CN1041081A - The device that is used for seed treatment - Google Patents
The device that is used for seed treatment Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1041081A CN1041081A CN89106934A CN89106934A CN1041081A CN 1041081 A CN1041081 A CN 1041081A CN 89106934 A CN89106934 A CN 89106934A CN 89106934 A CN89106934 A CN 89106934A CN 1041081 A CN1041081 A CN 1041081A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- blade
- turbine
- blade row
- seed
- row
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
- Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
- Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to be used for the device of seed treatment, it comprises the pivoting leaf turbine of common cylindrical circular basic horizontal, in its bottom is pending seed, it comprises also being used to distribute and feeds intake or the device or the drying installation of inorganic agent, be used to make the device of turbine rotation and be contained in that turbine inside is used for during handling seed bed mixed and the director element of guiding that this device is characterised in that these director elements are made of the vertical vane row that at least one pair of is in relative direction.Pending seed repeatedly is presented on before the distribution process agent device in substantially the same mode, and, in the entire process process, all be in this situation.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of device that is used for seed treatment.
" seed " speech is meant and anyly can causes plant tissue plant regeneration, that obtained by sexual propagation or vegetative propagation, sexual propagation such as grain; Vegetative propagation is certain plant species or outer plant corpus for example.
Processing is meant any contribution or the effect of liquid or solid product to the surface of the seed.
If this effect is reflected in the variation of sub-states, for example allow the mechanical planting of seed, it relates to paint-on technique.The latter generally includes: at first adhesive is deposited on the seed, perhaps after the part drying, carries out the deposition of liquid material of inorganic agent, agrochemical, toner or other adjuvants or powder, thereby promote or improve the seed sprouting condition then.
If this processing does not relate to the variation of sub-states, for example in order to grant asylum or painted or outward appearance, this will be referred to the coating of film.This technology comprises that liquid state (normally moisture) constituent of the form of film thing that will comprise inorganic agent by spraying deposits on the seed, and simultaneously with the sediments drying that is obtained.
These paint-on techniques and the utilization of thin film coated technology be rotation horizontal circle tubular turbine, this is external except turbine, it also comprises the device or the drying installation of the device, material distribution and the inorganic agent that make its rotation.Even for what guarantee to handle, generally load onto mixing (stirring) parts in turbine inside.Yet; although coating quality is greatly improved; from industrial; when the erose kind of period of the day from 11 p.m. to 1 a.m for example handling variable grain degree or density; if or the thin film coated of requirement high-quality deposition is carried out in hope; that is require when the enterprising line height in the whole surface of seed is protected uniformly and/or be painted, what the latter was normally not enough.
Thereby people wish to have a kind of technology and device, the feasible possibility that is treated as of protecting and improve these seed appearances of this technology and device, thus increase sowing efficient.
The applicant finds, adopts the equipment that is equipped with mixing and guider of the above-mentioned type.Can satisfy above-mentioned requirements, above-mentioned mixing and guider make each seed can repeatedly have essentially identical mode to be presented in before the device of distribution process agent, and, all this situation in the entire process process.
Therefore, the present invention relates to a kind of device that is used for seed treatment, it comprises the normal cylindrical circular turbine of the basic horizontal of a rotation, in its bottom is pending seed bed, it also comprises being used to distribute and feeds intake or the device of inorganic agent and also have drying installation, make the device of turbine rotation, and be fixed on the guide of seed mixture bed during handling that container is turbine inside, this device is characterised in that; Described guide is made of the vertical vane row that at least one pair of is in relative direction, makes:
A) each blade row is arranged in a lateral part of turbine chamber, and this lateral part is parallel with the transverse wall of turbine basically, the mobile centre gangway of seed that the common formation of two blade rows is vertical substantially,
B) described blade tilts with respect to the rotating shaft of turbine,
C) two adjacent blades that belong to two blade rows have respectively been determined basically towards the angle of turbine top-direction opening.
