CN104089561B - Deep hole internal diameter measures system - Google Patents
Deep hole internal diameter measures system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104089561B CN104089561B CN201410369762.9A CN201410369762A CN104089561B CN 104089561 B CN104089561 B CN 104089561B CN 201410369762 A CN201410369762 A CN 201410369762A CN 104089561 B CN104089561 B CN 104089561B
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Abstract
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to hole inner diameter measurement technical field, more specifically, relate to a kind of deep hole internal diameter and measure system.
Background technology
The fields such as national defense and military, industrial production and scientific research are to hole internal diameter, the particularly survey of deep hole (degree of depth is more than 3m) internal diameter Amount has demand widely, such as the deep hole internal diameter measurement of hydraulic power system in cannon internal diameter of the pipeline measurement, engineering machinery, Oil drilling internal diameter of the pipeline measures, for the inner diameter measurement etc. of long pipeline of Researches on Fluids.Along with science and technology progress, for The measurement of deep hole internal diameter requires more and more higher, if desired for the precision higher than 10 μm/50mm, and measures at processing site.
At present, deep hole internal diameter is implemented to measure, to avoid the scuffing to inner walls of deep holes by the mode generally using non-cpntact measurement. More ripe non-contact measurement device for measuring has air measuring device.In a kind of traditional deep hole internal diameter pneumatic measuring system includes Footpath gas gauge head, measurement wireless launcher, pneumoelectric slip ring, process and display device.Above-mentioned deep hole internal diameter pneumatic gauging system Unite and the displacement signal that internal diameter gas gauge head exports is converted to air pressure signal, be then reconverted into voltage signal, finally by Voltage signal computation and measurement result, i.e. deep hole internal diameter value.In this mode, the transmission link of signal is more, causes measurement Error is relatively big, and device structure is complicated.Pneumatic gauging is additionally used to need source of the gas and gas pipeline to cause the structure of whole system Complex, and owing to air pressure is affected by source of the gas pressure instability relatively big, cause measurement result non-linear seriously, cause Certainty of measurement is relatively low.Above-mentioned pneumatic measuring system generally uses the mode of a multiple plug jet of source of the gas, but multiple Gas circuit between plug jet cannot realize independent measurement because of being interconnected, and rotates the stable gas pressure of gas-supplying structure Property is relatively low so that the certainty of measurement of deep hole internal diameter is relatively low.Additionally plug jet is by the source of the gas phase outside connecting rod and deep hole Even, the length of deep hole is limited by connecting rod length can cause its measurement scope less, and connecting rod long being caused scratches Property conference affects the certainty of measurement of deep hole internal diameter.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of deep hole internal diameter to measure system, to solve cannot preferably realize at present the measurement of longer deep hole internal diameter The problem low with deep hole internal diameter certainty of measurement.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention provides following technical scheme:
Deep hole internal diameter measures system, including being positioned at deep hole, and the measurement main body moved along described deep hole axis direction And being positioned at outside described deep hole, and the measure and control device being connected with described measurement main body；Described measurement main body includes:
Cavity, for cylindrical shape；
At least three rows being evenly arranged in outside described cavity support roller, support roller and be used for and described deep hole described in three rows Inwall multi-point fitting is to support described measurement main body, and in described support roller is that driving wheel is to drive described measurement main Body moves axially along deep hole；
At least three being evenly distributed on outside described cavity stops trapping；
It is arranged on the wheel measuring dish of described cavity one end, the rotational plane of described wheel measuring dish and the axis of described deep hole Vertically, described wheel measuring dish is radially provided with multiple eddy current displacement sensor, and described eddy current displacement sensor is used for Detect its voltage signal away from described inner walls of deep holes distance；
For driving described only trapping and described inner walls of deep holes to be adjacent to friction, drive dress for the only trapping only stopped or separate Put；
The drive wheel device that main body moves axially is measured along described deep hole for driving described driving wheel to make；
For the measurement disk drive device driving described wheel measuring dish to rotate；Described measure and control device includes only stopping for control The first control module that ball driving means opens and closes, for controlling the second control module that described drive wheel device opens and closes, For controlling the 3rd control module of described measurement disk drive device keying and for described eddy current displacement sensor is exported Voltage signal process, to calculate the measuring and calculating module of described deep hole internal diameter.
Preferably, in above-mentioned deep hole internal diameter measurement system, described drive wheel device includes:
Move axially driving motor；
Power input shaft and described the first transmission mechanism moving axially and driving the pto of motor to be connected, described The power output shaft of the first transmission mechanism is connected with the drive shaft of described driving wheel.
Preferably, in above-mentioned deep hole internal diameter measurement system, described deep hole internal diameter is measured system and is also included being arranged on described support Compression between rotating shaft and the described cavity of roller supports spring, and described compression supports spring for making institute by its own resilient State support roller elasticity and be attached at the inwall of described deep hole.
Preferably, in above-mentioned deep hole internal diameter measurement system, described measurement disk drive device includes:
Rotary drive motor；
The second transmission mechanism that power input shaft is connected with the pto of described rotary drive motor；
It is connected with the power output shaft of described second transmission mechanism, and stretches in outward the rotary shaft of described cavity end face, described rotation Turn measurement dish and be fixed on the end of described rotary shaft.
Preferably, in above-mentioned deep hole internal diameter measurement system, described wheel measuring dish is directly made up of printing board PCB, Multiple described eddy current displacement sensor radial equipartitions are on the same circumference of described wheel measuring dish, and described wheel measuring Dish is provided with the battery powered for described eddy current displacement sensor.
