CN104101896A - Pile bottom cave sonar detection device and method - Google Patents
Pile bottom cave sonar detection device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104101896A CN104101896A CN201410276785.5A CN201410276785A CN104101896A CN 104101896 A CN104101896 A CN 104101896A CN 201410276785 A CN201410276785 A CN 201410276785A CN 104101896 A CN104101896 A CN 104101896A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pile bottom cave sonar detection device and method. The signal output end of a three-dimensional electronic compass it connected with the compass signal input end of a single-chip microcomputer. The signal input end of a sonar stress wave driving module is connected with the signal output end of the single-chip microcomputer. The stress wave driving signal output end of the sonar stress wave driving module is connected with a sonar stress wave transmitter. A sonar stress wave receiving sensor is connected with the sonar signal input end of the single-chip microcomputer through a sonar stress wave signal processing module. The communication end of the single-chip microcomputer is connected with an on-site host through a communication cable. A sonar detection probe is perpendicular to the bottom of a pile. The pile bottom cave sonar detection device and method, which are provided by the invention, can carry out detailed karst cave or weak rock detection on an area below the pile bottom, and can accurately determine whether a karst cave or weak rock is in a pile bottom detection range, wherein the karst cave or the weak rock influences the bearing capacity of the pile bottom.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to applied geophysics sonar detection technical field, refer to a kind of particularly at the bottom of solution cavity sonar detection device and detection method.
Background technology
Stake end CAVE DETECTION is mainly in stake hole site, to carry out the geological prospecting borehole of small-bore (being generally 5 to 10mm) at present, and at the bottom of getting into, 5 meters of left and right below design attitude just do not think there is no solution cavity at the bottom of this, as shown in Figure 1 when boring 8 runs into solution cavity 9.But, the place that produces solution cavity is all limestone area, limestone is corrosion very easily, corrosion is complex-shaped various, whether a small bore is difficult to guarantee to survey accurate one 1 meter has solution cavity within 5 meters to the bottom, stake hole of 3 rice diameters, often occur that at the bottom of some be rock on one side, on one side that (when solution cavity is present in a below, hole but not under stake hole time, the Zhuan Kong CAVE DETECTION of holing at center just there will be and surveys less than being present in a situation for the solution cavity of below, hole for the situation of solution cavity or soil.If it is soil layer that the bottom in stake hole has a small part, when major part is rock stratum, Zhuan Kong hole at center CAVE DETECTION also there will be survey less than being present in a situation for the small part soil layer of bottom, hole), if stake end solution cavity can not caused the load-bearing capacity of pile foundation greatly to reduce by discovery in time, cause building decline inhomogeneous or occur building inclination and the situation of toppling over, to people's lives and properties, cause very big loss.
At present some artificial digging piles are due at the bottom of testing staff can arrive, and the detection method that has carried out some physical prospectings, as geological radar and seismic method, and has obtained some effects; But current stake hole great majority are rotary drilling or impact holing, stake is all mud slurries in hole, at the bottom of personnel cannot arrive, surveys; Therefore, just cannot, to better surveying at the bottom of stake, cause the very scabrous problem of stake end solution cavity.
List of references: CAVE DETECTION technical research > >,, Chongqing Jiaotong University's Master's thesis in 2012 at the bottom of < < Pile, practice big light work.
List of references < < PRINCIPLE OF SEISMIC PROSPECTING WITH and method > > P304 page, Geology Publishing House, 1986.
Summary of the invention
Solution cavity sonar detection device and detection method at the bottom of object of the present invention will provide a kind of exactly, by these apparatus and method, can carry out detailed solution cavity or soft rock mass detection to lower zone at the bottom of stake, and at the bottom of the stake of energy Accurate Determining, in investigative range, whether have solution cavity and the soft stratum of impact stake end load-bearing capacity.
