CN101343117A - High-efficiency low-consumption biological denitrification method for urban sewage - Google Patents
High-efficiency low-consumption biological denitrification method for urban sewage Download PDFInfo
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- CN101343117A CN101343117A CNA2008101168165A CN200810116816A CN101343117A CN 101343117 A CN101343117 A CN 101343117A CN A2008101168165 A CNA2008101168165 A CN A2008101168165A CN 200810116816 A CN200810116816 A CN 200810116816A CN 101343117 A CN101343117 A CN 101343117A
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Abstract
Disclosed is a high-efficiency and low-consumption biological denitrogenation method of urban sewage, which belongs to the fields of urban sewage disposal and resource utilization. The method aims to solve the problem of high energy and material consumption of the current urban sewage biological denitrogenation method. The method comprises: adopting a biomembrane filter chamber system under normal temperature, making the same biomembrane filter chamber system adapt to the respective growth metabolism condition of nitrite bacteria and anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria through adjusting the equipment operation parameters of a reactor, rapidly realizing the successful startup of the urban sewage anaerobic ammonium oxidation biological autotrophic denitrogenation reactor, and enabling the biomembrane filter chamber system to achieve the purpose of stabilizing the denitrogenation with high efficiency and low consumption through controlling the operational parameters of the reactor and relying on the synergic denitrogenation function of nitrite bacteria and anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria. The method applies a new discovery in science of a simple process of anaerobic ammonium oxidation biological autotrophic denitrogenation to the high-efficiency and low-consumption denitrogenation treatment of urban domestic sewage for the first time, and has the advantages of short startup period of the system, stable running, excellent effects of sewage disposal and low cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to municipal sewage treatment and resource utilization field.Be specifically related to be exclusively used in the method for the high-level efficiency less energy-consumption biological denitrificaion of municipal effluent under the normal temperature condition.
Background technology
Traditional nitrated/denitrification biological denitrogenation technology had once played important effect in the denitrogenation of waste water field.But its nitrated stage energy consumption is huge: if do not consider the propagation of nitrifier in the nitrifying process, then oxidation 1g ammonia nitrogen (NH
4 +-N) be nitrate nitrogen (NO
3 -N) will consume 4.57gO
2, 7.14g basicity is (with CaCO
3Meter); Denitrification stage carbon source demand amount height, reduction 1gNO
3 --N needs the biodegradable COD of 2.86g as hydrogen donor.At present, the C/N value of city domestic sewage is lower, and it is the carbon source deficiency that biological denitrificaion is handled the greatest problem that is faced, and must additionally add carbon source for reaching denitrification effect, thereby cause the energy consumption of sewage disposal and cost to increase greatly.
Anammox (anaerobic ammonium oxidation, be called for short Anammox), be meant under anaerobic, anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria is electron donor with the ammonia nitrogen, with the nitrite is electron acceptor(EA), directly ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen are changed into nitrogen simultaneously and discharge into the atmosphere, thereby realize the purpose that nitrogen removes in the waste water.Because the Anammox approach is at nitrosification (Nitrosification, claim short distance nitration again) the biological autotrophic denitrification that carries out on the basis, so it is compared with traditional nitrated/denitrification denitrogenation technology, have oxygen-consumption few, do not need numerous advantages such as carbon source and sludge yield be low.At present, about the research and the application of anaerobic ammonia oxidation process, mainly be at high temperature high ammonia-nitrogen wastewaters such as sludge digestion phegma and percolates, and still be in the exploratory stage for the research of low ammonia nitrogen municipal effluent Anammox under the normal temperature condition.Therefore, Anammox can be regarded as present municipal effluent biological denitrificaion handle in the biological denitrification process of Sustainable development of tool potentiality.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to solve the existing high problem of municipal effluent biological denitrificaion energy consumption material consumption, and provide a kind of municipal effluent efficient biological denitrification method.
