CN104071896A - Granule sludge and biological film coupled integrated sewage treatment method and treatment device suitable for same - Google Patents
Granule sludge and biological film coupled integrated sewage treatment method and treatment device suitable for same Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a granule sludge and biological film coupled integrated sewage treatment method and a treatment device suitable for the same. A reactor is internally filled with granule sludge, suspended sludge and filler, wherein a biological film is formed on the filler; the granule sludge is coupled with the suspended sludge and the biological film by utilizing the high efficiency of the granule sludge; meanwhile, a micro-aerobic aeration environment is provided at a proper position in the reactor, and an anaerobic region, an anoxic region and an aerobic region are formed in the reactor, so that an anaerobic microenvironment, an anoxic microenvironment and an aerobic microenvironment are coupled; in addition, the double circulation that part of sludge in the anaerobic region returns to the aerobic region and part of sludge in the aerobic region returns to the anaerobic region is provided, and a proper quantity of sludge in the aerobic region is discharged, so that the synchronous and efficient removal of COD, N, P and the like in sewage is finally realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to environmental technology field, be specifically related to a kind of granule sludge biological film coupling integral sewage disposal process and treatment unit thereof.
Background technology
A series of difficult problems such as it is large that traditional municipal effluent and Industrial Wastewater Treatment main process---aerobic process (aerobic activated sludge process or aerobic biological film method) is faced with floor space, and surplus sludge volume is many, and aeration rate is large.
For the large problem of floor space, integrated is direction.
Many and the large problem of aeration rate for surplus sludge volume, both must combine consideration.Aerobic system is large just because of aeration rate, and mud (microorganism) growth is fast, just directly causes surplus sludge volume many.For this reason, solve the many and aeration rate the most basic large way of surplus sludge volume and reduce exactly aeration rate.Adopt system for anaerobic treatment, these two costs on the higher scale relevant with aerobic wastewater treatment of aeration and sludge disposal expense will reduce theatrically.Especially the appearance of New high-rate anaerobic reactor, makes anaerobic technology again cause efforts at environmental protection person's concern.Although high-rate anaerobic reactor can significantly reduce aeration rate (there is no aeration) and surplus sludge volume (sludge yield be aerobic system 1/5 to 1/10), has occurred again: high speed anaerobic biological treatment can not solve the removal problem of N, P with stylish problem.
Anaerobic expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactor has the features such as sludge concentration is high, mass transfer effect is good, and do not need aeration, surplus sludge volume seldom, and can efficiently remove organic pollutant, toxicity difficult degradation pollution substance is also had to good removal effect, but N and P are not almost removed, and the removal effect of SS is also undesirable.There is investigator to propose separately to add the removal that aerobic membrane bioreactor is strengthened N, P, colourity and turbidity etc. after EGSB reactor, but exist a large amount of aerations to need the deficiency of a large amount of power consumptions, and the removal effect of N, P is undesirable (because there is the accumulation of meta-bolites between two-stage reactor, affecting the treatment effect of whole system) then also.Have investigator to propose, in EGSB reactor, add a membrane module, form anaerobic membrane bioreactor, and by micro-oxygen aeration, strengthen the removal of N, but the method does not finally solve the removal problem of P yet yet.Also have investigator to propose by micro-oxygen aeration, rely on EGSB reactor endoparticle mud, form aerobic-anaerobic-anaerobism combinational environment, reach the synchronous object of removing COD, N and P, but the removal effect of N and P, especially P is still not good.
For the removal of N, although proposed at present the various reaction mechanisms such as synchronous nitration and denitrification, short-cut nitrification and denitrification, the abundant assurance of anoxic, aerobic environment is still key; For the removal of P, also there is at present the various mechanism such as denitrification dephosphorization, anaerobism dephosphorization, but still the effect that need combine and just can reach desirable with the anaerobic phosphorus release of dephosphorization bacterial, aerobic suction phosphorus.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of granule sludge biological film coupling integral sewage disposal process and treatment unit thereof, to reach synchronous high-efficiency, remove the object of COD, N and P in sewage.
Granule sludge biological film coupling integral sewage disposal process of the present invention utilizes the high efficiency of granule sludge in to the treating processes of sewage, and and biological film coupling; In reactor, appropriate location provides micro-oxygen aeration environment simultaneously, forms anaerobic zone and aerobic zone in reactor, realizes the coupling of anaerobism microenvironment and aerobic microenvironment; Also guaranteed two circulations that in system, mud circulates to anaerobic zone from aerobic zone to aerobic zone circulation, sewage from anaerobic zone simultaneously, and the appropriate spoil disposal of aerobic zone, finally realized the synchronous high-efficiency of COD, N, P etc. in sewage and removed.
