CN104100269A - Method for improving recovery rate of thick, large and broken ore body under dangerous rock body - Google Patents
Method for improving recovery rate of thick, large and broken ore body under dangerous rock body Download PDFInfo
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- CN104100269A CN104100269A CN201410253058.7A CN201410253058A CN104100269A CN 104100269 A CN104100269 A CN 104100269A CN 201410253058 A CN201410253058 A CN 201410253058A CN 104100269 A CN104100269 A CN 104100269A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving the recovery rate of a thick, large and broken ore body under a dangerous rock body. According to the method, an ore chamber long shaft is arranged along the tilt direction of the ore body, spaced ore pillars are arranged on both sides, the ore pillars have a diameter of 4-5 meters and a spacing of 12-14 meters, the slant length of the ore chamber is determined by a scraper effective transport distance, and is generally less than 60 meters; along the ore body strike, every other 4-6 ore chambers are classified into a panel, long strip continuous ore pillars are left among panels, and width is 3-4 meters; the stage main haulage drift is a single track drift, has a cross section of 2.6*2.4 meters, is located in a bottom plate and is about 4-6 meters away from the ore body, a mine chute is digged to each ore chamber from the haulage drift side, the cross section is 2*2 meters, the length is about 5*6 meters, at the top of each mine chute, an in-vein undercutting drift is excavated closely to the lower boundary of the ore chamber along the strike. The method for improving the recovery rate of the thick, large and broken ore body under the dangerous rock body provided by the invention is safe and reliable, and has the characteristics of high production capacity, high middle level height and large mining space, thus having promotion and use value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mineral mining field, relate in particular to a kind of method that improves the thick large breaking ore body rate of extraction under Dangerous Rock Body.
Background technology
Phosphorus ore refers to the general name of the phosphoric acid salt mineral that can be utilized economically, is a kind of important chemical industry raw mineral materials.Phosphate fertilizer be can produce with it, yellow phosphorus, phosphoric acid, phosphide and other phosphoric acid salts also can be used for manufacturing, for industrial departments such as medicine, food, match, dyestuff, sugaring, pottery, national defence.Phosphorus ore is in the industrial application history of existing more than 100 year.From global range, phosphate rock resource is mainly distributed in Africa, North America, South America, Asia and the Middle East, and wherein more than 80% phosphate rock resource is concentrated and is distributed in Morocco and Western Sahara, South Africa, the U.S., China, Jordan and Russia.At present the annual rock phosphate in powder output of China is more than 6,000 ten thousand tons, far above the output of the countries such as the U.S., Morocco and Western Sahara.
China's phosphate rock resource reserves are abundant, but high-grade phosphorus ore reserves are low.China's phosphorus ore reserves occupy the 2nd, the world, are only second to Morocco and Western Sahara.China's phosphorus ore has been found out 17,600,000,000 tons of resource reserve ore amounts, is converted to 10,500,000,000 tons, mark ore deposit; P205 content is more than or equal to 16.6 hundred million tons of 30% rich phosphate rock resource reserves ore amounts (17.6 hundred million tons, mark ore deposits) if still declined according to the exploitation pattern of " adopting richness abandons poor " at present, and 20 Nian Hou China rocks phosphate in powder are exploited totally.
Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Hubei are four the abundantest provinces of China's phosphorus ore.Wherein Phosphorite In Hubei Province annual production breaks through 2,000 ten thousand tons, is the province of phosphorus ore output maximum.But the Dan Chang of Hubei Province phosphorus ore output only has 21.4 ten thousand tons, not only lower than single factory level of 63.67 ten thousand tons, Yunnan-Guizhou and 54.43 ten thousand tons, be also starkly lower than the level in average 31.86 ten thousand tons of the whole nation.It will be inexorable trend that the phosphate rock resource in following Hubei Province and the whole nation is integrated.
Because phosphorus ore resource has had certain scarcity, phenomenon is adopted in the comparatively serious unrest of domestic existence simultaneously, and little phosphate rock resource utilization rate only has 15%-30%, and the utilization rate in large ore deposit can reach 60%-80% left and right.Therefore the large province of the main phosphor resource reserves of China has all taked measure to control little phosphorate rock mining, and has also obtained certain effect, as phosphorus ore mountain, Hubei province quantity has reduced to 145 by renovating first 284.The status of phosphate rock resource is brought up to unprecedented level by " chemical industry mining industry " 12 " development plan ", requires the coming five years to set up phosphorus ore place of production resources reserve mechanism, improves phosphorate rock mining access threshold.Meanwhile, the large province of each phosphorus ore starts actively to put into effect integration plan, and phosphorus ore price also will rise on the way.
