CN104114393B - 具有优化安装的电能存储器的液压混合动力汽车 - Google Patents

具有优化安装的电能存储器的液压混合动力汽车 Download PDF

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CN104114393B
CN104114393B CN201280062013.0A CN201280062013A CN104114393B CN 104114393 B CN104114393 B CN 104114393B CN 201280062013 A CN201280062013 A CN 201280062013A CN 104114393 B CN104114393 B CN 104114393B
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P·加托
N·菲奥里尼
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Technology Advances Co
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种液压混合动力汽车(10)，包括驱动与压力蓄能器相连接的液压泵的热力发动机(30)，细长管的形状的蓄能器中的一个(33)沿汽车轴线纵向安置在纵向的中央通道(52)中，中央通道由在车身底部上设置的凹部限定，其特征在于，所述液压混合动力汽车(10)还具有电能存储器(20)，电能存储器(20)包括至少一个UCAP电能存储单元，电能存储单元被安放在所述通道中，且在压力蓄能器和车身底部(50)之间。

Description

具有优化安装的电能存储器的液压混合动力汽车
发明领域
本发明涉及利用液压能量进行推进的混合动力汽车，其中安装有“超级电容器”或“超级电容”类型的电能存储单元，还被称为UCAP，用于尤其在热力发动机的起动阶段供电给汽车电气网和/或补充汽车标准电池。
背景技术
混合动力汽车具有的牵引链包括热力发动机，热力发动机驱动液压泵，以对液压蓄能器进行充电，进而存储能量。
已知由申请人注册的法国专利申请第1153273号，其在汽车车身底部之下安置细长管状的压力蓄能器。
图1示出了液压混合动力汽车10的示意性的和局部的仰视图，液压混合动力汽车10包括的静液压传动的主要元件尤其为液压发动机18、液压模块8、8A和压力蓄能器33、34。
压力蓄能器33、34的每一个由具有较小圆形剖面的细长管构成，细长管有利于限制该蓄能器中的应力。上压力蓄能器33被安置在汽车车身50的下面，纵向于该汽车的轴线XX’。下压力蓄能器34被刚性固定在上压力蓄能器的后端部，且基本横向地安置。
而且，该液压子组件呈现大体“T”型的形状，优选地具有被安置在车身底部的纵向通道52中的纵向部分和被安置在横向腔体54中的横向部分，横向腔体54在被设置用于汽车后排乘客的座椅的下方。该类型的通道通常被设置在一些汽车中，用于容置排气管，以及该类型的横向腔体通常被设置在一些汽车中，用于容置燃料箱。
在该安装中，排气管(未示出)从外部通过通道以为上压力蓄能器留下位置。
被联接到驱动轮(未示出)的液压机构可以运行发动机，以通过提取被存储于压力蓄能器中的或泵的能量而将机械功率供应给驱动轮，通过制动汽车为这些蓄能器充电，进而收复汽车的动能。
该被存储的液压能量的使用改善了热力发动机30的运行，且降低了消耗以及污染气体的排放。液压能量的存储能够使以零排放的液压模式即“ZEV”模式行驶，而热能发动机保持静止。
当汽车单纯以“ZEV”液压模式行驶以及因此热能发动机静止时，应该向汽车驾驶员和乘客持续地保证对汽车电气网供电的完全透明度(舒适性)。
被用于向汽车电气网供电的如传统铅电池这样的电能存储器不适用于运行液压混合动力汽车，液压混合动力汽车的以脉冲模式的运行在很短且重复的充电和放电循环中损耗电池，这易于非常迅速地损坏电池(过早老化)。
通过脉冲模式，意味着在该运行模式中的热力发动机即使不被用于牵引汽车，其也会在很短的周期内和以重复的方式被损耗，从而能够激活液压泵，从而在压力蓄能器保持足够压力。
发明内容
本发明的目的尤其在于避免这些缺点，提供一种具有电能存储器的液压混合动力汽车，所述电能存储器很快速地充电和放电并接受高压电流，而不会破坏电池的循环和因此不会破坏电池的使用寿命，另一方面改善其在汽车中的安装。
为此目的，本发明提供了一种液压混合动力汽车，包括驱动与压力蓄能器相连接的液压泵的热力发动机；蓄能器中的一个为细长管的形状，被沿汽车轴线纵向安置在纵向的中央通道中，中央通道由在车身底部上设置的凹部限定。所述汽车的特征在于，其还具有电能存储器，电能存储器包括UCAP型的至少一个电能存储单元，电能存储单元被安置在所述通道中，且在压力蓄能器和车身底部之间。
根据一种特征，所述电能存储器被安置在压力蓄能器的一个端部。
根据另一种特征，所述电能存储器被安置在蓄能器的前端部，与称为护板的车身底部的一部分相邻。
根据另一种特征，所述电能存储器具有箱体，其包括彼此一体联结在一起的两个部分：第一部分即与蓄能器相连接的下部和第二部分即相对第一部分倾斜的上部；这两个部分定义出长方体形状。
根据另一种特征，所述倾斜的上部被嵌套在所述第一部分中。
根据另一种特征，所述下部具有纵向凹部，凹部的形状与蓄能器的形状互补，以及上部的倾斜角度基本上对应于由护板相对于汽车参考水平面形成的角度。
根据另一种特征，所述上部的上表面与汽车护板相邻。
根据另一种特征，所述压力蓄能器为高压蓄能器。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种电能存储器，所述电能存储器具有UCAP型的多个电能存储单元，多个电能存储单元分布在密封箱体的彼此牢固联结的两个部分上：第一部分和相对第一部分倾斜的第二部分；这两个部分定义出长方体形状；第一部分的底部具有纵向凹部，凹部的形状与蓄能器的形状互补，以及第二部分的倾斜角度基本上对应于由护板相对于汽车参考水平面形成的角度。
根据电能存储器的一种特征，所述箱体为由模制成型得到的单体式箱体。
在通道中安装存储器的优点是，利用行驶时的自然通风区域(热量释放)可保护防止各种碰撞；所构成的UCAP对于热和碰撞是敏感的。
简化液压混合动力汽车构造的另一优点是装配方便和限制了零件数量。
附图说明
参照附图，通过对以举例而非限定性的方式在下面给出的详细描述的阅读，本发明将被更好地理解和其它特征和优点将变得更明显：
-图1为已描述的现有技术的液压混合动力机动车辆的示意性和局部仰视图；
-图2为根据本发明的电能存储器的示意图；
-图3为根据本发明的液压混合动力汽车前面的纵向局部剖面示意图；
-图4为相同汽车的横向剖面的局部示意图。
具体实施方式
在附图中显示出通常被用于在空间中定位汽车的参考系XYZ。
在附图中，用相同的附图标记分别标示与图1(现有技术)共用的元件。
参照图2描述的实施例，存储器20具有密封箱体21-22，密封箱体21-22包含大体圆柱形形状的四个UCAP 23-1到23-4。
在终端工厂滑轨上的机械构件的制备期间(POM)，UCAP可被安装在生产线边缘上的箱体上。
依照被嵌入汽车的电子消费器的数量和/或属性、根据需要供应给汽车电气网的电能，UCAP的数量是可变化的。
箱体包括两个部分21，22，各个部分的大体形状为长方体。
两个部分通过它们两个侧面中的一个，彼此相互嵌套，且其中一个部分以确定的角度相对另一个倾斜。
箱体的一部分被用于定位在高压蓄能器上，且用下部21指代，下部21具有剖面为圆形的局部柱状纵向凹部24，纵向凹部24被形成在下部21的内表面或底部25上，且在下部21的全部长度上延伸同时定中心于竖直中央平面PM上。
箱体的该下部用于与高压蓄能器相互作用。
凹部呈现的半径确定为基本对应于高压蓄能器的圆形剖面的半径。
而且所符合的下部能够将箱体以及存储器定位在蓄能器的圆柱表面上；存储器与高压蓄能器相交叠。
四个UCAP中的两个23-1和23-2被安放在凹部的两侧，从箱体内部看，23-1和23-2呈现纵向凸起的形状。
另外，该凸起还限定了适用于容纳两个UCAP的位置。
箱体的另一部分相对于下部倾斜且用上部22标示，上部22包括被分别安置抵靠平行侧边缘的另外两个UCAP 23-3和23-4，平行侧边缘平行于箱体的中央平面，中央平面还为箱体的对称平面。
箱体的上部被嵌套在下部的侧面26中；上部的下面27邻接于下部的侧面，在凹部之上且不与凹部重叠。
四个UCAP因此被两两地配置在它们各自的箱体部分中。
箱体上部的倾斜度确定为与由车身底部限定的在护板28处的坡度接近，且基本对应于从车箱内看到的前排乘客放脚的腔体的倾斜度。箱体上部的倾斜度基本对应于由护板相对于车身底部的参考水平面形成的倾斜角。
优选地，箱体为单体式的，由塑料材料模制成型。
而且，以有利的方式，在车箱车身底部之下安装存储器优化利用了在高压蓄能器前端和车身底部之间的可用空间。
确保了行驶时的存储器的冷却以及保护其不受碰撞。

