CN109884720B - Device and method for determining three-dimensional composite frequency electromagnetic detection of water-rich ground well - Google Patents
Device and method for determining three-dimensional composite frequency electromagnetic detection of water-rich ground well Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-dimensional composite frequency electromagnetic detection device for determining water-rich ground wells, which comprises an on-site host, a probe and a composite frequency electromagnetic signal emitter, wherein the probe comprises a three-dimensional electromagnetic field sensor, an electromagnetic signal receiving module, a single chip microcomputer and a three-dimensional electronic compass; the invention utilizes the method of transmitting the composite frequency electromagnetic field on the ground and receiving the composite electromagnetic field by drilling, can effectively avoid the influence of various electromagnetic interferences and low-resistance and high-resistance covering layers on the ground surface, and ensures that the signal quality is higher and the penetration depth is larger.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geophysical exploration of hydrogeological engineering, in particular to a device and a method for determining three-dimensional composite frequency electromagnetic exploration of a water-rich ground well.
Background
The conventional methods for investigating and detecting hydrogeological engineering resources are borehole detection (abbreviated as "drilling") and geophysical detection (abbreviated as "geophysical"). Because the drilling method is high in cost and long in time consumption, the drilling result is a hole, and the exploration range is extremely limited, the requirement of actual production is difficult to meet only by adopting the drilling means. Due to the advantages of low cost, rapidness, large exploration range, long distance and the like, although the geophysical prospecting method has more varieties, the direct current method, the induced polarization method, the electromagnetic method and other methods are widely applied to ground geophysical prospecting water; however, the working space of the existing system is mainly the ground, and when a thicker low-resistance covering layer exists on the surface or the electromagnetic interference is larger, the detection effect of the ground emission and observation working mode on the deep target body is generally poorer.
The workspace for geophysical exploration may be aerial, surface, and downhole. Generally, the detection precision and the detection depth of the geophysical prospecting in the well are high. This is because the receiving point is closer to the target body below the ground, and the anomalies caused by the target body are less affected by other formations and are more apparent; and the receiving point is located underground, thereby effectively avoiding the influence of various electromagnetic interferences and low-resistance covering layers on the earth surface, and ensuring higher signal quality and larger penetration depth. Therefore, the ground well geophysical prospecting device capable of transmitting on the ground and receiving underground can play an important role in the field of deep blind water-rich detection.
In recent years, with the continuous influx of various foreign geophysical prospecting instruments and equipment and the gradual maturity of theoretical research, the geophysical prospecting in the aspect of detecting water-rich resources is more and more emphasized domestically; however, the geological exploration method of the earth well in China just starts, and the research and application degree and range of the geological exploration method are still very limited from the whole perspective.
Reference documents: the principle of electromagnetic sounding method (1990), geological publishing agency, Prime book of Purpurement; the theory of electromagnetic law in the time domain was published by the southern university in 2007, and the chain of cattle is compiled; the book of higher education publishers, in 2006, double-frequency induced polarization method, is superior; in Jing Yu, mine transient electromagnetic theory and technology research [ D ]. Xuzhou, university of Chinese mining, 2001; well known, study of underground full space-time transient electromagnetic response [ J ], geophysical prospecting and chemical prospecting, 2009,33(4): 436-.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for determining water-rich three-dimensional composite frequency electromagnetic detection of a ground well.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention designs a three-dimensional composite frequency electromagnetic detection device for determining water-rich property of a ground well, which is characterized in that: the on-site host comprises a central processing unit, a system bus and a composite frequency electromagnetic signal driving module, wherein a composite frequency electromagnetic signal control instruction communication end of the central processing unit is connected with the composite frequency electromagnetic signal driving module through the system bus, and a signal output end of the composite frequency electromagnetic signal driving module is connected with a signal input end of the composite frequency electromagnetic signal transmitter;
the signal output end of the three-dimensional electromagnetic field sensor is connected with the signal input end of the electromagnetic signal receiving module, the signal output end of the electromagnetic signal receiving module is connected with the electromagnetic signal input end of the single chip microcomputer, the communication end of the three-dimensional electronic compass is connected with the compass signal communication end of the single chip microcomputer, and the host data communication end of the single chip microcomputer is connected with the single chip microcomputer data communication end of the central processing unit;