A kind of high-efficiency low-consumption biological denitrification method for urban sewage provided by the present invention, be under normal temperature condition, secondary effluent (phosphorus and organism have obtained removing) with municipal effluent aerobic/anaerobic biological phosphate-eliminating is basic water, adopt the microbial film filter tank system, by the equipment operating parameter of controlling reactor, realize the biological autotrophic denitrification of synchronous nitrosification/Anammox of municipal effluent.Concrete steps are as follows:
1) builds the biological filter
The filtrate of biological filter can be inorganic materials such as quartz sand, haydite, volcanics, can be organic materialss such as plastics, fiber, resin also, is shaped as granular, waved plate, honeycombed etc.Can select a kind of filtrate, evenly arranging with a kind of density, or adopt different densities to arrange, also can be multiple filtrate layered arrangement.
The control dissolved oxygen on the macroscopic view, can perhaps in the mode of pool wall different positions perforate, make along the aeration gas flow direction by the mode of control thickness of filter bed, and is evenly sufficient in the oxygen supply of filtering layer leading portion, and the part nitrosation reaction can take place; And be anaerobic zone at back segment, can reach the envrionment conditions of Anammox reaction; On the microcosmic, microenvironment from aeration and biological filtrate top layer film, biomembranous skin is an aerobic environment, because the outer aerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria of microbial film is to the consumption of water oxygen gas, naturally form anoxic and anaerobic environment at biomembranous nexine, under this envrionment conditions, part nitrite nitrogen and part that anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria can utilize the Nitrite bacteria metabolism to produce remain these two kinds of matrix of ammonia nitrogen, carry out the biological autotrophic denitrification reaction of Anammox.
Peristaltic-type pump arrangement is installed, the water (flow) direction and the hydraulic load in control microbial film filter tank.Different according to sewage water (flow) direction and air flow line, the biological filter can be divided into following two kinds:
To dirty, air is aeration from bottom to top from the filter tank from top, filter tank for a, sewage.
The sewage filtrate of from up to down flowing through, the nitrogen that produces in air and the system is opposite with water (flow) direction simultaneously, and water is fully contacted with gas.
B, sewage and air all flow into from the bottom, filter tank, and direction from bottom to top.
The air water concurrent, evenly the gas distribution water distribution can be avoided the suspended substance gathering of holding back simultaneously.
2) startup in microbial film filter tank
Biological filter biofilm mode is divided into direct biofilm and inoculation membrane formation dual mode.
A, direct biofilm
Initial start stage by the control aeration rate, makes that dissolved oxygen concentration reaches 4mg/L in the internal water of biological filter; By adjusting the peristaltic pump rotating speed, the biological filter filtering velocity is controlled at 1.5m/h.Under this operational conditions, when the nitrated rate in biological filter reaches 50%, think that aerobic nitrification microbial film biofilm is successful, this stage needs 10 days.Afterwards, dissolved oxygen concentration is controlled at 2mg/L in the internal water of biological filter, the biological filter filtering velocity is controlled at 2m/h, Nitrosomas and anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria are preponderated under this envrionment conditions with respect to Nitrate bacteria, operation is 50 days continuously, can successfully start nitrosification/Anammox microbial film filter tank system.
B, inoculation membrane formation
Inoculation membrane formation is directly the anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria in Nitrite bacteria in the activated sludge reaction system and the microbial film filter tank system to be inserted in the reactor of putting up.Afterwards, dissolved oxygen concentration is at 2mg/L in the internal water of control biological filter, control biological filter filtering velocity is at 2m/h, Nitrosomas and anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria are preponderated under this envrionment conditions with respect to Nitrate bacteria, operation is 30 days continuously, can successfully start nitrosification/Anammox microbial film filter tank system.
3) microbial film filter tank operation
The operation scheme that starts successful microbial film filter tank can be divided into intermittent type and two kinds of operation scheme of continous way according to the difference of water intake mode.