Granule sludge biological film coupling integral sewage disposal process of the present invention is:
A. on a top, be provided with projection and three-phase separating device, and in a side, in the reactor with settling section, load granule sludge and suspended sludge, filler is partly housed near a side of settling section, more than projection at the reactor first half, on filler, form microbial film, for pollution degradation material, form biomembranous filler for helping sludge settling, strengthening effluent quality simultaneously;
B. the aerating apparatus by being located at reactor middle and upper part is to oxygen supply in reactor, to form the anaerobic zone of bottom and the aerobic zone on top in reactor, and the oxygen-starved area of transition between aerobic zone and anaerobic zone, described filler is positioned at upper part of aerobic zone, to form the coupling of anaerobic zone, oxygen-starved area and aerobic zone in reactor, granule sludge, suspended sludge and biomembranous coupling, the coupling of the inside and outside anerobe of granule sludge, aerobic bacteria and amphimicrobe, the coupling of the inside and outside anerobe of microbial film, aerobic bacteria and amphimicrobe;
C. raw waste water, aerobic zone recirculation water are entered in reactor through water-distributing device by reactor lower part anaerobic zone, pass through successively anaerobic zone, oxygen-starved area and aerobic zone in reactor, granule sludge, suspended sludge and microbial film acting in conjunction, by after water pollutant degraded, biological treatment of water enters settling section clarification;
D. in reactor, the part mud of anaerobic zone is back to the aerobic zone on reactor top through mud return line from reactor bottom, on projection top, middle part, aerobic zone, establishes the regularly appropriate spoil disposal of mud discharging mouth, and all the other mud fall after rise to anaerobic zone; Form the circulation of mud in reactor,
E. the part of contaminated water of reactor aerobic zone through being arranged on the sewage backflow pipe of projection bottom and being back to reactor lower part so that granular mud bed abundant expansion, reinforcing mass transfer;
F. the gas producing in mud, biological treatment of water, sewage treatment process through be positioned at the projection on reactor top separated with three-phase separating device after, mud is got back in reactor, biological treatment of water is directly discharged after entering the clarification of reactor settling section, gas is collected by gas collector or directly discharge, and directly the processing volume of water of discharge is identical with the raw waste water volume that enters reactor within the unit time;
Above process is carried out continuously.
The present invention also provides a kind for the treatment of unit that is applicable to above-mentioned granule sludge biological film coupling integral sewage disposal process simultaneously, and this device comprises:
One for storing the waste water tank of sewage, and the water outlet of this waste water tank is connected with the water-in that is positioned at reactor lower part by water inlet pipe, for sewage is passed into reactor;
A reactor, for loaded particles mud, suspended sludge and for the filler of attached biological film, the sewage entering in reactor is processed, on the top of described reactor, be provided with projection and three-phase separating device, for carrying out the separation of gas-liquid-solid in reactor, projection top, reactor top one side is provided with a settling section, and bottom, described settling section is communicated with reactor, for processing water is collected in settling section;
Aerating apparatus, is arranged on the middle and upper part of reactor, for appropriate oxygen supply in reactor, thereby in reactor, forms the aerobic zone on top and the anaerobic zone of bottom, and the region being connected with aerobic zone on top, anaerobic zone forms an oxygen-starved area;
Mud return line, is connected between reactor bottom and top, for the sludge lifting of reactor lower part anaerobic zone being back to the aerobic zone on reactor top, forms sludge circulation, guarantees that mud is intermittently in anaerobic and aerobic state;
Filler, is arranged on the connection of reactor internal upper part mud return line and enters below reactor location, region more than projection, a side near settling section, for forming microbial film on filler, with granule sludge, suspended sludge coupling treatment of sewage water, and hold back returned sluge and do not enter settling section;
Sewage backflow pipe, is arranged on the middle and lower part, aerobic zone of reactor projection below, be connected with the water inlet pipe of reactor lower part, for by aerobic zone sewage backflow to reactor lower part;
Shore pipe, is arranged on middle part, aerobic zone, reactor projection top, for discharging excess sludge;
Rising pipe, is located at the top of reactor settling section, for discharging processing water;
And,
On every pipeline, be provided with valve, for controlling and regulate the flow of flowing water in this pipeline.
Wherein, described in to be arranged on the height location of water inlet pipe of reactor lower part adjustable, for controlling the position of anaerobic zone in reactor.
