CN104111273A - Farmland multipath tension meter soil water potential dynamic collector - Google Patents
Farmland multipath tension meter soil water potential dynamic collector Download PDFInfo
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- CN104111273A CN104111273A CN201310131173.2A CN201310131173A CN104111273A CN 104111273 A CN104111273 A CN 104111273A CN 201310131173 A CN201310131173 A CN 201310131173A CN 104111273 A CN104111273 A CN 104111273A
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- water
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Abstract
The invention relates to a farmland multipath tension meter soil water potential dynamic collector. A water potential transmitter, a single-chip microcomputer control panel, and a lithium battery accumulator jar charger are arranged in the host of the collector; the front panel of the host is provided with a display, a charge light, a charge switch, a 232 port, operation buttons, and a host switch, the rear panel of the host is provided with a multipath socket, the single-chip microcomputer control panel is connected to the host switch, a battery is connected to the single chip microcomputer control panel, the multipath socket is connected to a probe sheathed wire; the probe sheathed wire is provided with a moisture wetness-sensing probe and a moisture transmitter and is connected to a multipath signal wire which is inserted into the multipath socket; and the 232 part is connected to a notebook through a USB-to-232 wire. A solar silicon battery is adopted to supply energy to the lithium battery, so the collector can work without an AC supply in the wild. The collector has the advantages of multiply paths, small volume, strong intellectuality, and simple operation, and can be used to observe and monitor water change of farmland, main root area, and grassland and orchid without irritation facility.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of instrument of monitoring farmland multichannel tensiometer soil water potential.
Background technology
[0002] agricultural land soil flow of water water cut and the holard flow and to plant survive and growth is closely related, be one of important soil characteristic index.In the time measuring soil water potential water cut, adopt traditional earth boring auger for dry method more.Owing to measuring soil texture complexity, fetch earth very difficult, cause workload large, time is long, takes in the process of husky sample measuring point variation in addition, the error at measurment that spatial variability of soil water brings, can not meet the requirement of field fixed point METHOD FOR CONTINUOUS DETERMINATION agricultural land soil flow of water dynamic change.Secondly,, because farmland is large with soil drilling method destruction field-crop area, as the observation station to more is carried out synchronous Continuous Observation, if adopt soil drilling method to measure, the moisture structure recording like this will have very large distortion or make data processing complex.
Summary of the invention
In order to grasp better the agricultural land soil flow of water, moisture dynamic changing process, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of farmland multichannel tensiometer dynamic measurement of soil monitor.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of farmland multichannel tensiometer dynamic measurement of soil Acquisition Instrument, mainly by flow of water sense wet probe, flow of water pressure conduction plastic flexible pipe, add water tube hose, collection chamber, 2# rubber plug and 1# rubber plug, air chamber sealing cap, negative pressure is conducted air induction hose, air discharge cook, pressure transducer, 4 core signal wires and single-chip microcomputer Acquisition Instrument main frame and is formed.The wet probe of flow of water sense connects and adds water tube hose and flow of water pressure conduction plastic flexible pipe respectively, and the hose end that adds water is plugged with 2# rubber plug, and flow of water pressure conduction plastic flexible pipe connects collection chamber, and collection chamber is plugged with 1# rubber plug, and air chamber sealing cap screws collection chamber; Collection chamber and negative pressure conduction air induction hose are by air discharge cook Bonding pressure sensor, the multiple-connector seat that pressure transducer is provided with rear panel by 4 core signal wires is connected single-chip microcomputer Acquisition Instrument main frame, single-chip microcomputer Acquisition Instrument main frame is built-in with flow of water transmitter, singlechip control panel and hermetically sealed lithium battery, and single-chip microcomputer Acquisition Instrument main frame front panel is provided with liquid crystal display, host switch, 232 mouthfuls and solar charging electric switch; In single-chip microcomputer Acquisition Instrument main frame, singlechip control panel is communicated with host switch respectively, and hermetically sealed lithium battery is communicated with singlechip control panel, and solar cell is connected with hermetically sealed lithium battery, by the control of solar charging electric switch; Be communicated with singlechip control panel by power lead, 232 mouthfuls turn 232 lines by USB and are connected with notebook computer.