A, periodic running
Aerating apparatus is not installed in the inside, biological filter of periodic running.Front end is established an elevated tank in the microbial film filter tank, and the elevated tank lowest water level is set is higher than upper end, biological filter water level, and mounted valve, control the water inlet of biological filter.In the elevated tank bottom microporous aeration device is installed, the dissolved oxygen concentration in the control water tank water reaches 8mg/L.Intermittent operation one-period in microbial film filter tank mainly is divided into into water, operation, three steps of draining.The filtering velocity of periodic running control biological filter is 3m/h, and the cycle of operation is 6h.Wherein, the operation phase will be passed through peristaltic-type pump arrangement water (flow) direction and hydraulic load, and with the effluent recycling of biological filter to high-order water tank, by the flowing water Valve of control elevated tank, make the Inlet and outlet water water yield of biological filter keep balance.The sewage of oxygenation relies on action of gravity to flow into the microbial film filter tank automatically by valve in elevated tank, and dissolved oxygen is very fast by the aerobic metabolic exhaustion of Nitrosomas in the sewage, and the NH of 2mg/L is arranged in the sewage approximately
4 +-N is oxidized to NO
2 --N, the then NO of Anammox bacterium to generate
2 --N is an electron acceptor(EA), NH
4 +-N is an electron donor, with they in the lump metabolism generate nitrogen.By the reflux cycle effect of peristaltic pump and the cometabolism effect of Nitrosomas and anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria, make the ammonia nitrogen in the sewage finally all obtain removing with the form of nitrogen.
B, Continuous Flow operation
Microporous aeration device is placed the bottom in microbial film filter tank, and water (flow) direction from bottom to top; Also microporous aeration device can be placed the middle and upper part of biological filter, current from top to bottom.The dissolved oxygen concentration of controlling in the biological membrane filtration post is 2mg/L, and filtering velocity is 3m/h.Water inlet is mainly carried out the part nitrosation reaction earlier, then mainly carries out the biological autotrophic denitrification reaction of Anammox, and the nitrogen in the sewage is discharged system with the form of nitrogen at last.
In the discharging water outlet in above-mentioned microbial film filter tank, NH
4 +-N＜5mg/L, NO
2 --N=0mg/L, TN＜15mg/L, water quality is better than municipal effluent one-level A emission standard, satisfies the reuse water user to requirements in water quality.
Compare with existing municipal effluent biological denitrificaion treatment process, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1) the microbial film filter tank system of the inventive method employing, with the newfound Anammox technology of science, be successfully applied to the processing of municipal effluent biological denitrificaion first, realized the biological autotrophic denitrification of synchronous nitrosification of municipal effluent and Anammox, for the simple and direct high-efficiency biological denitrification of municipal effluent has been started new way.
2) the microbial film filter tank reactor start-up cycle of the inventive method short because Nitrosomas and anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria be in the collaborative denitrogenation of inside, same microbial film filter tank, the nitrogen removal performance in this integral biological membrane filtration pond is more stable.
3) construction cost of the inventive method compares tradition, and nitrated/denitrification denitrogenation system is economized more than 20%; on the economic operating cost 30%; the reuse water cost reduces on 20%; this just greatly reduces the cost of municipal effluent manipulation of regeneration; accelerate the process of sewage recycling, provide technical support for alleviating and solving the water crisis.
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is further described, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Embodiment
Test is basic water with certain community life sewage through aerobic/anaerobic biological phosphate-eliminating secondary treatment yielding water, and concrete water quality is as follows: COD=50～60mg/L, BOD
5≤ 15mg/L, SS≤30mg/L, NH
4 +-N=55～85mg/L, NO
2 --N≤0.25mg/L, NO
3 --N≤1.5mg/L, TP≤1mg/L, PH=7.0～8.5.
Test water pre-treatment: municipal effluent is introduced grid, settling pit and settling tank, the main larger particles suspended solid of removing in the sewage, water outlet enters aerobic/anaerobic biological phosphate-eliminating activated sludge reaction pond, most of organism of degrading biological phosphate-eliminating the time in the aerobic/anaerobic pond, nitration reaction does not still take place in the ammonia nitrogen in the sewage, water outlet C/N is lower, as the suitable water inlet of integral bio membrane filtration pond autotrophic denitrification reaction.
