CN114512384B - External-hanging cold cathode amplifier based on circular waveguide - Google Patents
External-hanging cold cathode amplifier based on circular waveguide Download PDFInfo
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- CN114512384B CN114512384B CN202210080180.3A CN202210080180A CN114512384B CN 114512384 B CN114512384 B CN 114512384B CN 202210080180 A CN202210080180 A CN 202210080180A CN 114512384 B CN114512384 B CN 114512384B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of vacuum electronic devices, and particularly provides a cascading cold cathode amplifier based on a circular waveguide, which is used for solving the problems of frequency band expansion, power synthesis, signal amplification, interference resistance, integration and the like. According to the invention, the round waveguide is used as a support, an electron optical system is externally hung in the direction of the waveguide angle, and an annular electron beam is generated, so that the separation of the electron beam and a signal field is realized, and a high-frequency field works in a high-order mode, so that the interaction space can be increased, the power capacity can be improved, the mechanical difficulty can be reduced, and the precision can be improved; and moreover, the power amplification and the bandwidth widening can be realized by cascading a plurality of units, so that the working efficiency is improved. In summary, the invention enables the whole device to be more compact and miniaturized and to be easier to integrate by nesting the electron optical system, the high-frequency structure, the collector and the like outside the circular waveguide; provides a vacuum device with excellent performance for the application in the fields of electronic countermeasure, space communication and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of vacuum electronic devices, relates to the technology of microwave, millimeter wave and terahertz wave band radiation sources, and particularly provides a cascading cold cathode amplifier based on a circular waveguide.
Background
Since the end of the last century, the semiconductor industry and integrated circuit technology have evolved rapidly, vacuum electronics have gradually lost its dominant role in the field of considerable electronic information, and are undergoing the impact of solid state electronics development; however, the new semiconductor device is still not mature, and the currently developed solid-state power device still has great drawbacks and limitations in terms of energy efficiency, operating frequency, maximum output power and reliability. Therefore, vacuum electronic devices are still indispensable core devices in the advanced scientific and technical fields of aerospace, military equipment and the like, and are widely used and continuously updated and developed.
Along with the continuous development of microwave, millimeter wave and terahertz frequency band vacuum radiation sources in various fields, the requirements on output power and efficiency are continuously improved; under the limit requirements of high frequency, high power and wide frequency band, especially in the fields of military equipment, aerospace and the like, vacuum electronic devices are required to have the advantages of small volume, light weight, high power, long service life and the like.
The field emission cold cathode has its inherent advantages compared to conventional heat emitting cathodes, such as: the field emission cold cathode has the advantages of low power consumption, capability of working in a greenhouse, high response speed, large current density, small size, high efficiency and the like, and is expected to become an emission source of a new generation of high-power radiation source devices. However, the existing microwave, millimeter wave, terahertz and other wave band radiation source technologies still have a plurality of problems: 1) In view of the fact that the vacuum device works in a high-frequency band, the size of the wave injection interaction structure is small, a low-order mode cannot be adopted, and the problems of high machining difficulty and low precision are caused; 2) For a single-stage amplifier, power amplification and a wider frequency band can be realized, but the output power level of the current amplifier realized in a high frequency band needs to be improved, and the output bandwidth is narrower and fixed; 3) For the device, an electron optical system, a high-frequency structure, a collector and the like are required to be designed independently, so that the whole device is large in size and not easy to integrate; 4) The traditional device adopts a hot cathode, an electron optical system is large in size, an electron beam interacts with a high-frequency structure in the device, an electron channel is small and is unfavorable for heat dissipation, and the working efficiency is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an externally hung cold cathode amplifier based on a circular waveguide, which can realize axial cascading and can effectively solve the problems of frequency band expansion, power synthesis, signal amplification, interference resistance, integration and the like. According to the invention, through the wave injection interaction between the hollow electron beam generated by the cold cathode electron optical system nested outside the circular waveguide in the angle direction and the input signal of the circular waveguide at the high-frequency structure, the amplification of the signal is realized; in addition, by cascading a plurality of units of the invention, different voltages are applied to the cathode or the high-frequency interaction space size is changed, so that the method for realizing the signals with the same frequency can be realized, and the amplification of the signals with a plurality of different frequencies in a wide frequency band can be realized; in addition, the invention utilizes the advantages of cold cathode field emission electron flow, low power consumption and no influence of temperature, so that the injection interaction efficiency is improved; finally, the invention has compact structure and easy integration, and provides a vacuum device with excellent performance for the application in the fields of electronic countermeasure, space communication and the like.