The wet probe of above-mentioned flow of water sense is to have porous clay cup head, with flow of water pressure conduction plastic flexible pipe, add water tube hose, collection chamber conducts air induction hose and is connected and combines with resin with negative pressure.
The beneficial effect of advantage of the present invention and generation is:
1, the present invention has adopted advanced microcomputer single-chip microcomputer, COMS integrated digital circuit technology, utilize single-chip microcomputer by data storing, processing, calculating, demonstration, also adopted silicon solar cell to storage battery power supply, solve field without also normally working in the situation of alternating current, make instrument reliability, anti-interference is improved.This instrument way is many, volume is little, intelligent strong, simple to operate, continuous acquisition Sandyland Soil Moisture only needs a people to complete whole surveying works, just can put according to the order of sequence function at the scene automatically gather without observation personnel, has 2, the present invention selected flow of water pressure conduction plastic flexible pipe, added water tube hose, collection chamber, easily degasification, is convenient for changing the water in vitrified-clay pipe, flexible pipe is buried underground and can be observed away from measuring point, avoid water to be beneficial to soon and to accelerate the agricultural land soil flow of water along hard tube wall, the accumulative process of hydrological data, can obtain the slight change of Farmland Water, there is no serious stagnant wet phenomenon, be convenient to Water movement of farmland, infiltrate the research of the phenomenons such as peak face moves, the more important thing is that it can need regimen condition by real-time dynamic monitoring farmland crops, for agriculture personnel provide a large amount of, observe accurately crop water data, greatly shorten and alleviate the experimental study cycle of agriculture personnel to some problems, can make researchist within the short as far as possible time with minimum manpower, material resources obtain faster, scientific payoffs preferably, make the high yield of economizing on water that arrives of crops.
Speed enters to blend the impact of artificial destruction measuring point environment; Adopt vitrified-clay pipe it have be not oxidized, never degenerate, stagnant wet phenomenon is little, the features such as sensitivity height.Be embedded in for a long time in soil, inwall does not need to dig out capable of washing if any dirt; Easy to use, adjustable point location METHOD FOR CONTINUOUS DETERMINATION, can be used as and extract soil liquid gauge head, for irrigation, plant growth provide necessary science data.
3, power supply of the present invention is powered to maintenance-free battery by silicon solar.Non-maintaining accumulator jar feature is: I, inner without working fluid, and place in any orientation does not all affect instrument use; II, between the whole operating period without moisturizing mend acid etc. maintenance work, storage battery clean in appearance can not be made moist; The gas producing in III, charging process can be absorbed by special negative pole, need not worry corrosion and pollution to instrument and equipment; IV, long service life, capacity is large, has extremely low inside self-discharge characteristics, can provide stable heavy-current discharge voltage.When visible accumulator jar all has good performance and coordinates with silicon solar cell, more can demonstrate its superiority, both combine just can form and are applicable to the supply unit that field is used.