Preferably, in above-mentioned deep hole internal diameter measurement system,
Described wheel measuring dish is provided with electro-optic conversion transmitter, and described electro-optic conversion transmitter passes with described current vortex displacement The digital signal output circuit of sensor is connected, for the voltage signal that described eddy current displacement sensor exports is converted to light Signal, and launch output；
Being provided with photoelectric conversion receiver, signal pre-processing module in described cavity, described cavity is provided with transmission line, Described photoelectric conversion receiver and electro-optic conversion transmitter are positioned at the two ends of described transmission line, and described opto-electronic conversion receives Device is used for receiving described optical signal and being converted to voltage signal；Described signal pre-processing module and described measuring and calculating module phase Even, for described voltage signal is implemented pretreatment.
Preferably, in above-mentioned deep hole internal diameter measurement system, multiple described eddy current displacement sensors share a CPLD can Program numbers signal generator, each described eddy current displacement sensor includes that the signal being sequentially connected in series amplifies and harmonic waveization electricity Road, LC series resonant circuit and for resonance signal being converted to the change-over circuit of displacement voltage signal, described change-over circuit Including the shaping detecting circuit being sequentially connected in series, filter circuit and simulation numeral varying circuit, described signal amplifies and harmonic wave Circuit is connected with described CPLD programmable digital signal generator, and the simulation numeral of each described eddy current displacement sensor becomes Change circuit to be all connected with described electro-optic conversion transmitter by data syn-chronization latch.
Preferably, in above-mentioned deep hole internal diameter measurement system, described only trapping driving means includes:
By connecting rod and the described hollow steel ball that only trapping one_to_one corresponding is connected；
Being arranged on the elastic support bars in described cavity, described elastic support bars is connected to described connector correspondingly On, it is adjacent to, with described inner walls of deep holes, the state only stopped for making described only trapping be in；
It is arranged on described cavity, and makes described only trapping and institute in the energized state by adsorbing described hollow steel ball State the electromagnet that the inwall of deep hole separates；With
For controlling the electromagnet controller of described magnet switching electricity condition switching.
Preferably, in above-mentioned deep hole internal diameter measurement system, described only trapping is rubber friction ball, is arranged in pairs at described chamber On external wall, two comprised for every a pair stop trapping and are symmetrically distributed on described cavity opposite site.
Preferably, in above-mentioned deep hole internal diameter measurement system:
Multiple eddy current displacement sensors are distributed on the circumference of described wheel measuring dish in pairs, two comprised for every a pair Eddy current displacement sensor be distributed in described wheel measuring dish same diametrically；
Described measuring and calculating module includes that processing module, described processing module include:
Normalized module, is normalized for the voltage signal obtaining eddy current displacement sensor described in every a pair Processing, normalization Hou Ge road signal amplitude is all unit amplitude 1V；
The first mean module being connected with described normalized module, described first mean module is for through normalization Described in every a pair processed, the voltage signal of eddy current displacement sensor output takes average, obtains voltage order one mean value signal；
Second mean module, takes all for the voltage order one mean value signal obtaining eddy current displacement sensor described in every a pair Value, obtains secondary voltage mean value signal；
Integral Processing module, relative with measured diameter to obtain for described secondary voltage mean value signal being integrated process The magnitude of voltage answered.
For background technology, the deep hole internal diameter that the embodiment of the present invention provides measures the measurement main body of system can be along The axis of deep hole moves, and will not be limited by connecting rod length, and then can widen the scope of application of system, simultaneously because do not have With the presence of long connecting rod, the bigger flexible deformation that more will not bring because connecting rod length is long and affect certainty of measurement.
Meanwhile, measuring main body and measured the internal diameter of deep hole by current vortex sensor, current vortex sensor is popped one's head in deep Distance between the inwall of hole is directly changed into as the signal of telecommunication, for the air measuring device described in background technology, Decrease and distance be converted to this intermediate link of air pressure change signal, and then the error that this link is brought can be reduced, It is thus possible to raising certainty of measurement.And, compared to the gas circuit structure of the complexity rotating supply, the deep hole that the present invention provides The structure of inside diameter measurement system is simpler, and stability is more preferable.
In the present embodiment, eddy current displacement sensor is non-contact measurement, it is possible to avoid contact with measurement to inner walls of deep holes Damage.Eddy current displacement sensor is based on simple LC series resonance principal, and circuit structure form is simple, it is simple to composition is many Individual eddy current displacement sensor array format.
In the preferred version that the embodiment of the present invention provides, multiple eddy current displacement sensors are distributed in pairs, are distributed in for every a pair The diameter two ends of the same circumference of wheel measuring dish, it is simple to the normalized of follow-up multi signal, average treatment, to eliminate rotation The overwhelming majority measurement system error and improve certainty of measurement.The current vortex sensor of native system is capable of surveying at 1mm simultaneously The higher sensitivity of 20mv/ μm in weight range.
In the preferred version that the embodiment of the present invention provides, wheel measuring dish rotates, and eddy current displacement sensor is at rotation process The voltage signal of middle output has cyclophysis, and bull signal is carried out synchronized sampling, normalized, average treatment etc. Can realize the separation of measurement system error after treatment measures it is thus possible to improve certainty of measurement, these processing methods can drop The requirement to mechanical precision of the low measurement system.
