CN104097496A - 用于运行混合动力车辆的方法 - Google Patents

用于运行混合动力车辆的方法 Download PDF

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CN104097496A
CN104097496A CN201410108625.XA CN201410108625A CN104097496A CN 104097496 A CN104097496 A CN 104097496A CN 201410108625 A CN201410108625 A CN 201410108625A CN 104097496 A CN104097496 A CN 104097496A
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electrically powered
motor vehicle
vehicle driven
mixed power
power
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CN104097496B (zh
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M·罗斯
M·古灵
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Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44Series-parallel type
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/52Driving a plurality of drive axles, e.g. four-wheel drive
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4825Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox input shaft
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2510/00Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2510/06Combustion engines, Gas turbines
    • B60W2510/0666Engine power
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2510/00Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2510/08Electric propulsion units
    • B60W2510/085Power
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62Hybrid vehicles
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor

Abstract

本发明涉及用于运行混合动力车辆的方法,该混合动力车辆具有内燃发动机和第一电动机器,该内燃发动机和该第一电动机器被指配了变速器的共用的输入轴以用于驱动该混合动力车辆的第一车桥;并且该混合动力车辆具有第二电动机器以用于驱动该混合动力车辆的第二车桥;并且此外该混合动力车辆具有用于这两个电动机器的牵引用电池,该牵引用电池可以在该第一电动机器处于发电机模式时被充电。在所述类型的方法中,根据本发明提供的是,这些电动机器具有的总功率大于该内燃发动机的功率,在该混合动力车辆是专有地由内燃发动机驱动的运行状态中,该第一电动机器是以发电机模式运行的。根据本发明的方法通过高的电动化水平确保了车辆长的电动行驶里程。

Description

用于运行混合动力车辆的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于运行混合动力车辆的方法,其中该混合动力车辆具有一台内燃发动机和一台第一电动机器,对该内燃发动机和该第一电动机器指配了变速器的一个共用的输入轴以用于驱动该混合动力车辆的第一车桥;并且该混合动力车辆具有一台第二电动机器以用于驱动该混合动力车辆的第二车桥;并且此外该混合动力车辆具有用于这两个电动机器的牵引用电池,其中该牵引用电池可以在该第一电动机器处于发电机模式时进行充电。
背景技术
一种所述类型的混合动力车辆是并行式混合动力车辆。在所述类型的混合动力车辆的情况下,内燃发动机和电动机器(在以上情况中,内燃发动机被指配给第一车桥并且该电动机器被指配给第一车桥)作用于一个共用的传动系。因此,至少在一种运行状态下,所述多个驱动器的力或扭矩是同时可供使用的。
引言中所述类型的方法是从US2009/0093336A1中已知的。DE102011000609A1描述了一种类似方法。
本发明的目的是进一步发展一种用于运行引言中所述类型的混合动力车辆的方法,从而通过高的电动化水平来确保车辆的长的电动行进路程。
发明内容
实现该目的在于,这些电动机器具有的总功率大于该内燃发动机的功率,其中,在该混合动力车辆是专有地由内燃发动机驱动的运行状态中,该第一电动机器是以发电机模式运行的。
根据本发明的方法使之有可能将指定的混合动力车辆运行成该混合动力车辆可以通过纯电动的方式走很长的距离。在此,需要时,内燃发动机驱动该电动机器(该电动机器是作为发电机运行的)以便对该牵引用电池再次充电。此外,在所述类型的混合动力车辆中,有可能使内燃发动机始终根据车辆速度来运行。这样允许一种人们熟悉的运动驾驶体验。
在此,所述类型的混合动力车辆的运行策略提供了牵引用电池的最小充电状态,其中,这尤其是牵引用电池的一种相对高的最小充电状态。因此当混合动力车辆是由内燃发动机来进行驱动时仅有相对少的电力可供使用。因此在有临时性动力需求的情况下必需使用一种始终作为电动机运行的电动机器。为此目的,在牵引用电池中必须有足够的电能可供使用。因此,在混合动力车辆是专有地由内燃发动机驱动的时间段中,该电动机器是作为发电机来运行以便对电能储存器再次充电。不必在混合动力车辆专有地由内燃发动机驱动的整个时间段上都将该电动机器运行为发电机。
由于这些电动机器具有的总功率大于内燃发动机的功率,混合动力车辆就可能以高的电动化水平来运行。在此,在电动驱动模式中,应该努力寻找以便实现的是,该牵引用电池仅被放电至基本的充电状态,这是因为在随后的用内燃发动机来提供驱动的运行中,该内燃发动机仅有相对少量的驱动功率是可供使用的,并且因此对于临时性动力需求峰值而言,必需例如为加速而相对频繁地提供电动辅助。为了允许这一点,必须在多个加速过程之间通过内燃发动机来执行再次充电,以便将该牵引用电池的充电状态保持恒定在平均水平上。
根据本发明的方法确保混合动力车辆的良好的总体效率,甚至在由内燃发动机提供驱动的运行时也是如此。例如,从有待执行的换档过程方面,就有可能在由内燃发动机提供驱动的运行中有一种人们熟悉的运动驾驶体验。内燃发动机和变速器可以是以一种不太昂贵的方式从例如带有前部横置发动机构形的紧凑型车辆的批量生产的结构设备中来选择定的。
从牵引用电池的高的电动化水平方面而言,所述牵引用电池应该具有相应大的尺寸。
牵引用电池可以优选地通过连接到一个固定供电网络来进行充电。在此方面,混合动力车辆另外具有到一种固定供电网络的连接(插入式)。
在一种用于运行混合动力车辆的特定方法中,提供的是该第一电动机器的最大功率约为90kW,具体为90kW,并且第二电动机器的最大功率约为90kW,具体为90kW,并且此外内燃发动机的最大功率约为160kW,具体为162kW。这样一个功率水平例如是通过4缸内燃发动机产生的,该内燃发动机具有1.4l的排量。用于容纳用于内燃发动机的燃料的油箱例如具有约45l的油箱容积,所述油箱被安排在前桥区域中并且因此在这一个电动机器的区域中。
电动机器的功率,并且因此是这两个电动机器的功率因而是大于内燃发动机的功率的。

Claims (6)

1.一种用于运行混合动力车辆的方法,其中该混合动力车辆具有一台内燃发动机和一个第一电动机器,该内燃发动机和该第一电动机器被指配了一个变速器的一个共用的输入轴以用于驱动该混合动力车辆的一个第一车桥;并且该混合动力车辆具有一个第二电动机器以用于驱动该混合动力车辆的一个第二车桥;并且此外该混合动力车辆具有用于这两个电动机器的一个牵引用电池,其中该牵引用电池能够在该第一电动机器处于一种发电机模式时被充电,其特征在于这些电动机器具有的总功率大于该内燃发动机的功率,其中,在该混合动力车辆是专有地由内燃发动机驱动的运行状态中,该第一电动机器是以该发电机模式运行的。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于该混合动力车辆是以该牵引用电池的一种相对高的最小充电状态来运行的。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于这两个电动机器具有约180kW的总功率并且该内燃发动机具有约160kW的功率。
4.如权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于各个电动机器的功率约为90kW。
5.如权利要求1至4之一所述的方法,其特征在于用于运行这些电动机器的这个牵引用电池具有大的尺寸。
6.如权利要求1至5之一所述的方法,其特征在于该牵引用电池可以借助连接到一个固定供电网络的来进行充电。
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