CN104086859B - 一种阻燃电容器薄膜专用填料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种阻燃电容器薄膜专用填料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种阻燃电容器薄膜专用填料,由下列重量份的原料制成：磷酸三苯酯6-9、环氧油酸丁酯0.3-0.5、氢氧化铝6-8、聚磷酸铵2-3、铁矿渣3-4、烯基丁二酸酯0.4-0.6、邻苯二甲酸二乙二醇二丙烯酸酯0.3-0.5、十八醇0.4-0.6、三聚氰胺2-3、粘土50-55、4-6%盐酸适量、水适量、助剂15-20；本发明填料添加了磷酸三苯酯、聚磷酸铵、氢氧化铝，阻燃性能好，同时该填料颗粒细致、均匀，补强性好，能大大提高聚丙烯薄膜的耐撕裂强度、耐冲击强度；通过使用粘土，降低了成本；通过使用本发明助剂，能提高填料的分散性、补强性能，能提高薄膜的强度和耐冲击韧性。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于电容器薄膜领域，特别涉及一种阻燃电容器薄膜专用填料及其制备方法。
背景技术
薄膜电容器由于具有很多优良的特性，因此是一种性能优秀的电容器。它的主要等性如下：无极性，绝缘阻抗很高，频率特性优异(频率响应宽广)，而且介质损失很小。基于以上的优点，所以薄膜电容器被大量使用在模拟电路上。尤其是在信号交连的部份，必须使用频率特性良好，介质损失极低的电容器，方能确保信号在传送时，不致有太大的失真情形发生。
在所有的塑料薄膜电容当中，聚丙烯(PP)电容和聚苯乙烯(PS)电容的特性最为显著，所以近年来PP电容和PS电容被使用在音响器材的频率与数量也愈来愈高。单纯的聚丙烯(PP)薄膜虽然具有耐热、耐腐蚀，制品可用蒸汽消毒的突出优点，而且密度小，是最轻的通用塑料；但是其存在耐低温冲击性差，较易老化的缺点。聚苯乙烯(PS)薄膜具有极高的透明度，电绝缘性能好，易着色，加工流动性好，刚性好及耐化学腐蚀性好，但是比较脆，冲击强度低，易出现应力开裂，耐热性差及不耐沸水；因此需要对薄膜进行改性。而且随着电容器的应用范围逐渐增多，薄膜的性能也需要改善，比如耐热、耐低温、耐酸碱、耐腐蚀、强度、耐老化、耐紫外线、阻燃、耐磨、韧性、耐冲击等性能需要改善，可以通过添加填料改性来改善性能。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种阻燃电容器薄膜专用填料及其制备方法，该填料阻燃性能好，补强性好，能大大提高聚丙烯薄膜的耐撕裂强度、耐冲击强度。
本发明的技术方案如下：
一种阻燃电容器薄膜专用填料,其特征在于由下列重量份的原料制成：磷酸三苯酯6-9、环氧油酸丁酯0.3-0.5、氢氧化铝6-8、聚磷酸铵2-3、铁矿渣3-4、烯基丁二酸酯0.4-0.6、邻苯二甲酸二乙二醇二丙烯酸酯0.3-0.5、十八醇0.4-0.6、三聚氰胺2-3、粘土50-55、4-6%盐酸适量、水适量、助剂15-20；
所述助剂由下述重量份的原料制成：蒙脱石2-3、2-3%氢氧化钠溶液12-16、聚异丁烯0.5-0.8、三聚磷酸铝0.7-0.9、双酚A环氧丙烯酸酯1-2、木糖醇0.4-0.7、硅酸铝3-5、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚0.1-0.2、硫酸钙晶须7-9、黑碳化硅2-4、妥尔油0.4-0.6、柴胡油0.5-0.8、过硫酸铵0.1-0.2、水适量；制备方法为：蒙脱石与2-3%氢氧化钠溶液混合，加热至70-80℃，搅拌反应20-30分钟，过滤，得滤渣，水洗至pH为7-8，烘干粉碎成2-50μm的颗粒；再将脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、木糖醇加入适量水中，再加入所述蒙脱石颗粒、硅酸铝，搅拌均匀后加入聚异丁烯、双酚A环氧丙烯酸酯、妥尔油、柴胡油，搅拌均匀后升温至80-90℃，加入过硫酸铵，搅拌反应20-30分钟，再加入硫酸钙晶须、黑碳化硅，继续搅拌反应30-40分钟，烘干，与其他剩余成分混合，分散研磨成2-50μm的颗粒，即得。
所述的阻燃电容器薄膜专用填料的制备方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
（1）将粘土送入煅烧炉中，在700-800℃下煅烧2-3个小时，取出粉碎，过100目筛，再加入2-3倍的4-6%盐酸，加热至50-70℃，搅拌10-20分钟，过滤，得滤渣，按上述方法再酸洗一次，再水洗至中性，过滤，得颗粒；
（2）将铁矿渣粉碎，过100目筛，与磷酸三苯酯、环氧油酸丁酯、聚磷酸铵、烯基丁二酸酯、邻苯二甲酸二乙二醇二丙烯酸酯、十八醇、三聚氰胺混合，研磨20-30分钟，得混合物料；
（3）将第（1）步和第（2）步得到的物料与氢氧化铝混合，加入适量水搅拌成泥状，研磨成2-50μm的浆料，喷雾干燥，再与其他剩余成分混合均匀，即得。
本发明的有益效果