In the preferred version that the embodiment of the present invention provides, the voltage signal of eddy current displacement sensor output passes through wireless and has The mode that line combines transmits the measure and control device to deep hole from measuring main body, it is ensured that it is reliable and stable that signal transmits.
In the preferred version that the embodiment of the present invention provides, wheel measuring dish is directly made up of printing board PCB, current vortex Displacement transducer, electro-optic conversion transmitter etc. are all disposed within PCB, thus whole wheel measuring dish lighter weight, structure Simply, this is it can be avoided that use the metal rotation that quality is bigger to measure the problems such as dribbling big, the circuit board installation of next quality. It addition, the current vortex circuit on wheel measuring dish is powered as battery power supply, it is possible to avoid on-the-spot electromagnetic interference and civil power As the electromagnetic interference problem of power supply existence and need to make circuit system structure multiple for electric slip ring etc. according to mains-supplied Miscellaneous problem.
In order to realize the measurement to deep hole, measuring main body needs the axial line along deep hole to move, and if wheel measuring dish Rotation centerline not parallel with the axial line of deep hole, then can make measured cross section is not the normal section of deep hole internal diameter. In the preferred scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, use three row's rubber rolls to support, and each support roller is provided with compression Supporting spring, multiple positions realize support and have average effect, and each Support Position tool is resilient such that multi-point support It was not result in location, thus the form error of inner hole wall can be reduced and measure the impact that main body installation deficiency is brought, The center line making wheel measuring dish is the most parallel with the axial line of deep hole, reduces its impact on measurement result, Jin Erke To improve certainty of measurement.
Accompanying drawing explanation
For the technical scheme being illustrated more clearly that in the embodiment of the present invention, required use in embodiment being described below Accompanying drawing be briefly described, it should be apparent that, for those of ordinary skills, do not paying creative labor On the premise of Dong, it is also possible to obtain other accompanying drawing according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that the deep hole internal diameter that the embodiment of the present invention provides measures system；
Fig. 2 is that the electromagnetism of the interior only trapping driving means of Fig. 1 that the embodiment of the present invention provides only stops structural representation；
Fig. 3 is that on the deep hole internal diameter measurement system wheel measuring dish that the embodiment of the present invention provides, the structure of each device arrangements is shown It is intended to；
Fig. 4 is wheel measuring dish and device for revolving and driving, the survey that the deep hole internal diameter that the embodiment of the present invention provides measures system The structural representation that amount data photoelectricity wireless transmission means is divided；
Fig. 5 is the circuit theory diagrams of multiple eddy current displacement sensors that the embodiment of the present invention provides；
Fig. 6 is that the deep hole internal diameter that the embodiment of the present invention provides is measured the measurement main body of system and is positioned at a kind of state of deep hole and shows It is intended to；
Fig. 7 is to change schematic diagram before and after the processing module that the embodiment of the present invention provides processes voltage signal.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiments provide a kind of deep hole internal diameter and measure system, to solve cannot preferably realize at present in longer deep hole The measurement in footpath and the low problem of deep hole internal diameter certainty of measurement.
For the technical scheme making those skilled in the art be more fully understood that in the embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is made to implement The above-mentioned purpose of example, feature and advantage can become apparent from understandable, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to the technology in the embodiment of the present invention Scheme is described in further detail.
Refer to accompanying drawing 1, Fig. 1 shows that the deep hole internal diameter that the embodiment of the present invention provides measures the structural representation of system. Structure shown in Fig. 1 includes measuring main body and measure and control device 1.
Measuring main body is to realize in whole deep hole internal diameter measurement system measuring motion and measuring signal acquisition, transmission, locate in advance The part of reason function.Measure main body to be positioned in deep hole 21, it is possible to the axis direction along deep hole 21 moves, and then change Its position in deep hole 21.Measure main body include that cavity 3, at least three row supports roller 6, at least three stops trapping, On wheel measuring dish 4, wheel measuring dish 4 radial direction of same circumference can be evenly equipped with multiple eddy current displacement sensor 5, Only trapping driving means, drive wheel device and measurement disk drive device.
Cavity 3 is the architecture basics that whole measurement main element is installed.Cavity 3 usually cylindrical shape, as long as can protect Card cavity 3 can move in deep hole 21, and do not affect whole deep hole internal diameter and measure other parts of system and normally work Shape all can be as the shape of cavity 3, and such as square tube shape, the present embodiment is not intended to the shape of cavity 3.
At least three rows support roller 6 and are arranged in the outside of cavity 3 and are in close contact to support measurement with the inwall of deep hole 21 Main body.In multiple support rollers 6 one drives measurement main body to move along deep hole axis direction as driving wheel.Generally, Supporting roller 6 is three rows, is evenly distributed on outside cavity 3, as shown in Figure 1.More equal in order to realize measuring main body Even stably support, support roller 6 the most multiple rows of.Being more highly preferred to, cavity 3 is cylindric, multiple rows of support roller 6 outsides being evenly distributed on cavity 3.In order to reduce the damage supported in roller 6 rolling process deep hole 21 inwall, Support roller 6 preferably employs non-rigid material caster, such as elastic roller, and concrete, elastic roller can be rubber roll.