For realizing this object, the stake end solution cavity sonar detection device that the present invention is designed, it comprise the on-the-spot main frame that is arranged on outside stake and be arranged at the bottom of sonar detection probe, described sonar detection probe comprises sonar stress wave driver module, sonar stress wave transmitter, sonar stress wave receiving sensor, sonar stress wave signal processing module, single-chip microcomputer and three-dimensional electronic compass, wherein, the signal output part of described three-dimensional electronic compass connects the compass signal input end of single-chip microcomputer, the signal input part of sonar stress wave driver module connects the stress wave signal output terminal of single-chip microcomputer, the stress wave of sonar stress wave driver module drives signal output part to connect sonar stress wave transmitter, described sonar stress wave receiving sensor connects the sonar signal input end of single-chip microcomputer by sonar stress wave signal processing module, the communication ends of described single-chip microcomputer connects on-the-spot main frame by telecommunication cable, described sonar detection probe vertical and the stake end.
A stake end CAVE DETECTION method of utilizing above-mentioned stake end solution cavity sonar detection device, is characterized in that, it comprises the steps:
Step 1: the stake in stake hole pours into water in an end, has the water layer that 10～20cm is high at the bottom of making, and now sonar detection probe is immersed in above-mentioned water layer;
Step 2: on-the-spot main frame sends sonar stress wave steering order by telecommunication cable to the single-chip microcomputer in sonar detection probe, single-chip microcomputer sends sonar stress wave control signal according to sonar stress wave steering order to sonar stress wave driver module, it is 1KW～7KW to square emissive power scope under stake that sonar stress wave driver module is controlled sonar stress wave transmitter according to sonar stress wave control signal, frequency range is the sonar stress wave of 1000～10000HZ, each sonar stress wave receiving sensor receives the reflected signal of an above-mentioned sonar stress wave, each sonar stress wave signal processing module is amplified processing successively to the reflected signal of corresponding sonar stress wave, filtering processing and analog-to-digital conversion process, obtain the reflected signal of one group of sonar stress wave after processing, the reflected signal of the sonar stress wave after sonar stress wave signal processing module is processed a group sends to single-chip microcomputer, simultaneously, three-dimensional electronic compass senses each sonar stress wave receiving sensor direction now in sonar detection probe, thereby obtain one group of directional data, and by this prescription to data transmission to single-chip microcomputer,
Step 3: the reflected signal of the sonar stress wave after single-chip microcomputer is processed above-mentioned a group is transferred to on-the-spot main frame by telecommunication cable, and single-chip microcomputer is transferred to on-the-spot main frame by above-mentioned sonar stress wave receiving sensor one group of directional data now by telecommunication cable simultaneously;
Step 4: by sonar detection probe rotation 20～30 degree, and repeat step 2 and step 3, the reflected signal and all sonar stress wave receiving sensors that make on-the-spot main frame obtain the sonar stress wave after another group is processed are organized directional data at postrotational another, and reflected signal and two groups of sonar stress wave receiving sensor directional datas of the sonar stress wave after the above-mentioned two groups of processing of on-the-spot host computer using obtain the sonar reflection stress wave waveform sectional view of being tested surface according to existing sonar stress wave imaging method;
Step 5: at the bottom of the sonar reflection stress wave waveform sectional view of above-mentioned being tested surface is carried out to the stake of existing stress wave reflectometry Analysis deterrmination, whether below, bottom 10m exists solution cavity or soft rock mass with inner region.
A detection of solution cavity or soft rock mass at the bottom of application the present invention can realize, than existing stake end CAVE DETECTION Apparatus and method for, beneficial effect of the present invention is mainly manifested in:
(1) adopt the present invention, by sonar detection probe placement at the bottom of stake, a detection of solution cavity and soft stratum at the bottom of can realizing, it is applicable to all piles hole form of construction work, speed of detection is fast, result of detection is accurate, there is no human factor impact, can not delay construction speed.
