CN104086910A - 一种阻燃耐高温电容器薄膜专用填料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种阻燃耐高温电容器薄膜专用填料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种阻燃耐高温电容器薄膜专用填料,由下列重量份的原料制成:氯化聚乙烯16-18、氧化铈2-3、氧化石墨烯4-7、硬脂酸钡3-4、羟乙基纤维素0.6-0.9、酚醛树脂2.3-2.6、苯基三氯硅烷0.6-0.9、聚乙烯醇0.7-1、钛酸钾晶须5-8、对亚苯基二胺0.5-0.8、黄土60-65、4-6%盐酸适量、水适量、助剂15-20;本发明填料添加了氯化聚乙烯、硬脂酸钡,提高了电容器薄膜的阻燃和耐高温性能;通过添加钛酸钾晶须,大大增加了薄膜的强度和耐磨性能;通过使用黄土,降低了成本;通过使用本发明助剂,能提高填料的分散性、补强性能,能提高薄膜的强度和耐冲击韧性。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于电容器薄膜领域,特别涉及一种阻燃耐高温电容器薄膜专用填料及其制备方法。
背景技术
薄膜电容器由于具有很多优良的特性,因此是一种性能优秀的电容器。它的主要等性如下:无极性,绝缘阻抗很高,频率特性优异(频率响应宽广),而且介质损失很小。基于以上的优点,所以薄膜电容器被大量使用在模拟电路上。尤其是在信号交连的部份,必须使用频率特性良好,介质损失极低的电容器,方能确保信号在传送时,不致有太大的失真情形发生。
在所有的塑料薄膜电容当中,聚丙烯(PP)电容和聚苯乙烯(PS)电容的特性最为显著,所以近年来PP电容和PS电容被使用在音响器材的频率与数量也愈来愈高。单纯的聚丙烯(PP)薄膜虽然具有耐热、耐腐蚀,制品可用蒸汽消毒的突出优点,而且密度小,是最轻的通用塑料;但是其存在耐低温冲击性差,较易老化的缺点。聚苯乙烯(PS)薄膜具有极高的透明度,电绝缘性能好,易着色,加工流动性好,刚性好及耐化学腐蚀性好,但是比较脆,冲击强度低,易出现应力开裂,耐热性差及不耐沸水;因此需要对薄膜进行改性。而且随着电容器的应用范围逐渐增多,薄膜的性能也需要改善,比如耐热、耐低温、耐酸碱、耐腐蚀、强度、耐老化、耐紫外线、阻燃、耐磨、韧性、耐冲击等性能需要改善,可以通过添加填料改性来改善性能。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种阻燃耐高温电容器薄膜专用填料及其制备方法,该填料提高了电容器薄膜的阻燃和耐高温性能,大大增加了薄膜的强度和耐磨性能。
本发明的技术方案如下:
一种阻燃耐高温电容器薄膜专用填料,其特征在于由下列重量份的原料制成:氯化聚乙烯16-18、氧化铈2-3、氧化石墨烯4-7、硬脂酸钡3-4、羟乙基纤维素0.6-0.9、酚醛树脂2.3-2.6、苯基三氯硅烷0.6-0.9、聚乙烯醇0.7-1、钛酸钾晶须5-8、对亚苯基二胺0.5-0.8、黄土60-65、4-6%盐酸适量、水适量、助剂15-20;
所述助剂由下述重量份的原料制成:高岭土5-7、2-2.5% 氢氧化钠溶液20-25、单硬脂酸甘油酯0.2-0.3、甲基丙烯酸酯1-2、丙烯酸乙酯0.4-0.7、活化碳酸钙10-15、十三氟辛基三甲氧基硅烷0.6-0.8、纳米石墨1-1.3、茶皂素0.1-0.2、金樱子精油0.1-0.2、过硫酸钾0.1-0.2、水适量;制备方法为:高岭土与2-2.5% 氢氧化钠溶液混合,加热至70-80℃,搅拌反应20-30分钟,过滤,得滤渣,水洗至pH为7-9,烘干粉碎成2-50μm的颗粒,然后边搅拌边喷入十三氟辛基三甲氧基硅烷,研磨20-25分钟,得到改性高岭土;再将茶皂素加入适量水中,再加入活化碳酸钙,搅拌均匀后加入单硬脂酸甘油酯、甲基丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸乙酯,搅拌均匀后升温至70-80℃,加入过硫酸钾,搅拌反应20-30分钟,再加入纳米石墨,继续搅拌反应30-40分钟,烘干,与改性高岭土以及其他剩余成分混合,分散研磨成2-50μm的颗粒,即得。
所述的阻燃耐高温电容器薄膜专用填料的制备方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
(1)将黄土送入煅烧炉中,在700-800℃下煅烧2-3个小时,取出粉碎,过100目筛,再加入2-3倍的4-6%盐酸,加热至50-70℃,搅拌10-20分钟,过滤,得滤渣,按上述方法再酸洗一次,再水洗至中性,过滤,得颗粒;
(2)将氯化聚乙烯、氧化铈、硬脂酸钡、羟乙基纤维素、酚醛树脂、苯基三氯硅烷、聚乙烯醇、对亚苯基二胺混合,研磨20-30分钟,得混合物料;
(3)将第(1)步和第(2)步得到的物料与氧化石墨烯、钛酸钾晶须、混合,加入适量水搅拌成泥状,研磨成2-50μm的浆料,喷雾干燥,再与其他剩余成分混合均匀,即得。
本发明的有益效果