And then the present invention is also provided with water-distributing device in reactor, described water-distributing device is connected with described water-in, is ring pipe, establishes water distributing pore and make into water along in the horizontal tangent direction inflow reactor of ring, to guarantee that granule sludge is not damaged on ring pipe.
The present invention uses above-mentioned granule sludge biological film coupling integral sewage disposal process and treatment unit, by appropriate aeration in high speed upwelling anaerobic granular sludge reactor, filling filler in conjunction with bottom sludge reflux, the measures such as middle and upper part sewage backflow, in single reaction vessel, realized anaerobic zone, the coupling of aerobic zone and oxygen-starved area, anaerobism, the coupling of anoxic and aerobic microenvironment, granule sludge, the coupling of microbial film and suspended sludge, the coupling of anaerobism+aerobic and anaerobism+anoxic+aerobic duplexing process flow, thereby in a reactor, set up a sewage biological treatment system, can energy-conservation (minimizing aeration rate) reduce discharging (minimizing sludge discharge), can high efficiency synchronous remove COD again simultaneously, N and P, having realized the synchronous high-efficiency of multiple toxicity difficult degradation pollution substance waste water removes.
Overall system structure of the present invention is compact, floor space is little, and reactor internal contamination thing degradation capability is strong, and removal efficiency is high, and the residence time is short, has overcome traditional wastewater denitrification dephosphorization technique flow process complicated, and energy consumption is high, does not meet the deficiency of low-carbon economy requirement.
One of feature of the present invention is granule sludge and biomembranous coupling.
Granule sludge is that flora height is abundant, arranges enough closely, and metabolic substd transmission is fast microbial aggregate enough.Adopt granular sludge reactor, and in conjunction with upwelling operation scheme, guaranteed the good sedimentation function of granule sludge, and then guaranteed sufficiently high sludge concentration and sludge activity in reactor.Much research shows, granular sludge reactor, especially high velocity particle sewage sludge reactor can efficiently be removed pollution substance, especially some toxicity difficult degradation pollution substances.But traditional upwelling granular sludge reactor, when guaranteeing high mud load rate and high treatment efficiency, is often difficult to guarantee the efficient removal of SS, effluent SS content higher (when especially upflow velocity is high) even, effluent quality is difficult to guarantee.The present invention has realized the coupling of microbial film and granule sludge, and further the pollution substance (especially some toxicity difficult degradation pollution substances) in sewage is removed in strengthening on the one hand, can fully guarantee on the other hand the efficient removal of effluent SS.
Simultaneously, also just because of reactor top filler and biomembranous existence, make the present invention at reactor bottom sludge reflux to reactor head, whole reactor middle and upper part also exists in the situation of granule sludge and suspended sludge in a large number, and the effluent quality of settling section (being mainly SS) still can guarantee.
Two of feature of the present invention is aerobic and coupling anaerobism.
One of coupling (dystopy coupling): the coupling of anaerobic zone and aerobic zone.The present invention passes through at reactor middle and upper part aeration, in formation aerobic zone, the top of reactor, formation anaerobic zone, middle and lower part, and between Zhe Liangge district, have that sufficient mud mixes, the timely transmission of meta-bolites, thus guaranteed the efficient removal of dirty pollutant in water.This coupling has structurally realized integrated (there is oxygen-starved area aerobic and anaerobism centre in fact) of aerobic and anaerobism, has A
2/ O function, makes the present invention have the function of synchronous removal organic pollutant and denitrogenation dephosphorizing, also have the function of a lot of toxicity difficult degradation of synchronous removal pollution substance, and the material transfer of the present invention between each district is more timely, and processing efficiency is higher.
Two (coordination couplings) of coupling: the coupling of anaerobism microenvironment and aerobic microenvironment.In reactor of the present invention, the main existence of mud is granule sludge and microbial film, but this granule sludge and microbial film can suitably obtain oxygen through two kinds of measures, thereby make it to a certain extent in micro-oxygen environment, finally realized granule sludge surface and coupling (measure one: reactor middle and upper part aeration and top, aeration position sewage backflow are to reactor lower part inner aerobic and anaerobism microenvironment; Measure two: reactor lower part mud is back to reactor top through mud return line, and automatic fall-back is to reactor lower part, the middle experience aerobic aeration stage).This is coupling in and in microenvironment, has realized the integrated of aerobic and anaerobism (and anoxic), i.e. integrated (synchronous high-efficiency that can realize some pollution substances is removed) in function.And, this coupling makes can realize some special biological actions in reactor of the present invention: the effect of short distance synchronous nitration and denitrification, the synergy of anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria and aerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, the synergy of anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria, methanobacteria and denitrifying bacteria, denitrification dephosphorization effect, anaerobism dephosphorization function etc.