(2) the present invention has realized the gross area detection at the stake end, there will not be the limitation of bore detecting and delay construction speed problem, there will not be and only have artificial digging pile just can carry out the problem of comprehensive detection of radar and seismic method, for pile foundation construction quality safety provides better guarantee.
(3) while adopting the present invention to realize on-the-spot host detection, show intuitively in real time result of detection, and generate detection analysis result map, without complicated artificial data analysis and processing stage.Therefore, device of the present invention possesses the advantages such as operability, accuracy, practicality.
(4) measurement result that the present invention obtains is compared the result that traditional boring CAVE DETECTION mode obtains, and has higher accuracy, any dead angle at the bottom of can not omitting.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of existing boring CAVE DETECTION method;
Fig. 2 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structured flowchart of on-the-spot main frame in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structured flowchart of sonar detection probe in the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the distribution plan of sonar stress wave receiving sensor bottom sonar detection probe in the present invention.
Wherein, 1-on-the-spot main frame, 1.1-system bus, 1.2-central processing unit, 1.3-storer, 1.4-human-computer interaction device, 1.5-usb communication interface, 2-sonar detection probe, 2.1-sonar stress wave driver module, 2.2-three-dimensional electronic compass, 2.3-sonar stress wave transmitter, 2.4-sonar stress wave receiving sensor, 2.5-sonar stress wave signal processing module, 2.6-single-chip microcomputer, 3-telecommunication cable, 4-stake end, 5-stake hole, 6-aperture support, 7-water layer, 8-boring, 9-solution cavity.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail:
Ultimate principle of the present invention is: stake end solution cavity and soft stratum and the rock mass at the stake end form one and change obvious interface, this interface is mainly manifested in the impact of the density counter stress wave-wave speed of rock or soil, therefore, this interface can produce stronger reflection echo to the transmission of sonar stress wave, when sonar transmitting probe is in 4 mud liquid at the bottom of stake during Firing Sonar, sonar can be propagated downwards by 4 rock mass at the bottom of stake, if can produce reflection echo while running into solution cavity or soft rock mass in communication process, echo can be received by sonar stress wave receiving sensor 2.4, at the bottom of just can surveying well according to the echoed signal receiving, whether there is solution cavity or soft stratum.
Stake end solution cavity sonar detection device as shown in Figure 2-5, it comprise the on-the-spot main frame 1 being arranged on outside stake and be arranged at the bottom of 4 sonar detection probe 2, described sonar detection probe 2 comprises sonar stress wave driver module 2.1, sonar stress wave transmitter 2.3, sonar stress wave receiving sensor 2.4, sonar stress wave signal processing module 2.5, single-chip microcomputer 2.6 and three-dimensional electronic compass 2.2, wherein, the signal output part of described three-dimensional electronic compass 2.2 connects the compass signal input end of single-chip microcomputer 2.6, the signal input part of sonar stress wave driver module 2.1 connects the stress wave signal output terminal of single-chip microcomputer 2.6, the stress wave of sonar stress wave driver module 2.1 drives signal output part to connect sonar stress wave transmitter 2.3, described sonar stress wave receiving sensor 2.4 connects the sonar signal input end of single-chip microcomputer 2.6 by sonar stress wave signal processing module 2.5, the communication ends of described single-chip microcomputer 2.6 connects on-the-spot main frame 1 by telecommunication cable 3, described sonar detection was popped one's head in for 2 vertical and stake ends 4.
In technique scheme, described on-the-spot main frame 1 comprises system bus 1.1, central processing unit 1.2, storer 1.3 (for obtaining direction and the inclination data of sonar detection probe 2 and survey the sonar data receiving and store), human-computer interaction device 1.4, USB (Universal Serial Bus, USB (universal serial bus)) communication interface 1.5 (for realizing the data communication between on-the-spot main frame 1 of the present invention and peripherals), wherein, described central processing unit 1.2, storer 1.3, human-computer interaction device 1.4 (comprises touch-screen, display screen and photoelectricity knob (being equivalent to computer mouse)), usb communication interface 1.5 is all connected with system bus 1.1.
