CN104134598A - Multi-electron-beam inductive output tube - Google Patents
Multi-electron-beam inductive output tube Download PDFInfo
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- CN104134598A CN104134598A CN201410408763.XA CN201410408763A CN104134598A CN 104134598 A CN104134598 A CN 104134598A CN 201410408763 A CN201410408763 A CN 201410408763A CN 104134598 A CN104134598 A CN 104134598A
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Abstract
A multi-electron-beam inductive output tube is composed of three portions, wherein the first portion is an input system composed of a grid-control multi-electron-beam electronic gun and an input cavity, and feed-in microwave signals are fed into the input cavity through a coaxial input cable; the second portion is an output cavity, a reentry-type cylindrical resonant cavity is adopted in the output cavity, a clearance of the output cavity is composed of a gap between two machining drifting channels in the axial direction of cylindrical metal, direct-current energy of multiple electron beams is interchanged with energy generated by a high-frequency field at the clearance of the output cavity, and transformational high-frequency microwaves are output through a coaxial output cable; the third portion is a collector which is used for collecting energy of the electron beams finishing beam-wave interaction. The multi-electron-beam inductive output tube is simple and practical, has the advantages of being easy to machine, low in technology processing difficulty and the like, and also has the advantages of being low in working voltage, high in efficiency, wide in frequency band, high in gain, long in service life, low in operating and maintaining cost and the like at the same power level compared with a traditional inductive output tube.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric vacuum technology field, relate in particular to a kind of polyelectron note inductive output tube.
Background technology
Inductive output tube, also claims velocity modulation tetrode, and it gets up the advantages of microwave tetrode and klystron, is a kind of compact low-frequency high-power microwave amplifier part, is also a kind of density modulation microwave tube that electrostatic control pipe and klystron are mutually combined and formed.In inductive output tube, input resonator produces high-frequency electric field between grid and negative electrode, controls the electron emission of hot cathode, obtains the electron beam of density modulation.Density modulation electron beam, through being added in after the high pressure acceleration between grid and anode, enters output cavity through after one section of drift space, and induce high frequency voltage on export resonance cavity gap; Density modulation electron beam and output cavity high frequency voltage interact and obtain High frequency amplification, and the high frequency power of amplification is through the output of output transmission line.
Compare with klystron, inductive output tube has that volume is little, lightweight, efficiency advantages of higher, is particularly suitable for low-frequency range application.Compare with microwave three, tetrode, inductive output tube can be operated in higher frequency, larger power, has higher gain.
In recent years, digital TV transmitter, particle accelerator, radar and the application such as communicate by letter have proposed new requirement to inductive output tube, particularly at aspects such as useful life, reliability, stability and operation and maintenance costs, have higher requirement.Therefore traditional inductive output tube is just difficult to accomplish something, and in the urgent need to developing a kind of new inductive output tube, adapts to new applied environment and new demand.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides a kind of polyelectron note inductive output tube, to realize the microwave of high power and high-gain, amplify.
To achieve these goals, as one aspect of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of polyelectron note inductive output tube, comprising:
Grided electron gun, for realizing transmitting and the convergence of electron beam;
Input cavity 2, for feed-in microwave signal, and forms high-frequency electric field, and the electron beam of described grided electron gun transmitting is modulated into electron beam;
Drift passage 12, is used to form the transmission channel of described electron beam; And
Output cavity 10, for amplifying output by energy exchange to the described microwave signal of input.
Wherein, described grided electron gun comprises heater 1, polyelectron note negative electrode 3 and grid 8, described polyelectron note negative electrode 3 divergent bundles, and 8 pairs of described electron beams of described grid are assembled.
Wherein, between the aperture plate of described grid 8 and described polyelectron note negative electrode 3, form high-frequency electric field, realize the density modulation of described polyelectron note negative electrode 3 emission currents.
Wherein, a plurality of little negative electrode of described polyelectron note negative electrode 3 for processing on a metal plate.
Wherein, described output cavity 10 adopts cylindrical reentrant cavity structure.
Wherein, described drift passage 12 is N the drift passage being symmetric, thereby forms N electron beam, and N is positive integer.
