CN104078036A - Low and medium frequency light thin layer sound insulation and absorption board and combined board thereof - Google Patents
Low and medium frequency light thin layer sound insulation and absorption board and combined board thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104078036A CN104078036A CN201410275779.8A CN201410275779A CN104078036A CN 104078036 A CN104078036 A CN 104078036A CN 201410275779 A CN201410275779 A CN 201410275779A CN 104078036 A CN104078036 A CN 104078036A
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Abstract
A low and medium frequency light thin layer sound insulation and absorption board is composed of a plurality of sound insulation and absorption units arranged side by side, each sound insulation and absorption unit is composed of a rigid frame, an elastic thin film and a hole penetrating board with through holes, the elastic thin films are connected with the rigid frames, and the hole penetrating board s are connected with the elastic thin films. A combined board composed of the sound insulation and absorption boards is 10 mm thick, the face density of the combined board is 1.5 kg/m<2> and has a good sound insulation effect in a wide frequency band, the sound insulation amount is about 25 dB in a designed frequency band, and the combined board is applicable to various occasions, such as airplanes, spacecraft, automobiles, trains and ships, sensitive to space and weight.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the acoustic absorbant that insulates against sound, relate in particular to a kind of medium and low frequency lightweight thin layer sound insulation acoustic board.
Background technology
High frequency noise can obtain sound insulation acoustically effective preferably with common frivolous sound insulation acoustic absorbant, but for 100 ?for the Middle and low frequency noise of 1000Hz: according to the mass density law of sound insulation, the sound insulationg board of common material must " surface density " is very high could effectively insulate against sound; And while adopting damping acoustic absorbant, in the time that the thickness of acoustic absorbant is suitable with wave length of sound, absorptivity just can be higher, because the wavelength of low-frequency sound wave is longer, such as the wave length of sound lower than 1000Hz is greater than 30cm, thereby need to could produce effective acoustically effective with very thick acoustic absorbant in medium and low frequency section.At some, space and weight are had the occasion of requirement, as spaceship, aircraft, train, boats and ships, automobile etc., thick and heavy common sound insulation acoustic absorbant is difficult to obtain application.Because 100 – 1000Hz are main energy distribution frequency ranges of dynamo-electric noise, and overlap with people's the responsive frequency range of hearing, so medium and low frequency lightweight thin layer sound insulation acoustic board is the focus that chase in market always.
Development in recent years goes out a kind of artificial film-type local resonance acoustical material (Locally Resonant Phononic Material is called for short LRPM, China Patent No. CN1664920A).This material is formed by the lattice element periodic arrangement of manual construction, and these lattice elements have lower resonant frequency.By designing physical dimension and the physical characteristics of materials of these lattice elements, can between the first and second resonant frequencies, obtain a lower antiresonant frequency, now the average displacement of whole unit is zero, thereby the effect that there will be acoustic pressure " positive negative disappears " at free space far field place, obtains than the oise insulation factor more than high 5dB of the homogeneous material of same surface density.But this LRPM only near the narrower frequency range its antiresonant frequency defening effect better, and there will be the very poor frequency range (oise insulation factor " peak valley ") of sound insulation near adjacent frequency domain (the first and second resonant frequencies).In the frequency band of " peak valley ", its defening effect is also poorer than common material.Although stack polylith LRPM plate, can compensate by the sound insulation " peak " of other LRPM plate the performance that a certain LRPM plate " peak valley " is located, but still have the existence of " peak valley ", and increase the thickness of material.Chinese patent CN201220446855 utilizes resonant structure to combine and realize low frequency absorption with perforated plate, because its resonant structure using is also very thick and heavy in the more thick and heavy structural entity that makes of lower frequency region, be suitable for anechoic room etc. to space and the not too responsive occasion of weight.
Summary of the invention
More thick and heavy in order to solve in medium and low frequency section (100-1000Hz) traditional homogeneous sound insulation acoustic absorbant, existing LRPM sound insulation frequency band is narrow and have a problem of oise insulation factor " peak valley ", the invention provides a kind of medium and low frequency lightweight thin layer sound insulation acoustic absorbant, effectively the above medium and low frequency acoustic energy of separate absorption 100Hz obtains good defening effect in broad frequency band.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of medium and low frequency lightweight thin layer sound insulation acoustic board, its feature is: be made up of multiple sound insulation sound absorptions unit of arranging side by side, each sound insulation sound absorption unit is made up of rigid frame, elastic film and the perforated plate with through hole, described elastic film is connected with described rigid frame, and described perforated plate is connected with described elastic film.
