CN104098232B - A kind of assembled aerobic-anaerobic artificial wet land system - Google Patents
A kind of assembled aerobic-anaerobic artificial wet land system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104098232B CN104098232B CN201410375802.0A CN201410375802A CN104098232B CN 104098232 B CN104098232 B CN 104098232B CN 201410375802 A CN201410375802 A CN 201410375802A CN 104098232 B CN104098232 B CN 104098232B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- immobilized microorganism
- artificial
- gravel
- cell body
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Landscapes
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of assembled aerobic-anaerobic artificial wet land system, including artificial swamp pond, inlet pipeline, aerator, water unit and immobilized microorganism plate, the most totally 5 layers of artificial swamp pond, is followed successively by: gravel layer, the first immobilized microorganism layer, artificial mixed-matrix layer, the second immobilized microorganism layer and rubble layer；Gravel layer is provided with inlet pipeline；First immobilized microorganism layer and the second immobilized microorganism layer are mounted on immobilized microorganism plate, install aerator bottom the first immobilized microorganism layer；Water unit is made up of apopore, water leg and water leg drain pipe；Artificial swamp pond is mainly made up of top cell body, middle cell body and bottom cell body three part, and artificial swamp pond uses steel plate materials to build.Present invention have the advantage that: immobilized microorganism, microorganism aerobic anaerobic treatment are organically combined with artificial swamp, strengthens the effect of microorganism in artificial swamp.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sewage treatment area, more specifically to a kind of assembled aerobic-anaerobic artificial wet land system.
Background technology
Artificial swamp is that a kind of Novel sewage that 20 century 70s grow up processes technique, and he utilizes the triple synergism of the physics in natural system, chemistry and biology to realize dirty water purification.Constructed wetland waste water treatment technology has high treating effect, removal efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus is high, during-operation service convenient, engineering capital construction and the advantage such as running expense is low, thus is widely applied to sanitary sewage disposal, Industrial Waste Water Treatments with, mine and oil exploitation, agricultural point source and pollution of area source and body eutrophication issue handling.
Traditional activated sludge process is applied widely in sewage disposal, it is primarily due in activated sludge containing substantial amounts of active microorganism, the Organic substance in sewage can be fast and effeciently removed in these microorganisms, and have good Nitrogen/Phosphorus Removal, but traditional activated sludge process mud is blended in sewage and is in a kind of fluidised form.At present, obtain immobilized microorganism technology paying close attention to widely, such as Patent No. both at home and abroad: 200910056687.X patent specification describes a kind of immobilized microorganism preparation method；Immobilized microorganism is mainly characterized by Microorganism incubation and becomes a kind of solid-state, is placed in sewage and has fixing shape, and microorganism not loss of activity, has good wastewater treatment efficiency.
Artificial swamp is longer compared to other traditional sewage treatment process hydraulic detention times at sewage treatment process, other harmful substances such as Organic substance in the sewage of artificial swamp, nitrogen phosphorus are mainly removed by the adsorption of filtrate, filtrate gap can be adsorbed a small amount of microorganism, microorganism can remove the Organic substance in sewage and nitrogen phosphorus by self-acting, but the less therefore microbial action of content of microorganisms in filtrate is limited, the free state microorganism of excess is easily caused filter clogging.
Immobilized microorganism is mainly applied in artificial wet land system by the present invention, microorganism also has aerobic and anaerobism alternate environment, increases microbial action effect, simultaneously because microorganism is in immobilized state, the most it is not easily caused artificial swamp blocking, improves the wastewater treatment efficiency that artificial swamp is overall.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to, it is provided that a kind of assembled aerobic-anaerobic artificial wet land system, immobilized microorganism, microorganism aerobic anaerobic treatment and artificial swamp are organically combined by native system.Use native system can be effectively improved the wastewater treatment efficiency of artificial swamp；For reaching above-mentioned purpose, present invention employs following technical scheme:
A kind of assembled aerobic-anaerobic artificial wet land system, including artificial swamp pond, inlet pipeline, aerator and water unit, also include immobilized microorganism plate, the most totally 5 layers of described artificial swamp pond, is followed successively by: gravel layer, the first immobilized microorganism layer, artificial mixed-matrix layer, the second immobilized microorganism layer and rubble layer；Described gravel layer is provided with the inlet pipeline being made up of water inlet pipe and water distribution branch pipe, and water inlet pipe passes pool wall, and water inlet pipe is provided with Liquid valve and fluid flowmeter；The first described immobilized microorganism layer and the second immobilized microorganism layer are mounted on immobilized microorganism plate, bottom first immobilized microorganism layer, the aerator being made up of aeration house steward and aeration branch pipe is installed, aeration house steward passes pool wall, gas valve and gas flowmeter are installed on aeration house steward, between first immobilized microorganism layer and gravel layer, steel wire is set, between the second immobilized microorganism layer and artificial mixed-matrix layer, is provided with steel wire；Described water unit is made up of apopore, water leg and water leg drain pipe, installs filter, water unit and water inlet pipe place pool wall opposition at apopore, and water leg drain pipe is arranged on upper end, artificial swamp pond；Described artificial swamp pond is mainly made up of top cell body, middle cell body and bottom cell body three part, it is provided with tang bottom the cell body pool wall of top, middle cell body pool wall top is provided with groove and bottom is provided with tang, cell body pool wall top, bottom is provided with groove, matches between tang and the groove of each portion cell body；Described artificial swamp pond uses steel plate materials to build.