Drive wheel device is used for driving driving wheel to rotate so that measurement main body moves along the axis direction of deep hole 21. Drive wheel device has multiple, refer to accompanying drawing 1, and the present invention implements to provide a kind of drive wheel device.Carried The drive wheel device of confession includes moving axially driving motor 8 and the first transmission mechanism, and the power of the first transmission mechanism is defeated The pto entering axle and move axially driving motor 8 is connected, the power output shaft of the first transmission mechanism and driving Wheel rotating shaft be connected, with drive shaft drive driving wheel rotate and make measure main body move axially.In the present embodiment, First transmission mechanism can be chain-drive mechanism, tape handler or gear drive.In order to pass with gear hereinafter Motivation structure is distinguished, and gear drive herein is the first gear drive 9 (as shown in Figure 1).The present embodiment does not limits Make the concrete kind of the first transmission mechanism.
Due to alignment error and the existence of deep hole form error, if not using the form that directly supports of resilient support can cause institute Having and support roller 6 and be difficult to all inwalls with deep hole 21 and realize being in close contact, on the one hand this can cause the support measuring main body Instability, on the other hand can cause measurement main body axis not parallel with deep hole axis and cause measurement system error to pass through The average method of bull is filtered.In order to solve this problem, the inside diameter measurement system that the embodiment of the present invention provides also includes Compression supports spring 10.Compression supports spring 10 and connects between rotating shaft and the cavity 3 supporting roller, and it passes through self bullet Power makes to realize between the inwall of support roller 6 and deep hole 21 being in close contact.
Only trapping is connected on the matrix of cavity 3 by elastic support bars, be used for the inwall with deep hole 21 be adjacent to only to stop or Separate, thus realize measuring only stopping of main body.Preferably, only trapping is at least three, only stops stationarity to improve. In order to alleviate the friction catch abrasion to deep hole 21 inwall, only trapping is preferably elastic component, such as rubber friction ball 7 (as Shown in Fig. 1).
Only trapping driving means is for driving only trapping to be adjacent to only stop or separate with deep hole 21 inwall.Refer to accompanying drawing 2, this Inventive embodiments provides the only trapping driving means of a kind of concrete structure.The only trapping driving means provided includes connecting Bar 20, steel ball, elastic support bars 19, electromagnet 18 and electromagnet controller.Wherein, steel ball by connecting rod 20 with Only trapping is connected, and elastic support bars 19 is arranged in cavity 3, and elastic support bars 19 is connected to connecting rod correspondingly On 20, for making only trapping be in the state that the inwall with deep hole 21 is adjacent to only stop.Electromagnet 18 is arranged on cavity 3 On, and by absorption steel ball, only trapping is separated with the inwall of deep hole 21 in the energized state.Electromagnet controller with Electromagnet 18 is connected, for realizing the switching of electromagnet 18 power on/off state by controlling current switching.The present embodiment In all of elastic support bars 19 overall shape be umbrella skeleton structure, umbrella skeleton structure makes only trapping axial rigidity relatively High and radial rigidity is relatively low, its two-way stiffness strengthens difference and is conducive to being reliably carried out only stopping and closing the action that apolipsis stops, when When umbrella skeleton is in free state, only trapping is in, with the inwall of deep hole 21, the state being adjacent to only stop.
Above-mentioned only trapping driving means controls as follows: electromagnet controller controls electromagnet 18 and is energized, and electromagnet 18 is energized Afterwards steel ball is played suction-operated, owing to steel ball is connected with only trapping, so the kinetic-potential of steel ball must carry by connecting rod 20 Only trapping to move towards the direction near electromagnet 18, and then only trapping is separated with the inwall of deep hole 21, reach Release the purpose only stopped.When needs stop the stopping time measuring main body, and electromagnet controller controls electromagnet 18 power-off, and then makes Obtaining electromagnet 18 to eliminate the suction of steel ball, only trapping is returned under the effect of the elastic-restoring force of elastic support bars 19 again Bullet, and then only trapping is in be adjacent to, with deep hole 21 inwall, the state only stopped.
Generally, one is stopped trapping correspondence one only trapping driving means, in the preferred scheme of the present embodiment, electromagnet 18 It is arranged on the axis of cavity 3, and is circulus, and then make multiple only trapping driving means can share one Electromagnet 18, final it can be avoided that each electromagnet 18 is energized and asynchronous cause that each is stopped trapping and drive asynchronous bringing Insensitivity problem.In order to alleviate the quality of whole measurement main body, above-mentioned steel ball preferably employ hollow steel ball 17 (as Shown in Fig. 2).
Wheel measuring dish 4 is arranged on one end of cavity 3, and its rotational plane is vertical with the axis of deep hole 21.Wheel measuring Multiple eddy current displacement sensor 5 for measuring deep hole 21 internal diameter it is provided with on the dish edge of dish 4.Current vortex displacement senses Device 5 can measure the measured body distance away from detecting head surface the most in a non contact fashion, its operation principle and measure away from It is known technology from front needing the calibration process carrying out sensor.Eddy current displacement sensor has high linearity, high-resolution The feature of power.In the present embodiment, the probe of eddy current displacement sensor 5 distance away from wheel measuring dish 4 center, the most just Be the radius (hereinafter side head radius R) of the minimum endoporus that gauge head can be measured be by measuring known gauge orifice internal diameter The method demarcated in advance obtains, i.e. side head radius R in Fig. 7 is corresponding with between the initial voltage signal of its corresponding output Relation need to be determined in advance.Because so, gap h (i.e. probe of the inwall distance electric vortex displacement transducer 5 of deep hole 21 Between gap) and probe output relative starting voltage signal variation between relation be linear corresponding relation, pass through Detection gauge head just can obtain measured gap h relative to the variation of starting voltage signal, and starting voltage is plus relatively rising The variation of beginning voltage and gauge head radius add that the relation between the gap h i.e. measured hole radius between measured hole is also line Property corresponding relation, so just can be drawn the internal diameter of measured hole by the variation of voltage signal of detection gauge head output.