Effluent quality after handle the Anammox biological filter is as follows: COD＜50mg/L; BOD
5＜10mg/L; SS＜10mg/L; NH
4 +-N＜5mg/L, clearance is more than 95%; TN≤15mg/L, clearance is more than 90%; TP≤0.5mg/L; PH=7.0～8.5.
Concrete processing is as follows:
Embodiment 1
1) pretreated sewage is introduced in the elevated tank, as the water inlet of intermittent type biological filter reactive system, control elevated tank bottom microporous aeration device makes water tank dissolution of contaminated water oxygen concn reach 8mg/L.Outlet valve is installed in the elevated tank bottom, by the regulated valve knob, can control the water tank water flow.
2) the batch biofilm filter tank system is to use material to process diameter 20cm, high 3m with the synthetic glass.It is the pebbles of 1-2cm that the filter post lowest layer is laid the high particle diameter of 20cm, and as supporting layer, the volcanics that adds the 150cm particle diameter again and be 6-8mm is as the main reaction region filler.Batch biofilm filter tank water (flow) direction adopts down to stream.Peristaltic pump is installed between bottom, biological filter and the elevated tank, and this is a reflux, is used to control the filtering velocity of biological filter, and denitrogenation processing simultaneously circulates sewage.
Open the elevated tank outlet valve, when the biological filter median water level is flooded filtrate, open the peristaltic pump reflux, and the Inlet and outlet water flow of control biological filter is 1000mL/min, this moment, filtering velocity was 3m/h.Dissolved oxygen in the sewage and part ammonia nitrogen are generated nitrite by the Nitrosomas metabolism in the biological filter; Anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria is electron donor with the ammonia nitrogen, is electron acceptor(EA) with the nitrite nitrogen that generates, and ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen is converted into nitrogen simultaneously, the discharge system.
3) in step 2) behind the operating mode operation 5h, close the peristaltic pump reflux, and the water discharge valve of unlatching integral biological membrane reactor bottom, ammonia nitrogen concentration in the draining is 0.532mg/L, the nitrite nitrogen concentration is 0mg/L, nitrate nitrogen concentration is 11.536mg/L, and the water quality nitrogen content is better than municipal effluent one-level A emission standard, satisfies the reuse water user to requirements in water quality.
Embodiment 2
Continuous Flow microbial film filter tank is to use material to process diameter 8cm, high 2.8m with the synthetic glass.It is the pebbles of 0.5-1cm that the filter post lowest layer is laid the high particle diameter of 10cm, and as supporting layer, the haydite that adds the 140cm particle diameter again and be 2-4mm is as the main reaction region filler.The bottom, biological filter is equipped with micro-pore aeration system, and oxygen in water concentration is 2mg/L in the control microbial film filter tank.Continuous Flow microbial film filter tank water (flow) direction adopts upward flow.