Also comprise web member, described perforated plate is connected with described elastic film through this web member.
Described perforated plate is the rigid plate of aluminium, plastics or pottery.
Interstitial surface area sum on described perforated plate is less than 20% with the ratio of described perforated plate area.
The aperture of described perforated plate is 0.5mm～2.0mm.
Described web member is cylindrical, annular or square column type.
Described elastic film is provided with multiple through holes, and the interstitial surface area sum of these through holes is less than 5% with the ratio of the surface area of described elastic film.
The diameter of the through hole of described elastic film is 0.05mm～0.2mm
A kind of medium and low frequency lightweight thin layer sound insulation acoustic board, its feature is, by the sound insulation acoustic board described in two and between the flexible acoustical cotton of sandwiched form.The agglomerating staggered compacting of described flexible acoustical cotton is between two blocks of sound insulation acoustic absorbants, and the thickness of this flexibility acoustical cotton is less than 1cm.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Effectively improve sound insulation property, can improve oise insulation factor 5dB in design frequency range more than; The compoboard being made up of this sound insulation acoustic board is compared with the compoboard being made up of equal traditional material, and oise insulation factor improves nearly 9dB in design frequency range.Shape by adjusting connector can customize the frequency of operation of sound insulationg board.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the diagrammatic cross-section of medium and low frequency lightweight thin layer sound insulation acoustic board structural unit of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the diagrammatic cross-section of medium and low frequency lightweight thin layer sound insulation acoustic board structural unit of the present invention the second embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the cut-open view of medium and low frequency sound insulation sound absorption combined board structure of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is another embodiment cut-open view of medium and low frequency sound insulation sound absorption combined board structure of the present invention.
The comparison of Fig. 5 individual layer sound insulationg board sound insulation curve.
The comparison of Fig. 6 compoboard sound insulation curve.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail, the present embodiment is implemented under taking technical solution of the present invention as prerequisite, provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Please first consult Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the diagrammatic cross-section of medium and low frequency lightweight thin layer sound insulation acoustic board structural unit of the present invention, as shown in the figure, a kind of medium and low frequency lightweight thin layer sound insulation acoustic board, formed by multiple sound insulation sound absorptions unit of arranging side by side, each sound insulation sound absorption unit is made up of rigid frame 1, elastic film 2 and the perforated plate 3 with through hole, and described elastic film 2 is connected with described rigid frame 1, and described perforated plate 3 is connected with described elastic film 2.
Embodiment 2
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of medium and low frequency sound insulation sound absorption unit the second embodiment of the present invention, as described in Figure, a kind of sound insulation acoustic absorbant is arranged and is formed side by side by multiple sound insulation sound absorptions unit, each sound insulation sound absorption unit comprises: rigid frame 1, elastic film 2, perforated plate 3 and web member 4, described elastic film 2 is connected with described rigid frame 1, and described perforated plate 3 is connected by web member 4 with described elastic film 2.
Rigid frame 1 mainly plays fixed support elastic film 2, in order to reduce weight and thickness, and preferably more frivolous rigid material.In the present embodiment, selecting thickness is the carbon fiber of 0.5mm.Grid cell size is 20x20mm, and grid cell spacing is 3mm.
The preferred thinner material of elastic film 2, on film, punching is conducive to improve the sound insulation property of sound insulation acoustic absorbant high frequency treatment, but the sound insulation property at low frequency place declines to some extent; The sound insulation property at low frequency place of not punching is better.The interstitial surface area punching is less than 5% with the ratio of the area of elastic film, and the diameter in each hole is all less than 0.2mm.In the present embodiment, adopt rubber that 0.1mm is thick as elastic film.
The preferred rigid material of perforated plate 3 can be aluminium or plastics or pottery, for increasing its rigidity, reinforcement also can be set.Perforated plate 3 is provided with through hole, and the interstitial surface area of this through hole is less than 20% with the ratio of the area of perforated plate; This through hole is circular hole, square hole or other erose hole.In the present embodiment, adopting diameter is the aluminium sheet that 10mm, thickness are 1mm; Adopt the circular hole that diameter is 1mm, porosity is 6%.
Web member 4 is used for connecting elastic film 2 and perforated plate 3, and the contact area of web member 4 and elastic film 2 can affect the effective rigidity of elastic film 2 simultaneously, thereby the shape of web member 4 also can be used to regulate the frequency of operation of sound insulation acoustic absorbant.Web member 4 can be that hollow can be also entity.If it is entity and perforation thereon, bores a hole and can not overlap with the hole on elastic film 2.In the present embodiment, web member 4 adopts respectively following two kinds of shapes: fine circle: aluminium, external diameter 5mm, internal diameter 2.5mm, thick 0.6mm; Flat pieces: plastics, diameter 9.5mm, thick 0.1mm.