the composite frequency electromagnetic signal transmitter is used for transmitting a composite frequency electromagnetic signal to a drill hole to be tested under the control of the composite frequency electromagnetic signal driving module; the three-dimensional electromagnetic field sensor of the probe is used for receiving electromagnetic direct signals corresponding to all coordinate points of the drill hole to be detected in the composite frequency electromagnetic signals and three-dimensional secondary field electromagnetic signals corresponding to all coordinate points of the drill hole to be detected, wherein the rock around the drill hole to be detected is electromagnetically excited by the composite frequency, and the three-dimensional electronic compass is used for sensing track data of the probe in the drill hole to be detected;
the single chip microcomputer is used for carrying out analog-to-digital conversion processing on the received electromagnetic direct signals corresponding to the coordinate points of the drill hole to be detected and the received three-dimensional secondary field electromagnetic signals corresponding to the coordinate points of the drill hole to be detected to obtain three-dimensional electromagnetic direct digital signals corresponding to the coordinate points of the drill hole to be detected and three-dimensional secondary field electromagnetic digital signals corresponding to the coordinate points of the drill hole to be detected;
the central processing unit 1.1 is used for dividing the three-dimensional secondary field electromagnetic digital signal corresponding to each coordinate point of the drill hole to be detected by the three-dimensional electromagnetic direct digital signal corresponding to each coordinate point of the drill hole to be detected to obtain three-dimensional electromagnetic field strength data of each coordinate point of the drill hole to be detected, and then imaging the three-dimensional electromagnetic field strength data of each coordinate point of the drill hole to be detected to obtain a three-dimensional electromagnetic field imaging graph of the drill hole to be detected;
the central processing unit is also used for drawing a drilling track graph according to the track data of the induction probe in the drill hole to be detected, which is obtained by the three-dimensional electronic compass;
the central processing unit is used for processing the three-dimensional electromagnetic field imaging graph of the drilling hole to be detected, finding out whether the three-dimensional electromagnetic field intensity of a certain coordinate point of the drilling hole to be detected is greater than the triple mean square error of the three-dimensional electromagnetic field intensity of all coordinate points of the whole drilling hole to be detected, and matching the coordinate point of the drilling hole to be detected with the drilling track graph to find out the specific water-rich position in the drilling hole if the three-dimensional electromagnetic field intensity of the certain coordinate point of the drilling hole to be detected is greater than the triple mean square error of the three-dimensional electromagnetic field intensity of all coordinate points of the whole drilling hole to be detected.
A three-dimensional composite frequency electromagnetic detection method using an upper device is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: arranging a plurality of composite frequency electromagnetic signal transmitters in the orifice area of a drill hole to be tested, arranging a probe in the orifice of the drill hole to be tested, and pushing the probe from the orifice of the drill hole to be tested to the bottom of the hole in a stepping mode along each coordinate point;
step 2: the central processing unit controls the composite frequency electromagnetic signal driving module to transmit a composite frequency electromagnetic signal to the drill hole to be tested through the composite frequency electromagnetic signal transmitter;
and step 3: the method comprises the following steps that a three-dimensional electromagnetic field sensor of a probe receives electromagnetic direct signals corresponding to all coordinate points of a drill hole to be detected in composite frequency electromagnetic signals and three-dimensional secondary field electromagnetic signals corresponding to all coordinate points of the drill hole to be detected, wherein the three-dimensional secondary field electromagnetic signals are excited by the composite frequency electromagnetic waves of surrounding rock mass of the drill hole to be detected, and the three-dimensional electronic compass senses track data of the probe in the drill hole to be detected;
and 4, step 4: the central processing unit divides the three-dimensional secondary field electromagnetic digital signals corresponding to each coordinate point of the drill hole to be detected by the three-dimensional electromagnetic direct digital signals corresponding to each coordinate point of the drill hole to be detected to obtain three-dimensional electromagnetic field strength data of each coordinate point of the drill hole to be detected, and then images the three-dimensional electromagnetic field strength data of each coordinate point of the drill hole to be detected to obtain a three-dimensional electromagnetic field imaging graph of the drill hole to be detected;
the central processing unit is also used for drawing a drilling track graph according to track data of the induction probe in the drill hole to be detected, which is obtained by the three-dimensional electronic compass;
and 5: and the central processing unit processes the three-dimensional electromagnetic field imaging graph of the drill hole to be detected, finds out whether the three-dimensional electromagnetic field intensity of a certain coordinate point of the drill hole to be detected is greater than the triple mean square error of the three-dimensional electromagnetic field intensity of all coordinate points of the whole drill hole to be detected, and if so, matches the coordinate point of the drill hole to be detected with the drill hole trajectory graph to find out the specific water-rich position in the drill hole.