Wherein, the electron beam of being launched by described electron gun after accelerating with the radio-frequency field generation energy exchange of the gap location of described output cavity 10, the high-frequency microwave transforming is thus by coaxial output cable 11 outputs, and the gap of wherein said output cavity 10 consists of the space of two sections of drift passages.
As another aspect of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of polyelectron note negative electrode, a plurality of little negative electrode of described polyelectron note negative electrode 3 for processing on a metal plate.
As another aspect of the present invention, the present invention also provides a kind of drift passage, and described drift passage 12 is N the drift passage being symmetric, thereby forms N electron beam, and N is positive integer.
From technique scheme, polyelectron note inductive output tube of the present invention adopts the inductive output tube of polyelectron note, under same power level, have that operating voltage is low, perveance large, it is high to gain, efficiency is high, long service life and a feature such as operation expense is low; And the drift passage that adopts polyelectron note negative electrode and polyelectron to note also causes simple for structure.Polyelectron note inductive output tube of the present invention, reducing operating voltage, the aspect of performance that improves inductive output tube has its unique advantage, solved that traditional klystron is large at low-frequency range volume, cost is high, safeguard complicated shortcoming, also solved the deficiency that traditional inductive output tube gain is low, frequency band is narrow and operation expense is high simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of polyelectron note inductive output tube of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of polyelectron note negative electrode of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of polyelectron note inductive output tube drift passage of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals in the present invention:
1, heater, 2, input cavity, 3, polyelectron note negative electrode, 4, coaxial input cable, 5, high frequency choke coil, 6, anode, 7, electron gun insulation porcelain, 8, grid, 9, gap, 10, output cavity, 11, coaxial output cable, 12, drift passage, 13, collector insulation porcelain, 14, electron beam, 15, collector.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.It should be noted that, in accompanying drawing or specification description, similar or identical part is all used identical figure number.The implementation that does not illustrate in accompanying drawing or describe is form known to a person of ordinary skill in the art in affiliated technical field.In addition, although the demonstration of the parameter that comprises particular value can be provided herein, should be appreciated that, parameter is without definitely equaling corresponding value, but can in acceptable error margin or design constraint, be similar to corresponding value.
The operation principle of polyelectron of the present invention note inductive output tube is: the structure of this efferent duct can be with the polyelectron note of input system from density modulation in the note-Bo mutual effect of the gap of output cavity, the DC energy of electron beam is changed into high-frequency microwave energy, thereby realized the amplification of microwave signal.
Polyelectron note inductive output tube of the present invention consists of three parts: first is input system, by grid-control polyelectron note electron gun and input cavity 2, formed, the microwave signal of feed-in is by coaxial input cable 4 feed-in input cavities 2, between the aperture plate of grid 8 and polyelectron note negative electrode 3, form high-frequency electric field, realize the density modulation of polyelectron note cathode emission electronics; Second portion is output cavity 10, what adopt is reentry type cylindrical cavity, its gap consists of two sections of spaces along the axial processing drift passage 12 of cylindrical metal, the electron beam of density modulation is after the acceleration of anode 6, with the radio-frequency field generation energy exchange at 9 places, output cavity 10 cavity gap, the high-frequency microwave of its conversion is by 11 outputs of high frequency coaxial output cable; Third part is collector 15, has collected the energy of the electron beam of note-Bo mutual effect.
Respectively each part of an embodiment of polyelectron note inductive output tube of the present invention is described in detail below.
Referring to Fig. 1, input system is comprised of grided electron gun and input cavity 2, wherein grided electron gun consists of heater 1, polyelectron note negative electrode 3 and grid 8, heater 1 is to be formed by well behaved resistance wire coiling, object is to 3 heating of polyelectron note negative electrode, polyelectron note negative electrode 3 as shown in Figure 2, has been processed eight little negative electrodes on a metal plate, and density modulation electronics is provided under hot state; Input cavity 2 is cylinder reentrant cavities, and its drift head is grid 8 and polyelectron note negative electrode 3, and this input cavity 2 is connected with electron gun insulating ceramics 7 one end.Electron gun insulating ceramics 7 is that the grid 8 to polyelectron note electron gun provides withstand voltage support with anode 6.The microwave of input cavity 2 injects by coaxial input cable 4 to be realized, at grid 8 and the input cavity 2 sidewalls high frequency choke coil 5 of ining succession.Between polyelectron note negative electrode 3 and grid 8, form high frequency voltage, thereby control the current emission density of polyelectron note negative electrode 3.