Described immobilized microorganism plate is made by mixing with chemical agent to be put on after the first-class activated sludge of template is done to be fixed in template by activated sludge；Immobilized microorganism plate thickness is 4cm ~ 7cm, a length of 40cm ~ 60cm, a width of 20cm ~ 40cm；Immobilized microorganism plate is provided with 4 fixing feet.
The first described immobilized microorganism layer vertical direction installs 2 ~ 3 layers of immobilized microorganism plate, first immobilized microorganism layer height is 35cm ~ 40cm, installing 2 ~ 3 layers of immobilized microorganism plate on second immobilized microorganism layer vertical direction, the second immobilized microorganism layer height is 20cm ~ 30cm.
Described gravel layer grain size of gravel from top to bottom diminishes successively, and the superiors' grain size of gravel is 3cm ~ 4cm, and gravel layer orlop grain size of gravel is 1cm ~ 2cm, and gravel layer height is 25cm ~ 35cm.
The particle diameter that described artificial mixed-matrix layer uses cinder and zeolite to press 1.2:1 volume mixture, cinder and zeolite is 7mm ~ 10mm, and artificial mixed-matrix layer height is 25cm ~ 30cm.
Described rubble layer selects limestone, and particle diameter is 2mm ~ 5mm, and height is 25cm ~ 35cm.
Described steel wire is connected by bayonet socket and draw-in groove with pool wall in artificial swamp pond, and steel wire mesh aperture is less than 7mm.
Described water inlet pipe, water distribution branch pipe, aeration house steward and aeration branch pipe all use pvc pipe.
Present invention have the advantage that: device can assemble and be readily transported and install, immobilized microorganism, microorganism aerobic anaerobic treatment are organically combined with artificial swamp, strengthens the effect of microorganism in artificial swamp, be effectively improved wastewater treatment efficiency, floor space is little, and cost of investment is low.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is A-A profile of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is B-B profile of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is C-C profile of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is D-D profile of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is E of the present invention, i.e. steel wire junction, enlarged drawing.
Wherein, 1, artificial swamp pond；2, gravel；3, artificial mixed-matrix；4, steel wire；5, immobilized microorganism plate；6, limestone；7, water leg；8, water leg drain pipe；9, apopore；10-a, aeration house steward；10-b, water inlet pipe；11-a, gas valve；11-b, Liquid valve；12-a, gas flowmeter；12-b, fluid flowmeter；13-a, aeration branch pipe；13-b, water distribution branch pipe；14, bayonet socket；15, draw-in groove.