Measure disk drive device to be used for driving wheel measuring dish 4 to rotate.The kind measuring disk drive device has a variety of, this Embodiment provides a kind of concrete measurement disk drive device.Refer to accompanying drawing 1, the measurement disk drive device bag provided Include rotary drive motor the 11, second transmission mechanism and rotary shaft 13.Wherein, the power input shaft of the second transmission mechanism and rotation The power output shaft turning driving motor 11 is connected, and rotary shaft 13 is connected with the power output shaft of the second transmission mechanism, and outward Stretching in cavity 3 end face, wheel measuring dish 4 is fixed on the end of rotary shaft 13.Rotary drive motor 11 is by the second biography Motivation structure is rotated axle 13 and rotates, and then measurement dish 4 is rotated rotates.In the present embodiment, the second transmission mechanism can Think chain-drive mechanism, tape handler or gear drive (the i.e. second gear drive 12, as shown in Figure 1). The present embodiment is not intended to the concrete kind of the second transmission mechanism.
Preferably, wheel measuring dish 4 is printing board PCB, is specifically as follows circular PCB.PCB lighter weight, energy Enough conveniently it is driven in rotation.The mode being more highly preferred to is: multiple eddy current displacement sensors 5 are rotating survey by radial equipartition On the circumference of amount dish 4.The mode that another kind is more highly preferred to is: multiple eddy current displacement sensors 5 are distributed in rotation in pairs On the circumference of measurement dish 4, two eddy current displacement sensors 5 comprised for every a pair are distributed in the straight of wheel measuring dish 4 Radial line two ends.Refer to accompanying drawing 3, a kind of concrete mode is, the quantity of eddy current displacement sensor 5 is 8, with The angle interval of 45 ° is evenly distributed on wheel measuring dish 4.Referring again to accompanying drawing 3, the rotation that the present embodiment provides is surveyed Amount dish 4 can be by mains-supplied, in order to avoid wheel measuring dish after the circuit noise caused due to mains-supplied and wiring 4 rotate the line-hit caused, and wheel measuring dish 4 is provided with the battery 41 powered for current vortex sensor.
Measure and control device is the signal transacting main element that whole deep hole internal diameter measures system, is usually located at outside deep hole 21. Measure and control device generally realizes with computer for main body.Measure and control device include the first control module, the second control module, the 3rd Control module and measuring and calculating module.First control module opens and closes for controlling only trapping driving means.Second control module For driving drive wheel device to open and close, the 3rd control module is used for controlling to measure disk drive device and opens and closes, survey calculation Module is for receiving and process the voltage signal of eddy current displacement sensor 5 output and calculating deep hole 21 internal diameter, the most deeply The diameter in hole, the diameter of deep hole=(side head radius R+ gap h) * 2, certainly, the voltage signal that gap h exports with probe Between conversion relation it is known that completed by measuring and calculating module.
In the present invention, deep hole 21 refers to the deep hole that the hole depth metal material more than 3 meters is constituted, for length less than 3 Rice, measures main body and can enter the deep hole that the metal material of measurement is constituted, and the present invention is also suitable.But for metal material structure For the deep hole 21 become, on the one hand making directly to use radio transmissioning signal mode to become owing to space is long and narrow can not OK, on the other hand letter is caused because measurement needs rotation to make the mode directly using wire transmission signal need to install conducting slip ring Number transmission in introduce interference.In order to solve this problem, in the embodiment of the present invention, the signal transmission form of whole system is nothing Line, wired transmission means combined, transmit for optical-wireless in measuring main body, and the basic process of signal transmission is telecommunications Number becoming optical signal launch, then optical signal is wirelessly transferred, and last light-receiving is converted to the signal of telecommunication.Measure main body and observing and controlling Wire transmission between device 1 is then transmitted in the way of cable is wired.Measure the measuring circuit of the wheel measuring dish 4 of main body Power consumption is low, in order to reduce the measure error that power supply introduces, and because wheel measuring dish 4 needs rotary motion, so It is its power supply with battery.In measurement, each driving means and parts realized of moving is since it is desired that consume relatively large power, Then powered by each driving means that the power supply that cable provides is measurement main body by measure and control device 1.In order to make service cable Do not affect the movement measuring main body with communication cable, be combined by the flexible signal of telecommunication between measure and control device 1 and measurement main body Cable is connected.It should be noted that signal of telecommunication composite rope herein refers to integrate the composite line of cable and holding wire Cable, it is ensured that while wire transmission signal, additionally it is possible to realize transmission of electricity.