Referring to Fig. 1, output cavity 10 is connected with the other end of electron gun insulation porcelain 7, the cylinder reentrant cavity structure that output cavity 10 adopts, the gap 9 of this output cavity 10 consists of the space of two sections of drift passages 12, Fig. 3 is the structural representation of drift passage 12, have in this example eight electron beams that are symmetric, there is energy exchange with the gap 9 of output cavity 10 in these eight electron beams 14, the high-frequency microwave of its generation is by coaxial output cable 11 transmission, and the other end of output cavity 10 is connected with collector insulation porcelain 13.Electron beam after grid 8 density modulations is constantly accelerated during passing through anode 6 processes, after short-range drift space, electron beam arrives output cavity 10, and with gap 9 note-Bo mutual effect, the microwave wherein producing is by coaxial high frequency output cable 10 outputs.
Please refer to Fig. 1, the other end being connected with collector insulation porcelain 13 is collector 15, this collector 15 is realized the excess electron after the exchange of effective recuperated energy, is collected the utmost point 15 reclaims with electron beam 14 after note-Bo of output cavity 10 mutual effect, with the form of heat, is collected the utmost point 14 absorptions.
In the present invention, grided electron gun is when input cavity 2 injects high-frequency microwave, can produce high frequency voltage at grid 8, making from the electron beam of polyelectron note negative electrode 3 transmittings has been density modulation, acceleration through grid 8 with anode 6, the electron beam of density modulation arrives the gap 9 of output cavity 10 soon, there is with it energy exchange, thereby effectively realized the conversion of microwave energy, owing to having adopted polyelectron note structure, it is under same power level, and operating voltage is low, bandwidth, efficiency are high, long service life and the feature such as operation expense is low.
In technique scheme, quantity and the arrangement mode of electron beam on metal plate of the electron beam that polyelectron note cathode construction is not limited only to limit above, also can be other quantity and arrangement mode, for example 2,3,4,5 ..., N, N is positive integer, arrangement mode be for example linear array, right-angled triangle arrange ..., etc.; And the structure of output cavity is also not limited to cylindrical cavity, also can adopt other structures, as trapezium structure, Hughes's structure, dumbbell shape structure etc. replace.
The structure of each part of polyelectron of the present invention note inductive output tube all pass through accurate electrical property design and engineering design, then by precision optical machinery, process, and the technique such as soldering and baking eliminating gas is manufactured.
Through experimental verification, utilize polyelectron note inductive output tube of the present invention, can aspect broadband, high efficiency, high-gain, obtain more attracting index, its relative band exceeds 2.5% than traditional inductive output tube, efficiency can bring up to 75%, and gain improves 5dB.
In sum, polyelectron note inductive output tube of the present invention, compares traditional inductive output tube, can under low-voltage, effectively realize broadband, high efficiency, high-gain, has greatly improved useful life and the operation expense of inductive output tube.The structure of this efferent duct can, under same power level, reduce operating voltage, improve perveance, raise the efficiency, widen frequency band, improves gain and reduce operation expense.
Above-described specific embodiment; object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; be understood that; the foregoing is only specific embodiments of the invention; be not limited to the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of making, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. polyelectron is noted an inductive output tube, comprising:
Grided electron gun, for realizing transmitting and the convergence of electron beam;
Input cavity (2), for feed-in microwave signal, and forms high-frequency electric field, and the electron beam of described grided electron gun transmitting is modulated into electron beam;
Drift passage (12), is used to form the transmission channel of described electron beam; And
Output cavity (10), for amplifying output by energy exchange to the described microwave signal of input.
2. polyelectron according to claim 1 is noted inductive output tube, wherein said grided electron gun comprises heater (1), polyelectron note negative electrode (3) and grid (8), described polyelectron note negative electrode (3) divergent bundle, described grid (8) is assembled described electron beam.