Three of feature of the present invention is dual reflux of sewage and mud.
Sewage backflow: the sewage after aeration granule sludge is processed is back to reactor lower part in time from reactor middle and upper part.The effect one of sewage backflow is to improve liquid upflow velocity in reactor, and reinforcing mass transfer effect, improves contaminants removal rate, especially some difficult degradation pollution substances; The 2nd, allow sewage experience successively anaerobism (district)+aerobic (district)+anaerobism (district)+aerobic (district)+... circulation, effectively remove various pollution substances (pollution substance that is difficult to merely removal under anaerobism or aerobic condition, such as some difficult degradation pollution substances, N, P etc.).
Sludge reflux: reactor bottom anaerobic zone sludge lifting is back to reactor head.The sludge lifting that bottom fully can be released to phosphorus through anaerobism is like this to the aerobic abundant suction phosphorus of reactor head experience, and eliminating in time, further strengthens the removal of P.Make simultaneously mud experience successively anaerobism (district)+aerobic (district)+anaerobism (district)+aerobic (district)+... circulation, effectively remove various pollution substances.
Four of feature of the present invention is circulations that granule sludge has successively experienced anaerobic-aerobic-anaerobic environment, has fully used for reference the concept of SBR, is the equal of continuous SBR reactor operational mode, but in reactor, is not active sludge but granule sludge.
Reactor of the present invention falls (reactor top granule sludge automatic fall-back is to reactor bottom) after rise by sludge circulation (reactor bottom granule sludge is circulated to reactor head) and mud, and the suitable aeration of the interior appropriate location of association reaction device, make granule sludge successively experience the environment of anaerobic-aerobic-anoxic.
SBR technology is that mud experiences anaerobism+anoxic+aerobic environment in time, but be in operation, also need in addition have sedimentation time and water discharge time, so the technique that the present invention proposes more has superiority, (operation, does not need sludge settling time and water discharge time continuously, efficiency is higher), had traditional A concurrently
2the advantage of/0 continuous operation advantage and the anaerobic-anoxic-oxic circular flow in time of SBR technology mud, the while combines again the advantage of granule sludge.
Five of feature of the present invention is that sewage can experience two kinds of technical process in same reactor: anaerobism+aerobic, anaerobism+anoxic+aerobic.
Sewage is from reactor lower part enters reactor, and a part can be processed through the anaerobic sludge of reactor bottom, together with sludge reflux, to aerobic zone, then experiences aerobic zone microbial film and granule sludge associated treatment.Another part sewage experience anaerobic treatment+anoxic+aerobic treatment that can rise.Final all in the discharge of the settling section on reactor top.
For technique one, anaerobism+aerobic, sludge concentration is relatively high, and mud exists with granule sludge, microbial film and three kinds of states of suspended sludge, and biophase is relatively abundant.
For technique two, anaerobism+anoxic+aerobic, sewage has really experienced anaerobism+anoxic+aerobic three phases, and along with the adjustment of water inlet position and the change of Sludge Property, the time length of anaerobic stages is adjustable; For anoxic section, along with the adjustment of aeration rate size, this stage is also adjustable.
Six of feature of the present invention is that water inlet position can be selected to adjust.
Water-in is selected in reactor lower part rather than bottom, for an anaerobic environment that mud is pure is provided, what guarantee in this region mud fully releases phosphorus, thereby guarantee the abundant suction phosphorus of mud when next stage, sludge reflux was to reactor head aerobic zone, and then the high phosphorus content of mud while guaranteeing follow-up spoil disposal, guarantee the high dephosphorizing rate of system.And the position of reactor lower part water-in is adjustable, the different phosphorus time of releasing of anaerobic zone mud to be provided according to operating performance and demand and to release phosphorus effect, and then guarantee the abundant suction phosphorus effect of aerobic zone mud, the phosphor-removing effect of final decision whole system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of granule sludge biological film coupling integrated sewage treating apparatus of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1.
The structure of granule sludge biological film coupling integrated sewage treating apparatus as shown in Figure 1, is comprised of reactor 6 and waste water tank 1.
Reactor adopts stainless steel to make, and is divided into reaction zone (comprising anaerobic zone 7, oxygen-starved area 8 and aerobic zone 9) and settling section 13 two portions.Wherein, bottom, reaction zone internal diameter 100mm, height 1.8m; Top internal diameter 90mm, height 0.6m, volume is 18L altogether; Settling section is the annulated column of interior ring internal diameter 90mm and bore diameter of outer ring 150mm, height 0.6m, volume 3.5L(1/2nd volumes).Reactor carries out rotproofing in advance, is inside useful on granule sludge, suspended sludge and the microbial film of pollution substance in degrading waste water.
