CN104073925B - Carding technology for yakwool tops for high-count yakwool yarn production and yakwool tops - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for carding yak velvet strips for producing high-count yak velvet yarns and the prepared yak velvet strips. The process includes: raw material pretreatment, the first vibration opening, wool oiling, the second vibration opening, and then sequentially through the carding process, pre-drawing process, sliver and coiling process, and combing process to obtain combed yak fleece. The invention can effectively remove the short down in the yak down fiber, and obtain the yak down strip which can be used for producing high-count yak down yarn.

Description

Yak velvet carding process and yak velvet strips for producing high-count yak velvet yarn

technical field

The invention relates to a velvet carding process and the obtained velvet, in particular to a yak velvet carding process for producing high-count yak velvet yarn and the obtained yak velvet.

Background technique

According to the applicant's knowledge, yak velvet can be obtained from yaks living above 3500m above sea level. The unique alpine climate determines that yak velvet has smooth texture, good elasticity, good moisture absorption and release performance, wear resistance and pilling resistance, and fiber strength. High quality, the average fineness of high-quality yak cashmere is 19μm, it is an ideal high-grade clothing fabric. At the same time, compared with cashmere, yak cashmere has better abrasion resistance and pilling resistance, and has an obvious price advantage. However, the fiber length of yak cashmere is shorter and the difference is large, which leads to the fact that yak cashmere is mostly used in the woolen process, and the product has additional lower value.

After searching, it is found that the Chinese invention patent with application number 201210013382.2 and authorized announcement number CN102704098B discloses a preparation process of pure spinning combed yak down strips, "the product is pure spinning combed yak down strips, which is high Combed yarn provides the possibility to create a gap in the production of high-grade yak cashmere fiber in combed yarn." Yet the fiber fineness of the product that this technical scheme makes is not thin enough, and fiber length is not long enough, is difficult to be used for processing the high count yak cashmere yarn of more than 80Nm.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: to overcome the problems existing in the prior art, to provide a yak velvet strip carding process for producing high-count yak velvet yarns, which can effectively remove the short fibers in yak velvet fibers, and obtain high-count yarns that can be used to produce high-count velvet yarns. Yak velvet strips of yak velvet yarn; at the same time, yak velvet strips made by this process are provided.

The technical scheme that the present invention solves its technical problem is as follows:

A kind of yak velvet strip carding process for producing high-count yak velvet yarn is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

The first step is to pretreat the raw material of yak cashmere fiber. The pretreatment includes: picking and removing foreign fibers;

In the second step, the yak velvet fiber obtained in the first step is opened by the first vibration, and the yak velvet fiber is opened and loosened;

The third step is to spray the wool oil, antistatic agent and water layer by layer to the yak wool fiber obtained in the second step, while controlling the moisture regain within the preset range and balancing the preset time;

The fourth step is to carry out the second vibration opening of the yak cashmere fiber obtained in the third step, and open the yak cashmere fiber into a loose floc;

In the fifth step, the yak cashmere fiber obtained in the fourth step is sequentially subjected to a carding process, a pre-drawing process, a strip and coiling process, and a combing process to obtain a combed yak cashmere strip; a combing process, a pre-drawing process, and a strip and coiling process The combing process is carried out on the corresponding cotton type equipment respectively.

The inventor found in the in-depth practical research that after adding the first vibration opening process and the second vibration opening process before and after the wool oiling process, the distribution of yak down fibers can be made more fluffy, and the yak down fibers can be more fluffy. The long fibers in the fiber are more easily combed and gathered into strips, and the yak down fibers can be processed by cotton-type equipment, so that the short fibers can be removed more effectively, and yak down strips that can be used to produce high-count yak down yarns can be obtained.

