CN110646793A - Ocean oil spill detection device based on remote sensing - Google Patents
Ocean oil spill detection device based on remote sensing Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a remote sensing-based ocean oil spill detection device, which comprises a remote sensing system, wherein the remote sensing system comprises a calculation unit, the input end of the calculation unit is electrically connected with the output end of a data receiving unit through a lead, the input end of the data receiving unit is electrically connected with the output end of an oil film identification and extraction unit through a lead, the oil spill can be monitored by utilizing the reflection or radiation difference of the oil spill and seawater in different electromagnetic wave bands, the difference is represented as gray value on an image, the oil film and the seawater can be effectively distinguished, the type and time of the leaked oil can be deduced according to the spectral absorption characteristic difference of the oil films of different oil types and different periods, the oil spill information extraction based on the spectral characteristics of ground objects is realized, the damage of the oil spill to the ocean ecological environment is reduced, meanwhile, the remote sensing data are encrypted and stored, the browsing and modification of irrelevant people are prevented, thereby affecting subsequent normal detection work.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of marine environments, in particular to a marine oil spill detection device based on remote sensing.
Background
Remote sensing refers to a non-contact and remote sensing technology, generally refers to the detection of radiation and reflection characteristics of electromagnetic waves of an object by using a sensor or a remote sensor, and is a science and technology that detects a target ground object under the condition of being far away from a target and a non-contact target object through an electromagnetic wave sensitive instrument such as a remote sensor, obtains information of reflected, radiated or scattered electromagnetic waves (such as electric field, magnetic field, electromagnetic waves, seismic waves and the like), extracts, judges, processes and analyzes and applies the information, and the remote sensing can be simply understood as remote sensing from the literal view, generally refers to all contactless remote sensing, and from the modern technical level, the remote sensing refers to an application detection instrument, a technology for detecting and identifying a remote research object by using a space carrier and modern electronic and optical instruments, and the remote sensing refers to all contactless remote sensing technologies, the electromagnetic wave characteristics of the target object are acquired from a long distance by using a modern carrier and a sensor, and the functions (timing, positioning, qualitative and quantitative) of the target object are finally realized by transmitting, storing, satellite, correcting and identifying the information.
Petroleum is a precious mineral resource and energy source, and human beings give the reputations of "blood of industry" and "gold of liquid", in order to extract petroleum from deep in the earth, scientists have stranded back up brain juice, in order to compete for petroleum, some countries do not need to start war, petroleum plays an extremely important role in human social life, however, the pollution of petroleum to the ocean is the most serious pollution suffered by the ocean nowadays, and the pollution is mainly caused by the discharge of waste water of petroleum industry and ship dismantling industry, the cleaning of petroleum transportation ships, accidents and the oil extraction at sea, which not only destroys coastal landscape, but also seriously harms marine life.
Once a seawater oil spill disaster happens, the marine ecological environment is directly harmed, the thickness and the oil spill amount of an oil film in seawater are difficult to detect due to the large mobility of the seawater, and the problem that the detection result is not accurate enough easily occurs due to the fact that the traditional technology estimates the thickness of the oil film according to the tone of the oil film in the seawater, and the development environment of the follow-up ocean is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a remote sensing-based ocean oil spill detection device, which solves the problems that the thickness and the oil spill amount of an oil film in seawater are difficult to detect due to the large mobility of the seawater, and the thickness of the oil film is estimated according to the tone of the oil film in the seawater by the traditional technology, so that the confidentiality is improved, and the detection result is easy to cause inaccuracy.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a remote sensing based ocean oil spill detection device comprises a remote sensing system, wherein the remote sensing system comprises a computing unit, the input end of the computing unit is electrically connected with the output end of the data receiving unit through a wire, the input end of the data receiving unit is electrically connected with the output end of the oil film identification and extraction unit through a lead, the input end of the data receiving unit is electrically connected with the output end of the reflectivity spectrum data transmitting module through a lead, the oil film identification and extraction unit comprises an image data acquisition module, the output end of the image data acquisition module is electrically connected with the input end of the preprocessing module through a lead, the output end of the preprocessing module is electrically connected with the input end of the oil spilling information extraction module through a wire, the output end of the oil spilling information extraction module is electrically connected with the input end of the wave band selection module through a lead, and the output end of the wave band selection module is electrically connected with the input end of the user-defined calculation module through a wire.
