CN104096856A - 一种车削加工组件 - Google Patents

一种车削加工组件 Download PDF

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CN104096856A
CN104096856A CN201410313896.9A CN201410313896A CN104096856A CN 104096856 A CN104096856 A CN 104096856A CN 201410313896 A CN201410313896 A CN 201410313896A CN 104096856 A CN104096856 A CN 104096856A
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turning
profiling
turning tool
profile
feeding amount
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CN104096856B (zh
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王春望
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Guangdong Gaohang Intellectual Property Operation Co ltd
Guangzhou Xinyonglong Speical Equipment Co ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23BTURNING; BORING
    • B23B3/00General-purpose turning-machines or devices, e.g. centre lathes with feed rod and lead screw; Sets of turning-machines
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23BTURNING; BORING
    • B23B5/00Turning-machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor
    • B23B5/08Turning-machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor for turning axles, bars, rods, tubes, rolls, i.e. shaft-turning lathes, roll lathes; Centreless turning
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q35/00Control systems or devices for copying directly from a pattern or a master model; Devices for use in copying manually
    • B23Q35/04Control systems or devices for copying directly from a pattern or a master model; Devices for use in copying manually using a feeler or the like travelling along the outline of the pattern, model or drawing; Feelers, patterns, or models therefor
    • B23Q35/42Patterns; Masters models
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q2735/00Control systems or devices for copying from a pattern or master model
    • B23Q2735/02Means for transforming movement of the feeler into feed movement of tool or work
    • B23Q2735/025Means for transforming movement of the feeler into feed movement of tool or work in a lathe

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Turning (AREA)

Abstract

一种车削加工组件,用于车削轴类零件,其包括靠模机构、车刀、车刀纵向行走装置(71)、以及纵向导杆(72),、车刀纵向行走装置(71)用于带动车刀沿着所述纵向导杆(72)纵向运动,并且所述车刀纵向行走装置(71)还允许车刀相对于车刀纵向行走装置(71)和纵向导杆(72)作横向相对运动;所述靠模机构设置有首次加工仿形轮廓(11)、再次加工仿形轮廓(12)以及靠模轮廓配合行走机构(13),靠模轮廓配合行走机构(13)用于联接在刀具和靠模机构之间,并且包括行走轮(131)以与靠模机构的所述轮廓配合。

