CN104132903B - A kind of soil moisture content measuring system and use its measuring method - Google Patents
A kind of soil moisture content measuring system and use its measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104132903B CN104132903B CN201410222466.6A CN201410222466A CN104132903B CN 104132903 B CN104132903 B CN 104132903B CN 201410222466 A CN201410222466 A CN 201410222466A CN 104132903 B CN104132903 B CN 104132903B
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- moisture content
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- soil moisture
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of measuring system of soil moisture content and use its measuring method, it is characterised in that described device includes：Conduit, sensor, guide rail and processor, the guide rail is arranged in the internal side wall of the conduit, the sensor is arranged on the guide rail, and the processor is connected with the sensor, for receiving the data of the sensor collection and being analyzed the data.A kind of soil moisture content measuring system of the present invention and its measuring method is used, the system design is simple, and precision is high, stability is strong, time saving and energy saving and have certain portability, suitable for the real-time measurement under indoor and field condition to soil moisture content.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to soil moisture content field of measuring technique, in particular it relates to a kind of measuring system of soil moisture content
And use its measuring method.
Background technology
Soil moisture content is in plant growth, field irrigation, ecological environment and arid biogeographic zone land management etc. are studied and are put into practice
Play an important roll.Particularly in the engineering constructions such as production and construction, agricultural, water conservancy, therefore easy, quick soil moisture content
Assay method is significant to understanding and simulating above procedure.
At present, widely used soil moisture content measuring method includes：Gravimetric method, NEUTRON METHOD, frequency domain bounce technique
(FDR), time domain reflectometry (TDR) and microwave technology.Gravimetric method is that the recognized standard method, pedotheque are put into 105 in the world
DEG C baking oven in persistently dry 16~24h, measurement result is accurate, but the time is longer, there is certain destructiveness to soil, and not
It is adapted to long-term fixed point continuous monitoring；NEUTRON METHOD overcomes some shortcomings of oven drying method, can meet to field certain area and depth
The requirement that degree soil moisture content continuously measures, is not influenceed by environment temperature and pressure, but neutron has potential radiation, and
Topsoil can not be measured；TDR and FDR measurement accuracy is higher, "dead" and be suitable to long-term ocean weather station observation, but TDR
The moisture content of measurement is the average soil moisture content of whole probe length, so in certain soil region, different is embedding
Mode can cause the difference of measurement result, and FDR is higher to the installation requirement of conduit in use, and soil and conduit outer wall are not
There can be gap, because gap can influence the accuracy of measurement result.And above-mentioned soil moisture content e measurement technology can only measure
The average moisture content of certain volume or certain depth soil, spatial resolution are low.Near-infrared reflection method can realize to material into
The quantitative measurment divided, and measuring speed is fast, non-contact, repeated strong, has been widely used in the measurement of soil parameters,
But commercial spectrometers are complicated, expensive, are not suitable for field and monitor soil moisture content in real time, the near-infrared soil after improvement
Water cut meter, due to using the optics such as optical filter, integrating sphere and lens, although volume has very big subtract relative to spectrometer
It is small, the use of big unsuitable portable instrument but instrument integrally consumes energy.
The content of the invention
The invention provides a kind of soil moisture content measuring system and its measuring method is used, the system design is simple,
Precision is high, stability is strong, time saving and energy saving and have certain portability, suitable for it is indoor with field condition to soil moisture content
Real-time measurement.
For this purpose, the present invention proposes a kind of soil moisture content measuring system, it is characterised in that the system includes：
Conduit, sensor, guide rail and processor, the guide rail are arranged in the internal side wall of the conduit, and the sensor is arranged on
On the guide rail, the processor is connected with the sensor, for receiving the data of sensor collection and by the number
According to being analyzed.
Wherein, multiple silica glass windows, the multiple quartz glass are axially provided with the side wall of the conduit
Window is arranged on the position relative with the guide rail.
Wherein, there is silica glass window in the side wall of the conduit, the silica glass window is axially from conduit
Bottom extend to the top of conduit, and the silica glass window is arranged on the position relative with the guide rail.
