CN104122233A - Selection method of hyperspectral detection channel for crude oil films with different thickness on sea surface - Google Patents
Selection method of hyperspectral detection channel for crude oil films with different thickness on sea surface Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a selection method of a hyperspectral detection channel for crude oil films with different thickness on the sea surface. The selection method comprises the following steps: obtaining actually detected spectral reflectivity data of sea water and the crude oil films with the different thickness; preprocessing Hyperion data; performing wave filtration on the actually detected spectral data; calculating the equivalent reflectance of Hyperion data environment noise; and normalizing simulated Hyperion channel data. According to the method, the spectral reflectivity data of the crude oil films with the different thickness on the sea is collected, the spectral response function and the equivalent reflectance of the environment noise of Hyperion sensor data are calculated, and the actually detected spectral data are subjected to wave filtration and normalization, so that the detection channel for the crude oil films with the different thickness on the sea surface is selected by a Hyperion sensor. According to the method, both the actually detected spectral difference and the influence from the environment noise in obtaining of a remote sensing image are taken into account, so that the method is geared to practical situations and relatively accurate in channel selection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ocean monitoring technologytechnologies field, relate in particular to the high spectrographic detection channel selection method of a kind of sea different-thickness crude oil oil film.
Background technology
Marine oil overflow is one of principal mode of marine pollution, and after oil spilling occurs, the relevant informations such as its position, kind, area and relative thickness are that the public and media are extremely paid close attention to.In application remote sensing, carry out oil spilling context of detection, multispectral, thermal infrared, radar etc. are all had to research widely and application both at home and abroad, but because marine environment is complicated, sea atmospheric effect, water body is to electromagnetic scattering and absorption, slick sensor information a little less than, while causing slick information extraction, there is the phenomenon of " the different spectrum of jljl, same object different images ".Appearance and development along with high spectrum resolution remote sensing technique, high-spectrum remote-sensing Detection Techniques research for slick information also obtains development, this technology can be obtained the reflectance spectrum of ground object target nearly continuity, thereby distinguishes seawater and oil spill object according to spectral signature difference.
High-spectrum remote sensing data is when carrying out oil film and water body detection, the impact of atmosphere while being simultaneously subject to sensing system noise and data acquisition (system noise and atmospheric effect are collectively referred to as neighbourhood noise), therefore water body and the distinguishing property of oil film on remote sensing images are not only considered measured spectra difference, also should consider the impact of neighbourhood noise.But current while utilizing measured spectra to select favourable wave band and sensor, suppose that the neighbourhood noise in observation process can be ignored, only analyze water body and oil film measured spectra difference, thereby caused oil film detection channels selection result inaccurate.
Summary of the invention
The problems referred to above that exist for solving prior art, the present invention will design a kind of high spectrographic detection channel selection method of sea different-thickness crude oil oil film that improves detection channels accuracy of selection.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: the high spectrographic detection channel selection method of a kind of sea different-thickness crude oil oil film, comprises the following steps:
A. obtain the spectral reflectance data of actual measurement seawater and different-thickness crude oil oil film
The spectral reflectance data Measuring Time of different-thickness crude oil oil film is chosen in fine 11:00～12:30 cloudless, that wind speed is less carries out, and in order to reduce extraneous reflected sunlight, result is caused to interference, and survey crew dark clothes.Spectral measurement equipment is ASD
field spectroradiometer, spectral range is 350～2500nm.Before data acquisition, ASD
field spectroradiometer carries out dark current correction automatically; The reflectance spectrum data of difference witness mark plate before measuring seawater and oil film, reference plate adopts and ASD
supporting diffuse reflection canonical reference plate; During measurement probe apart from reference plate, the water surface and oil film 20-50cm and vertically downward, 3 °-25 ° of field angle; In measuring process, every 3～5 minutes, measure the reflectance spectrum data of reference plate; To same measurement target duplicate measurements 10 times, reject after Outlier Data, calculate the mean value of every group of data, obtain the spectral reflectance data R of seawater, oil film
m.
B. Hyperion data are carried out to pre-service
Hyperion is the upper push-broom type high light spectrum image-forming spectrometer carrying of star EO-1 of earth observation, and its spectral range is 356-2577nm, has 242 wave bands, and spectral resolution is about 10nm.The wave band number of processing through radiation calibration is 198, and wherein VNIR56,57 wave bands and SWIR77,78 wave bands are overlapping, and actual available band is 196.Consider water body strong absorption to light after being greater than 1000nm, the Hyperion wave band of selecting wavelength to be less than 1000nm is analyzed.Hyperion data are subject to the impact of steam and ozone in atmosphere in imaging process, in order to eliminate the impact of atmosphere, Hyperion raw data are converted to the reflectivity data of earth surface, need to carry out atmospheric correction.The instrument that atmospheric correction is used is the FLAASH module of software ENVI4.5, uses this software can obtain the spectral response functions of Hyperion data simultaneously.