Description

一种车削加工组件
技术领域
本发明涉及工件的切削加工领域,尤其是一种靠模机构。
背景技术
仿形加工是以预先制成的靠模为依据,加工时在一定压力作用下,触头与靠模工作表面紧密接触,并沿其表面移动,通过仿形机构,使刀具作同步仿形动作,从而在零件毛坯上加工出与靠模相同型面的零件。 仿形加工是对各种零件,特别是模具零件的型腔或型面进行切削加工的重要方法之一。常用的仿形加工有仿形车削、仿形铣削、仿形刨削和仿形磨削等。
但是仿形加工具有缺点。其对于工件的加工形状往往取决于其仿形靠模的形状。而对于弯曲度较大的工件,由于其吃到量变化较大,形状的曲率较大,仅仅依靠靠模的仿形形状是难以达到需要的加工质量的。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种仿形加工的车削技术方案,其能够满足大曲率、弯曲变化较大的工件的形状加工需要。
一种车削加工组件,用于车削轴类零件,其包括靠模机构、车刀、车刀纵向行走装置、以及纵向导杆,、车刀纵向行走装置用于带动车刀沿着所述纵向导杆纵向运动,并且所述车刀纵向行走装置还允许车刀相对于车刀纵向行走装置和纵向导杆作横向相对运动;所述靠模机构设置有首次加工仿形轮廓、再次加工仿形轮廓以及靠模轮廓配合行走机构,靠模轮廓配合行走机构用于联接在刀具和靠模机构之间,并且包括行走轮以与靠模机构的所述轮廓配合,首次加工仿形轮廓用于在第一道次加工时控制车刀的第一横向进给量,所述再次加工仿形轮廓用于在第二道次加工时控制车刀的剩余横向进给量,第一横向进给量与剩余横向进给量之和为总横向进给量,所述总横向进给量能够表征工件的初始形态与最终形态之差;
所述首次加工仿形轮廓和再次加工仿形轮廓对于所述轴类零件车削过程中的横向进给量控制满足下式:
Smax=Sq·(1+E%)
Smin=Sq·(1-E%)
其中,
Zmax表示在轴类零件车削的过程中最大的总横向进给量;
Zmin表示在轴类零件车削的过程中最小的总横向进给量;
Smax表示在轴类零件车削的过程中总横向进给量最大位置处的剩余横向进给量;
Smin表示在轴类零件车削的过程中总横向进给量最小位置处的剩余横向进给量;
Sq表示第二道次加工时车刀的期望横向进给量;
E%表示在第二道次加工时车刀在所述期望横向进给量Sq的基准之下能够接受的浮动偏差百分比;
S表示在在轴类零件车削的过程中一般位置处的剩余横向进给量。
通过上述方案,首先利用第一道次加工,对车削工件的轮廓曲线进行大体加工;对于弯曲程度很大的大曲率工件的加工,与两道次加工时所形成的工件曲面轮廓“曲线平行”(下文将详细说明)相比,本发明的方案充分利用了对于第二道次加工时候的期望进给量的容许偏差+/-E%,在需要大切削量的内凹的工件位置,利用+E%,即在初次加工后,第二道次加工承担较多的切削量;而在凸出部位由于总切削量较小,考虑到切削均衡以及必要的切削量以形成表面精度,利用-E%。在其他位置,利用线性关系而得出剩余横向进给量;这样,利用两个靠模的轮廓形状,对两道次的横向进给量进行了合理分配;避免了第二道次加工形成过多的切削量,同时,也避免了在总切削量较大的位置,第一道次承担大量切削。这样,改善了刀具的受力状况,提高了刀具寿命,同时,由于对曲线轮廓中加工量不一致的情况进行了最大程度的平衡,同时也提高了工件的表面质量。
附图说明
图1是本发明在加工工件时的两道次加工所对应的工件轮廓的关系示意图;
图2是本发明的两个靠模在横向进给量上的相互关系示意图;
图3是本发明的车削加工组件的靠模机构与刀具的行走机构的配合关系图。
具体实施方式
下面结合图1-3,对本发明进行详细说明。
一种车削加工组件,用于车削轴类零件,其包括靠模机构、车刀、车刀纵向行走装置71、以及纵向导杆72,、车刀纵向行走装置71用于带动车刀沿着所述纵向导杆72纵向运动,并且所述车刀纵向行走装置71还允许车刀相对于车刀纵向行走装置71和纵向导杆72作横向相对运动;所述靠模机构设置有首次加工仿形轮廓11、再次加工仿形轮廓12以及靠模轮廓配合行走机构13,靠模轮廓配合行走机构13用于联接在刀具和靠模机构之间,并且包括行走轮131以与靠模机构的所述轮廓配合,首次加工仿形轮廓11用于在第一道次加工时控制车刀的第一横向进给量,所述再次加工仿形轮廓12用于在第二道次加工时控制车刀的剩余横向进给量,第一横向进给量与剩余横向进给量之和为总横向进给量,所述总横向进给量能够表征工件的初始形态与最终形态之差;
所述首次加工仿形轮廓11和再次加工仿形轮廓12对于所述轴类零件车削过程中的横向进给量控制满足下式:
Smax=Sq·(1+E%)
Smin=Sq·(1-E%)
其中,
Zmax表示在轴类零件车削的过程中最大的总横向进给量;
Zmin表示在轴类零件车削的过程中最小的总横向进给量;
Smax表示在轴类零件车削的过程中总横向进给量最大位置处的剩余横向进给量;
Smin表示在轴类零件车削的过程中总横向进给量最小位置处的剩余横向进给量;
Sq表示第二道次加工时车刀的期望横向进给量;
E%表示在第二道次加工时车刀在所述期望横向进给量Sq的基准之下能够接受的浮动偏差百分比;
S表示在在轴类零件车削的过程中一般位置处的剩余横向进给量。

Claims (1)