4, the present invention finds out the relational expression of soil moisture content and holard tension force according to field data, there is this relational expression just can learn at any time corresponding soil moisture content according to the holard tension force of observation, the holard tension force index obtaining according to test just can instruct field irrigation, when condition license, also can automatically control irrigation according to holard tension force index.For plant growth provides necessary science data.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is schematic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
A kind of farmland multichannel tensiometer dynamic measurement of soil Acquisition Instrument, mainly by the wet probe 1 of flow of water sense, flow of water pressure conduction plastic flexible pipe 2, add water tube hose 3, collection chamber 4, 2# rubber plug 11 and 1# rubber plug 6, air chamber sealing cap 5, negative pressure conduction air induction hose 7, air discharge cook 8, pressure transducer 9, 4 core signal wires 10 and single-chip microcomputer Acquisition Instrument main frame 12 form, it is characterized in that the wet probe 1 of flow of water sense connects and adds water tube hose 3 and flow of water pressure conduction plastic flexible pipe 2 respectively, add water tube hose 3 ends and be plugged with 2# rubber plug 11, flow of water pressure conduction plastic flexible pipe 2 connects collection chamber 4, collection chamber 4 is plugged with 1# rubber plug, air chamber sealing cap 5 screws collection chamber 4, collection chamber 4 passes through air discharge cook 8 Bonding pressure sensors 9 with negative pressure conduction air induction hose 7, the multiple-connector seat 22 that pressure transducer 9 is provided with rear panel 21 by 4 core signal wires 10 is connected single-chip microcomputer Acquisition Instrument main frame 12, single-chip microcomputer Acquisition Instrument main frame 12 is built-in with flow of water transmitter 13, singlechip control panel 14 and hermetically sealed lithium battery 24, and single-chip microcomputer Acquisition Instrument main frame 12 front panels 15 are provided with liquid crystal display 16,17,232 mouthful 18 of host switch, solar charging electric switch 19, the interior singlechip control panel 14 of single-chip microcomputer Acquisition Instrument main frame 12 is communicated with host switch 17 respectively, and hermetically sealed lithium battery 24 is communicated with singlechip control panel 14, and solar cell 23 is connected with hermetically sealed lithium battery 24, is controlled by solar charging electric switch 19, be communicated with singlechip control panel 14 by power lead 20,232 mouthful 18 turns 232 lines 25 by USB and is connected with notebook computer 26.
Be described below with regard to farmland multichannel tensiometer dynamic measurement of soil Acquisition Instrument below:
One, electric supply installation
Instrument is arranged on observation site, farmland, field, usually can only use powered by direct current, instrument is worked in the wild stably in a long term, select suitable supply unit just to seem very important, must have a stable supply unit, the present invention adopts silicon solar assembled battery---and non-maintaining miniature hermetically sealed lithium battery 24 is as electric supply installation.
Load of the present invention is only supplied with main frame electric current by hermetically sealed lithium battery 24, along with the continuous current sinking of load, the voltage of hermetically sealed lithium battery 24 reduces gradually, daytime, the sun was out time, silicon solar cell plate charges to hermetically sealed lithium battery 24 with little electric current by charger, and in the time that the capacity of storage battery is sufficient, charger disconnects, can prevent from like this charging excessive, extend the serviceable life of hermetically sealed lithium battery 24, the voltage stabilization that the electric supply installation of this method of work provides, and can be because not charging the undue serviceable life that affect hermetically sealed lithium battery 24.
Two, measuring method
The wet probe of soil water potential sense 1 degree of depth of burying underground is respectively 10cm, 20cm, 40cm, 60cm, 80cm, 100cm, 120cm, 140cm.According to the crops root system degree of depth in the kind of crop and field and Farmland Water state, the wet probe 1 of flow of water sense can vertical distribution or horizontal distribution, at different depth some measuring points of multiselect of trying one's best.
The wet probe of soil water potential sense 1(porous clay cup) be the inductive means of instrument.First collection chamber 4 and the air discharge cook 8 of the junction of negative pressure conduction air induction hose 7 are closed, then added water by filler pipe 3, until flow of water pressure conduction plastic flexible pipe 2 and collection chamber 4 water full after, clog and add water tube hose 3 with 2# rubber plug 11,1# rubber plug 6 clogs collection chamber 4, and screws collection chamber 4 with air chamber sealing cap 5.4 mouthfuls of jam-packs of collection chamber, can not leak gas, and finally opening air discharge cook 8 is that Installation and Debugging are complete again.The wet probe 1 of soil water potential sense is connected with the holard, produces the conducting in waterpower.The d. c. voltage signal that converts output 0 ~ 5V to by pressure transducer 9 by the wet probe of soil water potential sense 1 suction value is to single-chip microcomputer (80C31), pass through Single-chip Controlling, by single-chip microcomputer, formula is processed to calculate to inquire into again and water cut, just can draw sand ground different depth, the value of difference water cut.Turn 232 lines 25 and be connected to notebook computer 26 and operate the instrument of farmland multichannel tensiometer soil water potential by USB for 232 mouthful 18, read download, carry out data storage and show.In the time that the flow of water in the flow of water and soil in vitrified-clay pipe 1 is unequal, in soil, water is just flowed to flow of water lower by flow of water eminence, until the flow of water balance of two systems.After balance, show that by single-chip microcomputer Acquisition Instrument main frame 12 reading value is exactly soil water potential at that time.By measuring the size of soil water potential absolute value, just meter calculates soil moisture content more accurately.
