain frequency and open after triggering Open corresponding passage.The passage of gating is defeated by the signal that the signaling interface on rear face plate receives corresponding reception antenna Go out, K-type interface is set in this example.Its upper cover plate is fixed by screw with box body, can be opened on demand, is easy to adjust Examination.Its front panel is welded with each 4 redundant antennas of 64 Microstrip Receiving Antennas and left and right.Its rear extension area is built with power supply And control circuit, by the bus on rear face plate extension area and signaling interface external connection, bus selects DB25 in this example Interface, clock signal selects SMA interfaces.
The circuit of output terminal of main control module 400 is connected with switch drive chip 500, and switch drive chip 500 selects MA-COM The MADR-010574 of company, main control module 400 reads in 12 bit control datas, controls the manostat of respective radio-frequency passage(Voltage stabilizing Chip LT1129-5)Enable, and a switch drive chip 500 is given by 1 bit control signals, switch drive chip 500 is produced Raw switch bias electric current, exports to correspondence switching switch, completes correspondence switching and switches on-off.
Switch chip is provided with switching switch, for receiving the switch bias electric current of the output of switch drive chip 500, to drive Dynamic switching switch open or closing.Switch chip selects NC1667C-618 chips, and its specific targets is as follows:1)Frequency range:6 GHz~18 GHz;2)Insertion loss L:<0.6 dB;3)Isolation:>55 dB;4)RF biasing networks form is built-in;5)Standing wave: 1.3。
To sum up, the total technical index of the Ku wave bands multichannel switching reception device disclosed in the present embodiment is as follows:1) Working frequency range and bandwidth:Ku wave bands, bandwidth 200MHz;2)Switching way:64;3)Gain:>16 dB;4)Isolation:>30 dB; 5)Standing-wave ratio:<1.5;6)Noise coefficient:<6 dB;7)Switching control mode:FPGA and switch(Microwave equipment provides control letter Number and synchronizing signal);8)Switching control frequency:It is adjustable(Sequence circuit combination control);9)With interior phase equalization error:<2°; 10)Maximal input is required:<-40dBm;11)Operating temperature:-20°C~+70°C;12)Array element is spaced:20 mm.
A kind of shell of Ku wave bands multichannel switching reception device similar cuboid from terms of profile of the present invention, rear has One extension area.It is antenna stationary plane that device is anterior, antenna can be welded on the face, it is ensured that the stability of antenna.After device Side middle part is to the left one piece of extension area, and it is power supply and main control module that it is internal.There are two to connect on the rear face plate of this extension area Mouthful, one of them is bus hub, and its effect can provide instruction input for supplies voltages, for control circuit;Another For signal plug, its effect can provide stable clock source for control circuit.There is a signal to insert on device rear face plate Seat, its effect be by gating that all the way microwave signal export to the radio-frequency transmitter of rear end.There are 8 installing holes device side, There are 6 installing holes centre, for experiment and can hang the fixed approach of winged offer.
Ku wave bands multichannel switching reception device inside is radio-frequency channel, and radio-frequency channel is by microwave cavity and microwave cable phase Even constitute, period can add switching switch and low-noise amplifier to select required radio-frequency channel and ensure signal gain.Due to Cavity path and length of cable are all fixed value, therefore time delay of the microwave during each channel transfer is fixed value.Due to Receiving channel is inside described device, and device is all-metal sealing material, and device has good Electro Magnetic Compatibility and prevents The ability of microwave leakage.
The time delay of the path corresponding to each bay 101 of aerial array 100 is a fixed value, it is ensured that antenna is steady Gu, with good Electro Magnetic Compatibility, time delay is that a fixed value ensures that the time delay of each passage is fixed, in actual test When measure.The for example time delay of first passage is 20ns, and the time delay of second passage is 35ns, etc..The time delay of each passage Differ it does not matter whether, as long as being ensured of fixed.
The both sides of device front antenna stationary plane have redundant antenna to design, i.e., in addition to the antenna corresponding to radio-frequency channel also There are several antenna welding positions, this design can effectively suppress the border effect of center linear array antenna, it is ensured that each day The backward energy that line is received is consistent.
Put cover plate on device to be fixedly connected by screw with main body, it may be necessary to dismantle to safeguard internal components.
Invention additionally discloses a kind of multichannel switching method of reseptance of Ku wave bands multichannel switching reception device, the method bag Containing following steps:
Step 1, aerial array 100 receive Ku band signal and export to multichannel and switch array 200.
Step 2, main control module 400 select as needed the radio-frequency channel opened, and control set in the radio-frequency channel Switching switch is all turned on, and does not select the switch of the switching in the receiving channel opened to remain open.
In the present embodiment according to the requirement of device user, by the programming realization dedicated tunnel of main control module 400 The automatic switchover of switch or passage.There are three kinds of mode of operations to be respectively automatic operation mode, triggering mode of operation, debugging efforts Pattern, device user sends operating mode instruction and channel selecting instruction by external control deviceses to switching switch.