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a circular waveguide based externally hung cold cathode amplifier comprising: the cathode 2, the anode 3, the insulating support sleeve 4, the high-frequency outer sleeve 5, the collector 6 and the heat dissipation fins 7; the method is characterized in that:
a signal channel 1-1 is formed in the circular waveguide 1, two ends of the circular waveguide are respectively used as a signal input port 1-2 and a signal output port 1-3, and the signal input port 1-2 and the signal output port 1-3 are respectively provided with an input window and an output window;
the insulation support sleeve 4 comprises an insulation support plate 4-1 and an insulation support ring 4-2; the insulation support plate 4-1, the cathode 2, the insulation support ring 4-2, the anode 3, the high-frequency outer sleeve 5 and the collector 6 are sequentially connected and are nested and welded on the outer wall of the circular waveguide 1 together, and a vacuum sealing space is formed by the matching signal input window and the output window;
the outer wall of the cathode 2 is cylindrical, the inner wall of the cathode is bowl-shaped, and an annular cold cathode emitter 2-1 is arranged in the center of the inner wall; the anode 3 is cylindrical, a rounded protrusion is arranged at one side corresponding to the cathode 2, and the rounded protrusion is matched with the circular waveguide 1 to form a bunching electric field;
n circular grooves 5-1 are formed in the inner wall of the high-frequency outer sleeve 5, and the N circular grooves 5-1 are distributed at equal intervals along the axial direction of the circular waveguide to form a comb-tooth shape; the circular waveguide 1 is provided with a coupling hole array 1-4 at the position corresponding to the high-frequency outer sleeve 5 to form a high-frequency injection interaction space;
the heat dissipation fins 7 are disposed outside the collector 6 and are arranged along the angular direction of the circular waveguide 1.
Further, the coupling holes in the coupling hole arrays 1-4 are arranged in a matrix, the number of the coupling holes is N along the axial direction of the circular waveguide, the number of the coupling holes in the angular direction is M, and the radian of each coupling hole is
Furthermore, two annular clamping grooves are further formed in the outer side wall of the circular waveguide and serve as clamp flanges 1-5, the clamp flanges 1-5 are located at two ends of the circular waveguide and adjacent to the signal input port and the signal output port, and the clamp flanges 1-5 are used for matching clamps to achieve cascading of a plurality of amplifiers.
Further, the cathode 2 and the anode 3 co-act with the circular waveguide 1 to generate an electron beam 8 to enter a high-frequency beam interaction space; the input signal enters the signal channel 1-1 through the signal input port 1-1, interacts with the electron beam 8 through the coupling hole, enters the circular waveguide through the coupling hole, and finally is output from the signal output port 1-3, so that transmission amplification is realized.
In terms of working principle:
the invention provides a round waveguide-based externally-hung cold cathode amplifier, which inputs TM at an input port of a round waveguide 01 The signal is transmitted in the circular waveguide, and when the signal encounters the coupling hole, the energy is coupled to the outer ring of the waveguide (the inner field and the outer field are strongly coupled); an electron gun is nested in the angular direction of the circular waveguide, an annular cold cathode emission surface is internally attached, potential difference is generated between the anode and the cathode, and annular electron beam is formed and emitted under the constraint of an axial guiding magnetic field through field emission. The coupled signal energy of the electron beam and the circular waveguide coupling port generates the beam interaction, (the periodic structure formed between the high-frequency outer sleeve and the waveguide coupling hole)Is a high frequency interaction structure), forms a travelling wave field, and excites the higher order modes. Because the whole structure has the characteristic of periodic slow wave, the electron beam gives energy to electromagnetic wave signals, the signals further modulate the electron beam in turn to realize speed modulation and density modulation, along with the strengthening of modulation depth, the energy of a high-frequency field is gradually increased, finally, the energy of the signals is transmitted into a circular waveguide through a coupling hole, and then a distance of TM is transmitted into the circular waveguide 01 The mode is output from the output port, thereby realizing signal amplification. The notch with a certain depth is formed in the high-frequency outer sleeve, so that the coupling impedance of the high-frequency structure can be increased, and the interaction degree of the injection waves can be increased. Finally, the waste electrons finally generated by the electron optical system nested outside the circular waveguide are hit on the anode wall.