The present invention, according to the how many distribution close relations to the soil liquid of soil moisture, measures soil moisture and distributes, and judges soil moisture state, that is: same deep soil, and soil water absorbing force is larger, and soil water potential absolute value is higher, and soil moisture content is fewer; Soil water absorbing force is less, and soil water potential absolute value is less, and soil moisture content the more.So the water absorbing force numerical value that the present invention shows has reflected the situation that soil moisture changes equally.To calculate demonstration soil moisture in order observing, need to set up soil moisture content and Soil water suction relation curve, be called characteristic curve of soil moisture.The relation that exists between soil moisture content (%) and suction can be by following formula qualitative representation: P=F(H) in formula: P-Soil moisture; F-function; H-soil water suction constant.
In formula, Soil moisture P is only relevant with soil water suction, along with the increase soil water potential absolute value of moisture is less; Soil water absorbing force is larger, and soil water potential absolute value is higher, and soil moisture content is fewer.
Three, multipath conversion analog switching circuit
Multipath conversion analog switching circuit is made up of logic level converting circuit, address decoding circuitry, switch passage three parts.The multidiameter option switch structure that it is made up of 32 relays.Then through multi-way switch timesharing transmission, sampling/holding circuit keeps, then through changing into binary digit amount, finally delivers to microcomputer and process exclusive disjunction, and required parts are being controlled.
Four, Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system
Taking 80C31 as CPU, select high speed COMS device composition, control survey, calculation process, address latch and program circuit.Show by 12 liquid crystal display year, month, day, hour, min; Front two shows way, rear four aobvious moisture values, two of radix point.A slice EPROM27C512 is used in storage, so that hydrological data arranges, reorganization work.Be designed with hand switch, guarantee instrument can normally be worked under different conditions.
Five, burying of the wet probe of flow of water sense (vitrified-clay pipe)
According to the soil moisture state in the kind of crop and field, the wet probe of flow of water sense 1(vitrified-clay pipe) be applicable to be easy to damp soil, main root group district, and the moisture of meadow and the orcharding etc. of irrigating facility changes observation.
In the time burying underground, try not to touch soil texture around, the wet probe of flow of water sense 1(vitrified-clay pipe) depth of burying needs establish according to measuring.Bury underground with portable earth boring auger boring, before burying underground, first wet flow of water sense probe 1 is invaded and ducked in drink, get rid of the air in the wet probe of flow of water sense 1 space; After burying place underground and determining, in when punching, the aperture of flexible pipe is slightly less than the diameter of the wet probe 1 of flow of water sense; The soil taking out after punching stirs into mud, is in the milk as burying underground in the hole of the wet probe 1 of flow of water sense, after the heavy collection of mud, bankets again, and banket and want carefully, while burying deep layer vitrified-clay pipe underground, to banket and want layering, and injected water, make loose earth heavy real.Each device junction will ensure to connect jail, sealing, with anti-gas-leak.Burying the wet probe of flow of water sense 1 o'clock underground, noting by the exhaust outlet place of the wet probe 1 of flow of water sense upward, being conducive to exhaust.Collection chamber 4 is connected with flow of water pressure conduction plastic flexible pipe 2, makes the wet probe 1 of flow of water sense can automatically rise to collection chamber 4 with the gas of flow of water pressure conduction plastic flexible pipe 2 interior generations.The wet probe 1 of the tensiometer flow of water sense that assembles gos deep into after predetermined depth, then in mud perfusion hand-hole, the wet probe 1 of mounted flow of water sense, and toward to add water that water tube hose 3 will inject be distilled water or boil the chilled water after approximately 5 minutes,
Wire end on stand-down, every road of should trying one's best concentrates on a plug, to increase work efficiency.Can take a shelf with timber or plastic tube on the side on ground, the plug of wire is arranged and put well, then, in the time of observation, can put on the top of the shelf and establish Instrument observation record.
Claims (1)
1. a farmland multichannel tensiometer dynamic measurement of soil Acquisition Instrument, mainly by the wet probe of flow of water sense (1), flow of water pressure conduction plastic flexible pipe (2), add water tube hose (3), collection chamber (4), 2# rubber plug (11) and 1# rubber plug (6), air chamber sealing cap (5), negative pressure conduction air induction hose (7), air discharge cook (8), pressure transducer (9), 4 core signal wires (10) and single-chip microcomputer Acquisition Instrument main frame (12) composition, it is characterized in that the wet probe of flow of water sense (1) connects respectively adds water tube hose (3) and flow of water pressure conduction plastic flexible pipe (2), add water tube hose (3) end and be plugged with 2# rubber plug (11), flow of water pressure conduction plastic flexible pipe (2) connects collection chamber (4), collection chamber (4) is plugged with 1# rubber plug (6), air chamber sealing cap (5) screws collection chamber (4), collection chamber (4) passes through air discharge cook (8) Bonding pressure sensor (9) with negative pressure conduction air induction hose (7), the multiple-connector seat (22) that pressure transducer (9) is provided with rear panel (21) by 4 core signal wires (10) is connected single-chip microcomputer Acquisition Instrument main frame (12), single-chip microcomputer Acquisition Instrument main frame (12) is built-in with flow of water transmitter (13), singlechip control panel (14), hermetically sealed lithium battery (24), single-chip microcomputer Acquisition Instrument main frame (12) front panel (15) is provided with liquid crystal display (16), host switch (17), 232 mouthfuls (18) and solar charging electric switch (19), the interior singlechip control panel of single-chip microcomputer Acquisition Instrument main frame (12) (14) is communicated with host switch (17) respectively, hermetically sealed lithium battery (24) is communicated with singlechip control panel (14), solar cell (23) is connected with hermetically sealed lithium battery (24), is controlled by solar charging electric switch (19), be communicated with singlechip control panel (14) by power lead (20), 232 mouthfuls (18) turn 232 lines (25) by USB and are connected with notebook computer (26).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310131173.2A CN104111273A (en) | 2013-04-16 | 2013-04-16 | Farmland multipath tension meter soil water potential dynamic collector |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310131173.2A CN104111273A (en) | 2013-04-16 | 2013-04-16 | Farmland multipath tension meter soil water potential dynamic collector |
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| CN104111273A true CN104111273A (en) | 2014-10-22 |
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| CN201310131173.2A Pending CN104111273A (en) | 2013-04-16 | 2013-04-16 | Farmland multipath tension meter soil water potential dynamic collector |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104391105A (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2015-03-04 | 南京林业大学 | Water-free soil matrix potential profile measurement device |
| CN109387459A (en) * | 2018-11-05 | 2019-02-26 | 天津市农业科学院信息研究所 | Solar powered soil water potential intelligent recorder and its correction, application method |
| CN110988038A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-04-10 | 中国农业大学 | Soil moisture characteristic line measuring device and measuring method thereof |
| CN111751278A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-10-09 | 江苏迪迈机械有限公司 | Multi-soil-layer soil water potential measuring system |
| CN109387459B (en) * | 2018-11-05 | 2024-04-19 | 天津市农业科学院 | Solar-powered intelligent soil water potential recorder and correction and use method thereof |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109387459B (en) * | 2018-11-05 | 2024-04-19 | 天津市农业科学院 | Solar-powered intelligent soil water potential recorder and correction and use method thereof |
| CN110988038A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-04-10 | 中国农业大学 | Soil moisture characteristic line measuring device and measuring method thereof |
| CN111751278A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-10-09 | 江苏迪迈机械有限公司 | Multi-soil-layer soil water potential measuring system |
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Application publication date: 20141022 |