The further perfect technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

In order to make the fiber fineness of the yak wool strips fine enough and the fiber length long enough:

Preferably, the first vibration opening in the second step and the second vibration opening in the fourth step are respectively completed on the opening transmission platform;

The opening conveying platform includes a conveyor belt with a determined conveying direction, above which there are first, second, and third opening beaters that move up and down while rotating; the first, second, and third loosening beaters are respectively Comb-type beaters are parallel to each other; there is a distance between the first opening beater and the end of the conveyor belt;

The first vibratory opening process is as follows: evenly spread the yak wool fiber obtained in the first step on the conveyor belt to form a fiber layer; the speed of the conveyor belt is 0.5-2.5m/min; The distance between the loose beater and the fiber layer is -4.5~0cm, the speeds of the first, second and third loose beaters are respectively 80-150r/min, the distance between the first and second loose beaters, the second The distance from the third opening beater is 0.3-1.2m;

The second vibration opening process is as follows: spread the yak wool fiber obtained in the third step evenly on the conveyor belt to form a fiber layer; the speed of the conveyor belt is 1.5-5.0m/min; The distance between the beating hand and the fiber layer is -3.5~0cm, the speeds of the first, second and third beating hands are 60-120r/min respectively, the distance between the first and the second beating hand, the second The distance from the third opening beater is 0.3-0.8m respectively.

After adopting this preferred scheme, the damage to the fibers during the opening process can be effectively reduced, and the fiber fineness of the finally obtained yak wool strips is kept below 17.5 μm, and the fiber length is kept above 39 mm, so that the yak wool strips can be used for Processing high-count yak wool yarn above 80Nm.

This preferred scheme is further perfected as follows:

Further preferably, the two ends of the conveyor belt are respectively tightly sleeved on the driving shaft and the driven shaft parallel to each other; the driving shaft is connected to the frequency conversion motor; the conveyor belt is located at the end of the first opening beater away from the second opening beater The distance between the head and the first opening beater is 0.8-1.2m; the ends of the first, second and third opening beaters are respectively coaxially connected with the first gear, and the first gear meshes with the corresponding second gear , the second gear is an eccentric gear, the axis of the second gear is connected to the corresponding servo motor in transmission, and the first and second gears and the servo motor form a cam type beater transmission mechanism.

More preferably, the width of the conveyor belt is 1.5-2.5m; the diameters of the first, second, and third opening beaters are 12.5-15cm respectively; the servo motor is connected to the shaft center of the second gear through a synchronous belt; the first gear is 34 ^T M2 gear, second gear is 67 ^T M2 gear.

In order to better ensure the production of yak wool strips that can be used to process high-count yak wool yarns above 80Nm:

Further preferably, in the combing process of the fifth step, the number of feeding strands is 8 strands, the draft ratio in the rear area is 1.13-1.3, the total draft ratio is 6-11.2, the gauge is 20-25 mm, and the roller diameter is 35×27×27×27×27mm, speed 160-190 pincers/min, sliver fixed weight 9-12g/m; cylinder arc angle 90°-130°, top comb density 32-36 needles /cm, using the backward cotton feeding method, the cotton feeding length is 4.7mm, the nodding rate is controlled above 25%, the short fiber removal rate is above 75%, and the removal rate of nep impurities is above 80%.

In order to more effectively target the yak wool fibers after the first vibration opening:

Preferably, in the third step, based on the weight of the yak wool fiber obtained in the second step, 0.6-0.8% of CTA-1880 and crude oil, 0.45-0.50% of FX-AS20 antistatic agent are added by weight percentage And 5-12% water, control moisture regain at 20-25%, and balance for 12-24h.

This optimal scheme can effectively increase the lubrication between yak wool fibers after the first vibration opening, reduce static electricity, reduce the directional friction effect of fibers, and increase the cohesion between fibers.

In order to better make the yak wool fibers into finished products after the second vibration opening:

Preferably, in the carding process of the fifth step, the process principles of gentle carding, low speed, light weight, and small speed ratio are adopted, and the process parameters are: feeding roller speed 2.5-4.8r/min, cylinder speed 150-200r/min min, doffer speed 8.0-15.0r/min, transfer roller speed 110-150 r/min, raw sliver basis weight 5.0-9.5g/m.

Further preferably, in the pre-drawing process of the fifth step, the process parameters are: the number of pre-drawings is 6, the draft ratio in the back zone is 1.06-1.12; the center distance of the front rollers is 45-48mm, The center distance of the rollers is 41-45mm, and the center distance of the rollers in the rear area is 51-56mm;

In the fifth step of the strip drawing process, the process parameters are: 22-28 pre-drawn strips are used, the draft ratio is 1.28-1.32; the center distance of the rollers in the front area is 60-66mm, and the center distance of the rollers in the rear area is 62mm. -68mm.