The invention can realize the relay of microwave signals through a cascade structure; according to the working principle of the amplifier and the dispersion characteristic of the injection wave, two schemes are provided: firstly, different voltages are applied to each stage of the externally nested cathode, so that the size and the number of the coupling hole arrays 1-4 formed by the high-frequency outer sleeve and the waveguide are consistent (namely, the size of the high-frequency interaction space is unchanged and the unit structure is the same); the cascade connection of n invention units is provided, the 3dB bandwidth of the first stage is f 1 To f 2 The second-stage 3dB bandwidth is f 3 To f 4 By this, the 3dB bandwidth up to the nth stage is f 2n-1 To f 2n N unit devices can realize staggered superposition of n frequency bands to achieve the following f 1 To f 2n Is added with gain; secondly, the same voltage is applied to each stage of the externally nested cathode, and the notch depth and position of the high-frequency outer sleeve 5 and the size, number and shape of the waveguide-opened coupling hole arrays 1-4 are adjusted, so that superposition amplification of power can be realized.
In summary, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a cascading cold cathode amplifier based on a circular waveguide, which takes the circular waveguide as a support, and is externally hung with an electron optical system in the direction of a waveguide angle to generate annular electron beam, so that the separation of the electron beam and a signal field is realized, and a high-frequency field works in a high-order mode, so that the interaction space can be increased, the power capacity can be improved, the mechanical difficulty is reduced, and the precision is improved; according to the dispersion characteristic and the working principle of the amplifier, the amplification of power and the widening of frequency bands can be realized by cascading a plurality of units (which can share an axial guiding magnetic field system), and the working efficiency is improved. According to the invention, through the external nested electron optical system, the high-frequency structure, the collector and the like of the circular waveguide, the whole device is more compact and miniaturized, and is easier to integrate; in addition, the cold cathode emitter reduces unnecessary heating devices through field emission, simplifies the cathode structure, has high starting speed, small radiation and low power consumption, can effectively solve the problem of difficult heat dissipation of devices, and greatly improves the working efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a circular waveguide based external hanging cold cathode amplifier;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the circular waveguide of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a cascade connection of a plurality of circular waveguide based externally hung cold cathode amplifiers;
wherein 1 is a circular waveguide, 1-1 is a signal channel, 1-2 is a signal input port, 1-3 is a signal output port, and 1-4 is a coupling hole array; 1-5 is a clamp flange, 2 is a cathode, 2-1 is a cathode emitter, 3 is an anode, 4 is an insulating support sleeve, 4-1 is an insulating support plate, 4-2 is an insulating support ring, 5 is a high-frequency outer sleeve, 5-1 is a circular ring groove, 6 is a collector, 7 is a heat dissipation fin, and 8 is an electron beam.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.
The embodiment provides an externally hung cold cathode amplifier based on a circular waveguide, and the structure of the externally hung cold cathode amplifier is shown in figure 1; comprising the following steps: the cathode 2, the anode 3, the insulating support sleeve 4, the high-frequency outer sleeve 5, the collector 6 and the heat dissipation fins 7; wherein, a signal channel 1-1 is formed in the circular waveguide 1, two ends of the circular waveguide are respectively used as a signal input port 1-2 and a signal output port 1-3, the signal input port 1-2 and the signal output port 1-3 are respectively provided with an input window and an output window, a coupling hole array 1-4 is arranged at the position corresponding to the high-frequency outer sleeve 5, and a high-frequency injection interaction space is correspondingly formed, as shown in fig. 2;
the outer wall of the cathode 2 is cylindrical, the inner wall of the cathode is bowl-shaped, and an annular cold cathode emitter 2-1 is arranged at the center of the inner side;
the cathode 3 is cylindrical, a rounded protrusion is arranged at one side corresponding to the cathode 2, and a bunching electric field is formed by matching with the circular waveguide 1;
the insulation support sleeve 4 comprises an insulation support plate 4-1 and an insulation support ring 4-2;
the insulation support plate 4-1, the cathode 2, the insulation support ring 4-2, the anode 3, the high-frequency outer sleeve 5 and the collector 6 are sequentially connected and are nested and welded on the outer wall direction of the circular waveguide 1; the matched signal input window and the output window form a vacuum sealing space;
n circular grooves 5-1 are formed in the inner wall of the high-frequency outer sleeve 5, and the N circular grooves 5-1 are distributed at equal intervals along the axial direction of the circular waveguide to form a comb-tooth shape;
the heat dissipation fins 7 are disposed outside the collector 6 and are arranged along the angular direction of the circular waveguide 1 for heat dissipation.
It should be noted that: the size, the number and the shape of the coupling holes can be designed according to actual engineering requirements, and the relative positions of the coupling holes and the circular groove 5-1 can be adjusted according to the coupling impedance.