本发明填料添加了磷酸三苯酯、聚磷酸铵、氢氧化铝，阻燃性能好，同时该填料颗粒细致、均匀，补强性好，能大大提高聚丙烯薄膜的耐撕裂强度、耐冲击强度；通过使用粘土，降低了成本；通过使用本发明助剂，能提高填料的分散性、补强性能，能提高薄膜的强度和耐冲击韧性。
具体实施方式
一种阻燃电容器薄膜专用填料,由下列重量份(公斤)的原料制成：磷酸三苯酯8、环氧油酸丁酯0.4、氢氧化铝7、聚磷酸铵2.5、铁矿渣3.5、烯基丁二酸酯0.5、邻苯二甲酸二乙二醇二丙烯酸酯0.4、十八醇0.5、三聚氰胺2.5、粘土53、5%盐酸适量、水适量、助剂17；
所述助剂由下述重量份（公斤）的原料制成：蒙脱石2.5、2.5%氢氧化钠溶液14、聚异丁烯0.7、三聚磷酸铝0.8、双酚A环氧丙烯酸酯1.5、木糖醇0.5、硅酸铝4、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚0.1、硫酸钙晶须8、黑碳化硅3、妥尔油0.5、柴胡油0.7、过硫酸铵0.1、水适量；制备方法为：蒙脱石与2.5%氢氧化钠溶液混合，加热至75℃，搅拌反应25分钟，过滤，得滤渣，水洗至pH为8，烘干粉碎成2-50μm的颗粒；再将脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、木糖醇加入适量水中，再加入所述蒙脱石颗粒、硅酸铝，搅拌均匀后加入聚异丁烯、双酚A环氧丙烯酸酯、妥尔油、柴胡油，搅拌均匀后升温至85℃，加入过硫酸铵，搅拌反应25分钟，再加入硫酸钙晶须、黑碳化硅，继续搅拌反应35分钟，烘干，与其他剩余成分混合，分散研磨成2-50μm的颗粒，即得。
所述的阻燃电容器薄膜专用填料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）将粘土送入煅烧炉中，在750℃下煅烧2.5个小时，取出粉碎，过100目筛，再加入2.5倍的5%盐酸，加热至60℃，搅拌15分钟，过滤，得滤渣，按上述方法再酸洗一次，再水洗至中性，过滤，得颗粒；
（2）将铁矿渣粉碎，过100目筛，与磷酸三苯酯、环氧油酸丁酯、聚磷酸铵、烯基丁二酸酯、邻苯二甲酸二乙二醇二丙烯酸酯、十八醇、三聚氰胺混合，研磨25分钟，得混合物料；
（3）将第（1）步和第（2）步得到的物料与氢氧化铝混合，加入适量水搅拌成泥状，研磨成2-50μm的浆料，喷雾干燥，再与其他剩余成分混合均匀，即得。
实验数据：将本实施例的填料添加到聚丙烯电容器薄膜中，添加量为10-15%，薄膜厚度为2-50μm，薄膜击穿电压值≥0.60kV/μm（100℃）。
Claims (1)
1.一种阻燃电容器薄膜专用填料,其特征在于由下列重量份的原料制成：间苯二酚0.3-0.5、六亚甲基四胺0.3-0.4、白炭黑2.5-3、膨胀蛭石5-7、膨胀石墨3-4、聚四氟乙烯粉2-3、氯化石蜡2-3、纳米竹炭粉1-1.5、苯扎溴铵2-4、粘土60-65、4-6%盐酸适量、水适量、助剂15-20；
所述助剂由下述重量份的原料制成：膨润土2-3、2-2.5%氢氧化钠溶液10-15、乙炔炭黑2-3、甲基丙烯酸酯1-2、丙烯酸乙酯0.4-0.7、碳酸钙粉10-15、十二烷基苯磺酸钠0.1-0.2、硼酸镁晶须1-1.3、纳米锌粉2-4、聚四氟乙烯微粉0.4-0.6、柴胡油0.5-0.8、过硫酸钾0.1-0.2、水适量；制备方法为：膨润土与2-2.5%氢氧化钠溶液混合，加热至70-80℃，搅拌反应20-30分钟，过滤，得滤渣，水洗至pH为7-8，烘干粉碎成2-50μm的颗粒；再将十二烷基苯磺酸钠加入适量水中，再加入所述膨润土颗粒、碳酸钙粉，搅拌均匀后加入甲基丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸乙酯，搅拌均匀后升温至70-80℃，加入过硫酸钾，搅拌反应20-30分钟，再加入乙炔炭黑、纳米锌粉，继续搅拌反应30-40分钟，烘干，与其他剩余成分混合，分散研磨成2-50μm的颗粒，即得；
所述的阻燃电容器薄膜专用填料的制备方法包括以下步骤：
（1）将粘土送入煅烧炉中，在700-800℃下煅烧2-3个小时，取出粉碎，过100目筛，再加入2-3倍的4-6%盐酸，加热至50-70℃，搅拌10-20分钟，过滤，得滤渣，按上述方法再酸洗一次，再水洗至中性，过滤，得颗粒；
（2）将膨胀蛭石、膨胀石墨粉碎，过80目筛，与间苯二酚、六亚甲基四胺、氯化石蜡、苯扎溴铵混合，研磨20-30分钟，得混合物料；
（3）将第（1）步和第（2）步得到的物料与白炭黑、聚四氟乙烯粉、纳米竹炭粉混合，加入适量水搅拌成泥状，研磨成2-50μm的浆料，喷雾干燥，再与其他剩余成分混合均匀，即得。
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| CN102964658A (zh) * | 2012-10-31 | 2013-03-13 | 安徽省易达电子有限公司 | 一种以低密度聚乙烯为基体的电容器薄膜及其制备方法 |
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