Wherein, the sensor includes：Probe unit and circuit board, the probe unit include measurement bay, opto-electronic conversion
Device, reference light source and measurement light source, the optical-electrical converter, reference light source and measurement light source are separately mounted to the measurement bay
On.
Wherein, the optical-electrical converter be located at the reference light source and it is described measurement light source between, it is described measurement light source with
The direction of the launch of the reference light source is vertical, and the direction of the launch of the measurement light source and the detection side of the optical-electrical converter
To in 45 degree of angles, the direction of the launch of the reference light source and the detection direction of the optical-electrical converter are in 45 degree of angles.
Wherein, light source driving circuit, amplifying circuit and A/D change-over circuits are provided with the circuit board, the light source drives
Dynamic circuit with the reference light source and the measurement light source with electrically connecting respectively, the amplifying circuit and optical-electrical converter electricity
Connection, and the amplifying circuit electrically connects with the A/D change-over circuits, and the A/D change-over circuits are electrically connected to the processing
Device.
Wherein, the guide rail includes track and sliding block, and the track is fixed in the internal side wall of the conduit, the cunning
Block is movably disposed on the track, and the sensor is fixed on the sliding block, and the sensor is arranged on cunning
On the side of the remote track of block.
Wherein, fixed block is provided with the track, and the fixed block in the vertical direction has screwed hole, described
Fix bar is provided with sliding block, there is screw thread in the fix bar, the fix bar spiral is connected to the screw thread of the fixed block
Kong Zhong, and control the movement of the sliding block on the track by rotating the fix bar.
Another aspect of the present invention, there is provided one kind carries out soil moisture content using above-mentioned soil moisture content measuring system
The method of measurement, it is characterised in that methods described includes：S1, catheter opening is up embedded in soil, and causes institute
The opening for stating conduit is exposed on the surface of the soil；S2, sensor is fixed on the sliding block of guide rail；S3, pass through fix bar
Control the sliding block to be moved along track, the sensor is moved to position to be determined；S4, open the sensor and place
Device is managed, data acquisition is carried out using the sensor；S5, repeat step S3 and S4, by the soil moisture content of all depth to be measured
Data acquisition complete；S6, data are handled by above-mentioned processor, calculate the moisture content of soil to be measured.
By above-described embodiment, soil moisture content of the invention measures method, system and using its method, and this is
System design is simple, and precision is high, stability is strong, time saving and energy saving and have certain portability, suitable for it is indoor with field condition
Real-time measurement to soil moisture content.Meanwhile the system direct measurement a small range soil surface moisture content, using the side of conduit
Formula can measure the moisture content of different depth soil profile, and can directly control and fathom, and realize automatic, continuous number
According to collection.
Brief description of the drawings
The features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood by reference to accompanying drawing, accompanying drawing is schematically without that should manage
Solve to carry out any restrictions to the present invention, in the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 shows a kind of structural representation of soil moisture content measuring system of the present invention；
Fig. 2 shows a kind of structural representation of the sensor of soil moisture content measuring system of the present invention；
Fig. 3 shows the method using the progress soil moisture content measurement of above-mentioned soil moisture content measuring system of the present invention
Flow chart；
Fig. 4 be using the present invention soil moisture content measuring system carry out soil moisture content measurement relative absorbance depth with
The relation and its fitting result of volumetric soil water content；
Fig. 5 shows that the moisture content that existing oven drying method measurement obtains measures with soil moisture content measuring system of the invention
The comparing result of obtained soil moisture content.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the present invention is described in detail.
Fig. 1 shows a kind of structural representation of soil moisture content measuring system of the present invention.
Reference picture 1, a kind of soil moisture content measuring system of embodiments of the invention specifically include：
Conduit 100, sensor 200, guide rail 300 and processor 400.
Conduit 100 is stainless steel, or other rigids, has quartz window in the side wall of conduit 100
Mouth 101, the silica glass window 101 axially extends to the top of conduit 100, and quartzy glass from the bottom of conduit 100
Glass window 101 is arranged to have specific width, and with the being formed integrally structure of conduit 100.Silica glass window 101 is used for
The light of sensor 200 is passed in soil, and sensor 200 can receive the reflected light from soil.