In this embodiment:
the circular waveguide 1 is in a metal circular ring shape, the inner radius is 2.83mm, the outer radius is 4.17mm, and the material is metal copper; a clamping groove is formed at a position 0.1mm away from the signal input port 1-2 and used as a clamp flange 1-5, the width of the notch is 2.5mm, and the depth (the distance from the outer radius to the inner radius) of the notch is 0.78mm; a clamping groove is formed at a position 0.1mm away from the signal output port 1-5, the width of the groove opening is 2.5mm, and the depth of the groove opening is 0.78mm; the distance signal input end is 24.85mm, the number of the coupling holes 1-4 in the angular direction is 3, the number of the coupling holes in the axial direction is 5, the interval between the holes is 1.66mm, the angular direction is 60 degrees, and the positions, the sizes, the shapes and the number of the coupling holes 1-4 are not limited to the given parameters and are determined according to the technical indexes such as actual coupling strength, interaction efficiency and the like;
the outer wall of the cathode 2 is cylindrical, the inner wall of the cathode is bowl-shaped, the material is nonmagnetic stainless steel, the structure is divided into four sections from inside to outside, the first section is a hollow cylinder with the inner radius of 4.71mm, the outer radius of 6.05mm and the thickness of 1.6mm, the second section is a hollow cylinder with the inner radius of 6.05mm, the outer radius of 8.36mm and the slope of 1.53, the third section is a hollow cylinder with the inner radius of 8.36mm, the outer radius of 8.89mm and the slope of 0.26, and the fourth section is a hollow cylinder with the inner radius of 8.89mm, the outer radius of 10.83mm and the thickness of 1.3 mm; a cold cathode emitter 2-1 with the thickness of 0.35mm is arranged at the center of the inner surface of the second section, and the material is carbon nano tube or graphene;
the outer radius of the anode 3 is 10.83mm, the thickness is 1.3mm, the inner radius is 6.12mm when the inner structure is seen from the section and the slope is 0.66, the potential compensation of the cathode is realized, the beam focusing and the acceleration of electron beam and the angle of emitted electrons are regulated, chamfering treatment is carried out on the anode, the chamfering radius is 0.83mm, the concentration of a tip electric field can be reduced, and the material is nonmagnetic stainless steel;
the material of the insulating support sleeve 4 is 99 # The inner radius of the ceramic insulating support plate 4-1 is 4.16mm, the outer radius is 10.83mm, one end of the ceramic insulating support plate is fixed with the circular waveguide 1, and the other end of the ceramic insulating support plate is fixed with the cathode 2; the inner radius of the insulating support ring 4-2 is 8.89mm, the outer radius is 10.83mm, one end of the insulating support ring is fixed with the cathode 2, and the other end of the insulating support ring is fixed with the anode 3; the voltage of the anode 3 is set to be zero potential, the cathode 2 is set to be negative potential, and in order to cause voltage drop between the cathode 2 and the anode 3, the cathode 2 and the anode 3 are separated by an annular insulating support plate;
the high-frequency outer sleeve 5 is cylindrical, is made of metal copper, has the width of 12.01mm, the outer radius of 10.83mm, the inner radius of 6.12mm, is provided with grooves with the depth of 2.55mm and the width of 1.2mm, the number of the grooves is 5, the grooves form a comb shape, and the tail end of the grooves is provided with grooves with the depth of 3.38 mm;
the collector 6 is made of nonmagnetic stainless steel, the inner radius of the inner disc is 4.13mm, the outer radius of the inner disc is 9.42mm, the inner radius of the outer disc is 4.13mm, and the outer radius of the outer disc is 10.83mm;
the radiating fins 6 are fan-shaped, the number of the radiating fins is 8, the radiating fins are distributed along the angular direction and fixed on the outer surface of the anode 5, and the radiating fins are made of nonmagnetic stainless steel; the outer radius of the radiating fin is 10.28mm, the inner radius is 4.16mm, the central angle is 11.58 degrees, the height is 4.16mm, and parameters of the flow conductivity and the heat flux density can be set in practice. The cooling effect can be well achieved by assisting common microwave tube cooling modes such as air cooling, water cooling and the like, so that the normal operation of the whole device system is ensured;
the coupling hole array 1-4 of the circular waveguide 1 corresponds to a comb-shaped metal disc at the middle part of the high-frequency outer sleeve 5 to form a high-frequency structure, so that signal modulation is realized;
the cathode 2, the anode 3, the insulating support plate 4, the high-frequency outer sleeve 5 and the collector 6 are nested on the outer wall of the circular waveguide 1 to form an externally-hung sealed wave injection interaction space, the signal input port 1-2 and the signal output port 1-5 are fixed with window sheets made of alumina ceramics to form a sealed single amplifier unit, a longitudinal guiding magnetic field is arranged in the axial direction of the whole amplifier unit, and the modes of externally-hung coils, permanent magnets, periodic permanent magnets and the like can be adopted;
the amplifiers are used as a unit structure, and cascade connection of a plurality of amplifiers is realized by matching the clamp through the clamp flanges 1-5; as shown in fig. 3;
all parts of the high-frequency interaction system are welded into a whole by utilizing a microwave electric vacuum device process, and vacuum exhaust is carried out, so that an absolute vacuum environment is formed inside the whole device; in operation, the cathode substrate is connected to a negative voltage and the anode substrate is connected to ground.