D) make a blade row with respect to the angled biasing of another blade row by axle rotation with respect to turbine,
E) be used to mix and the useful part of the blade that guides is apart from cylindrical wall part far away.
The central passage that flows for seed is an essential characteristic of apparatus of the present invention, and this passage is vertical basically.Its width must be enough, thereby do not apply shovel and dig effect to seed, in other words, fall down the shower out of control in order not make seed be entrained to the top of cylinder and to cause that they resemble, but its width can not be too big, otherwise the mixing of seed or guiding evenly are inadequate for what guarantee described seed coating.5 to 45% of the preferably described blade row width of this width, particularly 10 to 40%.
In the present invention, blade one speech is meant the rigid structure with a surface, this surface make to promote and especially follow a large amount of seeds from the turbine chamber a bit become possibility to another point, effectively seed is overturn in other words.This surface can be the plane, also can twist, and is in order to improve seed upset to the top from the bottom like this, perhaps has to seed be moved up or seed is dropped into the turbine avoiding from the top to the upset of bottom.
In the narration afterwards, the inclination of blade (angle) expression latter median plane promptly with inclination (angle) at the surperficial tangent face of this surface symmetrical centre.
Blade defined above has determined the flowing velocity of seed in the central flows passage with respect to the inclination (angle) of turbine rotating shaft.
Now observe,, obtained result highly uniformly when central width of channel is the about three/for the moment of turbine width.Equally more preferably select 30 to 60 ° inclination angle, be preferably 40 to 50 ° inclination angle.
Moreover, blade in apparatus of the present invention is such: one belong to a blade row, another belongs in an opposite direction another blade row, two adjacent blades with different incline directions form one jointly towards the angle at turbine top, thereby make the seed that leaves the seed bed top be brought back to the central flows passage.This angle between 30 and 60 °, is preferably between 40 and 50 ° usually.
In addition, the blade in a blade row is not relative with those blades in another blade row, but forms angle offset by the axle rotation with respect to turbine.This is for guaranteeing flowability (at the obstruction that does not have seed between the lower blade-section) that seed flows to the bottom from the top and guaranteeing that simultaneously be important from the seed of upper blade with the mixing of seed on being positioned at relative lower blade.
At last, different with known several devices, the useful part of the blade that is used to mix must stop at a distance of a distance in the adjacent transverse wall with turbine.This segment distance is normally very little, but must be enough, so that laterally seed can and fall to get back in the shuttling movement at center to lower slider.
Therefore, the rectangular projection (remember the size of this condition and central flows passage) of blade on the impeller arbor is always less than half of turbine width, and preferably about 1/3rd of this width.
All above-mentioned parameters can be along with pending seed category, form and quantity and along with the used type of skill with along with the desired effect of seed is changed.Under each situation, under the injection of handling product, seed on average by identical number of times, can obtain the mixing of better quality.
Above-mentioned blade can be solid or hollow or perforation, and can be made by any material, as long as it has enough wearabilities, does not have viscosity the material that applies on seed, and is the just passable of inertia to inorganic agent.
Similarly, described turbine can be solid or hollow, if all the more so when particularly being used for the suction of dry seed or outside blowing device.
Top description relates to a pair of blade row, for production capacity and/or the productivity ratio that increases equipment, device of the present invention can comprise several blade rows to serial connection but obviously,, coaxial with first row's blade in other words, its size and inclination angle can be identical or different with first row's blade.
Preferred mode of root a tree name, based on such fact, promptly in every pair of blade row, in the blade row one row is with respect to another row's blade vertical off setting, what thereby vertical substantially centre gangway was given back provides a path in wave shape basically with son mobile, thereby mainly use under the situation of thin film coated seed in attempt, device of the present invention can improve.This characteristic has further increased the uniformity of seed treatment.In a particularly advantageous mode, the row in the every pair of blade row approximates half of blade pitgh in each blade row greatly with respect to the distance of another blade row vertical off setting.
Another improvement that the present invention is applied to the device of thin film coated is that the width of centre gangway is equivalent to blade row to 5 to 20% of overall width.
