CN104111260B - Ceramic Tiles non-destructive detecting device and detection method - Google Patents

Ceramic Tiles non-destructive detecting device and detection method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104111260B
CN104111260B CN201410326624.2A CN201410326624A CN104111260B CN 104111260 B CN104111260 B CN 104111260B CN 201410326624 A CN201410326624 A CN 201410326624A CN 104111260 B CN104111260 B CN 104111260B
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ceramic tiles
ceramic
frame
hood
detection
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CN104111260A (en
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刘洪江
刘和惠
沙亚红
王文洪
李振伟
黄敦新
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Shenyang Institute of Automation of CAS
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Shenyang Institute of Automation of CAS
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of Ceramic Tiles non-destructive detecting device and detection method, testing equipment includes frame and hood, hood is in the way of portal frame across in the middle of frame, the two ends of frame are separately installed with drivewheel and driven pulley, the framework of frame side is provided with motor, is connected by Timing Belt between the drivewheel and motor;The horizontal side of hood is provided with fan, longitudinal side of hood is equipped with control chamber, control chamber the latter half is cabinet type, detection main frame is provided with cabinet, first crossbeam in hood is provided with linear CCD camera, linear light sorurce is provided with below linear CCD camera, the second cross beam of hood is above-mentioned to be provided with multiple laser displacement sensors.Present configuration is simple, easy to maintenance, is effectively prevented manual detection error;While detection process simple and fast of the present invention, accurately, detection efficiency is high for testing result.

Description

Ceramic Tiles non-destructive detecting device and detection method
Technical field
The present invention relates to Production of Ceramics testing equipment manufactures field, more particularly to one kind quickly, accurately can detect tested The Ceramic Tiles non-destructive detecting device of Ceramic Tiles technical parameter and detection method.
Background technology
Prepare on production line in existing Ceramic Tiles, in the characterization processes of Ceramic Tiles, great majority are by detected Ceramic Tiles It is sent in detection case, ceramic brick surface is detected by detection means, by data acquisition, compare, finally draws detection As a result.In this process, need professional to be monitored which, therefore there are more Subjective Factors, the equipment Detection efficiency and stability do not adapt to large-scale ceramic tile production producing line now.
Chinese invention patent (Authorization Notice No. be CN101169452 B) disclose a kind of ceramic tile quality detection method and Equipment, conveyer device that it includes being arranged in frame, data acquisition unit, data transmission device, data processing equipment, pause Device.Wherein, breaking device is by front floater guide block detent mechanism, rear floater guide block detent mechanism, centering body, dome brick mechanism, upper limit machine Structure, photoswitch support composition;The detector of data acquisition unit is arranged in detector frame, and the both sides of detector set respectively Put power supply cylinder.Its detection process is:Tested Ceramic Tiles are transported in the test position of testing equipment, and breaking device is according to setting Position which is positioned, then tested Ceramic Tiles are carried out with data acquisition, after collection is finished, breaking device, conveyer device It is transported to later process, the data for collecting are transported to data processing equipment and are processed and shown by data transmission device Show.The equipment weak point:1st, device structure is complicated, easily breaks down, and it is also more difficult to safeguard;2nd, detection process is complicated, effect Rate is than relatively low;3rd, detection method is not advanced enough, so that the result of detection is not accurate enough;4th, detection process production line has and stops Pause, be also easy to produce mechanical damage;5th, a station is only completed part surface quality detection project, functional defect.
Chinese invention patent (Authorization Notice No. is CN101975557 B) discloses a kind of detection equipment of ceramic plate and detection Method;It includes conveying mechanism and support, and wherein conveying mechanism is located in frame, positioned at four sides of conveying mechanism overhead support point Linear laser emitter and adjustable angle are not provided with, the linear laser line that linear laser emitter is slanted from top to bottom is in conveyer Rectangle linear laser frame is formed on the conveyor surface of structure;Cantilever tip installing plate is provided with four ultrahigh resolution industrial cameras and just right Tested ceramic wafer corner, ultrahigh resolution industrial camera signal output part are connected with Computer signal input.Its detection process It is:Optical detection positioned at streamline side is popped one's head in, and after detecting measured object, instructs conveying mechanism to stop by controller defeated Send, the linear laser line irradiation ceramic plate edge launched by the four linear laser emitters write positioned at ceramic wafer, four Individual ultrahigh resolution industrial camera is taken pictures and is input in computer and the standard picture of built-in computer is compared, and calculates Ceramic plate angularity, draws whether there is edge Que Gu corners phenomenon, and respectively will be qualified by the marking pen on two groups of cylinders Mark with underproof product.The equipment weak point:1st, device structure is complicated, easily breaks down, and safeguards also relatively difficult; 2nd, the product needed for having detected manually is classified;3rd, equipment needs pause to be detected, detection efficiency is than relatively low;4th, detect model Enclose and compare limitation, be only capable of detecting the edge of ceramic wafer;5th, by the way of Dual-conveying tall band, easily cause asynchronous, so as to cause Relative displacement, causes detection error;6th, straightness of sides detection, color number detection can not be completed.