Adopt the four-microphone standing wave tube of 260mm diameter respectively three kinds of materials to be carried out to oise insulation factor test comparison, three kinds of materials are respectively: traditional LRPM, adopts the new sound insulation acoustic board of fine circle web member 4 and adopt the new sound insulation acoustic board of flat pieces web member 4.Three kinds of materials at the oise insulation factor spectrum curve of 50 – 800Hz medium and low frequencies as shown in Figure 5.The oise insulation factor of acoustical material is larger, shows that this material is better to the defening effect of noise.For example: incide in the constant situation of the noise energy of wallboard, wallboard oise insulation factor increases 1dB, is transmitted to the noise energy decline 1dB after wallboard.
In Fig. 5, dotted line is traditional LRPM sound insulation curve, and its sound insulation crest frequency, in 360Hz left and right, has " peak valley " of individual oise insulation factor after this peak value, and near this " peak valley ", oise insulation factor reduces 5dB.Dotted line is the sound insulation curve that adopts the new sound insulation acoustic board of fine circle web member 4.Because web member 4 is little with the contact area of elastic film 2, elastic film 2 effective rigidities have reduced, and the crest frequency of sound insulation acoustic board oise insulation factor moves to low frequency, and the peak value of oise insulation factor improves 5dB left and right and reaches 20dB, slightly declines at high frequency treatment sound insulation property.Solid line is the sound insulation curve that adopts the new sound insulation acoustic board of flat pieces web member 4.The crest frequency of sound insulation acoustic board oise insulation factor is to high-frequency mobile (600Hz left and right), and near this frequency domain, the high 10dB of the relatively traditional LRPM of oise insulation factor left and right reaches 22dB, and near oise insulation factor traditional LRPM crest frequency slightly reduces.
Adopt the web member 4 of fine circle to obtain very superior sound insulation property at lower frequency of operation place, adopt more flat web member 4 can obtain good sound insulation property at high frequency treatment, frequency of operation by adjusting connector 4 with the adjustable sound insulating material of contact area of elastic film 2, can be according to the concrete concrete form that need to select corresponding web member 4 of practical application.
Embodiment 3
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are the compoboard that adopts the acoustic board that insulates against sound in embodiment 2.This compoboard by the sound insulation acoustic board described in two and between the flexible acoustical cotton 5 of sandwiched form.The described agglomerating compacting of flexible acoustical cotton 5, thickness is 8mm.Configuration combination thickness of slab 10mm in Fig. 3, surface density 1.5kg/m
2.The compoboard surface density of Fig. 4 is identical with Fig. 3, and thickness increases by 1～2mm, but several compoboards are gathered into folds while forming multiple layer combination plate, its thickness with adopt the configuration of Fig. 3 basic identical.
Discontinuous construction, such as the sound insulation acoustic board described in traditional LRPM and embodiment 2 can produce more decaying wave (i.e. " near field wave "), near the coupled vibrations frequency of compoboard, decaying wave can repeatedly come to reach very high acoustic energy after back reflective stack, thereby has improved the endergonic size of acoustic absorbant.The decaying wave energy constantly being absorbed by acoustical cotton 5, need to be provided by incident acoustic wave, thereby on whole structure, reduce the energy of transmitted wave, has improved sound insulation property.Two blocks of coupled vibrations plates need to be separated by enough nearly (being generally less than 10mm), thereby can effectively improve the decaying wave intensity between plate by the coupling of two plates; But too nearly (such as 0.1mm), so that cannot fill inward enough acoustical cottons.
Fig. 6 is for adopting the sound insulation curve of the compoboard of three kinds of materials (be traditional LRPM, adopt the new sound insulation acoustic board of fine circle web member 4 and adopt the new sound insulation acoustic board of flat pieces web member 4) in embodiment 2.In figure, dotted line is the sound insulation curve that adopts traditional LRPM compoboard, and the performance that individual layer tradition LRPM sound insulation " peak valley " is located relatively is significantly improved, and sound insulation curve is comparatively smooth in wider frequency domain.This is the result due to decaying wave loss in compoboard.Dotted line is the sound insulation curve that adopts the compoboard of fine circle web member 4.Its peak value adopts the compoboard raising 9dB left and right of traditional LRPM to reach 26dB relatively, slightly declines than traditional LRPM compoboard at high frequency treatment sound insulation property.In Fig. 6, solid line is the sound insulation curve that adopts flat pieces web member 4.The defening effect of this kind of configuration is almost better than traditional LRPM compoboard at full frequency band, and its oise insulation factor peak improves 8dB left and right at the relatively traditional LRPM of high frequency treatment and reaches 24dB.