C. measured spectra data spectrum is carried out to filtering
Utilize the spectral response functions of the Hyperion data that step B obtains as wave filter, the actual measurement seawater that steps A is obtained and the spectral reflectance data R of different-thickness oil film
mcarry out filtering.According to the centre wavelength of Hyperion sensor and wave band number, arrange, measured spectra data are carried out to filtering, obtain simulating Hyperion channel data R
r.
D. Hyperion data environment noise is carried out to equivalent reflectance calculating
Accurate estimation to sensor-atmosphere-goal systems noise, can improve the accuracy that environmental information is extracted, and is accuracy and the accuracy of assessment remote sensing system extraction environment variable, need to be to the equivalent reflectance NE of the neighbourhood noise of remote sensing images Δ R
ecalculate.
NEΔR
E＝σ(R)
σ (R) is that in Hyperion data, covering internal as far as possible evenly, each wave band reflectivity standards is poor in the window in the very large waters of optical depth, by adjusting window size, makes σ (R) reach convergence.The automatic local convergence location algorithm that adopts the people such as Wettle to propose carries out the window's position selection.
E. simulation Hyperion channel data is normalized
The simulation Hyperion channel data R that step C is obtained
rbe normalized to the NE Δ R that step D obtains
espectrum, obtains spectrum S after normalization.
S＝R
r/NEΔR
E
F. Hyperion data oil film thickness is carried out to sensitivity assessment and channel selecting
The normalization spectrum S of step e has disclosed the theoretical boundary of Hyperion data aspect differentiation oil film thickness.With NE Δ R
efor unit measures, if two atural objects are at the NE of certain wavelength location Δ R
eabsolute difference is greater than 1, and in the view data of obtaining at Hyperion sensor, the two can have obvious difference in this wavelength coverage, and the data that sensor obtains in this wavelength location can be distinguished this two atural objects.That is, elect the passage that comprises this wavelength location as carry out the detection of different-thickness oil film passage.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
The present invention gathers the spectral reflectance data of Crude Oil at Sea oil film, and by calculating spectral response functions and the neighbourhood noise equivalence reflectivity of Hyperion sensing data, measured spectra data are carried out to filtering and normalization, carry out Hyperion sensor and carry out sea different-thickness crude oil oil film detection channels selection, compare existing channel selection method, the method had both been considered measured spectra difference, considered again Environmental Noise Influence when remote sensing images obtain, therefore more approach actual conditions, channel selecting is more accurate.
Accompanying drawing explanation
4, the total accompanying drawing of the present invention, wherein:
Fig. 1 is process flow diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is different-thickness crude oil oil film measured spectra reflectance curve of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is different-thickness crude oil oil film measured spectra reflectivity of the present invention curve after the filtering of Hyperion data spectral response functions;
Fig. 4 is different-thickness crude oil oil film measured spectra reflectivity of the present invention curve after the normalization of Hyperion neighbourhood noise equivalence reflectivity.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.As shown in Figure 1, first the present invention obtains the measured spectra reflectivity data of different-thickness crude oil oil film; Then Hyperion sensing data is carried out to parameter extraction, obtain Hperion spectral response functions; The Hyperion spectral response functions that utilization is obtained is carried out spectral filtering to measured spectra reflectivity data; By calculating, obtain the neighbourhood noise equivalence reflectivity NE Δ R of Hyperion sensor image data
e; Utilize the NE Δ R obtaining
efiltered measured spectra reflectivity data is normalized to operation; By the curve of spectrum after the filtering of analysis different-thickness crude oil oil film, obtain the susceptibility of Hyperion data to different-thickness oil film, select to be beneficial to the passage that different-thickness crude oil oil film is surveyed.
As shown in Figure 2, obtaining thickness is 10 μ m, 50 μ m, 300 μ m, 1000 μ m, 1500 μ m and the crude oil oil film of 2000 μ m and the spectral reflectance data of seawater.
As shown in Figure 3, utilize the spectral response functions of Hyperion sensor to carry out filtering to the spectral reflectance data of oil film in Fig. 2 and seawater, obtain the spectral reflectance rate curve of filtered different-thickness oil film and seawater.