Furthermore it is possible to the side wall in conduit 100 axially sets multiple silica glass windows 101, so as to reduce stone
The use of English glass material.Also, conduit 100, which can also use, has rigid transparent material.
Guide rail 300 is axially mounted in the internal side wall of conduit 100, and guide rail 300 and the phase of silica glass window 101
To setting.
Guide rail 300 includes track 310 and sliding block 320, and track 310 is fixed on the inwall of conduit 100, and sliding block 320 is removable
It is arranged on dynamicly on track 310.Sensor 200 is fixed on sliding block 320, and sensor 200 is arranged on the remote of sliding block 320
On the side of track 310.
Sensor 200 is arranged on the sliding block 320 of guide rail 300, and sensor 200 includes probe unit 210 and circuit board
220, probe unit includes measurement bay 211, optical-electrical converter 212, reference light source 213 and measurement light source 214.Optical-electrical converter
212nd, reference light source 213 and measurement light source 214 are separately mounted on measurement bay 211.
Measurement bay 211 is that cross section is trapezoidal structure, optical-electrical converter 212 is installed at the top of measurement bay 211, in light
The both sides installation reference light source 213 and measurement light source 214 of electric transducer 212, set reference light source 213 and measure light source 214
The direction of the launch is orthogonal, and it is in 45 degree of angles to measure the direction of the launch of light source 213 with the detection direction of optical-electrical converter 212
Degree, the direction of the launch of reference light source 213 and the detection direction of optical-electrical converter 212 are in 45 degree of angles.
Meanwhile measurement bay 211 can also be arranged to arc-shaped structure, or other can reach above-mentioned reference light source 213,
Measure the structure of position relationship between light source 214 and optical-electrical converter 212.
Light source driving circuit 221, amplifying circuit 222, A/D change-over circuits 223, data are provided with circuit board 220 to show
With storage circuit 224.
Power driving circuit 221 electrically connects with reference light source 213 and measurement light source 214 respectively, for controlling reference light source
213 and measurement light source 214 switch.
Optical-electrical converter 212 is electrically connected to amplifying circuit 222, and amplifying circuit 222 is sequentially connected electrically A/D change-over circuits
223 and data show and storage circuit 224.
Processor 400 electrically connects with circuit board 220, based on receiving the data of the collection of sensor 200 and data are carried out
Point counting is analysed.
In this embodiment, fixed block 330 is provided with track 310, the in the vertical direction of fixing hole 330 has screwed hole
(not shown), fix bar 340 is provided with sliding block 320, there is screw thread in fix bar 350, so as to which the spiral of fix bar 340 be connected
It is connected in the screwed hole of fixing hole 330, and by rotating fixing rod 340, so as to movement of the control slide block 320 on track 310.
In the present embodiment, it is flexibly connected between fix bar 340 and sliding block 320, so that fix bar 340 can be around axle
Rotate, and sliding block 320 will not move in the horizontal direction.
In another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided one kind carries out soil using above-mentioned soil moisture content measuring system
The method of measurement of water ratio, methods described include：
S1, catheter opening is up embedded in soil, and the opening of the conduit is exposed in the soil
Surface；
S2, sensor is fixed on the sliding block of guide rail；
S3, control the sliding block to be moved along track by fix bar, the sensor is moved to position to be determined；
S4, the sensor and processor are opened, data acquisition is carried out using the sensor；
S5, repeat step S3 and S4, the data acquisition of the soil moisture content of all depth to be measured is completed；
S6, data are handled by above-mentioned processor, calculate the moisture content of soil to be measured.
In the present embodiment, wavelength is 1800nm LED light source centered on reference light source 213, measures ripple centered on light source
A length of 1940nm LED light source.
Research shows that the moisture in material has strong absorption, the suction of soil moisture to the light of near infrared spectrum specific wavelength
It is 1400nm, 1900nm and 2200nm to receive peak wavelength, and absorption is most strong wherein at 1900nm, meanwhile, soil moisture is to wavelength
1800nm light has Weak Absorption.The present embodiment use centre wavelength for 1940nm light be measurement light, 1800nm is reference light.