1.一种车削加工组件,用于车削轴类零件,其包括靠模机构、车刀、车刀纵向行走装置(71)、以及纵向导杆(72),、车刀纵向行走装置(71)用于带动车刀沿着所述纵向导杆(72)纵向运动,并且所述车刀纵向行走装置(71)还允许车刀相对于车刀纵向行走装置(71)和纵向导杆(72)作横向相对运动;所述靠模机构设置有首次加工仿形轮廓(11)、再次加工仿形轮廓(12)以及靠模轮廓配合行走机构(13),靠模轮廓配合行走机构(13)用于联接在刀具和靠模机构之间,并且包括行走轮(131)以与靠模机构的所述轮廓配合,首次加工仿形轮廓(11)用于在第一道次加工时控制车刀的第一横向进给量,所述再次加工仿形轮廓(12)用于在第二道次加工时控制车刀的剩余横向进给量,第一横向进给量与剩余横向进给量之和为总横向进给量,所述总横向进给量能够表征工件的初始形态与最终形态之差;
所述首次加工仿形轮廓(11)和再次加工仿形轮廓(12)对于所述轴类零件车削过程中的横向进给量控制满足下式:
Smax=Sq·(1+E%)
Smin=Sq·(1-E%)
其中,
Zmax表示在轴类零件车削的过程中最大的总横向进给量;
Zmin表示在轴类零件车削的过程中最小的总横向进给量;
Smax表示在轴类零件车削的过程中总横向进给量最大位置处的剩余横向进给量;
Smin表示在轴类零件车削的过程中总横向进给量最小位置处的剩余横向进给量;
Sq表示第二道次加工时车刀的期望横向进给量;
E%表示在第二道次加工时车刀在所述期望横向进给量Sq的基准之下能够接受的浮动偏差百分比;
S表示在在轴类零件车削的过程中一般位置处的剩余横向进给量。
CN201410313896.9A 2014-07-03 2014-07-03 一种车削加工组件 Expired - Fee Related CN104096856B (zh)

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Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU578543B2 (en) * 1985-08-15 1988-10-27 Leslie John Geyer Copy lathe tool and holder
JPS63182801U (zh) * 1987-05-15 1988-11-25
CN2361431Y (zh) * 1998-08-13 2000-02-02 汉诺威(莱州)机械有限公司 一种仿形车削装置
RU2179089C1 (ru) * 2000-08-10 2002-02-10 Федяков Петр Иванович Копировальное устройство токарного станка для обработки внешних поверхностей заготовок поршней двигателей внутреннего сгорания
US6357326B1 (en) * 2000-06-30 2002-03-19 James D. David Shape outlining device
US20030205290A1 (en) * 2001-10-15 2003-11-06 Juei-Seng Liao Wood lathe with a tracing unit
CN2616338Y (zh) * 2003-04-11 2004-05-19 重庆工学院 用于靠模式仿形加工或仿形测量仪上的随动控制装置
CN202137428U (zh) * 2011-05-26 2012-02-08 张晓琼 仿形机伸缩臂装置
CN102380623A (zh) * 2011-11-04 2012-03-21 深圳市鸿益进五金有限公司 高速仿形车削机构

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU578543B2 (en) * 1985-08-15 1988-10-27 Leslie John Geyer Copy lathe tool and holder
JPS63182801U (zh) * 1987-05-15 1988-11-25
CN2361431Y (zh) * 1998-08-13 2000-02-02 汉诺威(莱州)机械有限公司 一种仿形车削装置
US6357326B1 (en) * 2000-06-30 2002-03-19 James D. David Shape outlining device
RU2179089C1 (ru) * 2000-08-10 2002-02-10 Федяков Петр Иванович Копировальное устройство токарного станка для обработки внешних поверхностей заготовок поршней двигателей внутреннего сгорания
US20030205290A1 (en) * 2001-10-15 2003-11-06 Juei-Seng Liao Wood lathe with a tracing unit
CN2616338Y (zh) * 2003-04-11 2004-05-19 重庆工学院 用于靠模式仿形加工或仿形测量仪上的随动控制装置
CN202137428U (zh) * 2011-05-26 2012-02-08 张晓琼 仿形机伸缩臂装置
CN102380623A (zh) * 2011-11-04 2012-03-21 深圳市鸿益进五金有限公司 高速仿形车削机构

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