The content of the invention
Present invention is primarily targeted at overcoming the shortcoming and deficiency of prior art, there is provided a kind of Ceramic Tiles Non-Destructive Testing sets It is standby.
Another object of the present invention is to, there is provided a kind of detection method based on Ceramic Tiles non-destructive detecting device.
In order to reach above-mentioned first purpose, the present invention is employed the following technical solutions:
A kind of Ceramic Tiles non-destructive detecting device, including frame and hood, hood is in the way of portal frame across in frame Between, the two ends of frame are separately installed with drivewheel and driven pulley, and the framework of frame side is provided with motor, the drivewheel and electricity Connected by Timing Belt between machine;The horizontal side of hood is provided with fan, and longitudinal side of hood is equipped with control chamber, control chamber The latter half is cabinet type, and detection main frame is provided with cabinet, and the first crossbeam in hood is provided with linear CCD camera, linear CCD camera Lower section be provided with linear light sorurce, the second cross beam of hood is provided with multiple laser displacement sensors.
Preferably, also including conveyer belt, the conveyer belt is located above frame through drivewheel, driven pulley.
Preferably, positioning baffle is provided with the both sides of conveyer belt, positioning baffle is located at central rack.
Preferably, the frame is cuboid framework, and cuboid framework bottom is provided with installation foot;Guidance panel is provided with urgency Stop button, handss-automatic rotary switch, SR and alarm lamp.
Preferably, also including encoder, the encoder is arranged on the side of frame, is connect with conveyer belt by driven pulley Touch, before encoder, be provided with the protective baffle plate to protect encoder wheel not clashed into by ceramic tile.
In order to reach above-mentioned second purpose, the present invention is employed the following technical solutions:
A kind of detection method of Ceramic Tiles non-destructive detecting device, comprises the steps:
Detection main frame inside be equipped with image procossing computing unit, image pick-up card and modulus capture card, image pick-up card with Linear CCD camera is connected, and modulus capture card is connected with laser displacement sensor;
When need be detected Ceramic Tiles be placed on conveyer belt, with conveyer belt move, thereon encoder by specify away from Sow discord every pulse signal is sent to image pick-up card, image pick-up card drives linear CCD camera work, when ceramic tile is through laser position During displacement sensor, laser displacement sensor captures Ceramic Tiles elevation information, start recording displacement information, and opens image and adopt Truck receives collected by camera image, when collected by camera breadth is met and exceeded after ceramic tile size, stops receiving collection image, stops Displacement transducer information is recorded only;
Encoder wheel is located at the side of frame, tightly fastens intermediate belt with lower section base plate, it is ensured that conveyer belt and roller Between without relative displacement;Encoder sends pulse signal to image pick-up card according to belt movement distance, and image pick-up card is by foundation Pulse signal drives line-scan digital camera that the picture frame of Ceramic Tiles is acquired according to certain frequency;
Detection main frame the picture frame for collecting is carried out into classified counting, you can obtain Ceramic Tiles size coherent detection data and Ceramic tile color related information, four edge lengths of Ceramic Tiles size coherent detection data, catercorner length, straightness of sides, angle are directly spent, And with colouring information be according to by count classification means, realize that little aberration ceramic tile is classified automatically;
It is analog signalses that laser displacement sensor collects the signal of Ceramic Tiles, detects that main frame will be read from modulus capture card The data for taking are output as being detected the flatness of Ceramic Tiles by conversion;
By the numerical generation for calculating exclusive sequence of barcodes number, the sequence of barcodes number can be conveyed to stamp to detection main frame Machine, coder by this sequence of barcodes number spray detected ceramic brick surface so as to follow-up code reader, sorter carry out reading code, Sorting.
Preferably, ceramic tile complete image is gathered using machine vision method, when ceramic tile is excessive, by multiple linear CCDs Collected by camera tile portion area image, then by the various pieces image mosaic for collecting.