Compared with the prior detection equipment and method, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention solves the problem that drilling is often just 'one hole' and the situation that the periphery and the bottom of a drill hole are difficult to judge. High and low resistance body distribution around the drill hole can be detected through the ground-well three-dimensional composite frequency electromagnetic detection equipment and technology, so that rock lithology around the drill hole is distinguished, geological conditions around the drill hole are mastered, and the drilling utilization rate is improved.
(2) The invention realizes the ground-well three-dimensional composite frequency electromagnetic detection, has more detection information amount, avoids the interference influence of ground electromagnetism, surface rivers, landforms, buildings and the like in the drill hole, improves the identification and processing capability of weak signals, can ensure the accuracy and reliability of the detection result and provides more scientific basis for guiding the water source detection.
The device and the method can be used for finely and effectively detecting the water-rich property around the drill hole and at the bottom of the drill hole within a certain range, can be used for detecting the water-rich property around the drill hole and at the bottom of the drill hole within a range of 0-hundreds of meters, and is an organic combination of drilling and geophysical prospecting, so that the detection precision of the geophysical prospecting can be improved, the number of drill holes for drilling can be reduced, and the accurate detection of the water-rich property can be realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention in use;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the probe of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the construction of the on-site host portion of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a composite frequency electromagnetic transmitter coil according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional electromagnetic sensor according to the present invention.
The system comprises a field host 1, a field host 1.1, a central processing unit 1.2, a second storage, a human-computer interaction device 1.3, a battery 1.4, a system bus 1.5, a second optical cable port 1.6, a composite frequency electromagnetic signal driving module 1.7, a probe 2, a three-dimensional electromagnetic field sensor 2.1, an electromagnetic signal receiving module 2.2, a singlechip 2.3, a first optical cable port 2.4, a first storage 2.5, a three-dimensional electronic compass 2.6, an electromagnetic field sensor 2.1.1X axis, a magnetic field sensor 2.1.2Y axis, a magnetic field sensor 2.1.3Z axis, a fiber optic cable 3, an electromagnetic signal emitter 4-composite frequency 4.1, a cable 5, a transmitting connecting cable 6, a drill hole to be tested and a ground 7.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and specific examples:
the three-dimensional composite frequency electromagnetic detection device for determining the water-rich property of the ground well is characterized in that: the on-site electromagnetic signal monitoring system comprises an on-site host 1, a probe 2 and a composite frequency electromagnetic signal emitter 4, wherein the probe 2 comprises a three-dimensional electromagnetic field sensor 2.1, an electromagnetic signal receiving module 2.2, a single chip microcomputer 2.3 and a three-dimensional electronic compass 2.6, the on-site host 1 is arranged on the ground 7 of a borehole 6 to be tested, the composite frequency electromagnetic signal emitter 4 is arranged in the orifice area of the borehole 6 to be tested, the on-site host 1 comprises a central processing unit 1.1, a system bus 1.5 and a composite frequency electromagnetic signal driving module 1.7, a composite frequency electromagnetic signal control instruction communication end of the central processing unit 1.1 is connected with the composite frequency electromagnetic signal driving module 1.7 through the system bus 1.5, and a signal output end of the composite frequency electromagnetic signal driving module 1.7 is connected with a signal input end of the composite frequency electromagnetic signal emitter 4;
the signal output end of the three-dimensional electromagnetic field sensor 2.1 is connected with the signal input end of the electromagnetic signal receiving module 2.2, the signal output end of the electromagnetic signal receiving module 2.2 is connected with the electromagnetic signal input end of the singlechip 2.3, the communication end of the three-dimensional electronic compass 2.6 is connected with the compass signal communication end of the singlechip 2.3, and the host data communication end of the singlechip 2.3 is connected with the singlechip data communication end of the central processing unit 1.1;