Outside line connection is finished first, checks that connection correctly goes up afterwards electricity, clock signal is passed through SMA mouths by model machine Input main control module 400(FPGA), at this moment FPGA start waiting for work order.Upper computer end arranges mode of operation, selector channel And setting triggers frequency and is sent to the sequential version of model machine by serial ports, sequential version is instruction morphing into level signal by what is received FPGA is sent to by DB25 buses, FPGA read work mode signals first switch to after corresponding modes etc. to be triggered, read Channel selection information and controlling switch complete the break-make of passage.
Ku wave bands multichannel switching reception device adopts energy supply control module, main control module 400 it is non-selected some or When some radio-frequency channels are opened, energy supply control module controls radio-frequency channel not to those non-selected unlatchings and low noise therein Amplifier, i.e. first order low-noise amplifier 31 and second level low-noise amplifier 320, power supply.And work as main control module 400 and select During the receiving channel of unlatching, the radio-frequency channel and low-noise amplifier therein that energy supply control module is opened to the selection is carried out Power supply.
The method of supplying power to of energy supply control module includes multiple-working mode, and mode of operation is burned FPGA after user program In.Burned different program can realize different switching modes as needed.Power supply equally by FPGA controls, in order to ensure Switching is smooth, generally require give down in advance all the way or under several Lu Shang electricity.
The mode of operation that a kind of adjacent power illustrated below is sequentially turned on and circulated, it is specifically included:Power supply electrifying Stable transit time is about rising edge 300us, and stable transit time is referred to from upper electricity to the time required for current stabilization.Use When, the corresponding power supply in five to ten tunnel radio-frequency channels of foremost is first turned on during system boot, transmitting letter is started after 300us Number, often carry out a pulse-recurrence time(PRT)When, close the power supply of earliest that radio-frequency channel all the way, and open adjacent that The power supply of radio-frequency channel all the way, circulation goes on.
Back end signal process is carried out after step 3, multichannel switching array output Ku band signal.Differ for compensation chips The phase error caused in technique of making peace assembling.Back end signal process is included:Process after signals collecting on host computer, mainly It is that phase contrast and amplitude to each channel receiving signal are inconsistent to be corrected, then carries out imaging processing.
Although present disclosure has been made to be discussed in detail by above preferred embodiment, but it should be appreciated that above-mentioned Description is not considered as limitation of the present invention.After those skilled in the art have read the above, for the present invention's Various modifications and substitutions all will be apparent.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be limited to the appended claims.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of multichannel of Ku wave bands multichannel switching reception device switches method of reseptance, and Ku wave bands multichannel switching is received Device is included:Aerial array, the multichannel switching array of circuit connection aerial array outfan, circuit connecting multi-channel switching battle array The main control module and energy supply control module of row;The switching layer that multichannel switching array is arranged comprising some levels, respectively:Successively The input layer of cascade, some intermediate layers and output layer;Every grade of switching layer includes some switching switches;In the intermediate layer, often The two paths of its upper level switching layer output are merged into and exported all the way by the switching switch of one-level switching layer, and control the road The break-make of output;In the input layer, switching switch input each paths respectively with each antenna array of aerial array Unit's correspondence connection, the passage that adjacent two-way is input into is merged into and is exported all the way, and controls the break-make of the road output;The output In layer, the passage that adjacent two-way is input into is merged into and exported all the way by switching switch, and controls the break-make of the road output;Input layer It is provided between intermediate layer between low-noise amplifier, and/or intermediate layer and output layer and is provided with low-noise amplifier;Power supply Module difference circuit connects each low-noise amplifier in each paths, and the low noise controlled respectively in each paths is put Big device in for being electrically turn off, normal power supply or go up electricity in advance;Characterized in that, the method is included:
Antenna array receiver Ku band signal is exported to multichannel and switches array;
Main control module needs the passage for selecting to open according to user, and the switching switch that control is chosen in the passage opened is led It is logical;Switching switch in the passage of not selected unlatching is remained open;
The method of supplying power to of the energy supply control module includes the mode of operation that adjacent power is sequentially turned on and circulated, comprising:Electricity Electricity stable transit time is about rising edge 300us on source, and when using, five to ten tunnels that foremost is first turned on during system boot lead to The power supply in road, starts transmission signal after 300us, when often carrying out a pulse-recurrence time, closes earliest that passage all the way Power supply, and open adjacent that channel power source all the way, circulation goes on.
2. multichannel as claimed in claim 1 switches method of reseptance, it is characterised in that the non-selected passage of the main control module is opened Qi Shi, energy supply control module passage not to non-selected unlatching and low-noise amplifier therein are powered;
When main control module selects the passage opened, energy supply control module is supplied the passage and low-noise amplifier therein Electricity.
3. multichannel as claimed in claim 1 switches method of reseptance, it is characterised in that the multichannel switching array output Ku Back end signal process is carried out after band signal.
4. multichannel as claimed in claim 3 switches method of reseptance, it is characterised in that the back end signal is processed and included:It is right The phase contrast of each channel receiving signal is corrected with amplitude makes its consistent, then carries out imaging processing.
CN201410384818.8A 2014-08-07 2014-08-07 Ku-waveband multi-channel switching receiving device and switching receiving method Active CN104135300B (en)

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