The course of work of the inside diameter measurement system that the embodiment of the present invention provides is: the first control module in measure and control device 1 is sent out Going out control signal makes only trapping driving means drive only trapping to separate with the inwall of deep hole 21, and then makes whole measurement main Body can move axially, and the second control module sends control signal and controls the driving driving wheel rotation of drive wheel device, enters And drive and measure the measurement position that main body moves along the axis direction of deep hole 21 to reach to specify.Then, second controls mould Block continues to send control signal and controls drive wheel device stopping driving driving wheel, and the first control module sends control signal Make only trapping driving means drive only trapping to pop up to be adjacent to so that only trapping is in the inwall with deep hole 21 and is in The state only stopped.3rd control module controls to measure disk drive device and opens to drive wheel measuring dish 4 to rotate.It is distributed in Eddy current displacement sensor 5 on wheel measuring dish 4 rotates with wheel measuring dish 4, multiple eddy current displacement sensors 5 Rotating one week and measure, then the circuit of each eddy current displacement sensor 5 exports each current vortex displacement sensing respectively The voltage signal that the same measured diameter that device obtains is relevant, the measuring and calculating module of measure and control device 1 is to receiving each current vortex position The voltage signal of displacement sensor 5 output, for calculating the internal diameter of deep hole 21.
The voltage signal of eddy current displacement sensor 5 output needs to be transferred to measure and control device 1 to process.It is known that Wheel measuring dish 4 needs when working to rotate, if being realized outside signal by the way of wired by eddy current displacement sensor 5 Pass, then the cable that each eddy current displacement sensor 5 is connected with measure and control device is when wheel measuring dish 4 rotates Winding can be caused so that measure cannot be carried out, and if use conducting slip ring mode transmitting telecommunication number, then signal can be subject to The impact of slip ring and be disturbed bigger.But, common transmission of wireless signals mode (such as electromagnetic wave wireless transmission method) Signal transmission then can be long and narrow by deep hole 21 and be that metal material is limited and cannot transmit.In order to solve this problem, this In the inside diameter measurement system that inventive embodiments provides, wheel measuring dish is provided with electro-optic conversion transmitter 14, and electro-optic conversion is sent out Emitter is connected with eddy current displacement sensor 5, for the voltage signal conversion exported by each eddy current displacement sensor 5 Send for optical signal and by optical signal.It is provided with photoelectric conversion receiver 15 in cavity 3, in cavity 3, is provided with optical transport Passage 301, photoelectric conversion receiver 15 and electro-optic conversion transmitter 14 are positioned at the two ends of transmission line, opto-electronic conversion Receiver 15 receives optical signal that electro-optic conversion transmitter 14 sends and converts optical signals to the signal of telecommunication.
Being more highly preferred to, deep hole internal diameter measures system can also include signal pre-processing module 16, signal pre-processing module 16 are arranged between optical-electrical converter and measuring and calculating module, and the signal of telecommunication for being converted to optical-electrical converter is implemented pre- Process.Described pretreatment can be that filtering, denoising etc. process.Based on this, only trapping driving means, drive wheel fill Put, measure disk drive device and signal pre-processing module 16 by integral type flexible electrical signal composite rope 2 and measure and control device 1 In each corresponding module be connected.
Generally, electro-optic conversion transmitter 14 is for being converted to laser by the voltage signal that eddy current displacement sensor 5 exports Signal or infrared signal, corresponding, electro-optic conversion transmitter 14 is generating laser or infrared transmitter, photoelectricity Conversion receiver 15 is laser pickoff or infrared light receiver.
Eddy current displacement sensor 5 is core the most and crucial parts, the high sensitivity realizing deep hole 21 inner diameter measurement It is the necessity index obtaining high-acruracy survey result with good linearity.Refer to accompanying drawing 5, Fig. 5 shows that the present invention implements The circuit structure diagram of the multiple eddy current displacement sensor of example.In the deep hole internal diameter measurement system that the embodiment of the present invention provides, many Individual eddy current displacement sensor 5 shares a CPLD programmable digital signal generator 51, each described current vortex displacement Sensor 5 includes that the signal that is sequentially connected in series amplifies and harmonic wave circuit 52, LC series resonant circuit 53 and for by resonance Signal is converted to the change-over circuit 54 of displacement voltage signal, shaping detecting circuit 541 that change-over circuit includes being sequentially connected in series, Filter circuit 542 and simulation numeral varying circuit 543, described signal amplifies and harmonic wave circuit 52 is able to programme with CPLD Digital signal generator 51 connects, and the simulation numeral varying circuit 543 of each described eddy current displacement sensor 5 all passes through Data syn-chronization latch 55 is connected with described electro-optic conversion transmitter 22.
The general principle of circuit shown in Fig. 5 is: CPLD programmable digital signal generator 51 produces and LC series resonance electricity The square-wave signal that the road 53 resonance signal cycle is consistent, the fundamental frequency of square wave is that the actual test value of LC series resonance is consistent. In order to eliminate unnecessary Resonance Wave Composition, square-wave signal amplifies through signal and filters high-frequency harmonic composition after harmonic wave circuit 52 Become the harmonic signal based on fundamental frequency and enter LC series resonant circuit 53, the eddy-current coils of LC series resonant circuit 53 531 use directly as displacement measurement head (i.e. the probe of eddy current displacement sensor 5).When displacement, (i.e. probe is with deep Distance between the inwall in hole 21) when changing, the inductance value of eddy-current coils 531 can change, so that The resonant frequency of LC series resonant circuit 53 changes.Owing to driving frequency is constant, then the resonance potential on L or C Value will change, and measures the virtual value of the resonance signal of L and C, displacement signal is changed into voltage signal.Concrete turns During changing, change-over circuit 54 realize, the most successively to by shaping detecting circuit 541, filter circuit 542 and simulation Numeral varying circuit 543 obtains digital voltage signal, then by the data being connected with electro-optic conversion transmitter 22 after processing Synchrolock storage 55 latches successively.Magnitude of voltage in data synchrolock storage 55 is implemented by electro-optic conversion transmitter 22 successively Electro-optic conversion, passes through electro-optic conversion transmitter 14 according to optical mode wireless transmission after being converted to optical signal.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the circuit of eddy current displacement sensor 5 uses simple LC series resonance principal, and LC goes here and there Connection resonance circuit 53 has higher sensitivity, and the external source of LC series resonant circuit 53 is CPLD number able to programme Character signal generator 51, programmable circuit characteristic makes the resonance of frequency and the LC resonance circuit adjusting CPLD output signal Frequency is for unanimously to become easy.It addition, the excited oscillation source of LC series resonant circuit 53 is CPLD programmable digital signal Generator 51, its be outside be excited oscillation source, autoexcitation circuit working site can be overcome easily to lose and to shake that cause cannot work The shortcoming made.