Preferably, the output end of the custom calculation module is electrically connected with the input end of the gray-scale image construction module through a wire, and the output end of the gray-scale image construction module is electrically connected with the input end of the oil spilling region dividing module through a wire.
Preferably, the output end of the computing unit is electrically connected with the input end of the information memory through a wire, and the input end of the information memory is electrically connected with the output end of the encryption unit through a wire.
Preferably, the input end of the encryption unit is electrically connected with the output end of the password setting module through a wire, and the encryption unit is in bidirectional connection with the security authentication module through wireless.
Preferably, the input end of the safety certification module is electrically connected with the output end of the display terminal through a wire, and the display terminal is in bidirectional connection with the wireless transmission module through wireless.
Preferably, the input end of the wireless transmission module is electrically connected with the output end of the information extraction module through a wire, and the information extraction module is in bidirectional connection with the computing unit through wireless.
Preferably, the encryption unit comprises a storage module, an opening module and a locking module.
Preferably, the calculation unit comprises an oil film thickness calculation module and an oil spill amount calculation module.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention provides a remote sensing-based ocean oil spill detection device. The method has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the ocean oil spill detection device based on remote sensing is characterized in that a container is fixedly connected to the top of a bottom plate, vertical plates are fixedly connected to the top of the bottom plate and located on two sides of the container, light source lamps are fixedly connected to the tops of two opposite sides of the vertical plates through connecting frames, a fixing plate is fixedly connected to the top of the bottom plate and located on the back of the container, a spectrometer probe is fixedly connected to the top of the front of the fixing plate through a connecting block, a spectrometer is fixedly connected to the top of the bottom plate and located on one side of the back of the container, the spectrometer probe is electrically connected with the spectrometer through an optical fiber, scales are marked on the front of the container, the remote sensing system comprises a computing unit, the output end of the computing unit is electrically connected with the input end of an output unit through a wire, the input end of the computing unit is electrically connected with, the input end of the data receiving unit is electrically connected with the output end of the reflectivity spectrum data sending module through a wire, the input end of the encryption unit is electrically connected with the output end of the password setting module through a wire, the encryption unit is in bidirectional connection with the security certification module through wireless, the input end of the security certification module is electrically connected with the output end of the display terminal through a wire, the display terminal is in bidirectional connection with the wireless transmission module through wireless, the oil spill monitoring by utilizing the reflection or radiation difference of the oil spill and the seawater in different electromagnetic wave bands can be realized, the difference is shown as the gray value on the image, not only the oil film and the seawater can be effectively distinguished, but also the type and the time of the leaked oil can be deduced according to the spectral absorption characteristic difference of the oil films of different oil types and different periods, thereby the extraction of the oil spill information based on the spectral characteristics of the ground, the method has the advantages that a real-time, wide-range and low-cost detection mode is provided, damage to marine ecological environment caused by oil spillage is reduced, remote sensing data is encrypted and stored, and irrelevant personnel are prevented from browsing and modifying, so that subsequent normal detection work is influenced.
(2) This ocean oil spilling detection device based on remote sensing passes through wire and password through the input of encryption unit and sets up the output electric connection of module, and encryption unit realizes both way junction through wireless and security authentication module, can realize encrypting the processing to information storage ware, has guaranteed the security and the accuracy of data.
(3) This ocean oil spilling detection device based on remote sensing passes through wire and information extraction module's output electric connection through wireless transmission module's input, and information extraction module realizes both way junction through wireless and computational unit, can realize drawing the information of calculation of saving in the information storage ware, supplies the managers to look over.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the architecture of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of the architecture of the computing unit of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a structural schematic block diagram of an oil film identification and extraction unit of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of the structure of an encryption unit of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a perspective view of the structure of the present invention.