In addition, other improvements include:

Preferably, in the fifth step, the carding process uses a cotton-type carding machine; the pre-drawing process uses a cotton-type drawing frame;

The present invention also provides:

A yak velvet strip for producing high-count yak velvet yarn, characterized in that the fiber fineness of the contained yak velvet fiber is below 17.5 μm and the fiber length is more than 39 mm; the yarn of the high-count yak velvet yarn The fineness is more than 80Nm; and it is prepared by the aforementioned carding process.

Compared with the prior art, the unique processing technology of the present invention can effectively reduce the damage to the fibers during the opening process, make the fiber distribution more fluffy, and the long fibers are easier to be carded and gathered into strips, so that the short fibers can be effectively removed and obtained Yak wool strips with a fiber fineness of less than 17.5 μm and a fiber length of more than 39 mm can be used to process high-count yak wool yarns of more than 80 Nm. The utilization rate of yak cashmere has enhanced the added value of yak cashmere worsted products.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the opening conveying platform used in Embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the transmission structure of beaters in the opening and conveying platform of the embodiment in Fig. 1 .

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with examples. However, the invention is not limited to the examples given.

Example 1

The present embodiment is used to produce the yak cashmere strip carding process of high-count yak cashmere yarn, comprising the following steps:

The first step, due to the large difference in length and thickness of yak wool fiber, the raw material of yak wool fiber should be pretreated. The pretreatment includes: picking and removing foreign fibers, etc.

In the second step, the first vibration opening is performed on the yak cashmere fiber obtained in the first step, and the yak cashmere fiber is opened and scattered; the first vibration opening is completed on the opening transmission platform.

As shown in Figure 1, the opening and conveying platform includes a conveyor belt 1 with a determined conveying direction, and above the conveying belt 1, along the conveying direction, first, second, and third opening beaters 4, 5, and 6 that move up and down while rotating are arranged in sequence. ; The first, second, and third opening beaters 4, 5, and 6 are respectively comb-type beaters and are parallel to each other; there is a distance between the first opening beater 4 and the end of the conveyor belt 1;

Specifically, the two ends of the conveyor belt 1 are respectively tightly sleeved on the driving shaft 3 and the driven shaft 2 parallel to each other; the driving shaft 3 is connected to the frequency conversion motor 12; The distance between the end of one side of the opening beater 5 and the first opening beater 4 is 1.1m.

As shown in Figure 2, the ends of the first, second, and third opening beaters 4, 5, and 6 are respectively coaxially fixed with a first gear 7, and the first gear 7 meshes with the corresponding second gear 8, and the second gear 7 meshes with the corresponding second gear 8. The gear 8 is an eccentric gear, the axis of the second gear 8 is connected to the corresponding servo motor 10, and the second gear 8 makes an elliptical motion around its axis 11. The first and second gears 7, 8 and the servo motor 10 constitute Cam type beater transmission mechanism.

In addition, the conveyor belt 1 has a width of 2.0m and a length of 4.5-10.0m (9.0m in this embodiment); the diameters of the first, second and third opening beaters 4, 5 and 6 are respectively 12.5cm; the servo motor 10 It is connected with the second gear axis 11 through the synchronous belt 9; the first gear 7 is a 34 ^T M2 gear, and the second gear 8 is a 67 ^T M2 gear.

The first vibration opening process is as follows: evenly spread the yak wool fiber obtained in the first step on the conveyor belt 1 to form a fiber layer; the speed of the conveyor belt 1 is 1.2m/min; the first, second, and third opening The distances between the loose beaters 4, 5, 6 and the fiber layer are respectively -3.5cm, the speeds of the first, second and third loose beaters 4, 5, 6 are respectively 145r/min, the first and second open The spacing between the 5 loose beaters and the distance between the second and the third loose beaters are 0.5m respectively. The beaters loosen and disperse the fibers under the condition of high-speed operation.

In the third step, the wool oil, antistatic agent and water are sprayed layer by layer to the yak wool fiber obtained in the second step, while controlling the moisture regain within the preset range and balancing the preset time.