Waste water tank is used for storing sewage, and its water outlet is connected with reactor water-in 4 with intake pump 3 by water inlet pipe 2, for sewage is passed into reactor.
In the bottom of reactor, be provided with a water-distributing device 5, this water-distributing device is ring pipe, establishes water distributing pore and make into water along in the tangential direction inflow reactor of ring on ring pipe, and this water-distributing device is connected with the water-in of reactor.Aerating apparatus 23 is arranged on the middle and upper part of reactor, between anaerobic zone (+oxygen-starved area) and aerobic zone, is connected, for appropriate oxygen supply in reactor with the gas meter 22 of reactor outside with air compressor machine 21.Projection 10 and three-phase separating device 12 are arranged on the top of reactor, between reactor aerobic zone and settling section, for carrying out the separation of gas-liquid-solid in reactor.Top, aerobic zone at reactor, mud return line 17 connects below the position that enters reactor, region more than projection, near settling section one side, filler 11 is housed, be used for holding back returned sluge and guarantee not enter settling section, on filler, form microbial film, with granule sludge, suspended sludge coupling, further process pollutant in water and SS simultaneously.
Bottom at reactor is provided with mud return line, through sludge reflux pump 16, the sludge lifting of reactor anaerobic zone is back to the aerobic zone on reactor top, forms sludge circulation, guarantees that reactor endoparticle mud is intermittently in anaerobic and aerobic state.Middle and lower part (projection below) in reactor aerobic zone is provided with sewage backflow pipe 20, through sewage backflow pump 19 by the sewage backflow of reactor aerobic zone to reactor lower part, make sewage in reactor, experience anaerobism (anoxic)+aerobic+anaerobism (anoxic) ... circulation, efficiently process.At middle part, reactor aerobic zone, (without the projection top of settling section one side) is provided with shore pipe 18, for discharging excess sludge.At the top of reactor settling section, be provided with rising pipe 15, for processing water discharge.
The sewage that enters reactor is divided into two portions, and a part upwards obtains processing water and gas after anaerobic zone, oxygen-starved area, aerobic zone granule sludge and suspended sludge are processed; A part is back to downwards the aerobic zone on reactor top together through Bing Yu anaerobic zone, anaerobic zone mud, through granule sludge and suspended sludge and biomembranous associated treatment, obtain processing water and gas.Granule sludge (suspended sludge), process water and the gas that produces in treating processes separated through being positioned at projection, the three-phase separating device (and filler of attached biological film) on reactor top, gas is from the discharge of reactor top or collect utilization, granule sludge is thoroughly separated with processing water, granule sludge is got back in reactor, process water through settling section and the final reactor rising pipe that passes through, discharge after liquid meter 14 meterings.
Meanwhile, on above-mentioned each pipeline, be provided with valve 24, for controlling and regulate the flow of flowing water in this pipeline or mud.
The whole service process of above-mentioned granule sludge biological film coupling integrated sewage treating apparatus is divided into startup and two stages of steady running.
Unloading phase task have two: one, form fast granule sludge and microbial film; The 2nd, advantage is cultivated can synchronously remove COD, the crucial bacterial classification of denitrogenation dephosphorizing.
For unloading phase seed sludge, can select digested sludge, also can select to move the granule sludge in successful reactor, but it is less generally to have the granule sludge kind mud of synchronous removal COD and denitrogenation dephosphorizing function.Municipal administration digested sludge has the easily property obtained, and bacterial classification is abundant, and suitable cultivation domestication is applicable to process the granule sludge of various waste water, thus unloading phase preferentially select municipal digested sludge.
Unloading phase, in reactor, inoculate municipal digested sludge, first adopt low influent concentration, high flooding velocity and high quantity of reflux mode to move, with rapid screening dominant bacteria, stay in reactor and (can make the microorganism that is applicable to assembling remain in reactor, promote the formation of granule sludge), this stage, a large amount of mud was rushed out reactor, and the sludge concentration in reactor significantly reduces; Subordinate phase, according to first low flooding velocity and quantity of reflux, the mode of influent concentration and quantity of reflux that progressively improves is subsequently moved, to form the microecosystem of fixing balance within a short period of time, to form as early as possible high-activity particle mud; Phase III, improve fast influent concentration and (or) flooding velocity, form the biological community structure of stability and high efficiency more, also make that granule sludge is more regular, closely knit, stable, intensity is higher; Fourth stage, suitably reduces flooding velocity, improves sewage backflow amount, and the advantage of strengthened denitrification bacterium is cultivated; Five-stage, starts sludge reflux, and spoil disposal, further strengthens the removal of phosphorus in good time.The above operation phase, the water quality characteristics according to processing water, can make the appropriate adjustments or save.If have ripe operation and the kin granule sludge of disposing of sewage as kind of a mud, can carry out the adaptability of short-term cultivates rear (although process the granule sludge inoculation of similar sewage, but because reactor configuration is different, operational mode is different, in granule sludge, dominant microflora difference is very large, so must carry out adaptability cultivation), directly carry out the advantage of follow-up crucial bacterial classification and cultivate.