Multiple eddy current displacement sensors 5 share a CPLD programmable digital signal generator 51, it is also possible to each single If a corresponding CPLD programmable digital signal generator 51.In the present embodiment multiple eddy current displacement sensors due to The frequency of resonance is inconsistent, but difference is little, so the signal generation machine of CPLD programmable digital signal generator 51 It is made as fundamental frequency and adds the mode adjusting frequency, occur because adjusting the little CPLD programmable digital signal of can saving of frequency values The resource of device 51 and be capable of the signal output of relatively multichannel.
During actual measurement, but the axis measuring main body may be the most parallel with the axis of deep hole 21 misaligned, As shown in Figure 6, the axle center of deep hole 21 axis is o ', and the axle center of wheel measuring dish 4 axis is o, and two axle center are misaligned Measure error will be caused.In order to solve the systematic error problem caused by this type of installation, native system is with multiple electric eddy current measurements The method that the uniform many sides head signal of sensor is averaged is to be reduced or eliminated this type of systematic error.Many sides head of native system takes The specific embodiments of averaging method is bull, and the uniform mode of i.e. 8 eddy current displacement sensors 5 illustrates, 8 Eddy current displacement sensor is distributed on the same circumference of wheel measuring dish 4 in pairs, two the electric whirlpools comprised for every a pair Stream displacement transducer 5 is distributed in the two ends of certain diameter of wheel measuring dish 4.8 eddy current displacement sensors 5 form 4 To eddy current displacement sensor pair, i.e. first sensor to, the second sensor to, the 3rd sensor to and the 4th sensor Right.Above-mentioned multiple eddy current displacement sensors 5 can produce multiple signals, but the method that the head measurement of many sides is averaged needs Yao Ge road signal amplitude is equal.The purpose that signal amplitude is stable is reached at present frequently with amplitude stabilization automatic gain control circuit, But the circuit structure of this kind of processing mode is complex, and fixed ampllitude poor-performing.
In order to solve the problems referred to above, embodiments provide a kind of digital processing mode.It is embodied in survey calculation The change of module structure.The measuring and calculating module that the embodiment of the present invention provides includes processing module, and processing module is for electricity Pressure signal enforcement processes.Described processing module includes normalized module, constant amplitude processing module and the first mean module. Wherein, normalized module, for being normalized the voltage signal of every a pair eddy current displacement sensor 5 output Process；Signal is after normalized, and wheel measuring dish 4 diametric(al) is distributed a pair eddy current displacement sensor 5 and obtains The two-way voltage signal constant amplitude taken, the unit of amplitude is 1V, to eliminate eddy-current coils 531 spirit of current vortex sensor 5 The systematic error that the factors such as sensitivity difference and demarcation can introduce.First mean module is connected with normalized module, is used for Take average to through the voltage signal of eddy current displacement sensor output described in every a pair of normalized, obtain one-level electricity Pressure mean value signal.After the first mean module processes, the axle center of deep hole 21 is misaligned with the axle center of wheel measuring dish 4 is led The error signal caused will be filtered by separating largely.As it is shown in fig. 7, in Fig. 7, first sensor is to voltage signal A and voltage signal b, after normalized resume module, voltage signal b becomes voltage signal c, equal by first Value resume module after, obtain the voltage order one mean value signal d of voltage signal b and voltage signal c it can be seen that Voltage order one mean value signal d is closer to preferable direct current signal e, it is seen that voltage signal can be relatively after above-mentioned process Big degree ground reduces systematic error, thus improves certainty of measurement.
The processing module that the present embodiment provides can also include the second mean module and Integral Processing module, the second mean module Voltage order one mean value signal for obtaining every a pair eddy current displacement sensor 5 takes average, obtains secondary voltage average Signal, the second mean module can be divided by the medium-high frequency harmonic error caused by other factors farthest to eliminate further Amount.Integral Processing module for being integrated process to secondary voltage mean value signal, and Integral Processing module can subtract further The error component of little secondary voltage mean value signal so that the voltage signal after process is closer to ideal signal.Concrete integration Processing module can be carried out according to formula below (1).
In formula (1), the θ anglec of rotation, f (θ) is secondary voltage mean value signal, and F (θ) represents the most straight with measured diameter Connecing relevant magnitude of voltage, formula (1) i.e. takes average again by integration.
The deep hole internal diameter that the present embodiment provides is measured system and can farthest be eliminated the above-mentioned process of bull signal Systematic error, such that it is able to improve certainty of measurement.