Detailed description of the invention
With the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further detailed explanation below:
As shown in Fig. 14, a kind of assembled aerobic-anaerobic artificial wet land system, including artificial swamp pond 1, inlet pipeline, aerator and water unit, also include immobilized microorganism plate 5, the most totally 5 layers of described artificial swamp pond, is followed successively by: gravel layer, the first immobilized microorganism layer, artificial mixed-matrix layer, the second immobilized microorganism layer and rubble layer；Gravel layer is provided with the inlet pipeline being made up of water inlet pipe 10-b and water distribution branch pipe 13-b, and water inlet pipe 10-b passes pool wall, and water inlet pipe 10-b is provided with Liquid valve 11-b and fluid flowmeter 12-b；Water inlet pipe 10-b is connected with source of sewage water, and sewage is controlled flow of inlet water by water inlet pipe 10-b by Liquid valve 11-b and fluid flowmeter 12-b, is evenly distributed on pond from water distribution branch pipe 13-b；First immobilized microorganism layer and the second immobilized microorganism layer are mounted on immobilized microorganism plate 5, the aerator being made up of aeration house steward 10-a and aeration branch pipe 13-a is installed bottom the first immobilization layer, aeration house steward 10-a passes pool wall, gas valve 11-a and gas flowmeter 12-a is installed on aeration house steward 10-a, aeration house steward 10-a is with aerogenesis apparatus by managing to being connected, and gas flowmeter 12-a and gas valve 11-a can control aeration rate；Steel wire 4 is set between first immobilized microorganism layer and gravel layer, mainly prevents gravel 2 from spilling, be provided with steel wire 4 between the second immobilized microorganism layer and artificial mixed-matrix layer, mainly artificial mixed-matrix 3 separated with immobilized microorganism plate 5；Water unit is made up of apopore 9, water leg 7 and water leg drain pipe 8, installs filter at apopore, prevents small particle rubble from revealing from apopore, and water unit and water inlet pipe place pool wall opposition, water leg drain pipe is arranged on upper end, artificial swamp pond；Sewage by water distribution branch pipe 13-b flow out pass sequentially through gravel 2 filter, microorganism aerobic process, artificial mixed-matrix 3 filter, microbiological anaerobic process, rubble 6 filter after flow out to water leg 7 from apopore 9, water leg drain pipe 8 from water leg 7 flows out again, realize the processing procedure of whole device, in whole technique, sewage have passed through the filtration of gravel and removes substantial amounts of SS, subsequently enter the first immobilized microorganism layer under the aeration environment of aeration tube, carry out aerobic respiration, consume substantial amounts of Organic substance, by NH3-N changes into NO3-N, then filter through artificial mixed-matrix layer, the filtrate after filtration enters the second immobilized microorganism layer, by substantial amounts of NO in microbiological anaerobic environment3-N changes into N2Release, is effectively increased nitric efficiency；Described artificial swamp pond 1 is mainly made up of top cell body 1-a, middle cell body 1-b and bottom cell body 1-c tri-part, it is provided with tang bottom the cell body 1-a pool wall of top, middle cell body 1-b pool wall top is provided with groove and bottom is provided with tang, cell body 1-c pool wall top, bottom is provided with groove, matches between tang and the groove of each portion cell body；The quantity of middle cell body can be increased or decreased according to actual needs；Described artificial swamp pond uses steel plate materials to build, and adds pad and can prevent from leaking during installation between tang and groove, and whole device is readily transported.
Wherein；Described immobilized microorganism plate is made by mixing with chemical agent to be put on after the first-class activated sludge of template is done to be fixed in template by activated sludge；Immobilized microorganism plate 5 thickness is 4cm ~ 7cm, a length of 40cm ~ 60cm, a width of 20cm ~ 40cm；Immobilized microorganism plate is provided with 4 fixing feet, it is simple to fixes with cell body and is connected.In pond, immobilized microorganism layer vertical direction installs 2 ~ 3 layers of immobilized microorganism plate 5, and immobilized microorganism layer height is 35cm ~ 40cm.
Described gravel layer grain size of gravel from top to bottom diminishes successively, and the superiors' gravel 2 particle diameter is 3cm ~ 4cm, and gravel layer orlop gravel 2 particle diameter is 1cm ~ 2cm, and gravel layer height is 25cm ~ 35cm.
The particle diameter that artificial mixed-matrix layer uses cinder and zeolite to press 1.2:1 volume mixture, cinder and zeolite is 7mm ~ 10mm, and artificial mixed-matrix layer height is 25cm ~ 30cm.
Rubble layer selects limestone 6, and limestone 6 phosphor-removing effect is good, and using limestone 6 particle diameter is 2mm ~ 5mm, and rubble layer height is 25cm ~ 35cm.
As shown in Figure 6, described steel wire 4 is connected by bayonet socket 14 and draw-in groove 15 with pool wall in artificial swamp pond 1, and steel wire 4 mesh aperture is less than 7mm.
Inlet pipeline as shown in Figure 5, water inlet pipe 10-b, water distribution branch pipe 13-b, aeration house steward 10-a and aeration branch pipe 13-a all use pvc pipe.
Embodiment
In a preferred embodiment, the long 1.5m of artificial swamp cell body, wide 1.2m, high 1.2m；Gravel layer top layer selects the gravel selecting 1cm ~ 2cm bottom the gravel of 3cm ~ 4cm, and gravel thickness 30cm, inlet pipeline is arranged in gravel layer；The artificial artificial mixed-matrix of mixed-matrix layer selects 7mm ~ 10mm, artificial mixed-matrix thickness 30cm, and limestone selects particle diameter to be 2mm ~ 5mm, rubble thickness 25cm；First immobilized microorganism layer installs 2 layers of immobilized microorganism plate the most altogether, install 4 pieces for every layer, second immobilized microorganism layer installs 2 layers of immobilized microorganism plate the most altogether, install 4 pieces for every layer, every piece of immobilized microorganism board size: length × width × height: 40cm × 25cm × 6cm, aerator is arranged on artificial mixed-matrix layer upper end, immobilized microorganism plate lower end, and aeration branch pipe uses micro-pore aeration；Inflow is 0.1m3/ h, aeration rate is 0.5 ~ 0.8m3/ h, hydraulic detention time is about 20h.