Similar to embodiment 2, adopt the form of fine circle to obtain very superior sound insulation property at lower frequency of operation place, adopt more flat web member can obtain good sound insulation property at high frequency treatment, can be according to the concrete concrete shape that need to select corresponding web member 4 of practical application.
Claims (10)
1. a medium and low frequency lightweight thin layer sound insulation acoustic board, it is characterized in that: formed by multiple sound insulation sound absorptions unit of arranging side by side, each sound insulation sound absorption unit is made up of rigid frame (1), elastic film (2) and the perforated plate (3) with through hole, described elastic film (2) is connected with described rigid frame (1), and described perforated plate (3) is connected with described elastic film (2).
2. medium and low frequency lightweight thin layer sound insulation acoustic board according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: also comprise web member (4), described perforated plate (3) is connected with described elastic film (2) through this web member (4).
3. sound insulation acoustic board according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described perforated plate (3) is the rigid plate of aluminium, plastics or pottery.
4. sound insulation acoustic board according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the ratio of the interstitial surface area sum on described perforated plate (3) and described perforated plate (3) area is less than 20%.
5. sound insulation acoustic board according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the aperture of described perforated plate (3) is 0.5mm～2.0mm.
6. sound insulation acoustic board according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described web member (4) is cylindrical, annular or square column type.
7. sound insulation acoustic board according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described elastic film (2) is provided with multiple through holes, and the ratio of the surface area of the interstitial surface area sum of these through holes and described elastic film (2) is less than 5%.
8. sound insulation acoustic board according to claim 7, is characterized in that, the diameter of the through hole of described elastic film (2) is 0.05mm～0.2mm.
9. a medium and low frequency sound insulation sound absorption compoboard, is characterized in that, by the sound insulation acoustic board described in two claims 1 or 2 and between the flexible acoustical cotton (5) of sandwiched form.
10. according to the sound insulation sound absorption compoboard described in claim, it is characterized in that, the described agglomerating staggered compacting of flexible acoustical cotton (5) is between two blocks of sound insulation acoustic absorbants, and the thickness of this flexibility acoustical cotton (5) is less than 1cm.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410275779.8A CN104078036A (en) | 2014-06-19 | 2014-06-19 | Low and medium frequency light thin layer sound insulation and absorption board and combined board thereof |
| PCT/CN2014/081328 WO2015109761A1 (en) | 2014-01-26 | 2014-07-01 | Medium-and-low-frequency light-and-thin sound insulation and absorption panel, and composite wallboard thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410275779.8A CN104078036A (en) | 2014-06-19 | 2014-06-19 | Low and medium frequency light thin layer sound insulation and absorption board and combined board thereof |
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| CN104078036A true CN104078036A (en) | 2014-10-01 |
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| CN201410275779.8A Pending CN104078036A (en) | 2014-01-26 | 2014-06-19 | Low and medium frequency light thin layer sound insulation and absorption board and combined board thereof |
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Cited By (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110249383A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2019-09-17 | 富士胶片株式会社 | Sound-insulating structure |
| CN110476204A (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2019-11-19 | 富士胶片株式会社 | Sound insulation structure and Suond-absorbing panel and tuning panel |
| CN111128106A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-05-08 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Underwater low-frequency narrow-band sound insulation structure unit |
| CN113674727A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-11-19 | 北京市劳动保护科学研究所 | Deep sub-wavelength low-frequency sound absorption structure and sound absorption unit |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110476204A (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2019-11-19 | 富士胶片株式会社 | Sound insulation structure and Suond-absorbing panel and tuning panel |
| CN110476204B (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2020-10-23 | 富士胶片株式会社 | Sound insulation structure, sound absorption panel, and sound adjustment panel |
| US10988924B2 (en) | 2017-03-27 | 2021-04-27 | Fujifilm Corporation | Soundproof structure, sound absorbing panel, and sound adjusting panel |
| CN110249383A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2019-09-17 | 富士胶片株式会社 | Sound-insulating structure |
| CN111128106A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-05-08 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Underwater low-frequency narrow-band sound insulation structure unit |
| CN111128106B (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2024-02-20 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Underwater low-frequency narrow-band sound insulation structure unit |
| CN113674727A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-11-19 | 北京市劳动保护科学研究所 | Deep sub-wavelength low-frequency sound absorption structure and sound absorption unit |
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