By the introduction of the embodiment of the present invention, the method have the advantages that
The deep hole internal diameter that the embodiment of the present invention provides is measured the measurement main body of system and can be moved along the axis direction of deep hole, For background technology, will not be limited by connecting rod length, and then the scope of application of system can be widened, simultaneously Owing to there is no connecting rod, it is to avoid by the long flexible deformation brought of connecting rod length, certainty of measurement is affected.
Measure main body and measured the internal diameter of deep hole by current vortex sensor, during measurement the probe of current vortex sensor with The direct transformation energy of distance value between inner walls of deep holes is the signal of telecommunication, compared to the air measuring device described in background technology Speech, decreases and distance value is converted to this link of atmospheric pressure value, and then can reduce error and energy that this link brought Improve certainty of measurement.It addition, air measuring device is based on gas circuit described in background technology, the deep hole that the present invention provides Inside diameter measurement system is based on circuit, and for Circuits System is compared to air-channel system, overall structure can simply and then more Reliable and stable.
In the present embodiment, eddy current displacement sensor is non-cpntact measurement, and non-cpntact measurement is it can be avoided that can to inner walls of deep holes The damage that can cause.Eddy current displacement sensor circuit is based on simple LC series resonance principal, and circuit structure form is simple, And be easy to constitute multiple eddy current displacement sensor array.
In the preferred version that the embodiment of the present invention provides, multiple eddy current displacement sensors 5 are distributed in pairs, every a pair distribution At the diameter two ends of the same circumference of wheel measuring dish 4, during measurement, wheel measuring dish 4 rotates, eddy current displacement sensor 5 voltage signals exported in rotation process have closure property.By in eddy current displacement sensor 5 arbitrary a pair The signal of sensor output is normalized, average etc. and to process after, it is possible to harmonic carcellation frequency is low to greatest extent Secondary measure error, as eliminated the rotational line of wheel measuring dish with the system that the axis of deep hole 21 is misaligned to be brought by mistake Difference, averages to the signal after multipair normalization and can be maximum to processing further of average value signal integration simultaneously again Limit ground harmonic carcellation frequency is the measure error of middle high order.This measure reduction measure error by signal transacting improves The method of the error separate of precision, it is possible to reduce precision measurement apparatus or the equipment precision property requirement to optical-mechanical system, make Higher certainty of measurement must be realized under limited mechanical precision to be possibly realized, for the development of modern precision instrument extremely Close important.
In the preferred version that the embodiment of the present invention provides, the voltage signal of eddy current displacement sensor 5 output by wireless and Wired mode combined is transmitted, if to solve longhole survey system only with the wireless or drawback of wire transmission signal, The final reliable and stable and quality ensureing signal transmission.
In the preferred version that the embodiment of the present invention provides, wheel measuring dish 4 is directly processed by printing board PCB, The all directly welded and installed such as eddy current displacement sensor 5, electro-optic conversion transmitter 14 is on PCB so that whole rotation is surveyed Amount dish 4 simple in construction, lighter weight, enough kept away exempt to use the bigger metal rotation of quality to measure quality that dribbling comes big and The complex process problem that circuit is installed.Powering it addition, the circuit power supply mode on wheel measuring dish 4 is battery, battery supplies When the mode of electricity avoids employing wired power supply, wheel measuring dish 4 rotation can cause cable winds or need special confession Electric slip ring makes system become the problems such as complexity, simultaneously can also be it can be avoided that the electromagnetic interference that civil power exists as power supply is asked Topic.
In order to realize the measurement to deep hole 21, measuring main body needs the axis direction along deep hole 21 to move, and if revolved The rotation turning measurement dish is not parallel with the axial line of deep hole 21, then in measured cross section can be made not to be deep hole 21 The normal section in footpath and cause measure error.In the preferred scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, use and there are the multiple of at least three rows The multi-point support mode of roller, and each support roller is respectively provided with elasticity, the average effect of multi-point support makes wheel measuring The axial line of the rotation centerline of dish 4 and deep hole 21 is with keeping parallelism to greatest extent such that it is able to reduce measure error with Improve certainty of measurement.
Above embodiments describe multiple preferred scheme, as long as each preferred scheme non-contradiction, can be combined Form new technical scheme, and these technical schemes are all in category disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention.
Invention described above embodiment, is not intended that limiting the scope of the present invention.Any the present invention's Amendment, equivalent and the improvement etc. made within spirit and principle, should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
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| CN106091961A (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2016-11-09 | 天津工业大学 | High-rate laser inner diameter measurement system |
| CN105973114A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-09-28 | 马鞍山方圆动力科技有限公司 | High precision main shaft inner hole testing tool |
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| CN106931926A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2017-07-07 | 德阳鑫晶科技有限公司 | It is easy to measure a kind of device of deep hole internal diameter |
| CN107063071A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2017-08-18 | 德阳六久科技有限公司 | The system measured for deep hole internal diameter |
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| CN108007332B (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2021-01-05 | 中国核工业二三建设有限公司 | Multi-pipe-diameter pipe orifice size measurement auxiliary tool |
| CN109556563B (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2020-05-19 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Radial displacement measuring device for small-aperture tunnel model test |
| CN109596080B (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2020-07-28 | 燕山大学 | Shock absorber cylinder inner hole precision detector |
| CN109931850A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-06-25 | 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 | The measurement tooling and measurement method of long aperture axis |
| CN110332892A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-10-15 | 中北大学 | A kind of accurate detecting method |
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