In technique scheme, it also comprises the aperture support 6 that is erected at 5 tops, a hole, and described aperture support 6 holds up telecommunication cable 3 at stake mouth.
In technique scheme, described sonar stress wave receiving sensor 2.4 and sonar stress wave signal processing module 2.5 all have 4～8, and described each sonar stress wave receiving sensor 2.4 all connects the sonar signal input end of single-chip microcomputer 2.6 by corresponding sonar stress wave signal processing module 2.5.Described 4～8 sonar stress wave receiving sensors 2.4 are along sonar detection being circumferentially evenly arranged of 2 bottoms of popping one's head in.
In technique scheme, sonar stress wave transmitter 2.3, sonar stress wave receiving sensor 2.4 and the three-dimensional electronic compass 2.2 in described sonar detection probe 2 be a vertical and stake end 4 all.
Each equipment described in technique scheme itself is ripe existing equipment.
A stake end CAVE DETECTION method of utilizing above-mentioned stake end solution cavity sonar detection device, it comprises the steps:
Step 1: the stake end 4 in stake hole 5 pours into water, at the bottom of making, 4 have the water layer 7 that 10～20cm is high, now sonar detection probe 2 be immersed in above-mentioned water layer 7 (the stress wave of water transmission just cry receive, wherein water is again the best couplant of stress wave, water can make the stress wave on a bottom boundary be delivered in receiving sensor by water, and received sensor receives);
Step 2: on-the-spot main frame 1 sends sonar stress wave steering order by telecommunication cable 3 to the single-chip microcomputer 2.6 in sonar detection probe 2, single-chip microcomputer 2.6 sends sonar stress wave control signal according to sonar stress wave steering order to sonar stress wave driver module 2.1, it is 1KW～7KW to 4 below emissive power scopes at the bottom of stake that sonar stress wave driver module 2.1 is controlled sonar stress wave transmitter 2.3 according to sonar stress wave control signal, frequency range is the sonar stress wave of 1000～10000HZ, each sonar stress wave receiving sensor 2.4 receives the reflected signal of an above-mentioned sonar stress wave, the reflected signal of 2.5 pairs of corresponding sonar stress waves of each sonar stress wave signal processing module amplifies processing successively, filtering processing and analog-to-digital conversion process, obtain the reflected signal of one group of sonar stress wave after processing, the reflected signal of the sonar stress wave after sonar stress wave signal processing module 2.5 is processed a group sends to single-chip microcomputer 2.6, simultaneously, three-dimensional electronic compass 2.2 senses each sonar stress wave receiving sensor 2.4 direction now in sonar detection probe 2, thereby obtain one group of directional data, and by this prescription to data transmission to single-chip microcomputer 2.6,
Step 3: the reflected signal of the sonar stress wave after single-chip microcomputer 2.6 is processed above-mentioned a group is transferred to on-the-spot main frame 1 by telecommunication cable 3, and single-chip microcomputer 2.6 is transferred to on-the-spot main frame 1 by above-mentioned sonar stress wave receiving sensor 2.4 one group of directional data now by telecommunication cable 3 simultaneously;
Step 4: by sonar detection probe 2 rotation 20～30 degree (selecting these rotation number of degrees can improve the accuracy of below, stake bottom, the ends 4 testing result), and repeat step 2 and step 3, the reflected signal and all sonar stress wave receiving sensors 2.4 that make on-the-spot main frame 1 obtain the sonar stress wave after another group is processed are organized directional data at postrotational another, on-the-spot main frame 1 utilizes reflected signal and two groups of sonar stress wave receiving sensor 2.4 directional datas of the sonar stress wave after above-mentioned two groups of processing according to existing sonar stress wave imaging method, to obtain the sonar reflection stress wave waveform sectional view of being tested surface, such processing form can determine whether below, stake bottom, the ends 4 exists solution cavity or soft rock mass more accurately),
Step 5: the sonar reflection stress wave waveform sectional view of above-mentioned being tested surface is carried out to existing stress wave reflectometry Analysis deterrmination (list of references < < PRINCIPLE OF SEISMIC PROSPECTING WITH and method > > P304 page, Geology Publishing House, 1986) stake bottom, the ends 4 below 10m (stake bottom, a ends 4 below 10m take lower area as power bracket be 1KW～7KW, effective radiation areas of the stress wave that frequency range is 1000～10000HZ) with inner region, whether there is solution cavity or soft rock mass.