the composite frequency electromagnetic signal transmitter 4 is used for transmitting a composite frequency electromagnetic signal to the drill hole 6 to be tested under the control of the composite frequency electromagnetic signal driving module 1.7; the three-dimensional electromagnetic field sensor 2.1 of the probe 2 is used for receiving electromagnetic direct signals corresponding to each coordinate point of the drill hole to be detected in the composite frequency electromagnetic signals and three-dimensional secondary field electromagnetic signals corresponding to each coordinate point of the drill hole to be detected, which are excited by composite frequency electromagnetic waves, of the rock mass around the drill hole 6 to be detected, and the three-dimensional electronic compass 2.6 is used for sensing track data of the probe 2 in the drill hole 6 to be detected;
the singlechip 2.3 is used for performing analog-to-digital conversion on the received electromagnetic direct signals corresponding to the coordinate points of the drill hole to be detected and the received three-dimensional secondary field electromagnetic signals corresponding to the coordinate points of the drill hole to be detected to obtain three-dimensional electromagnetic direct digital signals corresponding to the coordinate points of the drill hole to be detected and three-dimensional secondary field electromagnetic digital signals corresponding to the coordinate points of the drill hole to be detected;
the central processing unit 1.1 is used for dividing the three-dimensional secondary field electromagnetic digital signal corresponding to each coordinate point of the drill hole to be detected by the three-dimensional electromagnetic direct digital signal corresponding to each coordinate point of the drill hole to be detected to obtain three-dimensional electromagnetic field strength data of each coordinate point of the drill hole to be detected, and then imaging the three-dimensional electromagnetic field strength data of each coordinate point of the drill hole to be detected to obtain a three-dimensional electromagnetic field imaging graph of the drill hole to be detected;
the central processing unit 1.1 is further configured to draw a borehole trajectory diagram according to trajectory data of the inductive probe 2 in the borehole 6 to be tested, which is obtained by the three-dimensional electronic compass 2.6;
the central processing unit 1.1 is configured to process the three-dimensional electromagnetic field imaging map of the borehole to be measured, find out whether there is a triple mean square error that the three-dimensional electromagnetic field strength of a certain coordinate point of the borehole to be measured is greater than the three-dimensional electromagnetic field strength of all coordinate points of the entire borehole to be measured, and if there is a triple mean square error, match the coordinate point of the borehole to be measured with the borehole trajectory map to find out a specific water-rich position in the borehole.
In the technical scheme, the drill hole opening has known three-dimensional coordinates (x, y and z), the coordinate position of each point of the drill hole can be measured by using a drilling instrument, the detected electromagnetic signal is used for detecting the geological condition within a certain radius around the drill hole by taking the drill hole as a circular point, and thus, the starting point (zero point) of the detection is the coordinate of the drill hole at the position. (corresponding to the projection of the detection result on a coordinate graph centered on the borehole)
The track sensor is used for measuring angles, the change coordinates between the measuring points can be calculated according to the distance between the measuring points, then the coordinate of the orifice is taken as the origin, the coordinate data of the whole drill hole can be obtained, and a drill hole track graph is drawn according to the coordinate data.
In the above technical solution, the probe 2 further includes a first memory 2.5, a communication end of the first memory 2.5 is connected to a data storage end of the single chip microcomputer 2.3, and the first memory 2.5 is used for three-dimensional electromagnetic direct digital signals and three-dimensional secondary field electromagnetic digital signals.
In the technical scheme, a host data communication end of a singlechip 2.3 is connected with a singlechip data communication end of a central processing unit 1.1 through a first optical cable port 2.4, an optical fiber cable 3, a second optical cable port 1.6 of a field host 1 and a system bus 1.5 in sequence; the batteries 1.4 supply power to the individual devices in the field host 1.
In the above technical solution, the signal output end of the composite frequency electromagnetic signal driving module 1.7 is connected with the signal input end of the composite frequency electromagnetic signal transmitter 4 through the transmission connecting cable 5.
In the above technical solution, the composite frequency electromagnetic signal is formed by combining two or more frequency electromagnetic signals (synthesizing a pseudo random signal), and the dimension electromagnetic field sensor 2.1 measures electromagnetic field signals of various frequencies at the same time. This can improve observation efficiency and reduce background interference.