In the exploitation of phosphorus ore, high-risk quarry section ore bed is stratiform, is inclined to 115～153 °, 8～20 °, inclination angle.Ph1, Ph2 in the section of ore deposit, Ph3 merges into one deck, is domestic rare thick large phosphorus ore body, 19.19 meters of ore bed average thickness, and extreme thickness is up to 25.70 meters, and exploitation difficulty is large.Its mining methods are still a research topic at present, and from the exploitation situation of domestic and international Slowly inclined large and thick ore body, the production technique condition difference concrete according to it, generally adopts Footwall chute method, sublevel stoping, stratified filling method and cut top pillars of a house open-stope method etc.Because of stratified filling method cost higher, and ore price is low, these mining methods are uneconomical, Footwall chute method and sublevel stoping adopt that to cut engineering quantity large, can not divide and adopt again, thus the mining methods of primary election have common room-and-pillar method and a trackless equipment separate zone production cut top room-and-pillar method, due to the production capacity of common room-and-pillar method compared with low, miding level height is low, development engineering amount is large, through the mining methods in the similar mine of analogy, only have and adopt cutting top room-and-pillar method and just can better exploiting of trackless equipment separate zone production.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is just to provide in order to address the above problem a kind of method that improves the thick large breaking ore body rate of extraction under Dangerous Rock Body.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions above-mentioned purpose:
A method that improves the thick large breaking ore body rate of extraction under Dangerous Rock Body, comprises the following steps:
One, mineral building long axis ore body incline direction is arranged, width 10-15 rice, and the ore pillar of both sides spacing, ore pillar diameter is 4-5 rice, spacing 12-14 rice, mineral building plagioclase is determined by the effective haulage distance of scraper, is generally below 60 meters;
Two, divide a panel along orebody trend into every 4-6 mineral building, leave rectangular continuous ore pillar between panel, its width is 3-4 rice;
Three, stage main haulage road is single track drift, 2.6 × 2.4 meters, section, be positioned at base plate, apart from the about 4-6 rice of ore body, from a milling hole of the haulage way each mineral building digging of one side direction, 2 × 2 meters, section, is about 5 × 6 meters, at milling hole top, near the gallery that undercuts in mineral building lower limits level drive arteries and veins;
Four, produce central authorities at each mineral building and connect with top tailgate along upward incise of base plate digging, 2 × 2 meters, the section of going up a hill, the use on its pedestrian, ventilation and explosion scope of freedom when undercuting with back production;
Five, each mineral building also drives a scraper winch chamber;
Six, after completing and adopting accurate cutting work, just can start rooming, concrete back production mode is different and different from inclination angle with orebody thickness, when orebody thickness is less than 2.5-3 rice, can be by complete thick primary excavation, across pitch or reverse caster advance, and orebody thickness is in 3-3.5, should first undercut in ore body bottom, then use to eye and caunch;
Seven, undercut and when back production, must be from undercut gallery and upward incise intersection, advance with the reverse caster from bottom to top of stairstepping work plane with the shallow eye of level, make full use of two scope of freedom Slab blastings, the layer height that undercuts is 25 meters of left and right;
Eight, after whole mineral building undercuts, use again canch hole back production top ore, according to orebody thickness with above determine to borehole depth the number of plies of caunching, the direction of back production of caunching can reverse caster from bottom to top or along tilting from top to bottom, when orebody thickness is not more than 5 meters, only need choose once top, now, all canch holes can be whole layer onepull, to improve mineral building production capacity; If orebody thickness is in the time of 5-7.5 rice, the work plane that caunches forms overhand, and on base plate near the local shrink in work plane place, to drill and blast on workman station;
Nine, level undercuts with YS-45 type hammer drill, ore handling adopts two reel scraper winch of 28 kilowatts or 14 kilowatts, slusher volume 0.2-0.3 rice 3, conventionally be all to adopt along inclination scraping, to improve scraping efficiency, on milling hole, be stamped diagrid, sieve aperture is 350 × 350 millimeters, on sieve, bulk is carried out second-time breakage, and scraper-trough conveyer end opening is installed simple and easy finger door.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
The invention provides a kind of method that improves the thick large breaking ore body rate of extraction under Dangerous Rock Body, safety firm, production capacity compared with high, miding level height is high, exploitation space large, there is the value of promoting the use of.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention will be further described below:
A method that improves the thick large breaking ore body rate of extraction under Dangerous Rock Body, comprises the following steps:
One, mineral building long axis ore body incline direction is arranged, width 10-15 rice, and the ore pillar of both sides spacing, ore pillar diameter is 4-5 rice, spacing 12-14 rice, mineral building plagioclase is determined by the effective haulage distance of scraper, is generally below 60 meters;
Two, divide a panel along orebody trend into every 4-6 mineral building, leave rectangular continuous ore pillar between panel, its width is 3-4 rice;
Three, stage main haulage road is single track drift, 2.6 × 2.4 meters, section, be positioned at base plate, apart from the about 4-6 rice of ore body, from a milling hole of the haulage way each mineral building digging of one side direction, 2 × 2 meters, section, is about 5 × 6 meters, at milling hole top, near the gallery that undercuts in mineral building lower limits level drive arteries and veins;
Four, produce central authorities at each mineral building and connect with top tailgate along upward incise of base plate digging, 2 × 2 meters, the section of going up a hill, the use on its pedestrian, ventilation and explosion scope of freedom when undercuting with back production;
Five, each mineral building also drives a scraper winch chamber;
Six, after completing and adopting accurate cutting work, just can start rooming, concrete back production mode is different and different from inclination angle with orebody thickness, when orebody thickness is less than 2.5-3 rice, can be by complete thick primary excavation, across pitch or reverse caster advance, and orebody thickness is in 3-3.5, should first undercut in ore body bottom, then use to eye and caunch;
Seven, undercut and when back production, must be from undercut gallery and upward incise intersection, advance with the reverse caster from bottom to top of stairstepping work plane with the shallow eye of level, make full use of two scope of freedom Slab blastings, the layer height that undercuts is 25 meters of left and right;
Eight, after whole mineral building undercuts, use again canch hole back production top ore, according to orebody thickness with above determine to borehole depth the number of plies of caunching, the direction of back production of caunching can reverse caster from bottom to top or along tilting from top to bottom, when orebody thickness is not more than 5 meters, only need choose once top, now, all canch holes can be whole layer onepull, to improve mineral building production capacity; If orebody thickness is in the time of 5-7.5 rice, the work plane that caunches forms overhand, and on base plate near the local shrink in work plane place, to drill and blast on workman station;
Nine, level undercuts with YS-45 type hammer drill, ore handling adopts two reel scraper winch of 28 kilowatts or 14 kilowatts, slusher volume 0.2-0.3 rice 3, conventionally be all to adopt along inclination scraping, to improve scraping efficiency, on milling hole, be stamped diagrid, sieve aperture is 350 × 350 millimeters, on sieve, bulk is carried out second-time breakage, and scraper-trough conveyer end opening is installed simple and easy finger door.
In the room-and-pillar method of tinnery, institute's pillar is all short as permanent support, does not generally reclaim.By the room-and-pillar method of shallow eye ore caving when the more than 10 meters thick ore body of back production, the back production of need caunching on mineral building shrink heap, operating efficiency is not high, and due to ore removal in a large number, mineral building production capacity is restricted.In recent two decades, due to developing rapidly of the equipment such as rubber-tyred and caterpillar rock drilling, loading, haulage, in room-and-pillar method, extensively bring into use Truckless mining scheme, improve widely mineral building production capacity.
Slanting angle of ore body level of approximation, ore body thickness 16-24 rice.Ore and roof and floor country rock are all firm.When back production, first cut top, cutting headroom height is 5 meters.Use the driving jumbo (wheel tyre walking) of two-shipper or three machines to fetch water flat shallow, wheel tyre walking tower loader and 25 tons of tipping lorrys that ore removal use dipper capacity is 2.7 meter 3.In mineral building, leave the barrier pillar of regular diameter 8-10 rice.Lay to parallel deep hole from cutting the crawler jumbo that top layer uses with opencut.Collapsing lower ore galianconism power shovel and the tipping lorry of 1 meter 3 loads and transports.In order to ensure back production safety, cutting when top anchor rod with cement mortar supporting roof country rock with 2.4 meters long.In addition, also use to be a kind ofly arranged on hydraulic elevator platform on truck and to check top board, it can be elevated to more than 30 meter of eminence, and to carry out the ore recovery ratio of operation, this scheme be 82-84%.Adopt trackless rubber-tyred walking machine equipment, the inclination angle of ore body can not be greater than 5 ° of-6 ° of room-and-pillar methods and use Trackless self equipment, is not limited at thick ore body.Orebody thickness is greater than 3 meters just can use trackless equipment.If ore body is very thick, base plate inclination angle is greater than again 5 °～6 ° in order to use trackless machine instruction statement mining scheme, mineral building across pitch can be arranged, and with horizontal slice back production from top to bottom, being perverted the law in the evaluation room of room-and-pillar method is the main mining method of exploitation gently inclined deposit.