3. polyelectron according to claim 2 note inductive output tube wherein forms high-frequency electric field between the aperture plate of described grid (8) and described polyelectron note negative electrode (3), realizes the density modulation that described polyelectron is noted negative electrode (3) emission current.
4. polyelectron according to claim 2 is noted inductive output tube, a plurality of little negative electrode of wherein said polyelectron note negative electrode (3) for processing on a metal plate.
5. polyelectron according to claim 1 is noted inductive output tube, and wherein said output cavity (10) adopts cylindrical reentrant cavity structure.
6. polyelectron according to claim 1 is noted inductive output tube, and wherein said drift passage (12) is N the drift passage being symmetric, thereby forms N electron beam, and N is positive integer.
7. polyelectron according to claim 1 is noted inductive output tube, the electron beam of wherein being launched by described electron gun after accelerating with the radio-frequency field generation energy exchange of the gap location of described output cavity (10), the high-frequency microwave transforming is thus by coaxial output cable (11) output, and the gap of wherein said output cavity (10) consists of the space of two sections of drift passages.
8. polyelectron is noted a negative electrode, a plurality of little negative electrode of described polyelectron note negative electrode (3) for processing on a metal plate.
9. a drift passage, the drift passage that described drift passage (12) is symmetric for N, thus forming N electron beam, N is positive integer.
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| CN201410408763.XA CN104134598A (en) | 2014-08-19 | 2014-08-19 | Multi-electron-beam inductive output tube |
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| CN201410408763.XA CN104134598A (en) | 2014-08-19 | 2014-08-19 | Multi-electron-beam inductive output tube |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106206219A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-07 | 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 | A kind of tunable klystron amplifier output cavity |
| CN106872770A (en) * | 2017-01-16 | 2017-06-20 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | The pattern discrimination and test device of Sheet beam klystron resonator |
| CN108352281A (en) * | 2015-10-07 | 2018-07-31 | 泰勒斯公司 | The balance of multi beam inductive output tube |
| CN109755084A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-05-14 | 南京三乐集团有限公司 | X-band bimodulus multiple-beam klystron |
| CN110797243A (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2020-02-14 | 电子科技大学 | Nested type electronic optical system for coaxially emitting asynchronous electron beams |
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| JPH10172447A (en) * | 1996-12-10 | 1998-06-26 | Thomson Tubes Electron | Linear beam microwave tube having output cavity at tip of collector |
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2014
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| JPH10172447A (en) * | 1996-12-10 | 1998-06-26 | Thomson Tubes Electron | Linear beam microwave tube having output cavity at tip of collector |
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| RUI ZHANG.ET: "Six-Beam Gun Design for a High Power", 《IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES》 * |
| 丁耀根等: "感应输出管（IOT）的发展和技术现状", 《中国电子学会真空电子学会分会第十九届学术年会论文集（上册）》 * |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108352281A (en) * | 2015-10-07 | 2018-07-31 | 泰勒斯公司 | The balance of multi beam inductive output tube |
| CN106206219A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-07 | 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 | A kind of tunable klystron amplifier output cavity |
| CN106206219B (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-07-20 | 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 | A kind of tunable klystron amplifier output cavity |
| CN106872770A (en) * | 2017-01-16 | 2017-06-20 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | The pattern discrimination and test device of Sheet beam klystron resonator |
| CN106872770B (en) * | 2017-01-16 | 2019-07-05 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | The pattern discrimination and test device of Sheet beam klystron resonant cavity |
| CN109755084A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-05-14 | 南京三乐集团有限公司 | X-band bimodulus multiple-beam klystron |
| CN109755084B (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2021-01-26 | 南京三乐集团有限公司 | X-waveband dual-mode multi-injection klystron |
| CN110797243A (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2020-02-14 | 电子科技大学 | Nested type electronic optical system for coaxially emitting asynchronous electron beams |
| CN110797243B (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2020-10-09 | 电子科技大学 | Nested type electronic optical system for coaxially emitting asynchronous electron beams |
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Application publication date: 20141105 |