In the figure: the system comprises a remote sensing system 1, a reflectivity spectrum data sending module 11, a data receiving unit 12, an oil film identification and extraction unit 13, an image data acquisition module 131, a preprocessing module 132, an oil spill information extraction module 133, a wave band selection module 134, a self-defined calculation module 135, a gray image construction module 136, an oil spill area division module 137, an information memory 14, an encryption unit 15, a password setting module 16, a security authentication module 17, a display terminal 18, a wireless transmission module 19, an information extraction module 110, a calculation unit 111, an oil film thickness calculation module 1111 and an oil spill amount calculation module 1112.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-5, an embodiment of the present invention provides a technical solution: a remote sensing-based ocean oil spill detection device can monitor oil spill by utilizing the difference of reflection or radiation of oil spill and seawater in different electromagnetic wave bands, the difference is expressed as gray value on an image, not only can oil film and seawater be effectively distinguished, but also the type and time of the leaked oil can be deduced according to the difference of oil film spectrum absorption characteristics of different oil types and different periods, thereby realizing the extraction of oil spill information based on the spectral characteristics of ground objects, a real-time, wide-range and low-cost detection mode is provided, the damage of the oil spill to ocean ecological environment is reduced, simultaneously, remote sensing data is encrypted and stored, the browsing and modification of irrelevant people are prevented, and the subsequent normal detection work is influenced, the remote sensing system 1 comprises a remote sensing system 1, the remote sensing system 1 comprises a calculation unit 111, the calculation unit 111 comprises an oil film thickness calculation module 1111 and an oil spill amount calculation module 1112, the oil film thickness and the oil spilling amount of the oil spilling region can be calculated by the oil film thickness calculating module 1111 and the oil spilling amount calculating module 1112, the output end of the calculating unit 111 is electrically connected with the input end of the information memory 14 by a lead, the input end of the information memory 14 is electrically connected with the output end of the encryption unit 15 by a lead, the information memory 14 is a memory component for storing data, instructions and the like, in the patent, the calculation results of the oil film thickness and the oil spilling amount are stored, the model of the information memory 14 is XBOX360, the input end of the encryption unit 15 is electrically connected with the output end of the password setting module 16 by a lead, the encryption unit 15 is in bidirectional connection with the security authentication module 17 by wireless, the input password can be compared and authenticated with the preset correct password in the security authentication module 17, the encryption unit 15 comprises a storage module 151, a storage module, a storage, The security authentication module 17 comprises an opening module 152 and a locking module 153, a preset password of the information storage 14 is stored in the storage module 151, the information storage 14 can be opened through the opening module 152, the locking module 153 plays a role in locking the information storage 14, the input end of the security authentication module 17 is electrically connected with the output end of the display terminal 18 through a lead, the model of the display terminal 18 is JSLED _512GB, the display terminal 18 is bidirectionally connected with the wireless transmission module 19 through wireless, the wireless transmission module 19 is a module for wireless transmission by using wireless technology and is widely applied to the fields of computer wireless network, wireless communication, wireless control and the like, the wireless transmission module 19 mainly comprises a transmitter, a receiver and a controller, the model of the wireless transmission module 19 is ZM2441PA08, the input end of the wireless transmission module 19 is electrically connected with the output end of the information extraction module 110 through a lead, the information extraction module 110 is in bidirectional connection with the calculation unit 111 through wireless, the input end of the calculation unit 111 is electrically connected with the output end of the data receiving unit 12 through a wire, the input end of the data receiving unit 12 is electrically connected with the output end of the oil film identification extraction unit 103 through a wire, the input end of the data receiving unit 12 is electrically connected with the output end of the reflectivity spectrum data sending module 11 through a wire, the reflectivity spectrum data sending module 11 is used for receiving relation data of oil film thickness and reflectivity characteristic index of the to-be-detected sampled seawater obtained by the detection device and sending the relation data to the inside of the data receiving unit 12 in a centralized manner, the model of the data receiving unit 12 is SMEC-504, the model of the calculation unit 111 is ARM9, the oil film identification extraction unit 13 comprises an image data acquisition module 131, and the image data acquisition module 131 receives image data remotely sensed by a, reading the remote sensing image to obtain a remote sensing image with a standard format, wherein the output end of the image data obtaining module 131 is electrically connected with the input end of the preprocessing module 132 through a lead, the output end of the preprocessing module 132 is electrically connected with the input end of the