Its major advantage: (1) mining preparation work amount is little, stoping work is simple, mine timber consumption less, well-ventilated, job safety, labor productivity is higher.(2) slow due to the slanting angle of ore body, be convenient to apply high efficiency large-scale trackless extractive equipment, real inkstone mechanical mining.In recent years, appeared at room and leant on the 50 tons of dump trucks of loader-and-carry machine that use 8 meter of 3 scraper bowl in method, in underground mining method, the mechanization degree of the room-and-pillar method in the thick mineral deposit of mining of large scale and labor productivity are usually the highest.
Claims (1)
1. a method that improves the thick large breaking ore body rate of extraction under Dangerous Rock Body, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
One, mineral building long axis ore body incline direction is arranged, width 10-15 rice, and the ore pillar of both sides spacing, ore pillar diameter is 4-5 rice, spacing 12-14 rice, mineral building plagioclase is determined by the effective haulage distance of scraper, is generally below 60 meters;
Two, divide a panel along orebody trend into every 4-6 mineral building, leave rectangular continuous ore pillar between panel, its width is 3-4 rice;
Three, stage main haulage road is single track drift, 2.6 × 2.4 meters, section, be positioned at base plate, apart from the about 4-6 rice of ore body, from a milling hole of the haulage way each mineral building digging of one side direction, 2 × 2 meters, section, is about 5 × 6 meters, at milling hole top, near the gallery that undercuts in mineral building lower limits level drive arteries and veins;
Four, produce central authorities at each mineral building and connect with top tailgate along upward incise of base plate digging, 2 × 2 meters, the section of going up a hill, the use on its pedestrian, ventilation and explosion scope of freedom when undercuting with back production;
Five, each mineral building also drives a scraper winch chamber;
Six, after completing and adopting accurate cutting work, just can start rooming, concrete back production mode is different and different from inclination angle with orebody thickness, when orebody thickness is less than 2.5-3 rice, can be by complete thick primary excavation, across pitch or reverse caster advance, and orebody thickness is in 3-3.5, should first undercut in ore body bottom, then use to eye and caunch;
Seven, undercut and when back production, must be from undercut gallery and upward incise intersection, advance with the reverse caster from bottom to top of stairstepping work plane with the shallow eye of level, make full use of two scope of freedom Slab blastings, the layer height that undercuts is 25 meters of left and right;
Eight, after whole mineral building undercuts, use again canch hole back production top ore, according to orebody thickness with above determine to borehole depth the number of plies of caunching, the direction of back production of caunching can reverse caster from bottom to top or along tilting from top to bottom, when orebody thickness is not more than 5 meters, only need choose once top, now, all canch holes can be whole layer onepull, to improve mineral building production capacity; If orebody thickness is in the time of 5-7.5 rice, the work plane that caunches forms overhand, and on base plate near the local shrink in work plane place, to drill and blast on workman station;
Nine, level undercuts with YS-45 type hammer drill, ore handling adopts two reel scraper winch of 28 kilowatts or 14 kilowatts, slusher volume 0.2-0.3 rice 3, conventionally be all to adopt along inclination scraping, to improve scraping efficiency, on milling hole, be stamped diagrid, sieve aperture is 350 × 350 millimeters, on sieve, bulk is carried out second-time breakage, and scraper-trough conveyer end opening is installed simple and easy finger door.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN87100375A (en) * | 1987-01-20 | 1987-07-15 | 吴振虎 | Strip caving open stopping method and equipment |
| CN102518438A (en) * | 2012-01-06 | 2012-06-27 | 中南大学 | Roof regeneration medium-length hole ore blast backfill mining method |
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2014
- 2014-06-10 CN CN201410253058.7A patent/CN104100269A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN87100375A (en) * | 1987-01-20 | 1987-07-15 | 吴振虎 | Strip caving open stopping method and equipment |
| CN102518438A (en) * | 2012-01-06 | 2012-06-27 | 中南大学 | Roof regeneration medium-length hole ore blast backfill mining method |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 周建昌等: "宜昌神农磷矿采矿方法探讨", 《化工矿山技术》 * |
| 李广才: "《采选概论》", 31 July 1979, 北京:冶金工业出版社 * |
| 穆江: "分层开采的切顶房柱法在磨坊矿的应用", 《矿业研究与开发》 * |
| 罗亮: "间隔矿柱中深孔房柱法和条带式矿柱浅孔房柱法开采缓倾斜中厚两层矿矿体", 《化工矿业加工》 * |
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Application publication date: 20141015 |