In the technical scheme, the on-site host 1 further comprises a second memory 1.2 and a human-computer interaction device 1.3, the second memory 1.2 and the human-computer interaction device 1.3 are both connected to a system bus 1.5, the human-computer interaction device 1.3 comprises a touch screen, a display screen, a USB interface and a photoelectric knob, and the second memory 1.2 is used for storing a drilling hole three-dimensional electromagnetic field imaging diagram and a drilling hole track diagram generated by the central processing unit 1.1.
In the technical scheme, the shell of the probe 2 is formed by plugging a non-metal tube with the diameter of 38-45 mm with a non-metal material (the metal material can have an additional magnetic field and has influence on the three-dimensional magnetic sensor, and meanwhile, the metal material has influence factors on an electric field due to conductive factors), and the three-dimensional direction of the three-dimensional electromagnetic field sensor 2.1 is consistent with the three-dimensional direction of the three-dimensional electronic compass 2.6.
In the above technical solution, the three-dimensional electromagnetic field sensor 2.1 is composed of an X-axis electromagnetic field sensor 2.1.1, a Y-axis magnetic field sensor 2.1.2, and a Z-axis magnetic field sensor 2.1.3, and is respectively used for receiving electromagnetic field signals in three directions, namely, a compass direction (X direction), a direction vertical to the compass direction (Y direction), and a direction horizontal to the compass direction (Z direction).
In the technical scheme, the composite frequency electromagnetic signal transmitter 4 is formed by winding a multi-turn cable 4.1 on a square frame body or a circular frame body, wherein the side length of the square frame body is 10-1000 meters, and the diameter of the circular shape is 3-500 meters.
A three-dimensional composite frequency electromagnetic detection method using the device comprises the following steps:
step 1: arranging a plurality of composite frequency electromagnetic signal transmitters 4 in the orifice area of a drill hole 6 to be tested (the orifice of the drill hole 6 to be tested can be arranged in the electromagnetic transmitting coil 4 or outside the electromagnetic transmitting coil 4), arranging a probe 2 in the orifice of the drill hole 6 to be tested, and propelling the probe 2 from the orifice of the drill hole 6 to be tested to the bottom of the hole in a stepping mode along each coordinate point (namely, each coordinate point is in pause preset design);
step 2: the central processing unit 1.1 controls the composite frequency electromagnetic signal driving module 1.7 to transmit a composite frequency electromagnetic signal to the drill hole 6 to be tested through the composite frequency electromagnetic signal transmitter 4;
and step 3: a three-dimensional electromagnetic field sensor 2.1 of the probe 2 receives electromagnetic direct signals corresponding to each coordinate point of the borehole to be tested in the composite frequency electromagnetic signals and three-dimensional secondary field electromagnetic signals corresponding to each coordinate point of the borehole to be tested, which are electromagnetically excited by composite frequency, of the rock mass around the borehole 6 to be tested, and a three-dimensional electronic compass 2.6 induces track data of the probe 2 in the borehole 6 to be tested;
and 4, step 4: the central processing unit 1.1 divides the three-dimensional secondary field electromagnetic digital signal corresponding to each coordinate point of the drill hole to be detected by the three-dimensional electromagnetic direct digital signal corresponding to each coordinate point of the drill hole to be detected to obtain three-dimensional electromagnetic field strength data of each coordinate point of the drill hole to be detected, and then images the three-dimensional electromagnetic field strength data of each coordinate point of the drill hole to be detected to obtain a three-dimensional electromagnetic field imaging graph of the drill hole to be detected;
the central processing unit 1.1 also draws a drilling track graph according to track data of the induction probe 2 in the drilling hole 6 to be detected, which is obtained by the three-dimensional electronic compass 2.6;
and 5: the central processing unit 1.1 processes the three-dimensional electromagnetic field imaging map of the borehole to be tested, finds out whether the three-dimensional electromagnetic field intensity of a certain coordinate point of the borehole to be tested is greater than the triple mean square error of the three-dimensional electromagnetic field intensity of all coordinate points of the whole borehole to be tested, if so, matches the coordinate point of the borehole to be tested with the borehole trajectory map to find out the specific water-rich position in the borehole (the water-rich resistance is low, the low resistance can generate a large electromagnetic field signal, and the direction of the water-rich in the three-dimensional body of the borehole 6 to be tested is judged and analyzed by using the magnitude and direction (positive and negative) values of the three-dimensional magnetic field to realize three-dimensional orientation).