As shown in Figure 4, utilize NE Δ R
eafter being normalized, data in Fig. 3 obtain normalized different-thickness oil film and Spectrum of sea water reflectance curve.By analysis, find the NE Δ R of 10 μ m and 50 μ m oil films and seawater
edifference is all over 1 between 427-875nm, and in this wavelength band, Hyperion data can be distinguished the difference of thin oil film and seawater, thereby identifies marine thin oil film; Within the scope of 498-579nm and 620-854nm, the NE Δ R of 1500 μ m and 2000 μ m oil films and seawater
edifference also all over 1, therefore in this wavelength coverage, utilize Hyperion data to carry out the identification of heavy oil film more effective.For the oil film of 300 μ m and 1000 μ m, within the scope of 427-590nm with the NE Δ R of seawater
edifference be not very large, and within the scope of 610-885nm with the NE Δ R of seawater
edifference is all greater than 1.In theory can reasonable identification Crude Oil at Sea oil film by Hyperion sensor, the NE Δ R of thin oil film and heavy oil film
edifference is mainly reflected within the scope of 508nm-610nm, and can distinguish thin oil film and heavy oil film.
From the corresponding Hyperion sensor passage of wavelength, for compared with 10 μ m and 50 μ m oil films, the 8th wave band to the 52 wave bands of Hyperion sensor can effectively be identified; Oil film to 300 μ m and 1000 μ m, the detection channels of Hyperion sensor is 26-53 wave band; For the oil film of 1500 μ m and 2000 μ m, the 15th wave band to the 23 wave bands and the 27-49 wave band data detection performance of Hyperion are better.
The above; it is only preferred forms of the present invention; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this; anyly be familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; according to technical scheme of the present invention and inventive concept thereof, be equal to replacement or changed, within all should being encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. the high spectrographic detection channel selection method of sea different-thickness crude oil oil film, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
A. obtain the spectral reflectance data of actual measurement seawater and different-thickness crude oil oil film
The spectral reflectance data Measuring Time of different-thickness crude oil oil film is chosen in fine 11:00～12:30 cloudless, that wind speed is less carries out, and in order to reduce extraneous reflected sunlight, result is caused to interference, and survey crew dark clothes; Spectral measurement equipment is ASD
field spectroradiometer, spectral range is 350～2500nm; Before data acquisition, ASD
field spectroradiometer carries out dark current correction automatically; The reflectance spectrum data of difference witness mark plate before measuring seawater and oil film, reference plate adopts and ASD
supporting diffuse reflection canonical reference plate; During measurement probe apart from reference plate, the water surface and oil film 20-50cm and vertically downward, 3 °-25 ° of field angle; In measuring process, every 3～5 minutes, measure the reflectance spectrum data of reference plate; To same measurement target duplicate measurements 10 times, reject after Outlier Data, calculate the mean value of every group of data, obtain the spectral reflectance data R of seawater, oil film
m;
B. Hyperion data are carried out to pre-service
Hyperion is the upper push-broom type high light spectrum image-forming spectrometer carrying of star EO-1 of earth observation, and its spectral range is 356-2577nm, has 242 wave bands, and spectral resolution is about 10nm; The wave band number of processing through radiation calibration is 198, and wherein VNIR56,57 wave bands and SWIR77,78 wave bands are overlapping, and actual available band is 196; Consider water body strong absorption to light after being greater than 1000nm, the Hyperion wave band of selecting wavelength to be less than 1000nm is analyzed; Hyperion data are subject to the impact of steam and ozone in atmosphere in imaging process, in order to eliminate the impact of atmosphere, Hyperion raw data are converted to the reflectivity data of earth surface, need to carry out atmospheric correction; The instrument that atmospheric correction is used is the FLAASH module of software ENVI4.5, uses this software to obtain the spectral response functions of Hyperion data simultaneously;
C. measured spectra data spectrum is carried out to filtering
Utilize the spectral response functions of the Hyperion data that step B obtains as wave filter, the actual measurement seawater that steps A is obtained and the spectral reflectance data R of different-thickness oil film
mcarry out filtering; According to the centre wavelength of Hyperion sensor and wave band number, arrange, measured spectra data are carried out to filtering, obtain simulating Hyperion channel data R
r;
D. Hyperion data environment noise is carried out to equivalent reflectance calculating
Accurate estimation to sensor-atmosphere-goal systems noise, can improve the accuracy that environmental information is extracted, and is accuracy and the accuracy of assessment remote sensing system extraction environment variable, need to be to the equivalent reflectance NE of the neighbourhood noise of remote sensing images Δ R
ecalculate;
NEΔR
E＝σ(R)
σ (R) is that in Hyperion data, covering internal as far as possible evenly, each wave band reflectivity standards is poor in the window in the very large waters of optical depth, by adjusting window size, makes σ (R) reach convergence; The automatic local convergence location algorithm that adopts the people such as Wettle to propose carries out the window's position selection;
E. simulation Hyperion channel data is normalized
The simulation Hyperion channel data R that step C is obtained
rbe normalized to the NE Δ R that step D obtains
espectrum, obtains spectrum S after normalization;
S＝R
r/NEΔR
E
F. Hyperion data oil film thickness is carried out to sensitivity assessment and channel selecting
The normalization spectrum S of step e has disclosed the theoretical boundary of Hyperion data aspect differentiation oil film thickness; With NE Δ R
efor unit measures, if two atural objects are at the NE of certain wavelength location Δ R
eabsolute difference is greater than 1, and in the view data of obtaining at Hyperion sensor, the two can have obvious difference in this wavelength coverage, and the data that sensor obtains in this wavelength location can be distinguished this two atural objects; That is, elect the passage that comprises this wavelength location as carry out the detection of different-thickness oil film passage.