Once form is that this embodiment carries out the experimental data that sewage disposal detection draws:
By upper table it appeared that: artificial wetland effluent water quality is highly stable, TN clearance reaches more than 85%, other kinds pollutants removal rate all can reach more than 80% clearance, reaches one-level emission standard A in " municipal sewage plant's pollutant emission standard " (GB18918-2002).
Claims (8)
1. an assembled aerobic-anaerobic artificial wet land system, including artificial swamp pond, inlet pipeline, aerator and water unit, it is characterized in that, also include immobilized microorganism plate, the most totally 5 layers of described artificial swamp pond, is followed successively by: gravel layer, the first immobilized microorganism layer, artificial mixed-matrix layer, the second immobilized microorganism layer and rubble layer；Described gravel layer is provided with the inlet pipeline being made up of water inlet pipe and water distribution branch pipe, and water inlet pipe passes pool wall, and water inlet pipe is provided with Liquid valve and fluid flowmeter；The first described immobilized microorganism layer and the second immobilized microorganism layer are mounted on immobilized microorganism plate, bottom first immobilized microorganism layer, the aerator being made up of aeration house steward and aeration branch pipe is installed, aeration house steward passes pool wall, gas valve and gas flowmeter are installed on aeration house steward, between first immobilized microorganism layer and gravel layer, steel wire is set, between the second immobilized microorganism layer and artificial mixed-matrix layer, is provided with steel wire；Described water unit is made up of apopore, water leg and water leg drain pipe, installs filter, water unit and water inlet pipe place pool wall opposition at apopore, and water leg drain pipe is arranged on upper end, artificial swamp pond；Described artificial swamp pond is mainly made up of top cell body, middle cell body and bottom cell body three part, it is provided with tang bottom the cell body pool wall of top, middle cell body pool wall top is provided with groove and bottom is provided with tang, cell body pool wall top, bottom is provided with groove, matches between tang and the groove of each portion cell body；Described artificial swamp pond uses steel plate materials to build.
A kind of assembled aerobic-anaerobic artificial wet land system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described immobilized microorganism plate is made by mixing with chemical agent to be put on after the first-class activated sludge of template is done to be fixed in template by activated sludge；Immobilized microorganism plate thickness is 4cm ~ 7cm, a length of 40cm ~ 60cm, a width of 20cm ~ 40cm；Immobilized microorganism plate is provided with 4 fixing feet.
A kind of assembled aerobic-anaerobic artificial wet land system the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, the first described immobilized microorganism layer vertical direction installs 2 ~ 3 layers of immobilized microorganism plate, first immobilized microorganism layer height is 35cm ~ 40cm, installing 2 ~ 3 layers of immobilized microorganism plate on second immobilized microorganism layer vertical direction, the second immobilized microorganism layer height is 20cm ~ 30cm.
A kind of assembled aerobic-anaerobic artificial wet land system the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described gravel layer grain size of gravel from top to bottom diminishes successively, and the superiors' grain size of gravel is 3cm ~ 4cm, gravel layer orlop grain size of gravel is 1cm ~ 2cm, and gravel layer height is 25cm ~ 35cm.
A kind of assembled aerobic-anaerobic artificial wet land system the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, the particle diameter that described artificial mixed-matrix layer uses cinder and zeolite to press 1.2:1 volume mixture, cinder and zeolite is 7mm ~ 10mm, and artificial mixed-matrix layer height is 25cm ~ 30cm.
A kind of assembled aerobic-anaerobic artificial wet land system the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that described rubble layer selects limestone, and particle diameter is 2mm ~ 5mm, and height is 25cm ~ 35cm.
A kind of assembled aerobic-anaerobic artificial wet land system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described steel wire is connected by bayonet socket and draw-in groove with pool wall in artificial swamp pond, and steel wire mesh aperture is less than 7mm.