To after soil surface, a part of light is reflected the near infrared light that light source is sent by soil absorption, a part.Pass through photoelectric transfer
Dependency relation be present with soil moisture content in the reflected light signal intensity that sensor receives.Therefore, can be by measuring the anti-of soil
Light intensity is penetrated, obtains the moisture content of soil.
There is certain dependency relation in the intensity of reflected light of soil moisture content and absorption bands, in order to minimize soil types
Influenceed caused by being reflected with sensor shape in soil surface light, the reflective light intensity at 1940nm and 1800nm is converted into phase
To absorbing depth (R).When measuring, the reflective light intensity of 1940nm and the wavelength of 1800nm two is measured first, is then used respectively
1800nm reflective light intensity is normalized, and the difference tried to achieve after the processing of two wavelength normalizations is relative absorbance depth
Value.Defined formula is as follows：
In formula, R is relative absorbance depth, R1For 1800nm reflective light intensity, R2For 1940nm reflective light intensity；
The linear relation model established between relative absorbance depth and soil moisture content is as follows：
θ=aR+b
In formula, θ is volumetric soil water content, and its unit is %, and a, b are respectively model coefficient.
It is to carry out the specific of soil moisture content measurement using the soil moisture content measuring system of embodiments of the invention below
Embodiment.
Fig. 4 be using the present invention soil moisture content measuring system carry out soil moisture content measurement relative absorbance depth with
The relation and its fitting result of volumetric soil water content.
As shown in figure 4, using somewhere purple soil as research object, relative absorbance depth is with volumetric soil water content in notable
Linear positive correlation, it is 0.863 that the deterministic coefficient of linear regression, which reaches, and relative absorbance depth increases with soil moisture content
And increase.Therefore, in corresponding moisture absorption wave band, it can be quantified by measuring relative absorbance depth value and soil be calculated contain
Water rate.Relative absorbance depth is influenceed by soil moisture content, and also the type, the content of organic matter and surface roughness with soil have one
Determine relation.
Fig. 5 shows that the moisture content that existing oven drying method measurement obtains measures with soil moisture content measuring system of the invention
The comparing result of obtained soil moisture content.
As shown in figure 5, scatterplot is all located at 1:Near 1 line, soil moisture content measuring system measurement result of the invention it is equal
Square error (RMSE) is 3.58%, and the soil moisture content that the water content that oven drying method measurement obtains obtains with sensor measurement is averaged
Relative error is about 5.3%.As a result show, soil moisture content measuring system of the invention can accurately measure soil water-containing
Rate.
By above-described embodiment, soil moisture content of the invention measures method, system and using its method, and it is
System design is simple, and precision is high, stability is strong, time saving and energy saving and have certain portability, suitable for it is indoor with field condition
Real-time measurement to soil moisture content.Meanwhile the system direct measurement a small range soil surface moisture content, using the side of conduit
Formula can measure the moisture content of different depth soil profile, and can directly control and fathom, and realize automatic, continuous number
According to collection.
Although being described in conjunction with the accompanying embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art can not depart from this hair
Various modifications and variations are made in the case of bright spirit and scope, such modifications and variations are each fallen within by appended claims
Within limited range.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of soil moisture content measuring system, it is characterised in that the system includes：
Conduit, sensor, guide rail and processor, the guide rail are arranged in the internal side wall of the conduit, and the sensor is set
Put on the guide rail, the processor is connected with the sensor, for receiving the data of sensor collection and by institute
Data are stated to be analyzed；
Multiple silica glass windows are axially provided with the side wall of the conduit, the multiple silica glass window is arranged in
On the position relative with the guide rail；
The guide rail includes track and sliding block, and the track is fixed in the internal side wall of the conduit, and the sliding block may move
Ground is set on the track, and the sensor is fixed on the sliding block, and the sensor is arranged on the sliding block
On side away from the track；
Fixed block is provided with the track, and the fixed block in the vertical direction has screwed hole, set on the sliding block
Fix bar is equipped with, there is screw thread, the fix bar spiral is connected in the screwed hole of the fixed block, and is led in the fix bar
Cross and rotate the movement of the fix bar control sliding block on the track.