Specifically, based on the weight of the yak wool fiber obtained in the second step, 0.8% of CTA-1880 and crude oil, 0.45% of FX-AS20 antistatic agent and 8% of water were added by weight percentage to control the moisture regain at 24%, balance 24h. This can effectively increase the lubrication between the yak wool fibers after the first vibration opening, reduce static electricity, reduce the directional friction effect of the fibers, and increase the cohesion between the fibers.

In the fourth step, the yak down fiber obtained in the third step is subjected to the second vibration opening, and the yak down fiber is opened into a loose floc; the second vibration opening is completed on the opening transmission platform used in the second step.

The process of the second vibratory opening process is as follows: evenly spread the yak cashmere fiber obtained in the third step on the conveyor belt 1 to form a fiber layer; the speed of the conveyor belt 1 is 2.25m/min; The distances between the loose beaters 4, 5, 6 and the fiber layer are respectively -3.5cm, the speeds of the first, second and third loose beaters 4, 5, 6 are respectively 120r/min, the first and second open The spacing between the loose beaters 5 and the distance between the second and the third loose beaters are 0.4m respectively. After the second vibration opening, the fibers are opened into loose flocs, which is beneficial to combing the long fibers neatly and eliminating the short fibers during the carding process.

In the fifth step, the yak cashmere fiber obtained in the fourth step is sequentially subjected to a carding process, a pre-drawing process, a strip and coiling process, and a combing process to obtain a combed yak cashmere strip; a combing process, a pre-drawing process, and a strip and coiling process The combing process is carried out on the corresponding cotton type equipment respectively.

Specifically, in the carding process, the cotton-type carding machine A186G is adopted, and the process principles of soft carding, low speed, light weight, and small speed ratio are adopted. The process parameters are: feeding roller speed 3.5r/min, cylinder speed 175r /min, doffer speed 10.5r/min, transfer roller speed 110r/min, raw sliver basis weight 5.0g/m. The carding process is the key to the whole velvet preparation process, and its carding quality directly has an important impact on the quality of the semi-finished products in the subsequent process.

In the pre-drawing process, the cotton-type draw frame FA302 is used, and the process parameters are: the number of pre-drawing and combination is 6, the draft ratio in the rear area is 1.09; the center distance of the rollers in the front area is 45mm, and the center distance of the rollers in the middle area is . 41mm, and the center distance of the rollers in the rear area is 52mm.

In the sliver doubling process, a cotton-type sliver doubling machine E5/3 is used, and the process parameters are: 24-28 pre-drawn dowels are used, and the draft ratio is 1.28; the center distance of the front rollers is 60mm, and the center distance of the rear rollers The distance is 64mm.

The task of combing is to remove impurities and short fibers, and to remove fibers with shorter fiber lengths through the combing process to improve the quality of the pile. Because the present invention will make the combed yak velvet sliver that can be used to produce high-count yak velvet yarn with a yarn fineness above 80Nm, so the parameter configuration of the combing process is required to be more scientific and reasonable.

Specifically, in the combing process, a cotton-type JSFA288A comber is used, the number of feeding roots is 8, the draft ratio in the rear area is 1.13, the total draft ratio is 7.81, the gauge is 21mm, and the roller diameter is 35× 27×27×27×27mm, the speed is 165 clamps/min, the fixed weight of the sliver is 9.4g/m; The cotton length is 4.7 mm, the noil control rate is 25%, the short fiber removal rate is 79%, and the nep removal rate is 85%.

The combed yak wool strip that present embodiment finally makes can reach following quality index:

Example 2

The present embodiment is used to produce the yak cashmere carding process of high-count yak cashmere yarn, the basic steps are the same as in Example 1, and the specific parameters of each step are different, as follows:

(1) In the second step, the distance between the end of the conveyor belt 1 located on the side of the first opening beater 4 away from the second opening beater 5 and the first opening beater 4 is 0.9m. Conveyor belt 1 width is 2.1m, and length is 10.0m; The diameter of the first, second and third opening beaters 4,5,6 is respectively 14.5cm.

During the first vibration opening process, the speed of conveyor belt 1 is 0.9m/min; the distances between the first, second and third opening beaters 4, 5, 6 and the fiber layer are respectively -3.5cm, and the first The rotating speed of one, the second, the 3rd opening beating hands 4,5,6 is respectively 150r/min, and the spacing of the first and the second opening beating hands 5, the spacing of the second and the 3rd opening beating hands are respectively 0.5m.