After reactor start-up success, cultivate some crucial bacterial classifications by advantage, the synchronous high-efficiency that obtains COD, N and P is removed.Synchronous high-efficiency for COD and N, P is removed, and one aspect of the present invention is relied on two coupled systems: the coupling of aerobic zone, oxygen-starved area and anaerobic zone (region A
2/ O), coupling (one's own department or unit A of aerobic microenvironment, anoxic microenvironment and anaerobism microenvironment
2/ O); Rely on the other hand the anaerobic-aerobic of mud-anaerobic environment circulation (A intermittently
2/ O).Wherein, may relate to short-cut nitrification and denitrification effect, synchronous nitration and denitrification effect, the synergy of anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria and aerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, the synergy of anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria, methanobacteria and denitrifying bacteria, denitrification dephosphorization effect, the anaerobic phosphorus release of anaerobism dephosphorization function and dephosphorization bacterial, the effect of aerobic suction phosphorus etc.The control of operational conditions is crucial, be specifically related to the control of aeration rate, the control of the control of sewage backflow amount, reactor operating parameter, the control of Sludge Property parameter, the control of sludge reflux amount, the control of sludge volume etc.
The dewatered sludge of getting Taiyuan sewage treatment plant digestion tank carries out, after activation recovering, being inoculated in test-reactor, and sanitary sewage is taken from Taiyuan university dependents' district, and inlet COD concentration 88-813mg/L starts operation under 35 ℃ of medium temperature conditions.Because sanitary sewage concentration is too low, high quantity of reflux is unfavorable to starting, but in order to guarantee effective hydraulic classification of starting stage, adopt the quick startup of high flooding velocity (being high influent load) and high water outlet quantity of reflux, during primary starting, hydraulic detention time HRT adopts 3.4h, flooding velocity 5.3L/h, effluent recycling amount 15L/h, organic loading reaches 0.67-6.21kgCOD/m
3this stage of d(maintains about one week); Flooding velocity is down to 1.0L/h subsequently, and quantity of reflux is down to 0L/h, according to reactor running condition, progressively promotes flooding quantity and quantity of reflux (this stage continues nearly 1 month), and this stage granule sludge progressively forms; Next flooding velocity is brought up to 10.6L/h fast, quantity of reflux 12L/h, the corresponding 1.34-12.42kgCOD/m that also brings up to of organic loading rate
3this stage of d(has the Granular sludge formation of the biological community structure of stability and high efficiency more).Above start-up course can start reactor fast in a wheat harvesting period, forms well behaved granule sludge, and sludge concentration reaches 27.9g/L, and VSS/SS reaches 0.65.In the starting period, process sanitary sewage respond well, when inlet COD concentration is 88-813mg/L, organic loading rate is 1.34-12.42kgCOD/m
3during d, water outlet COD scope is 14-175mg/L, and COD clearance can remain between 69%-86%.
Next give the appropriate aeration of reactor, progressively reduce flooding velocity to 3.5L/h, 2.5L/h, 1.5L/h, improve effluent recycling amount to 15L/h, 16L/h, 18L/h, the synchronous high-efficiency of strengthening COD, N and P is removed simultaneously.This process COD clearance has been increased to more than 90%, and ammonia nitrogen and TN clearance are also increased to more than 70%, but TP remove still maintain 37% low-level.Start reactor bottom sludge reflux, and according to the in good time spoil disposal of the running condition of reactor, this stage has formed the coupling of microbial film, suspended sludge and granule sludge, the coupling of aerobic zone, oxygen-starved area and anaerobic zone, the coupling of aerobic microenvironment, anoxic microenvironment and anaerobism microenvironment, the circulation of the anaerobic-aerobic of mud-anaerobic environment, has further strengthened the removal of COD, N and P.The clearance of this stage COD, ammonia nitrogen and TN and TP all progressively rises to more than 90%.Suitably improve flooding velocity to 3.5L/h, hydraulic detention time 5.1h steady running, influent COD 127-821mg/L, TN 36.7-89.1mg/L, NH
4 +-N 22.5-50.4mg/L, TP 1.9-14.6mg/L.Water outlet COD≤56mg/L, TN≤10.3mg/L, NH
4 +-N≤7.3mg/L, TP≤1.43mg/L.Effluent index reaches the requirement of discharging standards one-level B standard substantially.