2. a kind of soil moisture content measuring system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the side wall of the conduit
With silica glass window, the silica glass window axially extends to the top of conduit from the bottom of conduit, and described
Silica glass window is arranged on the position relative with the guide rail.
3. a kind of soil moisture content measuring system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the sensor includes：Visit
Unit and circuit board are surveyed, the probe unit includes measurement bay, optical-electrical converter, reference light source and measurement light source, the photoelectricity
Converter, reference light source and measurement light source are separately mounted on the measurement bay.
4. a kind of soil moisture content measuring system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the optical-electrical converter is located at
Between the reference light source and the measurement light source, the measurement light source is vertical with the direction of the launch of the reference light source, and
The detection direction of the direction of the launch and the optical-electrical converter of the measurement light source is in 45 degree of angles, the transmitting of the reference light source
Direction and the detection direction of the optical-electrical converter are in 45 degree of angles.
5. a kind of soil moisture content measuring system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that be provided with the circuit board
Light source driving circuit, amplifying circuit and A/D change-over circuits, the light source driving circuit with respectively with the reference light source and described
Light source electrical connection is measured, the amplifying circuit electrically connects with the optical-electrical converter, and the amplifying circuit turns with the A/D
Circuit electrical connection is changed, the A/D change-over circuits are electrically connected to the processor.
6. a kind of soil moisture content measuring system using described in the claims any one of 1-5 carries out soil moisture content measurement
Method, it is characterised in that methods described includes：
S1, catheter opening is up embedded in soil, and causes the opening of the conduit to expose the table in the soil
Face；
S2, sensor is fixed on the sliding block of guide rail；
S3, control the sliding block to be moved along track by fix bar, the sensor is moved to position to be determined；
S4, the sensor and processor are opened, data acquisition is carried out using the sensor；
S5, repeat step S3 and S4, the data acquisition of the soil moisture content of all depth to be measured is completed；
S6, data are handled by above-mentioned processor, calculate the moisture content of soil to be measured.
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| CN201410222466.6A CN104132903B (en) | 2014-05-23 | 2014-05-23 | A kind of soil moisture content measuring system and use its measuring method |
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| CN201410222466.6A CN104132903B (en) | 2014-05-23 | 2014-05-23 | A kind of soil moisture content measuring system and use its measuring method |
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| CN104132903A CN104132903A (en) | 2014-11-05 |
| CN104132903B true CN104132903B (en) | 2018-04-10 |
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| CN201410222466.6A Expired - Fee Related CN104132903B (en) | 2014-05-23 | 2014-05-23 | A kind of soil moisture content measuring system and use its measuring method |
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106525719A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-03-22 | 中铝瑞闽股份有限公司 | Device and method for on-line inspection of water content of surface of band |
| CN106770271B (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2023-09-05 | 浙江工业大学 | Device for simply measuring water content |
| CN107607690B (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2019-10-18 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of monitoring system and method for soil parameters |
| CN110108659A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-08-09 | 杭州电子科技大学 | One kind being based on near-infrared reflection formula soil humidity measuring device and its detection method |
| CN110567530A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2019-12-13 | 安徽工业大学 | Device and method for testing moisture, salinity and temperature in soil at different depths |
| CN112067573B (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2024-07-30 | 东方智感(浙江)科技股份有限公司 | In-situ monitoring device and method for total nitrogen content of soil |
| CN112378967B (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2023-06-20 | 青岛双瑞海洋环境工程股份有限公司 | Guide rail type underwater steel pipe pile electrode probe and installation device |
| CN112858222B (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2024-04-26 | 中国农业大学 | Visible light and near infrared soil moisture content sensor for detecting soil moisture content |
| CN114280103B (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2024-05-14 | 南京大学（苏州）高新技术研究院 | Method for measuring moisture content or suction distribution of soil surface by utilizing infrared thermal imaging technology |
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| CN101017133A (en) * | 2006-11-14 | 2007-08-15 | 西北农林科技大学 | Soil water measuring instrument based on infrared radiation |
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