(2) In the third step, based on the weight of the second step gained yak hair fiber, add 0.75% CTA-1880 and crude oil, 0.50% FX-AS20 antistatic agent and 10% water by weight percentage, Control moisture regain at 23%, balance for 18h.

(3) In the fourth step, the second vibration opening process is as follows: the speed of the conveyor belt 1 is 3.4m/min; The spacing is -3.0cm, the first, second, and third opening beaters 4, 5, and 6 have a rotational speed of 110r/min respectively, the distance between the first and second opening beaters 5, the second and third opening beaters The distance between the thugs is 0.4m.

(4) In the fifth step, the technological parameters of the carding process are: feeding roller speed 4.0r/min, cylinder speed 200r/min, doffer speed 8.0r/min, transfer roller speed 125r/min, raw sliver weight 6.5g/min m.

The process parameters of the pre-drawing process are: the number of pre-drawings is 6, the draft ratio in the rear area is 1.12; the center distance of the rollers in the front area is 45mm, the center distance of the rollers in the middle area is 42mm, and the center distance of the rollers in the rear area is 53mm.

The technical parameters of the strip drawing process are as follows: 24 pre-drawn strips are used, the draft ratio is 1.32; the center distance of the rollers in the front area is 62mm, and the center distance of the rollers in the rear area is 66mm.

In the combing process, the feeding number is 8, the draft ratio in the rear area is 1.15, the total draft ratio is 8.07, the gauge is 22mm, the roller diameter is 35×27×27×27×27mm, and the speed is 175 tongs times/min, sliver fixed weight is 9.8g/m; cylinder camber angle is 130°, top comb density is 36 needles/cm, back feeding method is adopted, cotton feeding length is 4.7mm, and nodding rate is controlled at 26 %, the removal rate of short fiber is 76%, and the removal rate of nep impurities is 84%.

The quality index that the combed yak wool strip that present embodiment finally makes is identical with embodiment 1.