In step 4 of the above technical solution, the specific way for the central processing unit 1.1 to obtain the three-dimensional electromagnetic field strength data of each coordinate point of the borehole by dividing the three-dimensional secondary field electromagnetic digital signal corresponding to each coordinate point of the borehole to be measured by the three-dimensional electromagnetic direct digital signal corresponding to each coordinate point of the borehole to be measured is as follows:
wherein M iskijMeasuring the three-dimensional electromagnetic field intensity of each coordinate point of the drill hole for the calculated magnetic field signal of a certain point in a certain direction of the normalized secondary magnetic field;
M0kijthe three-dimensional electromagnetic direct digital signal is a magnetic field signal of a certain point in a certain direction of a detected direct primary magnetic field, namely a three-dimensional electromagnetic direct digital signal corresponding to each coordinate point of a drill hole to be detected;
M1kijthe magnetic field signal of a certain point in a certain direction of the excited secondary magnetic field is detected, namely a three-dimensional secondary field electromagnetic digital signal corresponding to each coordinate point of the drill hole to be detected;
k-1, 2, a
i-x, y, z directions
j-1, 2, 3, and.
Details not described in this specification are within the skill of the art that are well known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a confirm three-dimensional compound frequency electromagnetic detection device of ground well of rich water nature which characterized in that: the device comprises a field host (1), a probe (2) and a composite frequency electromagnetic signal emitter (4), wherein the probe (2) comprises a three-dimensional electromagnetic field sensor (2.1), an electromagnetic signal receiving module (2.2), a single chip microcomputer (2.3) and a three-dimensional electronic compass (2.6), the composite frequency electromagnetic signal emitter (4) is arranged in the orifice area of a drill hole (6) to be detected, the field host (1) comprises a central processing unit (1.1), a system bus (1.5) and a composite frequency electromagnetic signal driving module (1.7), a composite frequency electromagnetic signal control instruction communication end of the central processing unit (1.1) is connected with the composite frequency electromagnetic signal driving module (1.7) through the system bus (1.5), a signal output end of the composite frequency electromagnetic signal driving module (1.7) is connected with a signal input end of the composite frequency electromagnetic signal emitter (4), and the probe (2) is arranged in the orifice of the drill hole (6) to be detected, the probe (2) is pushed to the bottom of the hole from the hole opening of the drill hole (6) to be detected in a stepping mode along each coordinate point;
the signal output end of the three-dimensional electromagnetic field sensor (2.1) is connected with the signal input end of the electromagnetic signal receiving module (2.2), the signal output end of the electromagnetic signal receiving module (2.2) is connected with the electromagnetic signal input end of the singlechip (2.3), the communication end of the three-dimensional electronic compass (2.6) is connected with the compass signal communication end of the singlechip (2.3), and the host data communication end of the singlechip (2.3) is connected with the singlechip data communication end of the central processing unit (1.1);
the composite frequency electromagnetic signal transmitter (4) is used for transmitting a composite frequency electromagnetic signal to a drill hole (6) to be tested under the control of the composite frequency electromagnetic signal driving module (1.7); the three-dimensional electromagnetic field sensor (2.1) of the probe (2) is used for receiving electromagnetic direct signals corresponding to each coordinate point of the drill hole to be detected in the composite frequency electromagnetic signals and three-dimensional secondary field electromagnetic signals corresponding to each coordinate point of the drill hole to be detected, which are electromagnetically excited by composite frequency, of the rock mass around the drill hole (6) to be detected, and the three-dimensional electronic compass (2.6) is used for sensing the track data of the probe (2) in the drill hole (6) to be detected;
the single chip microcomputer (2.3) is used for carrying out analog-to-digital conversion processing on the received electromagnetic direct signals corresponding to the coordinate points of the drill hole to be detected and the received three-dimensional secondary field electromagnetic signals corresponding to the coordinate points of the drill hole to be detected to obtain three-dimensional electromagnetic direct digital signals corresponding to the coordinate points of the drill hole to be detected and three-dimensional secondary field electromagnetic digital signals corresponding to the coordinate points of the drill hole to be detected;