The working process of the externally hung cold cathode amplifier based on the circular waveguide is as follows:
the TM is input into the signal input port 1-1 of the circular waveguide 1 01 A signal is transmitted in the signal channel 1-3, and when the signal encounters the coupling hole array 1-4, energy is coupled to the outer ring of the waveguide (strong coupling occurs between an inner field and an outer field); an electron gun is nested in the angular direction of the circular waveguide, the cathode 2 is connected with negative voltage, the anode 3 and the circular waveguide are connected with zero potential, a potential difference effect is formed between the cathode 2 and the circular cold cathode emitter 2-1 attached inside the cathode 2, and the circular cold cathode emitter is formed under the action of a strong electric field (a certain value of guiding magnetic field is simultaneously arranged in the axial direction to ensure stable and uniform transmission of the electron beam) through field emissionAnd the ring electron beam is emitted. The coupled signal energy of the electron beam and the circular waveguide coupling port generates a beam interaction, (a periodic structure formed between the high-frequency outer sleeve and the waveguide coupling hole is a high-frequency interaction structure), a travelling wave field is formed, and a high-order mode is excited. Because the whole structure has periodic slow wave characteristic (boundary condition discontinuity of high-frequency interaction structure), the electron beam gives energy to electromagnetic wave signals, the signals further modulate the electron beam in turn, speed modulation and density modulation are realized, along with the enhancement of modulation depth, the energy of high-frequency field is gradually increased, finally, the energy of the signals is retransmitted into the circular waveguide through the coupling hole, and then, the energy is transmitted for a distance TM in the circular waveguide 01 The mode is output from the signal port 1-3, thereby achieving signal amplification. The notch with a certain depth is formed in the high-frequency outer sleeve, so that the coupling impedance of the high-frequency structure can be increased, and the interaction degree of the injection waves can be increased. Finally, the waste electrons finally generated by the electron optical system nested outside the circular waveguide are hit on the anode wall. The heat dissipation fins 6 play a role in cooling, and ensure the normal and stable operation of the device unit.
Step-by-step connection is realized through the clamp butt joint clamp flanges 1-5, so that the relay of microwave signals is realized; according to the working principle of the amplifier and the dispersion characteristic of the injection wave, two schemes are provided: firstly, different voltages are applied to each stage of the externally nested cathode, so that the size and the number of the coupling hole arrays 1-4 formed by the high-frequency outer sleeve and the waveguide are consistent (namely, the size of the high-frequency interaction space is unchanged and the unit structure is the same); the cascade connection of n invention units is provided, the 3dB bandwidth of the first stage is f 1 To f 2 The second-stage 3dB bandwidth is f 3 To f 4 By this, the 3dB bandwidth up to the nth stage is f 2n-1 To f 2n N unit devices can realize staggered superposition of n frequency bands to achieve the following f 1 To f 2n Is added with gain; secondly, the same voltage is applied to each stage of the externally nested cathode, and the notch depth and position of the high-frequency outer sleeve 5 and the size, number and shape of the waveguide-opened coupling hole arrays 1-4 are adjusted, so that superposition amplification of power can be realized.
In conclusion, the hollow electron beam generated by the cold cathode electron optical system which is nested outside the circular waveguide in an angle way and the input signal of the circular waveguide have the beam injection interaction at the high-frequency structure, so that the signal amplification is realized; the device is connected with a plurality of devices through the cascade cutting sleeve, different voltages are applied to the electron gun, and modes such as higher harmonics and the like can be synchronously amplified and overlapped according to the working principle of the amplifier, so that the power can be greatly increased; the advantages of low power consumption and no influence of temperature are utilized to improve the injection interaction efficiency.