oil spill information extracting module 133 through a lead, the preprocessing module 132 divides the remote sensing image with the standard format, the output end of the oil spill information extracting module 133 is electrically connected with the input end of the wave band selecting module 134 through a lead, the output end of the wave band selecting module 134 is electrically connected with the input end of the custom calculating module 135 through a lead, the oil spill information extracting module 13 extracts sea surface oil spill information from the remote sensing image, the wave band selecting module 134 distinguishes wave bands of a water body and an oil spill area according to the reflectivity difference of the water body part and the oil spill area, the output end of the custom calculating module 135 is electrically connected with the input end of the gray scale image constructing module 136 through a, the output end of the gray image building module 136 is electrically connected with the input end of the oil spilling region dividing module 137 through a wire, the self-defined calculating module 135 calculates the self-defined parameters according to the selected wave band to highlight the difference between the two, the gray image building module 136 builds the gray image according to the calculated parameters, the oil spilling region dividing module 137 carries out corresponding processing and extracts the region outline of the oil spilling region, the vertical plates 4 are fixedly connected to the top of the bottom plate 2 and the two sides of the container 3, the light source lamp 6 is fixedly connected to the top of the opposite side of the two vertical plates 4 through the connecting frame 5, the light source lamp 6 is a light source of a Light Emitting Diode (LED) as a luminous body, the light emitting of the light source lamp 6 can be ensured to face the central position of the sampling seawater in the container 3, the accuracy of the measurement of the spectral reflectivity data can be ensured, and the foundation is laid for the, the top of the bottom plate 2 and the back of the container 3 are fixedly connected with a fixed plate 7, the top of the front of the fixed plate 7 is fixedly connected with a spectrometer probe 8 through a connecting block, the top of the bottom plate 2 and one side of the back of the container 3 are fixedly connected with a spectrometer 9, the spectrometer probe 8 is electrically connected with the spectrometer 9 through an optical fiber 10, the optical fiber 10 is a shorthand optical fiber, is a fiber made of glass or plastic and can be used as a light conduction tool, the spectrometer 9 is also called a spectrometer and is widely known as a direct reading spectrometer, a device for measuring the intensities of different wavelength positions of spectral lines by using light detectors such as a photomultiplier and the like is composed of an incident slit, a dispersion system, an imaging system and one or more emergent slits, the electromagnetic radiation of a radiation source is separated into the required wavelength or wavelength region by using a dispersion element, and the intensity is measured on the selected length (or a certain waveband is scanned), the method is divided into a monochromator and a polychromator.
When the device is used, a part of seawater to be tested is sampled, the seawater is seawater without oil spilling, the seawater is poured into the container 3, the periphery of the container 3 is shielded by shading cloth, an external light source switch is started, light of a light source lamp 6 irradiates the central position of the water surface of the container 3, 1ml of experimental oil is extracted by a sampler and is injected onto the water surface of the container 3, the oil film is waited to be completely diffused and cover the whole water surface, then the spectrum of the reflectivity of the oil film is measured, the oil film reflectivity spectra with the upper oil amount of 2ml, 3ml, 4ml and 5ml … can be continuously measured by repeating the steps, then the thickness of the oil film is calculated according to a volume method, the reflectivity characteristic index is selected by combining the reflectivity spectrum measured correspondingly, the relation between the thickness of the oil film of the seawater to be tested and the reflectivity characteristic index is established, and the relation data is sent to the, the remote sensing system 1 receives the reflectivity spectrum data through the data receiving unit 14 and sends the reflectivity spectrum data to the computing unit 111, the image data of satellite remote sensing can be received through the image data acquisition module 131 in the oil film identification and extraction unit 13 and read to acquire a remote sensing image in a standard format, the remote sensing image in the standard format can be segmented through the preprocessing module 132, sea surface oil spill information can be extracted from the remote sensing image through the oil spill information extraction module 133, the wave band of a water body and an oil spill area can be distinguished through the wave band selection module 134 according to the reflectivity difference of the water body part and the oil spill area of the sea surface, the self-defined parameters can be computed through the self-defined computing module 135 to highlight the difference between the two, and the gray level image can be constructed through the gray level image construction module 136 according to the computed parameters, finally, corresponding processing is carried out through an oil spilling region dividing module 137, the region contour of the oil spilling region is extracted, the thickness of an oil film is calculated in an oil film thickness calculating unit 111 in a calculating unit 111 according to the region contour of the oil spilling region and the