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| CN106226212A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2016-12-14 | 上海交通大学 | EO-1 hyperion haze monitoring method based on degree of depth residual error network |
| CN106323179A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2017-01-11 | 大连海事大学 | Device and method for measuring oil film thickness based on Raman spectrum |
| CN106767457A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-05-31 | 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所 | A kind of water-surface oil film method for measuring thickness and device based on raman spectroscopy measurement |
| CN106767454A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-05-31 | 大连海事大学 | A kind of water-surface oil film thickness measurement system and method based on spectral reflectivity feature |
| CN108732109A (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2018-11-02 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and device for oil deposit positioning and oil film screening and computer storage medium |
| CN110646793A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-01-03 | 浙江海洋大学 | Ocean oil spill detection device based on remote sensing |
| CN111597751A (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2020-08-28 | 自然资源部第一海洋研究所 | Crude oil film absolute thickness inversion method based on self-expansion depth confidence network |
| CN113567352A (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2021-10-29 | 中国人民解放军63921部队 | Ocean oil spill detection method and device based on polarized hemispherical airspace irradiation |
| CN115451838A (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2022-12-09 | 大连海事大学 | Infrared spectrum-based thin oil film thickness detection method |
| CN115979972A (en) * | 2023-02-22 | 2023-04-18 | 中海油能源发展股份有限公司采油服务分公司 | Method and system for hyperspectral real-time monitoring of oil film of crude oil on sea surface |
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105844298A (en) * | 2016-03-23 | 2016-08-10 | 中国石油大学(华东) | High spectral oil overflow image classification method based on Fuzzy ARTMAP neural network |
| CN106323179A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2017-01-11 | 大连海事大学 | Device and method for measuring oil film thickness based on Raman spectrum |
| CN106226212A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2016-12-14 | 上海交通大学 | EO-1 hyperion haze monitoring method based on degree of depth residual error network |
| CN106226212B (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2018-10-19 | 上海交通大学 | EO-1 hyperion haze monitoring method based on depth residual error network |
| CN106767454A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-05-31 | 大连海事大学 | A kind of water-surface oil film thickness measurement system and method based on spectral reflectivity feature |
| CN106767457A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-05-31 | 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所 | A kind of water-surface oil film method for measuring thickness and device based on raman spectroscopy measurement |
| CN108732109A (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2018-11-02 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and device for oil deposit positioning and oil film screening and computer storage medium |
| CN108732109B (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2022-02-01 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and device for oil deposit positioning and oil film screening and computer storage medium |
| CN110646793A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-01-03 | 浙江海洋大学 | Ocean oil spill detection device based on remote sensing |
| CN111597751A (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2020-08-28 | 自然资源部第一海洋研究所 | Crude oil film absolute thickness inversion method based on self-expansion depth confidence network |
| CN111597751B (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2023-10-24 | 自然资源部第一海洋研究所 | Crude oil film absolute thickness inversion method based on self-expanding depth confidence network |
| CN113567352A (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2021-10-29 | 中国人民解放军63921部队 | Ocean oil spill detection method and device based on polarized hemispherical airspace irradiation |
| CN115451838A (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2022-12-09 | 大连海事大学 | Infrared spectrum-based thin oil film thickness detection method |
| CN115451838B (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2023-07-28 | 大连海事大学 | Thin oil film thickness detection method based on infrared spectrum |
| CN115979972A (en) * | 2023-02-22 | 2023-04-18 | 中海油能源发展股份有限公司采油服务分公司 | Method and system for hyperspectral real-time monitoring of oil film of crude oil on sea surface |
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Application publication date: 20141029 |