Root a tree name apparatus of the present invention, about another significant improvement of all these application, the projection distance values of every pair of blade row on the impeller arbor is zero or negative value; This numerical value equals half of each blade row width at most.Such arrangement provides such advantage.Promptly in projection, blade row is to mutual crossover, thus the bigger blade density (unit turbine volume) of acquisition, and this has just increased the quality of processing and the production capacity of device.
And then, still relate to the production capacity problem, on each transverse wall of turbine, the arrangement of blade row with half to beginning or with half to finishing, in other words, one arranges blade towards described transverse wall with therefore towards the turbine outside, thereby has produced a flow channel between this row's blade and described transverse wall.
By means of figure (1) to (4) and below to the description of apparatus of the present invention preferred embodiment (embodiment only confession illustrate usefulness), the present invention will be explained in more detail.
Fig. 1 is the axial cross-sectional view of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the radially cross-sectional view on plane of figure (1) shown device.
Fig. 3 is the sectional view that the present invention includes the device of five pairs of coaxial blade rows.
Fig. 4 is the sectional view that is particularly suitable for thin film coated, comprises the device that the vertical off setting blade is right of the present invention.
Figure (1) and (2) shows by the horizontal circle tubular turbine (1) of drive unit (not drawing) around its axle (2) rotation, wherein turbine is equipped with the device (3) that is used for the distribution process agent, for example is used to spray shower nozzle or the powder distributor that aqueous film forms agent suspension (dispersion).In turbine (1) inside, in each adjacent with transverse wall (4), (5) respectively chamber portion, on the cylindrical wall of turbine (1) respectively by securing member (61,62,63 and 71,72,73) be fixed with two row's blade (6) and (7) (6a, 6b, 6c and 7a, 7b, 7c).
These blades tilt 45 ° with respect to the impeller arbor, and are symmetrically distributed (referring to Fig. 2) with respect to the sagittal plane of turbine, in other words, become the hexagonal angle degree each other in this plane.At last, blade row (7) is with respect to 60 ° of blade row (6) biasings, and this two rows blade has produced a central flows passage (8), and its width is preferably 1/3rd of turbine width (1).When turbine was static, seed bed was by (9) expression, when it moves, with (10) expression seed bed.Can be clear that because the layout of blade, seed mixes in uniform especially mode.
Figure (3) show turbine of the present invention (11), it comprise five to (12,13,14,15,16) figure (1) and (2) shown in type blade rows (12a, 12b, 13a, 13b, 14a, 14b, 15a, 15b, 16a, 16b).
Figure (4) illustrates the turbine (17) with a trunnion axis (18), and it comprises three to (20,21,22) vertical vane row (20a, 20b, 21a, 21b, 22a, 22b), every pair width is 1, and is contained in two blade rows (19,23) on the two ends transverse wall (24,25) respectively.
Each to blade (20,21,22) in, the two blade rows distance of vertical off setting each other equal each to half of spacing, they have formed a vertical centre gangway jointly, its width C approximates greatly, 9% of width 1, it makes the mobile possibility that becomes of sinusoidal wave track.
Similar with the projection relation of the blade row (19 and 23) at two ends respectively with blade row (20 and 22), the projection of blade row (20,21,22) on turbine (17) axle (18) also has zero spacing e.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of device that is used for seed treatment, it comprises usually turbine cylindrical circular, rotation, basic horizontal, its bottom is pending seed bed, it comprises being used to distribute and feeds intake or the device and the presumable drying installation of inorganic agent, make the device of turbine rotation and be fixed on that turbine inside is used for mixing and the director element of guiding seed bed when handling, it is characterized in that, these director elements are made of the vertical vane row that at least one pair of is in relative direction, make:
A) each blade row is arranged in a lateral part of turbine chamber, and is parallel with the transverse wall of turbine basically, the mobile centre gangway of seed that the common formation of two blade rows is vertical substantially,
B) described blade tilts with respect to the rotating shaft of turbine,
C) two adjacent blades that belong to two blade rows have respectively been determined basically towards the angle of turbine top orientation opening,
D) make a blade row with respect to the angled biasing of another blade row by rotation with respect to the impeller arbor,
E) be used to mix and the useful part of the blade that guides is from cylindrical wall part far away.