At the bottom of whether technician needs to carry out at the bottom of confirming according to the result of above-mentioned test, ground is processed.
In the step 2 of technique scheme, three-dimensional electronic compass 2.2 is also transferred to single-chip microcomputer 2.6 by sonar detection probe 2 sonar detection probe inclination data now; In step 3, single-chip microcomputer 2.6 is transferred to the central processing unit 1.2 of on-the-spot main frame 1 by the sonar detection inclination data of popping one's head in by telecommunication cable 3, the central processing unit 1.2 of on-the-spot main frame 1 confirms that according to sonar detection probe inclination data sonar detection probe now 2 is whether 4 vertical with at the bottom of stake, if sonar detection probe 2 is 4 not vertical with at the bottom of stake, sonar detection need to be popped one's head in 2 be adjusted to 4 vertical with at the bottom of stake.
The content that this instructions is not described in detail belongs to the known prior art of professional and technical personnel in the field.
Claims (7)
1. solution cavity sonar detection device at the bottom of a stake, it comprise the on-the-spot main frame (1) being arranged on outside stake and be arranged at the bottom of the sonar detection probe (2) of (4), described sonar detection probe (2) comprises sonar stress wave driver module (2.1), sonar stress wave transmitter (2.3), sonar stress wave receiving sensor (2.4), sonar stress wave signal processing module (2.5), single-chip microcomputer (2.6) and three-dimensional electronic compass (2.2), wherein, the signal output part of described three-dimensional electronic compass (2.2) connects the compass signal input end of single-chip microcomputer (2.6), the signal input part of sonar stress wave driver module (2.1) connects the stress wave signal output terminal of single-chip microcomputer (2.6), the stress wave of sonar stress wave driver module (2.1) drives signal output part to connect sonar stress wave transmitter (2.3), described sonar stress wave receiving sensor (2.4) connects the sonar signal input end of single-chip microcomputer (2.6) by sonar stress wave signal processing module (2.5), the communication ends of described single-chip microcomputer (2.6) connects on-the-spot main frame (1) by telecommunication cable (3), described sonar detection is popped one's head in (2) vertically and a stake end (4).
2. solution cavity sonar detection device at the bottom of according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described on-the-spot main frame (1) comprises system bus (1.1), central processing unit (1.2), storer (1.3), human-computer interaction device (1.4), usb communication interface (1.5), wherein, described central processing unit (1.2), storer (1.3), human-computer interaction device (1.4), usb communication interface (1.5) are all connected with system bus (1.1).
3. solution cavity sonar detection device at the bottom of according to claim 1, is characterized in that: it also comprises the aperture support (6) that is erected at top, a hole (5), and described aperture support (6) holds up telecommunication cable (3) at stake mouth.
4. solution cavity sonar detection device at the bottom of according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described sonar stress wave receiving sensor (2.4) and sonar stress wave signal processing module (2.5) all have a plurality of, described each sonar stress wave receiving sensor (2.4) all connects the sonar signal input end of single-chip microcomputer (2.6) by corresponding sonar stress wave signal processing module (2.5), described a plurality of sonar stress wave receiving sensors (2.4) are circumferentially evenly arranged along sonar detection probe (2) bottom.