Embodiment 2.
The dewatered sludge of getting Taiyuan sewage treatment plant digestion tank carries out after activation recovering, mix with a small amount of loose granule sludge that (this granule sludge is former in beer waste water, without any water logging under nutritional condition, do not placing 2 years) be inoculated into experiment with in reactor, adopt autogamy beer waste water, under 35 ℃ of conditions, start operation, maintain HRT3.4h, in one week, influent COD is brought up to 1200mg/L from 300mg/L, influent load is by 2.37kgCOD/m
3d brings up to 9.0kgCOD/m
3d, forms granule sludge fast, and now sludge concentration reaches 31.3g/L, and VSS/SS reaches 0.68, COD clearance and reaches 91.7%.With this granule sludge, directly process sanitary sewage subsequently, keep operating temperature to be controlled under the ambient temperature conditions of 11-24 ℃, water inlet HRT is 1.7h, when COD concentration is 127-424mg/L simultaneously, water outlet COD is 44.3-127.3mg/L, and COD clearance reaches 61%-72%.This stage ammonia nitrogen is not removed, and even for negative, removes, and P has seldom amount to remove.
Next start aerating apparatus and bottom sludge reflux system, progressively form the coupling of microbial film, suspended sludge and granule sludge, the coupling of aerobic zone, oxygen-starved area and anaerobic zone, the coupling of aerobic microenvironment, anoxic microenvironment and anaerobism microenvironment, after steady running, start sludge drainage system, this stage will be controlled aeration rate, sludge reflux amount and sludge volume, sewage backflow amount etc. well, and adjusts in time water inlet position according to running situation, to guarantee that the synchronous high-efficiency of COD, N and P removes.During steady running, equally for the ambient temperature conditions of 11-24 ℃, the HRT1.7h of intaking, influent COD is 136-463mg/L, TN is 21.3-56.3mg/L, NH
4 +-N is 13.7-43.6mg/L, and TP is 1.47-7.26mg/L.Water outlet COD≤58mg/L, TN≤14.3mg/L, NH
4 +-N≤8.6mg/L, TP≤1.38mg/L.Effluent index reaches the requirement of discharging standards one-level B standard substantially.
Embodiment 3.
(COD clearance can reach 70%-80% to get granule sludge in the Treatment of Wastewater in Coking pilot plant of steady running, ammonia nitrogen removal frank can reach 40%-50%), be inoculated into experiment with carrying out Treatment of Wastewater in Coking in reactor, coking chemical waste water is taken from coke-oven plant, Taiyuan City, and the concentration of influent COD, ammonia nitrogen, phenols, SCN and CN is respectively 630-950mgL
-1, 79-178mgL
-1, 19.6-453.3mgL
-1, 87.7-537.5mgL
-1, 0.79-51.8mgL
-1.
Start sewage backflow, sludge reflux and aeration simultaneously, form micro-oxygen environment of appropriate location in the Efficient Cycle of sewage and the Efficient Cycle of mud and reactor, progressively in reactor, form the coupling of microbial film, suspended sludge and granule sludge; The coupling of aerobic zone, oxygen-starved area and anaerobic zone; The coupling of aerobic microenvironment, anoxic microenvironment and anaerobism microenvironment, this stage obvious characteristic is exactly: the removal of COD, phenols, CN steadily improves, and especially SCN and ammonia nitrogen removal frank obviously improve.During steady running, adopt 1.5Lh
-1flooding velocity, 19.2Lh
-1effluent recycling amount, HRT is 12h, under 22-28 ℃ of condition, for 630-950mgL
-1, 79-178mgL
-1, 19.6-453.3mgL
-1, 87.7-537.5mgL
-1, 0.79-51.8mgL
-1influent COD, ammonia nitrogen, phenols, SCN and CN concentration, clearance reaches respectively 71.6%-82.1%, 79.5%-92.7%, 94%-100%, 91.9%-96.3% and 89.8%-98.1%.Reactor endoparticle mud, suspended sludge and microbial film are functional.Adopt two-stage reactor can obtain 90% above COD and ammonia nitrogen removal frank, COD and ammonia nitrogen on average go out water concentration and have all reached < < integrated wastewater discharge standard > > (GB 8978-1996).