the central processing unit (1.1) is used for dividing the three-dimensional secondary field electromagnetic digital signals corresponding to the coordinate points of the drill hole to be detected by the three-dimensional electromagnetic direct digital signals corresponding to the coordinate points of the drill hole to be detected to obtain three-dimensional electromagnetic field strength data of the coordinate points of the drill hole to be detected, and then imaging the three-dimensional electromagnetic field strength data of the coordinate points of the drill hole to be detected to obtain a three-dimensional electromagnetic field imaging graph of the drill hole to be detected;
the central processing unit (1.1) is also used for drawing a drilling track graph according to track data of the induction probe (2) in the drilling hole (6) to be detected, which is obtained by the three-dimensional electronic compass (2.6);
the central processing unit (1.1) is used for processing the three-dimensional electromagnetic field imaging graph of the drill hole to be detected, finding out whether the three-dimensional electromagnetic field intensity of a certain coordinate point of the drill hole to be detected is greater than the triple mean square error of the three-dimensional electromagnetic field intensity of all coordinate points of the whole drill hole to be detected, and matching the coordinate point of the drill hole to be detected with the drill hole track graph to find out the specific water-rich position in the drill hole if the three-dimensional electromagnetic field intensity of the certain coordinate point of the drill hole to be detected is greater than the triple mean square error of the three-dimensional electromagnetic field intensity of all coordinate points of the whole drill hole to be detected;
the composite frequency electromagnetic signal is formed by compounding two or more than two frequencies of electromagnetic signals, and the three-dimensional electromagnetic field sensor (2.1) simultaneously measures electromagnetic field signals with various frequencies;
the hole opening of the drill hole has known three-dimensional coordinates, the coordinate position of each point of the drill hole is measured by using a drilling instrument, the geological condition within a certain radius is detected to the periphery of the drill hole by taking the drill hole as a round point through the detected electromagnetic signal, and the starting point of the detection is the coordinates of the drill hole;
measuring angles by using a track sensor, calculating change coordinates between measuring points according to distances between the measuring points, obtaining coordinate data of the whole drill hole by taking the coordinates of the orifice as an original point, and drawing a drill hole track graph according to the coordinate data;
the shell of the probe (2) is formed by plugging a non-metallic tube with a non-metallic material, and the three-dimensional direction of the three-dimensional electromagnetic field sensor (2.1) is consistent with the three-dimensional direction of the three-dimensional electronic compass (2.6);
the three-dimensional electromagnetic field sensor (2.1) consists of an X-axis electromagnetic field sensor (2.1.1), a Y-axis magnetic field sensor (2.1.2) and a Z-axis magnetic field sensor (2.1.3) which are respectively used for receiving electromagnetic field signals of a compass direction, a direction vertical to the compass direction and a direction horizontal to the compass direction;
the specific mode that the central processing unit (1.1) divides the three-dimensional secondary field electromagnetic digital signal corresponding to each coordinate point of the drill hole to be detected by the three-dimensional electromagnetic direct digital signal corresponding to each coordinate point of the drill hole to be detected to obtain the three-dimensional electromagnetic field intensity data of each coordinate point of the drill hole to be detected is as follows:
wherein M iskijCalculating a magnetic field signal of a certain point in a certain direction of the normalized secondary magnetic field, namely the three-dimensional electromagnetic field intensity of each coordinate point of the drill hole to be detected;
M0kijthe three-dimensional electromagnetic direct digital signal is a magnetic field signal of a certain point in a certain direction of a detected direct primary magnetic field, namely a three-dimensional electromagnetic direct digital signal corresponding to each coordinate point of a drill hole to be detected;
M1kijthe magnetic field signal of a certain point in a certain direction of the excited secondary magnetic field is detected, namely a three-dimensional secondary field electromagnetic digital signal corresponding to each coordinate point of the drill hole to be detected;
k represents a certain frequency of the 1, 2, 1.... n composite frequency, i represents x, y, z directions, and j represents 1, 2, 3, 1.. 9.. n measurement points;
the composite frequency electromagnetic signal transmitter (4) is formed by winding a multi-turn cable (4.1) on a square frame body or a circular frame body, wherein the side length of the square frame body is 10-1000 meters, and the diameter of the circular shape is 3-500 meters.