relation between the oil film thickness and the remote sensing spectral band reflectivity index, the oil spilling amount is calculated in an oil spilling amount calculating module 112, finally, the calculation result is sent to an information memory 14, the password of the information memory 14 is preset through a password setting module 16, an encryption unit (15) obtains two bytes of an upstream input field as M, the M is subjected to left displacement by 2 bits and then subjected to square operation to obtain T, and the T is obtained by taking a model of n for T, wherein n is the product of two prime numbers; the obtained output field C enters the next transmission and is sent to the storage module 151 for storage, the information storage 14 is locked through the locking module 153, when the information in the information storage 14 needs to be checked, the password is input through the display terminal 18, the input password and the password in the storage module 151 can be safely compared through the safety authentication module 17, if the comparison is correct, the information storage 14 is opened through the opening module 152, the information in the information storage 14 is extracted through the information extraction module 110, and the extracted output field C is sent to the display terminal 18 through the wireless transmission module 19 for display, so that the whole work is completed. And decrypting by adopting M = [ kq +/-C (p +1)/4] > >2, wherein k belongs to Z. The decryption difficulty can be improved by adopting an unconventional encryption mode.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A remote sensing based marine oil spill detection device, comprising a remote sensing system (1), the remote sensing system (1) comprising a calculation unit (111), characterized in that: the input end of the computing unit (111) is electrically connected with the output end of the data receiving unit (12) through a lead, the input end of the data receiving unit (12) is electrically connected with the output end of the oil film identification and extraction unit (103) through a lead, the input end of the data receiving unit (12) is electrically connected with the output end of the reflectivity spectrum data sending module (11) through a lead, the oil film identification and extraction unit (13) comprises an image data acquisition module (131), the output end of the image data acquisition module (131) is electrically connected with the input end of the preprocessing module (132) through a lead, the output end of the preprocessing module (132) is electrically connected with the input end of the oil spill information extraction module (133) through a lead, and the output end of the oil spill information extraction module (133) is electrically connected with the input end of the wave band selection module (134) through a lead, and the output end of the wave band selection module (134) is electrically connected with the input end of the user-defined calculation module (135) through a lead.
2. The remote sensing-based marine oil spill detection device of claim 1, wherein: the output end of the user-defined computing module (135) is electrically connected with the input end of the gray-scale image building module (136) through a lead, and the output end of the gray-scale image building module (136) is electrically connected with the input end of the oil spilling region dividing module (137) through a lead.
3. The remote sensing-based marine oil spill detection device of claim 1, wherein: the output end of the computing unit (111) is electrically connected with the input end of the information memory (14) through a lead, and the input end of the information memory (14) is electrically connected with the output end of the encryption unit (15) through a lead.
4. The remote sensing-based marine oil spill detection device of claim 3, wherein: the input end of the encryption unit (15) is electrically connected with the output end of the password setting module (16) through a lead, the encryption unit (15) is in bidirectional connection with the security authentication module (17) through wireless, the encryption unit (15) obtains two bytes of an upstream input field as M, square operation is carried out after the M is shifted left by 2 bits to obtain T, and the M is modulo by n to T to obtain C, wherein n is the product of two prime numbers; and the obtained output field C enters the next transmission.
5. The remote sensing-based marine oil spill detection device of claim 4, wherein: the input end of the safety certification module (17) is electrically connected with the output end of the display terminal (18) through a conducting wire, and the display terminal (18) is in bidirectional connection with the wireless transmission module (19) through wireless.
6. The remote sensing-based marine oil spill detection device of claim 5, wherein: the input end of the wireless transmission module (19) is electrically connected with the output end of the information extraction module (110) through a wire, and the information extraction module (110) is in bidirectional connection with the calculation unit (111) through wireless.
7. The remote sensing-based marine oil spill detection device of claim 3, wherein: the encryption unit (15) comprises a storage module (151), an opening module (152) and a locking module (153).
8. The remote sensing-based marine oil spill detection device of claim 1, wherein: the calculation unit (111) comprises an oil film thickness calculation module (1111) and an oil spill amount calculation module (1112).
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| CN112508328B (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2024-06-04 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Ecological quality monitoring system and method for natural protected land |
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