Claims (4)
1. a granule sludge biological film coupling integral sewage disposal process, comprising:
A. on a top, be provided with projection and three-phase separating device, and in a side, in the reactor with settling section, load granule sludge and suspended sludge, the reactor first half near a side of settling section, more than projection part filler is housed, on filler, form microbial film;
B. the aerating apparatus by being located at reactor middle and upper part is to oxygen supply in reactor, to form the anaerobic zone of bottom and the aerobic zone on top in reactor, and the oxygen-starved area of transition between aerobic zone and anaerobic zone, described filler is positioned at upper part of aerobic zone, to form the coupling of anaerobic zone, oxygen-starved area and aerobic zone in reactor, granule sludge, suspended sludge and biomembranous coupling, the coupling of the inside and outside anerobe of granule sludge, aerobic bacteria and amphimicrobe, the coupling of the inside and outside anerobe of microbial film, aerobic bacteria and amphimicrobe;
C. raw waste water, aerobic zone recirculation water are entered in reactor through water-distributing device by reactor lower part anaerobic zone, pass through successively anaerobic zone, oxygen-starved area and aerobic zone in reactor, granule sludge, suspended sludge and microbial film acting in conjunction, by after water pollutant degraded, biological treatment of water enters settling section clarification;
D. in reactor, the part mud of anaerobic zone is back to the aerobic zone on reactor top through mud return line from reactor bottom, on projection top, middle part, aerobic zone, establishes the regularly appropriate spoil disposal of mud discharging mouth, and all the other mud fall after rise to anaerobic zone; Form the circulation of mud in reactor,
E. the part of contaminated water of reactor aerobic zone is back to reactor lower part through being arranged on the sewage backflow pipe of projection bottom;
F. the gas producing in mud, biological treatment of water, sewage treatment process through be positioned at the projection on reactor top separated with three-phase separating device after, mud is got back in reactor, biological treatment of water is directly discharged after entering the clarification of reactor settling section, gas is collected by gas collector or directly discharge, and directly the processing volume of water of discharge is identical with the raw waste water volume that enters reactor within the unit time;
Above process is carried out continuously.
2. a granule sludge biological film coupling integrated sewage treating apparatus, this device comprises:
One for storing the waste water tank of sewage, and the water outlet of this waste water tank is connected with the water-in that is positioned at reactor lower part by water inlet pipe, for sewage is passed into reactor;
A reactor, for loaded particles mud, suspended sludge and for the filler of attached biological film, the sewage entering in reactor is processed, on the top of described reactor, be provided with projection and three-phase separating device, for carrying out the separation of gas-liquid-solid in reactor, projection top, reactor top one side is provided with a settling section, and bottom, described settling section is communicated with reactor, for processing water is collected in settling section;
Aerating apparatus, is arranged on the middle and upper part of reactor, for appropriate oxygen supply in reactor, thereby in reactor, forms the aerobic zone on top and the anaerobic zone of bottom, and the region being connected with aerobic zone on top, anaerobic zone forms an oxygen-starved area;
Mud return line, is connected between reactor bottom and top, for the sludge lifting of reactor lower part anaerobic zone being back to the aerobic zone on reactor top, forms sludge circulation, guarantees that mud is intermittently in anaerobic and aerobic state;
Filler, is arranged on the connection of reactor internal upper part mud return line and enters below reactor location, region more than projection, a side near settling section, for forming microbial film on filler, with granule sludge, suspended sludge coupling treatment of sewage water, and hold back returned sluge and do not enter settling section;
Sewage backflow pipe, is arranged on the middle and lower part, aerobic zone of reactor projection below, be connected with the water inlet pipe of reactor lower part, for by aerobic zone sewage backflow to reactor lower part;
Shore pipe, is arranged on middle part, aerobic zone, reactor projection top, for discharging excess sludge;
Rising pipe, is located at the top of reactor settling section, for discharging processing water;
And,
On every pipeline, be provided with valve, for controlling and regulate the flow of flowing water in this pipeline.
3. granule sludge biological film coupling integrated sewage treating apparatus according to claim 2, the height location of water inlet pipe that is arranged on reactor lower part described in it is characterized in that is adjustable.
4. granule sludge biological film coupling integrated sewage treating apparatus according to claim 2, it is characterized in that being provided with water-distributing device in reactor, described water-distributing device is connected with described water-in, for ring pipe, on ring pipe, establish water distributing pore and make into water along in the horizontal tangent direction inflow reactor of ring.
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