2. The apparatus for determining water-rich three-dimensional complex frequency electromagnetic surveying of earth wells according to claim 1, characterized in that: the probe (2) further comprises a first memory (2.5), a communication end of the first memory (2.5) is connected with a data storage end of the single chip microcomputer (2.3), and the first memory (2.5) is used for three-dimensional electromagnetic direct digital signals and three-dimensional secondary field electromagnetic digital signals.
3. The apparatus for determining water-rich three-dimensional complex frequency electromagnetic surveying of earth wells according to claim 1, characterized in that: the host data communication end of the singlechip (2.3) is connected with the singlechip data communication end of the central processing unit (1.1) through the first optical cable port (2.4), the optical fiber cable (3), the second optical cable port (1.6) of the on-site host (1) and the system bus (1.5) in sequence.
4. The apparatus for determining water-rich three-dimensional complex frequency electromagnetic surveying of earth wells according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the signal output end of the composite frequency electromagnetic signal driving module (1.7) is connected with the signal input end of the composite frequency electromagnetic signal transmitter (4) through a transmitting connecting cable (5).
5. The apparatus for determining water-rich three-dimensional complex frequency electromagnetic surveying of earth wells according to claim 1, characterized in that: the on-site host (1) further comprises a second memory (1.2) and a man-machine interaction device (1.3), the second memory (1.2) and the man-machine interaction device (1.3) are both connected to the system bus (1.5), the man-machine interaction device (1.3) comprises a touch screen, a display screen, a USB interface and a photoelectric knob, and the second memory (1.2) is used for storing a to-be-measured drilling hole three-dimensional electromagnetic field imaging diagram and a drilling hole track diagram generated by the central processing unit (1.1).
6. A method of three-dimensional complex frequency electromagnetic surveying using the apparatus of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step 1: arranging a plurality of composite frequency electromagnetic signal transmitters (4) in the orifice area of a drill hole (6) to be tested, arranging a probe (2) in the orifice of the drill hole (6) to be tested, and pushing the probe (2) to the bottom of the hole along each coordinate point step by step from the orifice of the drill hole (6) to be tested;
step 2: the central processing unit (1.1) controls the composite frequency electromagnetic signal driving module (1.7) to transmit a composite frequency electromagnetic signal to the drill hole (6) to be tested through the composite frequency electromagnetic signal transmitter (4);
and step 3: a three-dimensional electromagnetic field sensor (2.1) of the probe (2) receives electromagnetic direct signals corresponding to all coordinate points of the drill hole to be tested in the composite frequency electromagnetic signals at all coordinate points, three-dimensional secondary field electromagnetic signals corresponding to all coordinate points of the drill hole to be tested, which are electromagnetically excited by composite frequency, of the rock mass around the drill hole (6) to be tested, and a three-dimensional electronic compass (2.6) induces track data of the probe (2) in the drill hole to be tested (6);
and 4, step 4: the central processing unit (1.1) is used for dividing the three-dimensional secondary field electromagnetic digital signals corresponding to the coordinate points of the drill hole to be detected by the three-dimensional electromagnetic direct digital signals corresponding to the coordinate points of the drill hole to be detected to obtain three-dimensional electromagnetic field strength data of the coordinate points of the drill hole to be detected, and then imaging the three-dimensional electromagnetic field strength data of the coordinate points of the drill hole to be detected to obtain a three-dimensional electromagnetic field imaging graph of the drill hole to be detected;
the central processing unit (1.1) also draws a drilling track graph according to track data of the induction probe (2) in the drilling hole (6) to be detected, which is obtained by the three-dimensional electronic compass (2.6);
and 5: the central processing unit (1.1) processes the three-dimensional electromagnetic field imaging graph of the drill hole to be detected, finds out whether the three-dimensional electromagnetic field intensity of a certain coordinate point of the drill hole to be detected is larger than the triple mean square error of the three-dimensional electromagnetic field intensity of all coordinate points of the whole drill hole to be detected, and if so, matches the coordinate point of the drill hole to be detected with the drill hole track graph to find out the specific water-rich position in the drill hole.
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