Pretreated sewage is introduced in the Continuous Flow microbial film filter tank by peristaltic pump, and the control filtering velocity is 3m/h.The Nitrite bacteria of inside, microbial film filter tank utilizes the dissolved oxygen in the water, 56.7% ammonia nitrogen is changed into nitrite, anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria is in system under the anaerobic environment, with the ammonia nitrogen is electron donor, with the nitrite nitrogen is electron acceptor(EA), carry out the Anammox reaction, be translated into nitrogen, the discharge system.Ammonia nitrogen concentration in the draining is 1.533mg/L, and the nitrite nitrogen concentration is 0mg/L, and nitrate nitrogen concentration is 11.299mg/L, and the water quality nitrogen content is better than municipal effluent one-level A emission standard, satisfies the reuse water user to requirements in water quality.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of high-efficiency low-consumption biological denitrification method for urban sewage is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
1) build the biological filter, the control dissolved oxygen makes along the aeration gas flow direction, and is evenly sufficient in the oxygen supply of filtering layer leading portion, and the part nitrosation reaction takes place; And be anaerobic zone at back segment, reach the envrionment conditions of Anammox reaction; Installation is used to control the water (flow) direction in microbial film filter tank and the peristaltic pump of hydraulic load;
2) start the microbial film filter tank
Biological filter biofilm mode is divided into direct biofilm and inoculation membrane formation dual mode;
When biological filter biofilm mode was direct biofilm, initial start stage by the control aeration rate, made that dissolved oxygen concentration reaches 4mg/L in the internal water of biological filter; By adjusting the peristaltic pump rotating speed, the biological filter filtering velocity is controlled at 1.5m/h; Under this operational conditions, when the nitrated rate in biological filter reaches 50%, think that aerobic nitrification microbial film biofilm is successful; Afterwards, dissolved oxygen concentration is controlled at 2mg/L in the internal water of biological filter, and the biological filter filtering velocity is controlled at 2m/h, moves 50 days continuously, and the microbial film filter tank starts successfully;
When biological filter biofilm mode is inoculation membrane formation, directly the anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria in Nitrite bacteria in the activated sludge reaction system and the microbial film filter tank system is inserted in the reactor of putting up; Afterwards, dissolved oxygen concentration is at 2mg/L in the internal water of control biological filter, and control biological filter filtering velocity is moved 30 days continuously at 2m/h, and the microbial film filter tank starts successfully;
3) operation microbial film filter tank
The operation scheme that starts successful artifact membrane filtration pond can be divided into intermittent type and two kinds of operation scheme of continous way according to the difference of water intake mode;
When operation scheme was periodic running, front end was established an elevated tank in the microbial film filter tank, and the elevated tank lowest water level is set is higher than upper end, biological filter water level, and mounted valve, control the water inlet of biological filter; In the elevated tank bottom microporous aeration device is installed, the dissolved oxygen concentration of water reaches 8mg/L in the control water tank; Intermittent operation one-period in microbial film filter tank is divided into into water, operation, three steps of draining; The filtering velocity of control biological filter is 3m/h, and the cycle of operation is 6h;
When operation scheme is Continuous Flow when operation, microporous aeration device is placed the bottom in microbial film filter tank, water (flow) direction is from bottom to top; Perhaps microporous aeration device is placed the middle and upper part of biological filter, current from top to bottom; The dissolved oxygen concentration of controlling in the biological membrane filtration post is 2mg/L, and filtering velocity is 3m/h.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103172174A (en) * | 2013-03-09 | 2013-06-26 | 北京工业大学 | Starting and running method of completely autotrophic ammonium removal over nitrite technology |
| CN103193320A (en) * | 2013-03-17 | 2013-07-10 | 北京工业大学 | Efficient autotrophic denitrification method of bacterial filter |
| CN103224284A (en) * | 2013-03-17 | 2013-07-31 | 北京工业大学 | Rapid starting method of membrane bioreactor completely-autotrophic nitrogen removal technology |
| CN111892166A (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2020-11-06 | 南通大学 | Active biological filter material and efficient nitrogen and phosphorus removal method for sewage by using same |
-
2008
- 2008-07-18 CN CNA2008101168165A patent/CN101343117A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103172174A (en) * | 2013-03-09 | 2013-06-26 | 北京工业大学 | Starting and running method of completely autotrophic ammonium removal over nitrite technology |
| CN103193320A (en) * | 2013-03-17 | 2013-07-10 | 北京工业大学 | Efficient autotrophic denitrification method of bacterial filter |
| CN103224284A (en) * | 2013-03-17 | 2013-07-31 | 北京工业大学 | Rapid starting method of membrane bioreactor completely-autotrophic nitrogen removal technology |
| CN103224284B (en) * | 2013-03-17 | 2014-04-09 | 北京工业大学 | Rapid starting method of membrane bioreactor completely-autotrophic nitrogen removal technology |
| CN111892166A (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2020-11-06 | 南通大学 | Active biological filter material and efficient nitrogen and phosphorus removal method for sewage by using same |
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Open date: 20090114 |