Preferably, the calculation procedure of flatness is specially:
N number of laser displacement sensor detects N column data, equably takes NxN sampled point;
The position of laser displacement sensor is fixed, and the size dimension of ceramic tile is also fixed, therefore sample point coordinate In (X, Y, Z), X, by according to displacement transducer position and sampled point, position determines in the sequence, Z is laser displacement sensor to Y value The value for measuring, i.e. height value, by Coordinate Conversion be using ceramic tile central point as the rectangular coordinate system of zero in, output should The flexibility of Ceramic Tiles, the flexibility are flatness value d;
D=f (x, y, z) d>When 0, Ceramic Tiles are raised;
d<When 0, Ceramic Tiles are recessed;
On every straight line, most two, edge end points forms straight line, calculates other points closed on the straight line to the straight line Distance.
Preferably, before carrying out Ceramic Tiles and being detected, also comprise the steps:
After testing equipment open detection, first by Ceramic Tiles small-lot testing on production line, color basis of classification data are obtained, Optional algorithms of different is classified automatically, and after classifying quality is basically identical with artificial judgment, on the basis of selection algorithm, it is right to realize The color number of ceramic tile detects classification feature by the gross.
By sensors in place triggering CCD camera collection ceramic tile surface image, during multiple collected by camera, mutual collection overlay region Domain, it is ensured that collection image is complete, obtains each camera lap position with prior calibration algorithm, directly presses model by several figures during detection As being spliced into complete tile image, with summit fitted straight lines of edges is close to, fitting a straight line intersection point is defined as into ceramic tile apex coordinate, Calculate each apex coordinate distance and obtain the detected values such as the length of side, diagonal line length, squareness.It is connected to summit that tiles edges point is calculated again Air line distance obtains straightness of sides measured value.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the advantage that and beneficial effect:
1st, present configuration is simple, easy to maintenance, is effectively prevented manual detection error.
2nd, detection process simple and fast of the present invention, accurately, detection efficiency is high for testing result.
3rd, the present invention has highly integrated property, can not only detect that the size of Ceramic Tiles (includes that straightness of sides, angle are directly spent, put down Whole degree), the color of Ceramic Tiles can also be detected, qualified Ceramic Tiles are classified according to aberration.
4th, present invention compatibility is strong, quickly compatibility on existing automatic production line, can save artificial, improve production Rate.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of Ceramic Tiles non-destructive detecting device of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the front view of Ceramic Tiles non-destructive detecting device of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the side view of Ceramic Tiles non-destructive detecting device of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited In this.
Embodiment
The present embodiment provides Ceramic Tiles non-destructive detecting device, and the Ceramic Tiles non-destructive detecting device is mainly by control system, inspection Examining system, motor system composition, wherein control system is made up of main frame, operation interface, control chamber, and detecting system includes linearly CCD camera, laser displacement sensor, linear light sorurce composition, motor system is then by motor, conveyer belt, Timing Belt, encoder group Into.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 shows, the Ceramic Tiles non-destructive detecting device of the present embodiment, including frame 1, conveyer belt 2, hood 3rd, operation interface 4, drivewheel 5, Timing Belt 6, motor 7, detection main frame 8, control chamber 9, positioning baffle 10, encoder 11, driven Wheel 12, fan 13, linear CCD camera 14, laser displacement sensor 15 and linear light sorurce 16.
The frame 1 is cuboid framework, and cuboid framework bottom is provided with installation foot, is easy to be fixedly installed in ground by equipment Face.
The drivewheel 5, driven pulley 12 are separately mounted to the two ends of frame 1, pass through between the drivewheel 5 and motor 7 Timing Belt 6 connects;The motor 7 is fixedly mounted on 1 side framework of frame.
The conveyer belt 2 is located above frame through drivewheel 5, driven pulley 12.
Across in the middle of frame 1 in the way of portal frame, the horizontal side of hood 3 is provided with fan 13 to the hood 3, separately Outer side freely can be opened, so that regular maintenance is used.Longitudinal side of hood 3 is equipped with control chamber 9,9 the latter half of control chamber For cabinet type, side is equipped with fan 13, cabinet as detection main frame 8, and 9 top half of control chamber is in certain angle of inclination, is provided with Operation interface 4, can be provided with scram button, handss-automatic rotary switch, SR and report near operation interface as requested Alert display lamp.
The positioning baffle 10 is arranged on the both sides of conveyer belt, and is located at central rack.
The encoder 11 is located at the side of frame 1, is contacted with conveyer belt 2 by roller.