2, the described device of root a tree name claim 1 is characterized in that, the inclination angle of blade is 30 to 60 °, is preferably 40 to 50 °.
3, the described device of root a tree name claim 2 is characterized in that, the inclination angle of blade is 45 °.
4, the root a tree name requires 1 or 3 described devices through profit, it is characterized in that, the width that is used for the mobile centre gangway of seed is substantially equal to 1/3rd of described blade row width.
5, root a tree name claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 described devices is characterized in that a blade row is 60 ° with respect to the angle of another blade row biasing.
6, the described device of arbitrary claim in the root a tree name claim 1 to 5 is characterized in that, in every pair of blade row, a blade row is with respect to another blade row vertical off setting, makes the flowing to be essentially the track of waveform of seed that vertical centre gangway is given back.
7, the described device of arbitrary claim in the root a tree name claim 1 to 6 is characterized in that, in pairs the row of one in the blade row equals half of blade pitgh in each blade row with respect to distance of another row's biasing.
8, the described device of arbitrary claim in the root a tree name claim 1 to 7 is characterized in that, the width of centre gangway equals described blade row to 5 to 20% of overall width.
9, the described device of arbitrary claim in the root a tree name claim 1 to 8 is characterized in that, this device comprises that at least two pairs of projection distance values on the impeller arbor are the blade row of zero or negative value, and this value equals half of each blade row width at most.
10, the described device of arbitrary claim in the root a tree name claim 1 to 9, it is characterized in that, each transverse wall facing to turbine, the layout of blade row starts from a blade row, its blade is towards the transverse wall of described turbine, and this blade row has formed a mobile passage with corresponding transverse wall.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8812158 | 1988-09-13 | ||
| FR8812158A FR2636202B1 (en) | 1988-09-13 | 1988-09-13 | DEVICE FOR TREATING SEEDS |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1041081A true CN1041081A (en) | 1990-04-11 |
| CN1020060C CN1020060C (en) | 1993-03-17 |
Family
ID=9370104
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN89106934A Expired - Fee Related CN1020060C (en) | 1988-09-13 | 1989-08-29 | Apparatus for treating seeds |
Country Status (28)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH02177811A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR900004243A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1020060C (en) |
| AR (1) | AR240729A1 (en) |
| AT (1) | AT398508B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU637322B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE1005281A0 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8904671A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1334746C (en) |
| CH (1) | CH682532A5 (en) |
| DD (1) | DD284576A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3928202C2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK448589A (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2014947A6 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI90489C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2636202B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2227639B (en) |
| GR (1) | GR1000560B (en) |
| HU (1) | HU203922B (en) |
| IL (1) | IL91545A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1231984B (en) |
| LU (1) | LU87582A1 (en) |
| NL (1) | NL8902184A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO893588L (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ230334A (en) |
| RU (1) | RU1831246C (en) |
| SE (1) | SE8902974L (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA896985B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107343404A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2017-11-14 | 胡开元 | A kind of Bao Miaoji |
| CN109041657A (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2018-12-21 | 拜耳作物科学有限合伙公司 | Seed treatment facility, method and device |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2660829B1 (en) * | 1990-04-17 | 1994-03-11 | Seppic | METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR FILMING PARTICULATE ELEMENTS. |