Claims (8)

1.一种液压混合动力汽车(10)，包括驱动与压力蓄能器(33，34)相连接的液压泵(18)的热力发动机(30)，蓄能器中的一个(33)为细长管的形状，被沿汽车轴线(XX’)纵向安置在纵向的中央通道(52)中，中央通道由在车身底部上设置的凹部限定，其特征在于，所述液压混合动力汽车(10)还具有电能存储器(20)，电能存储器(20)包括至少一个UCAP型的电能存储单元(23)，电能存储单元(23)被安放在所述通道中，且在压力蓄能器和车身底部(50)之间，所述电能存储器包括彼此一体联结的两个部分(21-22)的箱体：第一部分即与蓄能器相连接的下部(21)和第二部分即相对第一部分倾斜的上部(22)；这两个部分定义出长方体形状，第一部分的底部(25)具有纵向凹部(24)，凹部(24)的形状与压力蓄能器(33)的形状互补，以及第二部分的倾斜角度基本上对应于由护板(28)相对于汽车参考水平面形成的角度。
2.根据权利要求1所述的汽车，其特征在于，所述电能存储器被安置在压力蓄能器的一个端部。
3.根据权利要求2所述的汽车，其特征在于，所述电能存储器被安置在蓄能器的前端部，与车身底部的被称为护板(28)的一部分相邻。
4.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的汽车，其特征在于，所述倾斜的上部被嵌套在所述第一部分中。
5.根据权利要求4所述的汽车，其特征在于，所述上部的上表面(29)与汽车护板相邻。
6.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的汽车，其特征在于，所述压力蓄能器为高压蓄能器。
7.一种电能存储器(20)，具有UCAP型(23-1到23-4)的多个电能存储单元，多个电能存储单元分布在密封箱体(20)的彼此一体联结的两个部分(21，22)上：第一部分(21)和相对第一部分倾斜的第二部分(22)；这两个部分限定出长方体形状；第一部分的底部(25)具有纵向凹部(24)，凹部(24)的形状与压力蓄能器(33)的形状互补，以及第二部分的倾斜角度基本上对应于由护板(28)相对于汽车参考水平面形成的角度。
8.根据权利要求7所述的电能存储器，其特征在于，所述箱体为由模制成型得到的单体式箱体。
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FR2984239B1 (fr) 2014-06-13
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