本发明填料添加了氯化聚乙烯、硬脂酸钡,提高了电容器薄膜的阻燃和耐高温性能;通过添加钛酸钾晶须,大大增加了薄膜的强度和耐磨性能;通过使用黄土,降低了成本;通过使用本发明助剂,能提高填料的分散性、补强性能,能提高薄膜的强度和耐冲击韧性;该填料适用于聚丙烯和聚苯乙烯薄膜,不仅性能优良而且成本低,适用于工业化生产。
具体实施方式
一种阻燃耐高温电容器薄膜专用填料,由下列重量份(公斤)的原料制成:氯化聚乙烯17、氧化铈2.5、氧化石墨烯5、硬脂酸钡3.5、羟乙基纤维素0.8、酚醛树脂2.4、苯基三氯硅烷0.7、聚乙烯醇0.8、钛酸钾晶须7、对亚苯基二胺0.7、黄土63、5%盐酸适量、水适量、助剂18;
所述助剂由下述重量份(公斤)的原料制成:高岭土6、2.3% 氢氧化钠溶液23、单硬脂酸甘油酯0.2、甲基丙烯酸酯1.5、丙烯酸乙酯0.6、活化碳酸钙13、十三氟辛基三甲氧基硅烷0.7、纳米石墨1.2、茶皂素0.1、金樱子精油0.1、过硫酸钾0.1、水适量;制备方法为:高岭土与2.3% 氢氧化钠溶液混合,加热至75℃,搅拌反应25分钟,过滤,得滤渣,水洗至pH为8,烘干粉碎成2-50μm的颗粒,然后边搅拌边喷入十三氟辛基三甲氧基硅烷,研磨23分钟,得到改性高岭土;再将茶皂素加入适量水中,再加入活化碳酸钙,搅拌均匀后加入单硬脂酸甘油酯、甲基丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸乙酯,搅拌均匀后升温至75℃,加入过硫酸钾,搅拌反应25分钟,再加入纳米石墨,继续搅拌反应35分钟,烘干,与改性高岭土以及其他剩余成分混合,分散研磨成2-50μm的颗粒,即得。
所述的阻燃耐高温电容器薄膜专用填料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将黄土送入煅烧炉中,在760℃下煅烧2.5个小时,取出粉碎,过100目筛,再加入2.5倍的5%盐酸,加热至60℃,搅拌15分钟,过滤,得滤渣,按上述方法再酸洗一次,再水洗至中性,过滤,得颗粒;
(2)将氯化聚乙烯、氧化铈、硬脂酸钡、羟乙基纤维素、酚醛树脂、苯基三氯硅烷、聚乙烯醇、对亚苯基二胺混合,研磨25分钟,得混合物料;
(3)将第(1)步和第(2)步得到的物料与氧化石墨烯、钛酸钾晶须、混合,加入适量水搅拌成泥状,研磨成2-50μm的浆料,喷雾干燥,再与其他剩余成分混合均匀,即得。
实验数据:将本实施例的填料添加到聚丙烯电容器薄膜中,添加量为10-15%,薄膜厚度为2-50μm,薄膜击穿电压值≥ 0.60kV/μm(100℃)。
Claims (2)
1.一种阻燃耐高温电容器薄膜专用填料,其特征在于由下列重量份的原料制成:氯化聚乙烯16-18、氧化铈2-3、氧化石墨烯4-7、硬脂酸钡3-4、羟乙基纤维素0.6-0.9、酚醛树脂2.3-2.6、苯基三氯硅烷0.6-0.9、聚乙烯醇0.7-1、钛酸钾晶须5-8、对亚苯基二胺0.5-0.8、黄土60-65、4-6%盐酸适量、水适量、助剂15-20;
所述助剂由下述重量份的原料制成:高岭土5-7、2-2.5% 氢氧化钠溶液20-25、单硬脂酸甘油酯0.2-0.3、甲基丙烯酸酯1-2、丙烯酸乙酯0.4-0.7、活化碳酸钙10-15、十三氟辛基三甲氧基硅烷0.6-0.8、纳米石墨1-1.3、茶皂素0.1-0.2、金樱子精油0.1-0.2、过硫酸钾0.1-0.2、水适量;制备方法为:高岭土与2-2.5% 氢氧化钠溶液混合,加热至70-80℃,搅拌反应20-30分钟,过滤,得滤渣,水洗至pH为7-9,烘干粉碎成2-50μm的颗粒,然后边搅拌边喷入十三氟辛基三甲氧基硅烷,研磨20-25分钟,得到改性高岭土;再将茶皂素加入适量水中,再加入活化碳酸钙,搅拌均匀后加入单硬脂酸甘油酯、甲基丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸乙酯,搅拌均匀后升温至70-80℃,加入过硫酸钾,搅拌反应20-30分钟,再加入纳米石墨,继续搅拌反应30-40分钟,烘干,与改性高岭土以及其他剩余成分混合,分散研磨成2-50μm的颗粒,即得。
2.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃耐高温电容器薄膜专用填料的制备方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
(1)将黄土送入煅烧炉中,在700-800℃下煅烧2-3个小时,取出粉碎,过100目筛,再加入2-3倍的4-6%盐酸,加热至50-70℃,搅拌10-20分钟,过滤,得滤渣,按上述方法再酸洗一次,再水洗至中性,过滤,得颗粒;
(2)将氯化聚乙烯、氧化铈、硬脂酸钡、羟乙基纤维素、酚醛树脂、苯基三氯硅烷、聚乙烯醇、对亚苯基二胺混合,研磨20-30分钟,得混合物料;
(3)将第(1)步和第(2)步得到的物料与氧化石墨烯、钛酸钾晶须、混合,加入适量水搅拌成泥状,研磨成2-50μm的浆料,喷雾干燥,再与其他剩余成分混合均匀,即得。
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