| GB9414883D0 (en) * | 1994-07-23 | 1994-09-14 | Knights Christopher R | Seed sterilization treatment |
| KR20010081732A (en) * | 2000-02-18 | 2001-08-29 | 정혜향 | A Knit dyed with natural dye and The Process for dyeing Thereof |
| US10420199B2 (en) | 2015-02-09 | 2019-09-17 | Applied Quantum Energies, Llc | Methods and apparatuses for treating agricultural matter |
| CA3001244C (en) | 2015-10-12 | 2024-02-27 | Applied Quantum Energies, Llc | Methods and apparatuses for treating agricultural matter |
| WO2019006226A1 (en) | 2017-06-29 | 2019-01-03 | Monsanto Technology Llc | Seed treatment process for large liquid volumes |
| CN108575192A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2018-09-28 | 蚌埠惊涛精密机械有限公司 | Cereal seed dressing device |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE473459C (en) * | 1929-03-15 | Emil Molz Dr | Dry pickling drum | |
| GB191207790A (en) * | 1912-03-30 | 1913-01-23 | James Hawkins Brodie | Improvements in Combined Fertilizer Mixer and Cart. |
| DE497319C (en) * | 1926-08-10 | 1930-05-06 | African Selection Trust Ltd | Mixing device with rotating drum |
| DE520889C (en) * | 1926-11-09 | 1931-03-14 | Georg Dreyer & Co G M B H | Device for dressing seeds by means of a drum rotatable about its longitudinal axis |
| US2185408A (en) * | 1936-10-14 | 1940-01-02 | Chemical Seed Treating Und Del | Seed treating machine |
| US4238523A (en) * | 1979-09-10 | 1980-12-09 | Sandoz Ltd. | Seed coating process |
| DE3131821A1 (en) * | 1981-08-12 | 1983-02-24 | Amazonen-Werke H. Dreyer Gmbh & Co Kg, 4507 Hasbergen | Seed drill |
| FR2603154B1 (en) * | 1986-09-02 | 1989-06-30 | Ceres | SEED FILMING PROCESS |
| FR2618041B1 (en) * | 1987-07-16 | 1991-06-21 | Ceres Ets | DEVICE FOR TREATING SEEDS |
-
1988
- 1988-09-13 FR FR8812158A patent/FR2636202B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1989
- 1989-08-16 NZ NZ230334A patent/NZ230334A/en unknown
- 1989-08-16 AR AR31467589A patent/AR240729A1/en active
- 1989-08-17 AT AT0195989A patent/AT398508B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-08-18 AU AU39993/89A patent/AU637322B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1989-08-21 CA CA000608906A patent/CA1334746C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-08-25 DE DE3928202A patent/DE3928202C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-08-29 CN CN89106934A patent/CN1020060C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-08-30 NL NL8902184A patent/NL8902184A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1989-08-31 CH CH3158/89A patent/CH682532A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-09-01 HU HU894540A patent/HU203922B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-09-06 IL IL9154589A patent/IL91545A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-09-07 NO NO89893588A patent/NO893588L/en unknown
- 1989-09-09 KR KR1019890013076A patent/KR900004243A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1989-09-11 GR GR890100571A patent/GR1000560B/en unknown
- 1989-09-11 SE SE8902974A patent/SE8902974L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1989-09-11 IT IT8948354A patent/IT1231984B/en active
- 1989-09-11 GB GB8920518A patent/GB2227639B/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-09-12 JP JP1236800A patent/JPH02177811A/en active Pending
- 1989-09-12 ES ES8903098A patent/ES2014947A6/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-09-12 RU SU894614957A patent/RU1831246C/en active
- 1989-09-12 FI FI894311A patent/FI90489C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-09-12 DK DK448589A patent/DK448589A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1989-09-13 BE BE8900972A patent/BE1005281A0/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-09-13 ZA ZA896985A patent/ZA896985B/en unknown
- 1989-09-13 DD DD89332595A patent/DD284576A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-09-13 BR BR898904671A patent/BR8904671A/en unknown
- 1989-09-13 LU LU87582A patent/LU87582A1/en unknown
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109041657A (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2018-12-21 | 拜耳作物科学有限合伙公司 | Seed treatment facility, method and device |
| CN107343404A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2017-11-14 | 胡开元 | A kind of Bao Miaoji |
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| PB01 | Publication | ||
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| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |