CN111751278A - Multi-soil-layer soil water potential measuring system - Google Patents
Multi-soil-layer soil water potential measuring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111751278A CN111751278A CN202010583043.2A CN202010583043A CN111751278A CN 111751278 A CN111751278 A CN 111751278A CN 202010583043 A CN202010583043 A CN 202010583043A CN 111751278 A CN111751278 A CN 111751278A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- HPNSNYBUADCFDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromafenozide Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C(=O)N(NC(=O)C=2C(=C3CCCOC3=CC=2)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 HPNSNYBUADCFDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004382 potting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
- G01N19/10—Measuring moisture content, e.g. by measuring change in length of hygroscopic filament; Hygrometers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/16—Measuring force or stress, in general using properties of piezoelectric devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L9/00—Measuring steady of quasi-steady pressure of fluid or fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means
- G01L9/08—Measuring steady of quasi-steady pressure of fluid or fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means by making use of piezoelectric devices, i.e. electric circuits therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
- G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a soil water potential measuring system of multiple soil layers, which can monitor the soil water potentials of multiple soil layers at different depths simultaneously, and comprises a plurality of soil negative pressure meters at different depths and a signal wireless transmission module, wherein each soil negative pressure meter comprises a clay head, an organic glass tube and a rubber plug; the signal wireless transmission module comprises a wireless monitoring box, a signal wire and a micro-pressure sensor, wherein the micro-pressure sensor is arranged in each independent soil negative pressure meter, and the micro-pressure sensors are communicated to the public wireless monitoring box through the signal wire. The multi-soil-layer soil water potential measuring system disclosed by the invention meets the requirements of practical application by utilizing a structure optimization technology, has the characteristics of remote monitoring, simple process and simplicity and convenience in operation, and effectively solves the problem that the conventional soil negative pressure meter can only monitor the depth of one soil layer and cannot carry out remote monitoring.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a multi-soil-layer soil water potential measuring system, and belongs to the field of farmland water-saving irrigation.
Background
China is a big agricultural country, agriculture supports the development of national economy, and irrigation plays a very important role in agricultural development. Meanwhile, China is a country with serious shortage of water resources in the world. In agricultural production, a proper soil moisture environment is needed for maintaining the normal growth of crops, but the most sensitive soil moisture of the crops is not the absolute content of the soil moisture, and in irrigation practice, an index capable of directly reflecting the soil drought degree is needed to directly guide production irrigation, namely, the soil moisture condition is needed to be reflected through the soil water potential with an energy state. The soil water potential represents the soil moisture from the energy perspective, and the dry and wet conditions of the soil and the real and effective moisture utilization degree of crops can be revealed by combining the soil type, structure, performance and the like, so that the soil moisture condition can be well reflected. The soil water matric potential determination is the basic work for soil moisture analysis, and at the present stage, the soil water matric potential gradually becomes an index for guiding farmland irrigation and plays an important role in water-saving irrigation. Currently, among the many methods for measuring the soil matric potential, a soil negative pressure meter has become a conventional instrument for measuring the soil water matric potential. The negative pressure gauge is an instrument for measuring the capacity of soil to supply water to crops, and the soil with different textures has different capacity of maintaining the water of the soil. Although the water content is the same, the water amount absorbed by the supplied crops is different, and the negative pressure meter can well detect the water supply capacity of the soil with different textures. The negative pressure meter has the advantages of simple structure, high sensitivity, convenient use and the like, can be used for continuously measuring the operation of soil moisture at fixed points and in a positioning way, reflects the change of the soil moisture in time and provides necessary scientific basis for irrigation, drainage and crop growth. The currently used negative pressure meters have various forms, and mainly differ from detection instruments, namely a water pressure meter type, a mercury meter type and a pressure sensor type. However, these negative pressure meters have the problem that the soil water potential of one soil layer depth can only be measured in a fixed-point and fixed-position mode, and remote monitoring cannot be achieved. Although it is theoretically possible to measure only one soil depth at one measuring point, the need for continuous monitoring of soil water potential at multiple soil layers at different depths is not considered in the practical application process. When the soil water potential of multiple soil depths is measured by using the single-measuring-point soil negative pressure meter, the installation and configuration are troublesome, the waste of manpower and material resources is caused, the soil structure is damaged, the continuous measurement result is influenced, inevitable human errors exist, and continuous and multiple high-precision repeated measurement cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multilayer soil water potential monitoring meter, which solves the problems that the conventional soil negative pressure meter can only monitor the depth of one soil layer and cannot carry out remote monitoring.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a multi-soil-layer soil water potential measuring system comprises a plurality of soil negative pressure meters with different depths and a signal wireless transmission module, wherein each soil negative pressure meter comprises a clay head, an organic glass tube and a rubber plug; the signal wireless transmission module comprises a wireless monitoring box, a signal wire and a micro-pressure sensor, wherein the micro-pressure sensor is arranged in each independent soil negative pressure meter, and the micro-pressure sensors are communicated to the public wireless monitoring box through the signal wire.
Preferably: the soil negative pressure system also comprises a fastening ring, and the fastening ring fixes the soil negative pressure meters at different depths together.
Preferably: the number of the fastening rings is more than two.
Preferably: different organic glass pipes are directly fastened by the fastening ring, and the measuring result is guaranteed to have higher accuracy.
Preferably: the wireless monitoring box comprises an information acquisition module and an information transmitting module, and the micro-pressure sensor is connected with the information acquisition module through a signal line.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention realizes the purpose of simultaneously measuring the soil water potential of a plurality of soil layer depths by the combined mode of the soil negative pressure meter. The soil negative pressure meter argil pipes with a plurality of soil layer depths are combined near the same measuring point by using the fastening ring, so that the soil water potential value of the measuring point can be ensured to have higher accuracy and precision. The soil negative pressure measuring pipes for monitoring the soil water potential of a plurality of soil layer depths are different in length, so that the soil water potential of different soil layers can be continuously observed at fixed points, the influence of the soil spatial variability is small, and the soil negative pressure measuring pipes are simple in process, low in manufacturing cost and simple and convenient to operate. The soil negative pressure meter for monitoring the soil water potential of a plurality of soil layer depths is added with a signal wireless transmission module, has a remote monitoring function, can reflect the multilayer soil water status of a fixed point at a certain moment in time, is convenient for realizing farmland irrigation automatic control, is suitable for irrigation and water stress monitoring, provides a basic premise for development for realizing accurate agricultural water-saving irrigation, and provides necessary scientific basis for irrigation, drainage and crop growth.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-soil-layer soil water potential measuring system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 1 along line A-A;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of the wireless monitoring box of the present invention.
In the figure, 1 is a rubber plug, 2 is an organic glass tube, 3 is a fastening ring, 4 is a clay head, 5 is a wireless monitoring box, 6 is a signal wire, and 7 is a micro-pressure sensor.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-3, a multi-soil-layer soil water potential measuring system comprises a plurality of soil negative pressure meters with different depths and a signal wireless transmission module, wherein each soil negative pressure meter comprises a pottery clay head 4, an organic glass tube 2 and a rubber plug 1; the wireless signal transmission module comprises a wireless monitoring box 5, a signal wire 6 and a micro-pressure sensor 7, wherein the micro-pressure sensor 7 is arranged in each single soil negative pressure meter, and the micro-pressure sensor 7 is communicated to the public wireless monitoring box 5 through the signal wire 6.
The micro-pressure sensor is a piezoelectric sensor, converts physical deformation of pressure into a current signal, realizes high precision conversion of soil water potential, is a linear change interval, and has overall performance obviously superior to that of a conventional capacitance sensor and a conventional resistance sensor.
The wireless monitoring box comprises an information acquisition module and an information transmitting module, wherein the micro-pressure sensor is connected with the information acquisition module through a signal line, and the information acquisition module is connected with the information transmitting module. The information transmitting module adopts a GPRS wireless transmission module. And the GPRS wireless transmission module transmits the information to a remote receiving end. The remote receiving end is a computer, a mobile phone, a singlechip and the like.
The soil negative pressure system also comprises a fastening ring 3, and the fastening ring 3 fixes the soil negative pressure meters at different depths together.
More than two fastening rings 3 are provided. In the embodiment, four soil negative pressure meters with a plurality of different depths are arranged, and the lengths of the measuring tubes are respectively 10cm, 20cm, 30cm and 40 cm. Four fastening rings 3 are provided, and organic glass tubes 2 of the soil negative pressure meter are fastened at the positions of 0cm above the ground, 10cm below the ground, 20cm below the ground and 30cm below the ground.
Different organic glass tubes 2 are directly fastened by a fastening ring 3.
The use method of the soil water potential measuring system capable of monitoring multiple soil layer depths simultaneously comprises the following steps:
firstly, assembling equipment, as shown in figure 1, pouring normal temperature distilled water into the cavity of the organic glass tube 2, filling the cavity with the normal temperature distilled water, and performing degassing operation and zero correction. Where it is desired to measure the soil matric potential, a drill is used to drill (slot) at that point to the depth to be measured (as measured by the centre of the potting head 4), then a small amount of grout is poured in, the apparatus is buried vertically in the soil so that the potting head of the combined soil negative pressure gauge is in close contact with the soil and the surrounding fill is tamped (without stepping). After the instrument is installed, waiting for 24 hours, and communicating free water in the argil pipes at measuring points with corresponding depths with soil water through pores of argil heads until water potentials of the two systems are balanced, so that data acquisition can be carried out. The time period selected as much as possible during data acquisition is early morning with small temperature change, so that errors caused by different temperatures of a measuring point and an instrument are avoided. The signal of the pressure change in the organic glass tube 2 caused by the change of the soil moisture degree is transmitted to the wireless monitor in real time through the micro-pressure sensor 7 in the organic glass tube 2 and the signal wire 6.
The soil water potential measuring system for multiple soil layers can simultaneously measure the soil water potentials of different soil layer depths at the same point to be measured, and the combined soil negative pressure meter is additionally provided with a signal wireless transmission module, so that the soil water potential measuring system has a remote monitoring function and transmits the measured soil water potentials to the mobile terminal. The multi-soil-layer soil water potential measuring system meets the requirements of practical application by utilizing a structure optimization technology, has the characteristics of remote monitoring, simple process and simplicity and convenience in operation, and effectively solves the problem that the conventional soil negative pressure meter can only monitor the depth of one soil layer and cannot carry out remote monitoring.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a many soil layers soil water potential measurement system which characterized in that:
the device comprises a plurality of soil negative pressure meters with different depths and a signal wireless transmission module, wherein each soil negative pressure meter comprises a clay head, an organic glass tube and a rubber plug; the signal wireless transmission module comprises a wireless monitoring box, a signal wire and a micro-pressure sensor, wherein the micro-pressure sensor is arranged in each independent soil negative pressure meter, and the micro-pressure sensors are communicated to the public wireless monitoring box through the signal wire.
2. The multi-soil-layer soil water potential measuring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the soil negative pressure system also comprises a fastening ring, and the fastening ring fixes the soil negative pressure meters at different depths together.
3. The multi-soil-layer soil water potential measuring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the number of the fastening rings is more than two.
4. The multi-soil-layer soil water potential measuring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the different organic glass tubes are directly fastened by the fastening ring.
5. The multi-soil-layer soil water potential measuring system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the wireless monitoring box comprises an information acquisition module and an information transmitting module, and the micro-pressure sensor is connected with the information acquisition module through a signal line.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010561175 | 2020-06-18 | ||
| CN2020105611755 | 2020-06-18 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111751278A true CN111751278A (en) | 2020-10-09 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202010583043.2A Pending CN111751278A (en) | 2020-06-18 | 2020-06-23 | Multi-soil-layer soil water potential measuring system |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040257574A1 (en) * | 2003-06-23 | 2004-12-23 | Hortau Inc. | Soil water potential detector |
| CN104111273A (en) * | 2013-04-16 | 2014-10-22 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | Farmland multipath tension meter soil water potential dynamic collector |
| CN105548520A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-05-04 | 重庆多邦科技股份有限公司 | Soil moisture detecting apparatus |
| CN207007838U (en) * | 2017-08-14 | 2018-02-13 | 河南地灌节水工程技术有限公司 | A kind of soil water potential digital sensor and soil water potential measurement system |
| CN207816967U (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2018-09-04 | 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 | A kind of intelligence soil water potential analyzer |
-
2020
- 2020-06-23 CN CN202010583043.2A patent/CN111751278A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040257574A1 (en) * | 2003-06-23 | 2004-12-23 | Hortau Inc. | Soil water potential detector |
| CN104111273A (en) * | 2013-04-16 | 2014-10-22 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | Farmland multipath tension meter soil water potential dynamic collector |
| CN105548520A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-05-04 | 重庆多邦科技股份有限公司 | Soil moisture detecting apparatus |
| CN207007838U (en) * | 2017-08-14 | 2018-02-13 | 河南地灌节水工程技术有限公司 | A kind of soil water potential digital sensor and soil water potential measurement system |
| CN207816967U (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2018-09-04 | 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 | A kind of intelligence soil water potential analyzer |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 赵永明;吕新;王军;: "棉花膜下滴灌土壤水势的动态监测", 新疆农业科学, no. 03, pages 526 - 530 * |
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