5. solution cavity sonar detection device at the bottom of according to claim 1, is characterized in that: sonar stress wave transmitter (2.3), sonar stress wave receiving sensor (2.4) and the three-dimensional electronic compass (2.2) in described sonar detection probe (2) be a vertical and end (4) all.
6. a stake end CAVE DETECTION method of utilizing in claim 1～5 stake end solution cavity sonar detection device described in any one, is characterized in that, it comprises the steps:
A step 1 a: stake end (4) in stake hole (5) pours into water, and at the bottom of making, (4) have the water layer that 10～20cm is high (7), and now sonar detection probe (2) is immersed in above-mentioned water layer (7);
Step 2: on-the-spot main frame (1) sends sonar stress wave steering order by telecommunication cable (3) to the single-chip microcomputer (2.6) in sonar detection probe (2), single-chip microcomputer (2.6) sends sonar stress wave control signal according to sonar stress wave steering order to sonar stress wave driver module (2.1), it is 1KW～7KW to (4) below emissive power scope at the bottom of stake that sonar stress wave driver module (2.1) is controlled sonar stress wave transmitter (2.3) according to sonar stress wave control signal, frequency range is the sonar stress wave of 1000～10000HZ, each sonar stress wave receiving sensor (2.4) receives the reflected signal of an above-mentioned sonar stress wave, each sonar stress wave signal processing module (2.5) is amplified processing successively to the reflected signal of corresponding sonar stress wave, filtering processing and analog-to-digital conversion process, obtain the reflected signal of one group of sonar stress wave after processing, the reflected signal of the sonar stress wave after sonar stress wave signal processing module (2.5) is processed a group sends to single-chip microcomputer (2.6), simultaneously, three-dimensional electronic compass (2.2) senses each sonar stress wave receiving sensor (2.4) direction now in sonar detection probe (2), thereby obtain one group of directional data, and by this prescription to data transmission to single-chip microcomputer (2.6),
Step 3: the reflected signal of the sonar stress wave after single-chip microcomputer (2.6) is processed above-mentioned a group is transferred to on-the-spot main frame (1) by telecommunication cable (3), and single-chip microcomputer (2.6) is transferred to on-the-spot main frame (1) by above-mentioned sonar stress wave receiving sensor (2.4) one group of directional data now by telecommunication cable (3) simultaneously;
Step 4: by sonar detection probe (2) rotation 20～30 degree, and repeat step 2 and step 3, the reflected signal and all sonar stress wave receiving sensors (2.4) that make on-the-spot main frame (1) obtain the sonar stress wave after another group is processed are organized directional data at postrotational another, and on-the-spot main frame (1) utilizes reflected signal and two groups of sonar stress wave receiving sensors (2.4) directional data of the sonar stress wave after above-mentioned two groups of processing according to existing sonar stress wave imaging method, to obtain the sonar reflection stress wave waveform sectional view of being tested surface;
Step 5: at the bottom of the sonar reflection stress wave waveform sectional view of above-mentioned being tested surface is carried out to the stake of existing stress wave reflectometry Analysis deterrmination, whether (4) bottom below 10m exists solution cavity or soft rock mass with inner region.
7. CAVE DETECTION method at the bottom of according to claim 6, is characterized in that: in described step 2, three-dimensional electronic compass (2.2) is also transferred to single-chip microcomputer (2.6) by sonar detection probe (2) sonar detection probe inclination data now; In step 3, single-chip microcomputer (2.6) is transferred to on-the-spot main frame (1) by the sonar detection inclination data of popping one's head in by telecommunication cable (3), on-the-spot main frame (1) confirms that according to sonar detection probe inclination data whether sonar detection probe (2) is now vertical with (4) at the bottom of stake, if sonar detection probe (2) is not vertical with (4) at the bottom of stake, sonar detection need to be popped one's head in (2) are adjusted to vertical with (4) at the bottom of stake.
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| CN113772054A (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2021-12-10 | 山东建筑大学 | Karst cave exploration robot in liquid environment and control system and control method thereof |
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