The linear CCD camera 14 is located on first crossbeam in hood 3, and the linear light source 16 is located at linear CCD The lower section of camera 14, position is adjustable.
The laser displacement sensor 15 is located on second crossbeam in hood 3, for gathering ceramic brick surface height, Its collection numerical value is analog quantity.
The present embodiment Ceramic Tiles non-destructive detecting device can be embedded on existing Ceramic Tiles automatic production line, its motion side Formula and step are as follows:
After testing equipment open detection, displacement transducer is persistently detected, the ceramics that first will will be come out of the stove on production line Brick sample brick carries out sample training, i.e., first sample brick is detected, its color is stored to detect inside main frame as Ceramic Tiles The reference color of color detection;
Image pick-up card and modulus capture card are housed inside detection main frame, image pick-up card is connected with linear CCD camera, Modulus capture card is connected with laser displacement sensor;
Encoder wheel is located at the side of frame, tightly fastens intermediate belt with lower section base plate, it is ensured that conveyer belt and roller Between without relative displacement;Encoder sends pulse signal to image pick-up card according to belt movement distance, and image pick-up card is by foundation Pulse signal drives line-scan digital camera that the picture frame of Ceramic Tiles is acquired according to certain frequency;
When the Ceramic Tiles for needing to be detected are transported on conveyer belt by manually or mechanically handss, as conveyer belt is moved, its Upper encoder is pressed distance to a declared goal interval and sends pulse signal to image pick-up card, and image pick-up card drives linear array CCD camera work, When ceramic tile is through displacement transducer, sensor captures Ceramic Tiles elevation information, start recording displacement information, and unlatching and adopts Truck receives collected by camera image, when collected by camera breadth is enough, stops receiving collection image, stop recording displacement transducer Information;
Detection main frame will collect image and multiple sensors detect in gatherer process data converted by program it is defeated Go out the detection parameter of detected Ceramic Tiles, such as size, straightness of sides, angle directly spend, flatness, aberration etc., detection main frame will be calculated Aberration according to aberration scope with reference to color contrast and carry out closing on color classification, the comprehensive each detection parameter of detection main frame, calculate Parameter generates exclusive sequence of barcodes number, and the sequence of barcodes number can be conveyed to coder, and this sequence of barcodes number is sprayed by coder In detected ceramic brick surface so that follow-up code reader, sorter etc. carry out reading code, sorting.
The computational methods of above-mentioned flatness are by taking 5 laser displacement sensors as an example:
5 laser displacement sensors detect 5 column data, equably take 25 data points (5 × 5, be uniformly distributed);
The position of laser displacement sensor is fixed, and the size dimension of ceramic tile is also fixed, therefore sample point coordinate In (X, Y, Z), X, by according to displacement transducer position and sampled point, position determines in the sequence, Z is laser displacement sensor to Y value The value for measuring, be height, by Coordinate Conversion be using ceramic tile central point as the rectangular coordinate system of zero in, export the pottery The flexibility of ceramic tile, the flexibility are flatness value d;
D=f (x, y, z) d>When 0, Ceramic Tiles are raised;
d<When 0, Ceramic Tiles are recessed;
On every straight line, most two, edge end points forms straight line, calculates other points closed on the straight line to the straight line Distance.
