CN104129404A - Method and device for detecting looseness of rail fastener in high-speed dynamic real-time manner - Google Patents
Method and device for detecting looseness of rail fastener in high-speed dynamic real-time manner Download PDFInfo
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- CN104129404A CN104129404A CN201310159000.1A CN201310159000A CN104129404A CN 104129404 A CN104129404 A CN 104129404A CN 201310159000 A CN201310159000 A CN 201310159000A CN 104129404 A CN104129404 A CN 104129404A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and device for detecting the looseness of a rail fastener in a high-speed dynamic real-time manner. The method comprises the following steps: a TDI line scanning camera transmits a collected image to an industrial control computer through a high-speed collecting card; an object which needs to be detected is determined; the industrial control computer cuts apart and clips the image, extracts the image of the fastener, and preprocesses the image; the image spectrum of the fastener is obtained; the image spectrum, which is obtained in a real-time manner, of the fastener is compared with the image spectrum, which is well stored in the industrial control computer, of the fastener, and defect recognition is performed; if a defect exists, the industrial control computer sends a warning that the fastener is loose to a display, and GPS positioning information is combined to obtain the position of a fault point; and the data of a testing result are recorded. The device comprises the TDI line scanning camera, the industrial control computer, the display, train speed detection equipment, a train mileage calculator, a GPS positioning instrument and a light source assembly. Compared with the prior art, the method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of high detection accuracy, simple image processing algorithm, visualized testing result and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of inspection and detecting device of processing based on image, especially relate to a kind of high speed and dynamically detect in real time loosening method and the device of railway rail clip.
Background technology
Rail fastener be on track in order to connect the part of rail and sleeper (or other types sub rail foundation), its effect is that rail is fixed on sleeper, keeps gauge and stops rail that the vertical transverse shifting with respect to sleeper occurs.Rail fastener is the vitals that concerns railway security, if circuit rail fastening is loosening, damaged, rail will can not get being completely fixed, thereby causes train to produce and jolt in operation way, even derailing.
Train constantly produces impact effect through out-of-date to rail, causes rail to there will be vibration, and the vibration of rail is passed to sleeper and roadbed by fastener.The bolt on fastener wherein, nut and spring easily produce looseningly owing to bearing for a long time the vibratory impulse of high frequency, while vibrating in loosening serious situation, just there will be and rock, and loss even ruptures, comes off.
Therefore need to regularly detect rail clip, at present, the inspection of common railway upper fastener mainly be relied on to the method for artificial inspection, this method needs a large amount of manpowers, and the railway line of long distance makes, and detection speed is low, poor stability; In recent years, development along with microelectronic technique and computer technology, also some automatic testing methods have been there are, mainly concentrate on and adopt the disappearance of computer vision methods contacting piece to detect, the relative manual method speed of this method of inspection is fast, efficiency is high, but accuracy of detection is relatively low, especially those is not lacked, but there is serious loosening fastener, can produce flase drop, undetected phenomenon.
Sum up, the automatic testing requirement of rail clip is mainly 3 points: at a high speed, efficiently, high precision.Current method of inspection need to improve in detection speed and accuracy of detection.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly in order to overcome the defect that above-mentioned prior art exists, to provide that a kind of accuracy of detection is high, image processing algorithm simple, testing result dynamically detects at a high speed loosening method and the device of railway rail clip intuitively in real time.
Object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
High speed dynamically detects the loosening method of railway rail clip in real time, and the method is carried out image acquisition by TDI line scan camera, and judges whether to exist railway rail clip loosening after the image gathering is processed, and specifically comprises the following steps:
1) according to testing requirement, set kinematic velocity and the scanning line frequency of TDI line scan camera;
2) TDI line scan camera synchronously carries out scanning imagery to rail, and the image of collection is transferred to industrial computer by high-speed collection card;
3) industrial computer is determined and is needed to detect target in conjunction with train kinematic velocity, collection position, temporal information;
4) industrial computer is reduced Image Segmentation Using, extracts fastener image, and carries out image pretreatment;
5) contacting piece image carries out Fourier transform, and carries out shifting function, thereby obtains fastener image spectrum;
6) the intact fastener image spectrum of storing in the fastener image spectrum obtaining in real time and industrial computer is compared, carry out defect recognition;
7) if the defect of existence, industrial computer sends the loosening warning of fastener to telltale, and in conjunction with GPS locating information, provides the position of trouble point;
8) record testing result data, form statistical forms output.
When described step 2), TDI line scan camera synchronously carries out scanning imagery to rail, TDI line scan camera receives train running speed and the acceleration signal of train speed check implement output, adjusts in real time scanning line frequency and the TDI integration progression of TDI line scan camera.
Described step 4) the image pretreatment in comprises image denoising, image deblurring processing and image calibration.
A kind of high speed dynamically detects the loosening device of railway rail clip in real time, be fixedly mounted on train bottom, this device comprises TDI line scan camera, industrial computer, telltale, train speed check implement, train driving mileage calculation device, GPS orientator and light source assembly, described TDI line scan camera, industrial computer, telltale connects successively, described train speed check implement connects respectively TDI line scan camera and industrial computer, described train driving mileage calculation device is all connected with industrial computer with GPS orientator, described TDI line scan camera and light source assembly are arranged on train bottom.
In described industrial computer, be provided with fast image pick-up card.
Described TDI line scan camera is provided with quadruplet, and distributing installation is in train bottom.
Described light source assembly comprises imaging special light source and light check implement.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1, utilize the distinctive scan mode of TDI line scan camera, combining image Processing Algorithm, realizes the loosening detection of fastener;
2, owing to adopting high speed TDI line drawing to sweep camera, can realize high speed, high resolution scanning imaging, detection speed is fast, accuracy of detection is high;
3, image processing algorithm is simple, and calculated amount is little, is easy to realize real-time processing requirements;
4, owing to adopting image detecting method, testing result is directly perceived, to doubt testing result, can carry out image reproducing, can also carry out follow-up further image processing method and improve accuracy of detection, thereby confirm fault.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the inventive method;
Fig. 2 is the principle of work schematic diagram of TDI line scan camera;
Wherein, figure (a) is TDI line scan camera scan mode schematic diagram, and figure (b) is that TDI line scan camera is according to direction of scanning imaging;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the scheme of installation of TDI line scan camera of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.The present embodiment be take technical solution of the present invention and is implemented as prerequisite, provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
It is a kind of method of inspection of processing based on image that the present embodiment dynamically detects the loosening method of railway rail clip at a high speed in real time, adopts TDI line scan camera to obtain rail clip image.Be illustrated in figure 2 the principle of work schematic diagram of TDI line scan camera, utilize TDI CCD to same scenery multiexposure, multiple exposure cumulative characteristic then, multiexposure, multiple exposure is equivalent to the length of exposure and extends at least TDI integration stages several times, that is: time * TDI integration progression of total exposure time length=scanning single file, this section of time length obvious prolongation for the ordinary lines scanning camera of identical line-scanning frequency is doubly a lot, even can reach, if scenery, because loosening generation shaken, will cause become fastener image obviously fuzzy during this period.The feature that this kind of motion blur image makes this image due to special formation mechanism obtains feature with respect to not loosening fastener image and has obvious difference, the frequency spectrum that for example this image is carried out to Fourier transform acquisition will have typical feature, with respect to the frequency spectrum that loosening fastener image does not occur, have notable difference, by relatively detecting problematic fastener.
As shown in Figure 1, testing process specifically comprises the following steps:
1) according to testing requirement, set kinematic velocity (km/h) and the scanning line frequency (khz) of TDI line scan camera;
2) TDI line scan camera synchronously carries out scanning imagery to rail, TDI line scan camera receives train running speed and the acceleration signal of train speed check implement output, adjust in real time scanning line frequency and the TDI integration progression of TDI line scan camera, the scanning speed that guarantees TDI line scan camera is strictly synchronizeed with the relative velocity of imaging system and scenery, and the image of collection is transmitted and painted industrial computer by high-speed collection card;
3) industrial computer is in conjunction with definite detection target that needs such as train kinematic velocity, collection position, temporal information;
4) in order to extract useful information, reduce calculated amount, industrial computer is reduced Image Segmentation Using, extract fastener image, and carry out image pretreatment, comprise image denoising, do not remove because pick up camera line scan speed and imaging system kinematic velocity do not mate the relation image blurring, that find out between image size and actual size causing and carry out image calibration etc.;
5) contacting piece image carries out Fourier transform, more clear for spectral image, is easy to comparison, and the spectral image after Fourier transform is carried out to shifting function, and the spectral image obtaining after displacement carries out defect recognition as characteristics of image;
6) the intact fastener image spectrum of storing in the fastener image spectrum obtaining in real time and industrial computer is compared, carry out defect recognition;
7) if the defect of existence, industrial computer sends the loosening warning of fastener to telltale, and in conjunction with GPS locating information, provides the position of trouble point;
8) record testing result data, form statistical forms output, for loosening fastener image can playback as the reference of artificial participation judgement.
As Figure 3-Figure 4, implement the above-mentioned high speed device that dynamically real-time detection railway rail clip becomes flexible method and be fixedly mounted on train bottom, this device comprises TDI line scan camera 1, industrial computer 2, telltale 3, train speed check implement 4, train driving mileage calculation device 5, GPS orientator 6 and light source assembly 7, described TDI line scan camera 1, industrial computer 2, telltale 3 connects successively, described train speed check implement 4 connects respectively TDI line scan camera 1 and industrial computer 2, described train driving mileage calculation device 5 is all connected with industrial computer 2 with GPS orientator 6, described TDI line scan camera 1 and light source assembly 7 are arranged on train bottom.
First be imaging device, it is high speed TDI line scan camera, with train operation, track is carried out to the imaging of high speed dynamic scan, camera parameter is according to train running speed, the requirement of image spatial resolution is selected, designed system can be carried out Function Extension, except detecting fastener loosening, can also carry out damaged, the backing plate disappearance/dislocation of fastener and the disease problem of other railway roadbed assemblies etc. according to the image gathering.
The running velocity of train is v, the line-scanning frequency of TDI line scan camera is f, TDI progression is N, total length of exposure of the every collection a line of TDI line scan camera image is that T exposes to the sun, corresponding spatial resolution is Rs,, according to the image-forming principle of TDI line scan camera (as shown in Figure 2), calculating parameter is:
T
expose to the sun=(1/f) * N
Rs=v×(1/f)
Train running speed in system and acceleration/accel will detect in real time, thereby determine that according to testing result the line-scanning frequency of TDI line scan camera is f, assurance train running speed is synchronizeed with line scan speed, the real-time testing result of train running speed and acceleration/accel also can be sent in industrial computer simultaneously, if exist asynchronous, can carry out image restoration processing by image processing method, reduce owing to not mating the image deterioration problem causing as far as possible;
Light source assembly 7 comprises imaging special light source 71 and light check implement 72, light check implement 72 testing environment light, if natural daylight is sufficient, can cancel imaging special light source, if night or overcast and rainy detection, need to start imaging special light source, the light situation during simultaneously according to imaging, adjust the TDI progression N of camera, guarantee reasonably exposure.
Imaging device is comprised of the identical imaging device of quadruplet, as shown in Figure 4, be respectively the left imaging device of left rail, the right imaging device of left rail, the left imaging device of right rail, the right imaging device of right rail, imaging device camera lens down, perpendicular to ground, install, quadruplet imaging device need to respectively configure a set of light source, but can share an industrial computer and telltale.
Claims (7)
1. high speed dynamically detects the loosening method of railway rail clip in real time, it is characterized in that, the method is carried out image acquisition by TDI line scan camera, and judges whether to exist railway rail clip loosening after the image gathering is processed, and specifically comprises the following steps:
1) according to testing requirement, set kinematic velocity and the scanning line frequency of TDI line scan camera;
2) TDI line scan camera synchronously carries out scanning imagery to rail, and the image of collection is transferred to industrial computer by high-speed collection card;
3) industrial computer is determined and is needed to detect target in conjunction with train kinematic velocity, collection position, temporal information;
4) industrial computer is reduced Image Segmentation Using, extracts fastener image, and carries out image pretreatment;
5) contacting piece image carries out Fourier transform, and carries out shifting function, thereby obtains fastener image spectrum;
6) the intact fastener image spectrum of storing in the fastener image spectrum obtaining in real time and industrial computer is compared, carry out defect recognition;
7) if the defect of existence, industrial computer sends the loosening warning of fastener to telltale, and in conjunction with train driving mileage and GPS locating information, provides the position of trouble point;
8) record testing result data, form statistical forms output.
2. a kind of high speed according to claim 1 dynamically detects the loosening method of railway rail clip in real time, it is characterized in that, when described step 2), TDI line scan camera synchronously carries out scanning imagery to rail, TDI line scan camera receives train running speed and the acceleration signal of train speed check implement output, adjusts in real time scanning line frequency and the TDI integration progression of TDI line scan camera.
3. a kind of high speed according to claim 1 dynamically in real time detects the loosening method of railway rail clip, it is characterized in that described step 4) in image pretreatment comprise image denoising, image deblurring processing and image calibration.
4. a high speed as claimed in claim 1 dynamically detects the loosening device of railway rail clip in real time, be fixedly mounted on train bottom, it is characterized in that, this device comprises TDI line scan camera, industrial computer, telltale, train speed check implement, train driving mileage calculation device, GPS orientator and light source assembly, described TDI line scan camera, industrial computer, telltale connects successively, described train speed check implement connects respectively TDI line scan camera and industrial computer, described train driving mileage calculation device is all connected with industrial computer with GPS orientator, described TDI line scan camera and light source assembly are arranged on train bottom.
5. a kind of vehicle-mounted high speed dynamic track surface deficiency video detecting device according to claim 4, is characterized in that, is provided with fast image pick-up card in described industrial computer.
6. a kind of vehicle-mounted high speed dynamic track surface deficiency video detecting device according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described TDI line scan camera is provided with quadruplet, and distributing installation is in train bottom.
7. a kind of vehicle-mounted high speed dynamic track surface deficiency video detecting device according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described light source assembly comprises imaging special light source and light check implement.
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CN113365896A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2021-09-07 | 阿万特国际科技公司 | Image-based track/rail fault monitoring and detection |
CN113365896B (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2024-02-27 | 阿万特国际科技公司 | Image-based track/rail fault monitoring and detection |
CN110239587A (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2019-09-17 | 浙江大学城市学院 | A kind of theoretical detection method of determining damage fastener position |
CN110239587B (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2020-04-14 | 浙江大学城市学院 | Theoretical detection method for determining position of damaged fastener |
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CN110979399A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-10 | 郑州铁路职业技术学院 | Dynamic detection method for high-speed railway track condition |
CN110979399B (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2021-09-28 | 郑州铁路职业技术学院 | Dynamic detection method for high-speed railway track condition |
CN111443092A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-07-24 | 中国铁建高新装备股份有限公司 | Method and device for detecting looseness of track fastener |
CN114882022A (en) * | 2022-07-07 | 2022-08-09 | 武汉海微科技有限公司 | Dispensing detection device and method |
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