In addition to the above-mentioned embodiments, the present invention can also have other implementations. All technical solutions formed by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of yak cashmere strip carding process for producing high-count yak cashmere yarn is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: The first step is to pretreat the yak cashmere fiber raw material, the pretreatment includes: picking and removing foreign fibers; In the second step, the yak velvet fiber obtained in the first step is opened by the first vibration, and the yak velvet fiber is opened and loosened; The third step is to spray the wool oil, antistatic agent and water layer by layer to the yak wool fiber obtained in the second step, while controlling the moisture regain within the preset range and balancing the preset time; The fourth step is to carry out the second vibration opening of the yak cashmere fiber obtained in the third step, and open the yak cashmere fiber into a loose floc; In the fifth step, the yak cashmere fiber obtained in the fourth step is sequentially subjected to a carding process, a pre-drawing process, a strip and coiling process, and a combing process to obtain a combed yak cashmere strip; the carding process, the pre-drawing process, and the strip and Rolling process and combing process are carried out on corresponding cotton-type equipment respectively. 2. according to claim 1, be used to produce the yak cashmere strip carding process of high-count yak cashmere yarn, it is characterized in that, the first road vibration opening of the second step and the second road vibration opening of the fourth step are respectively in The opening and conveying platform is completed; The opening conveying platform includes a conveying belt with a determined conveying direction, above the conveying belt there are sequentially arranged first, second and third opening beating hands which move up and down while rotating; the first, second, The third opening beaters are respectively comb-type beaters and are parallel to each other; there is a distance between the first opening beaters and the end of the conveyor belt; The first vibration opening process is as follows: evenly spread the yak wool fiber obtained in the first step on the conveyor belt to form a fiber layer; the speed of the conveyor belt is 0.5-2.5m/min; the first, The distances between the second and third opening beaters and the fiber layer are respectively -4.5 to 0 cm, the speeds of the first, second and third opening beaters are respectively 80-150 r/min, and the first and third opening beaters are respectively The distance between the second opening beater and the distance between the second and third opening beaters are 0.3-1.2m respectively; The second vibratory opening process is as follows: evenly spread the yak wool fiber obtained in the third step on the conveyor belt to form a fiber layer; the speed of the conveyor belt is 1.5-5.0m/min; the first, The distances between the second and third opening beaters and the fiber layer are respectively -3.5 to 0 cm, the speeds of the first, second and third opening beaters are respectively 60-120 r/min, and the first and third opening beaters are respectively The distance between the second opening beaters and the distance between the second and third opening beaters are respectively 0.3-0.8m. 3. according to claim 2, be used to produce the yak velvet strip carding process of high-count yak velvet yarn, it is characterized in that, the two ends of described conveyer belt are respectively tightly sleeved on the driving shaft and the driven shaft parallel to each other; The driving shaft is connected with the frequency conversion motor; the distance between the end of the conveyor belt located on the side of the first opening beater away from the second opening beater and the first opening beater is 0.8-1.2m; the first 1. The ends of the second and third opening beaters are respectively coaxially fixed with first gears, and the first gears mesh with the corresponding second gears. The second gears are eccentric gears, and the shafts of the second gears The heart is connected with the corresponding servo motor transmission, and the first and second gears and the servo motor constitute a cam type beater transmission mechanism. 4. The process for carding yak velvet strips for producing high-count yak velvet yarn according to claim 3, characterized in that, the width of the conveyor belt is 1.5-2.5m; the first, second, and third opening beaters The diameters are 12.5-15cm respectively; the servo motor is transmitted and connected with the shaft center of the second gear through a synchronous belt; the first gear is a 34 ^T M2 gear, and the second gear is a 67 ^T M2 gear. 5. according to claim 1 or 2, be used to produce the yak velvet strip carding process of high-count yak velvet yarn, it is characterized in that, in the combing process of the 5th step, the number of feeding roots is 8, and the rear area is drafted The multiple is 1.13-1.3, the total draft multiple is 6-11.2, the gauge is 20-25mm, the diameter of the roller is 35×27×27×27×27mm, the speed is 160-190 clamps/min, and the fixed weight of the sliver is 9 -12g/m; cylinder arc angle is 90°-130°, top comb density is 32-36 needles/cm, adopts backward feeding method, cotton feeding length is 4.7mm, and the nodding rate is controlled above 25%. The removal rate of linters is above 75%, and the removal rate of nep impurities is above 80%. 6. according to claim 1 and 2, be used to produce the yak cashmere strip carding process of high-count yak cashmere yarn, it is characterized in that, in the 3rd step, take the weight of second step gained yak cashmere fiber as benchmark, by weight percentage Add 0.6-0.8% of CTA-1880 and crude oil, 0.45-0.50% of FX-AS20 antistatic agent and 5-12% of water, control the moisture regain at 20-25%, and balance for 12-24h. 7. according to claim 1 or 2, be used to produce the yak cashmere strip carding process of high-count yak cashmere yarn, it is characterized in that, in the carding process of the 5th step, adopt gentle carding, low speed, light quantitative, small speed ratio According to the process principle, the process parameters are: feeding roller speed 2.5-4.8r/min, cylinder speed 150-200r/min, doffer speed 8.0-15.0r/min, transfer roller speed 110-150r/min, raw sliver weight 5.0 -9.5g/m. 8. according to claim 7, be used to produce the yak cashmere strip carding process of high-count yak cashmere yarn, it is characterized in that, in the pre-drawing process of the 5th step, process parameter is: pre-drawing and combined number is 6 , the draft ratio in the rear area is 1.06-1.12; the center distance of the rollers in the front area is 45-48mm, the center distance of the rollers in the middle area is 41-45mm, and the center distance of the rollers in the rear area is 51-56mm; In the fifth step of the strip drawing process, the process parameters are: 22-28 pre-drawn strips are used, the draft ratio is 1.28-1.32; the center distance of the front rollers is 60-66mm, and the center distance of the back rollers is 62mm. -68mm. 9. A yak velvet strip for producing high-count yak velvet yarn is characterized in that the fiber fineness of the contained yak velvet fiber is below 17.5 μm and the fiber length is more than 39 mm; the high-count yak velvet yarn The fineness of the yarn is above 80Nm; and it is produced by the carding process described in any one of claims 1 to 8.