While the invention has been described in terms of specific embodiments, any feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by alternative features serving the equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise; all of the features disclosed, or all of the steps in a method or process, except for mutually exclusive features and/or steps, may be combined in any manner.
Claims (5)
1. A circular waveguide based externally hung cold cathode amplifier comprising: the device comprises a circular waveguide (1), a cathode (2), an anode (3), an insulating support sleeve (4), a high-frequency outer sleeve (5), a collector (6) and heat dissipation fins (7); the method is characterized in that:
a signal channel (1-1) is formed in the circular waveguide (1), and two ends of the circular waveguide are respectively used as a signal input port (1-2) and a signal output port (1-3), and an input window and an output window are respectively assembled on the signal input port and the signal output port;
the insulation support sleeve (4) comprises an insulation support plate (4-1) and an insulation support ring (4-2); the insulating support plate (4-1), the cathode (2), the insulating support ring (4-2), the anode (3), the high-frequency outer sleeve (5) and the collector (6) are sequentially connected and are nested and welded on the outer wall of the circular waveguide (1), and a vacuum sealing space is formed by the matching signal input window and the output window;
the outer wall of the cathode (2) is cylindrical, the inner wall of the cathode is bowl-shaped, and an annular cold cathode emitter (2-1) is arranged in the center of the inner wall; the anode (3) is cylindrical, a rounded protrusion is arranged at one side corresponding to the cathode (2), and the rounded protrusion is matched with the circular waveguide (1) to form a bunching electric field;
n circular grooves (5-1) are formed in the inner wall of the high-frequency outer sleeve (5), and the N circular grooves (5-1) are distributed at equal intervals along the axial direction of the circular waveguide to form a comb-tooth shape; the circular waveguide (1) is provided with a coupling hole array (1-4) at the position corresponding to the high-frequency outer sleeve (5) to form a high-frequency injection interaction space;
the heat dissipation fins (7) are arranged on the outer side of the collector (6) and are distributed along the angular direction of the circular waveguide (1).
2. The circular waveguide based externally hung cold cathode amplifier according to claim 1, wherein the coupling holes in the array of coupling holes are arranged in a matrix, the number of coupling holes is N along the axial direction of the circular waveguide, the number of coupling holes in the angular direction is M, and the radian of each coupling hole is the same.
3. The circular waveguide based externally hung cold cathode amplifier according to claim 1, wherein two circular clamping grooves are further formed in the outer side wall of the circular waveguide and serve as clamp flanges (1-5), and the clamp flanges are used for matching clamps to realize cascading of a plurality of amplifiers.
4. A circular waveguide based external cold cathode amplifier according to claim 1, wherein the cathode (2), anode (3) and circular waveguide (1) co-act to create an electron beam (8) into the high frequency beam interaction space.
5. A circular waveguide based external cold cathode amplifier according to claim 1, wherein the input signal enters the signal channel (1-1) through the signal input port (1-2), interacts with the electron beam (8) through the coupling hole, enters the circular waveguide through the coupling hole, and finally is output from the signal output port (1-3) for transmission amplification.
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| GB716372A (en) * | 1950-12-21 | 1954-10-06 | M O Valve Co Ltd | Improvements in or relating to gas filled electric discharge devices |
| CN101308752A (en) * | 2008-06-11 | 2008-11-19 | 电子科技大学 | Common frequency multi-mode multi-stage whirling traveling-wave tube amplifier |
| EP2433292A1 (en) * | 2009-05-18 | 2012-03-28 | Advanced Fusion Systems LLC | Cascade voltage amplifier and method of activating cascaded electron tubes |
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| FR2936354B1 (en) * | 2008-09-19 | 2012-09-21 | Thales Sa | HYPERFREQUENCY TUBE WITH DEVICE FOR EXTRACTING IONS PRODUCED IN THE TUBE |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB716372A (en) * | 1950-12-21 | 1954-10-06 | M O Valve Co Ltd | Improvements in or relating to gas filled electric discharge devices |
| CN101308752A (en) * | 2008-06-11 | 2008-11-19 | 电子科技大学 | Common frequency multi-mode multi-stage whirling traveling-wave tube amplifier |
| EP2433292A1 (en) * | 2009-05-18 | 2012-03-28 | Advanced Fusion Systems LLC | Cascade voltage amplifier and method of activating cascaded electron tubes |
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