Above-described embodiment is the present invention preferably embodiment, but embodiments of the present invention not by above-described embodiment Limit, other any spirit without departing from the present invention and the change, modification, replacement made under principle, combine, simplification, Equivalent substitute mode is should be, is included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of Ceramic Tiles lossless detection method, it is characterised in that the detection method is based on following testing equipments, including frame and Hood, across in the middle of frame in the way of portal frame, the two ends of frame are separately installed with drivewheel and driven pulley, frame to hood The framework of side is provided with motor, is connected by Timing Belt between the drivewheel and motor;The horizontal side of hood is provided with Fan, longitudinal side of hood are equipped with control chamber, and control chamber the latter half is cabinet type, is provided with detection main frame, in hood in cabinet First crossbeam is provided with linear CCD camera, and linear light sorurce is provided with below linear CCD camera, and the second cross beam of hood is provided with Multiple laser displacement sensors;The laser displacement sensor is used to gather ceramic brick surface height;
Detection method comprises the steps:
Detection main frame inside be equipped with image procossing computing unit, image pick-up card and modulus capture card, image pick-up card with it is linear CCD camera is connected, and modulus capture card is connected with laser displacement sensor;
When the Ceramic Tiles for needing to be detected are placed on conveyer belt, as conveyer belt is moved, encoder is pressed between distance to a declared goal thereon Every pulse signal is sent to image pick-up card, image pick-up card drives linear CCD camera work, when ceramic tile is passed through laser displacement During sensor, laser displacement sensor captures Ceramic Tiles elevation information, start recording displacement information, and opens image pick-up card Collected by camera image is received, after collected by camera breadth meets and exceeds ceramic tile size, stops receiving collection image, stop recording Displacement transducer information;
Encoder wheel is located at the side of frame, tightly fastens intermediate belt with lower section base plate, it is ensured that nothing between conveyer belt and roller Relative displacement;Encoder sends pulse signal to image pick-up card according to belt movement distance, and image pick-up card will be according to pulse Signal drives line-scan digital camera that the picture frame of Ceramic Tiles is acquired according to certain frequency;
The picture frame for collecting is carried out classified counting by detection main frame, you can obtain Ceramic Tiles size coherent detection data and ceramic tile Color related information, the Ceramic Tiles size coherent detection data include that four edge lengths, catercorner length, straightness of sides, angle are directly spent, And with colouring information be according to by count classification means, realize that little aberration ceramic tile is classified automatically;
It is analog signalses that laser displacement sensor collects the signal of Ceramic Tiles, detects that main frame will read from modulus capture card Data are output as being detected the flatness of Ceramic Tiles by conversion;
By the numerical generation for calculating exclusive sequence of barcodes number, the sequence of barcodes number can be conveyed to coder to detection main frame, beat Ink recorder sprays in detected ceramic brick surface this sequence of barcodes number so that follow-up code reader, sorter carry out reading code, sorting.
2. Ceramic Tiles lossless detection method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that porcelain is gathered using machine vision method Brick complete image, when ceramic tile is excessive, by multiple linear CCD collected by camera tile portion area images, then will collect Various pieces image mosaic get up.
3. Ceramic Tiles lossless detection method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the calculation procedure of flatness is concrete For:
N number of laser displacement sensor detects N column data, equably takes N × N number of sampled point;
The position of laser displacement sensor be it is fixed, the size dimension of ceramic tile be also it is fixed, therefore sample point coordinate (X, Y, Z in), by being determined according to displacement transducer position, by sampled point, position determines Y value X values in the sequence, and Z is laser displacement sensing The value that device is measured, i.e. height value, fitting N × N sample point coordinates to plane, calculate the farthest sampled point of the positive negative direction of the plane away from From, it is the flexibility of Ceramic Tiles, the flexibility is flatness value d;
D=f (x, y, z) d>When 0, Ceramic Tiles are raised;
d<When 0, Ceramic Tiles are recessed.
4. Ceramic Tiles lossless detection method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that detected when Ceramic Tiles are carried out Before, also comprise the steps:
After testing equipment open detection, first by Ceramic Tiles small-lot testing on production line, color basis of classification data are obtained, it is optional Select algorithms of different to classify automatically, after classifying quality is basically identical with artificial judgment, on the basis of selection algorithm, realize to by the gross The color number detection classification feature of ceramic tile.
5. Ceramic Tiles lossless detection method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that detected when Ceramic Tiles are carried out Before, also comprise the steps:
After testing equipment open detection, by sensors in place triggering CCD camera collection ceramic tile surface image;Multiple collected by camera When, mutual collection overlapping region, it is ensured that collection image is complete;Each camera lap position is obtained with prior calibration algorithm, during detection Multiple image is spliced into into complete tile image by model directly;With summit fitted straight lines of edges is close to, by fitting a straight line intersection point It is defined as ceramic tile apex coordinate, calculates each apex coordinate distance and obtain the detected values such as the length of side, diagonal line length, squareness;Calculate again Tiles edges point obtains straightness of sides measured value to the connected air line distance in summit.
6. Ceramic Tiles lossless detection method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that be provided with positioning in the both sides of conveyer belt Baffle plate, positioning baffle are located at central rack.
7. Ceramic Tiles lossless detection method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that set on the guidance panel of testing equipment There is scram button, handss-automatic rotary switch, SR and alarm lamp.
8. Ceramic Tiles lossless detection method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the encoder in the testing equipment The side of frame is arranged on, is contacted with conveyer belt by driven pulley, be provided with to protect encoder wheel not receive ceramic tile before encoder The protective baffle plate of shock.
CN201410326624.2A 2014-07-09 2014-07-09 Ceramic Tiles non-destructive detecting device and detection method Expired - Fee Related CN104111260B (en)

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