A kind of assembled aerobic-anaerobic artificial wet land system the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that described water inlet pipe, water distribution branch pipe, aeration house steward and aeration branch pipe all use pvc pipe.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410375802.0A CN104098232B (en) | 2014-08-01 | 2014-08-01 | A kind of assembled aerobic-anaerobic artificial wet land system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410375802.0A CN104098232B (en) | 2014-08-01 | 2014-08-01 | A kind of assembled aerobic-anaerobic artificial wet land system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104098232A CN104098232A (en) | 2014-10-15 |
| CN104098232B true CN104098232B (en) | 2016-08-31 |
Family
ID=51666828
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410375802.0A Active CN104098232B (en) | 2014-08-01 | 2014-08-01 | A kind of assembled aerobic-anaerobic artificial wet land system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN104098232B (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106001079A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-10-12 | 李晶晶 | Treating pond for lead contaminated soil |
| CN106216388A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-12-14 | 宁国市渠源净水设备有限公司 | The equipment of purifying arsenic contamination soil |
| CN106216369A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-12-14 | 宁国市渠源净水设备有限公司 | The process pond of the soil of copper staining |
| CN106001078A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-10-12 | 宁国市渠源净水设备有限公司 | Equipment for remediating cobalt-polluted soil |
| CN106180178A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-12-07 | 宁国市渠源净水设备有限公司 | The device of cadmium pollution soil repair |
| CN106040730A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-10-26 | 许邦祥 | Soil treatment device for mercury pollution |
| CN106216389A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-12-14 | 宁国市渠源净水设备有限公司 | A kind of device repairing selenium contamination soil |
| CN114477454B (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2023-03-14 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Assembled constructed wetland system |
-
2014
- 2014-08-01 CN CN201410375802.0A patent/CN104098232B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104098232A (en) | 2014-10-15 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN104098232B (en) | A kind of assembled aerobic-anaerobic artificial wet land system | |
| CN104098231B (en) | A kind of immobilized microorganism artificial wet land system | |
| CN104761107A (en) | Irrigated area domestic wastewater activated iron-anaerobe coupling strengthening and nitrogen and phosphorus removal device | |
| CN104098179B (en) | Assembly type aerobic-anaerobic immobilized microorganism sewage-treatment plant | |
| CN104085998B (en) | A kind of artificial wet land system that strengthens microbial action | |
| CN104085993B (en) | A kind of constructed wetland device | |
| CN104098230B (en) | A kind of assembly type immobilized microorganism artificial wet land system | |
| CN104085994B (en) | Constructed wetland device | |
| CN104118941B (en) | A kind of high-efficient denitrification and dephosphorization constructed wetland device | |
| CN104085995B (en) | A kind of artificial wet land system for having an insulation effect | |
| CN104086058B (en) | Aerobic-anaerobic artificial wet land system | |
| CN104085999B (en) | A kind of sectional artificial wet land system | |
| CN104086055B (en) | A kind of assembly type waste disposal plant | |
| CN207192930U (en) | A kind of device that black-odor riverway is administered using intensive aeration artificial swamp coupling technique dystopy | |
| CN104086059B (en) | A kind of artificial wet land system | |
| CN104085992B (en) | A kind of sewage treatment process with warming solar energy effect | |
| CN104118942B (en) | A kind of sewage treatment process | |
| CN104098180B (en) | A kind of aerobic-anaerobic immobilized microorganism waste disposal plant | |
| CN104086057B (en) | The waste disposal plant that immobilized microorganism is combined with artificial swamp | |
| CN104086056B (en) | A kind of waste disposal plant | |
| CN104085996B (en) | Assembled strengthens the constructed wetland device of microbial action | |
| CN104085997B (en) | A kind of sewage treatment process having insulation effect | |
| CN104098184B (en) | A kind of solar energy artificial wet land system | |
| CN104098185B (en) | Assembly type and have the constructed wetland device of insulation effect | |
| CN104098186B (en) | A kind of immobilized microorganism sewage treatment process |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C41 | Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model | ||
| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information |
Inventor after: Yan Feng Inventor before: Xie Zhong |
|
| COR | Change of bibliographic data | ||
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right |
Effective date of registration: 20160801 Address after: High tech Zone Henan city Zhengzhou province 450000 bamboo Street No. 1 Building No. 30 corporate headquarters base Applicant after: Henan Great Environment Protection Co., Ltd. Address before: 244000 Anhui city of Tongling province Wu Song Dong Cun, Tongguanshan District Applicant before: Xie Zhong |
|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CP03 | Change of name, title or address |
Address after: 450004 building 30, headquarters enterprise base, No.1 Cuizhu street, high tech Industrial Development Zone, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province Patentee after: Geweite Ecological Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 450000 building 30, headquarters enterprise base, No.1 Cuizhu street, high tech Zone, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province Patentee before: Henan Great Environment Protection Co.,Ltd. |
|
| CP03 | Change of name, title or address |