CN102432103A - Integrated coking wastewater/excess sludge synchronous treatment method and treatment device - Google Patents
Integrated coking wastewater/excess sludge synchronous treatment method and treatment device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102432103A CN102432103A CN2011103373170A CN201110337317A CN102432103A CN 102432103 A CN102432103 A CN 102432103A CN 2011103373170 A CN2011103373170 A CN 2011103373170A CN 201110337317 A CN201110337317 A CN 201110337317A CN 102432103 A CN102432103 A CN 102432103A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an integrated coking wastewater/excess sludge synchronous treatment method and an integrated coking wastewater/excess sludge synchronous treatment device. A double expanded granular sludge bed reactor is used in the process of treating coking wastewater, the micro oxygen state in the reactor is maintained through appropriate aeration, the moderate growth of filamentous fungi in the reactor is promoted, and moderate expansion of granular sludge is formed; a high liquid upflow velocity in the reactor is maintained in a mode of combining effluent external reflux with sludge internal reflux, and conditions are created for the moderate expansion of a granular sludge bed by combining a large amount of gas generated in the reactor; meanwhile, the dominant culture of efficient strains capable of synchronously and efficiently treating the coking wastewater and excess sludge in the double expanded granular sludge bed reactor is promoted, the coking wastewater and the excess sludge are synchronously and efficiently treated, and high biomass energy of a system is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the synchronization processing method of a kind of coking chemical waste water and excess sludge, particularly relate to a kind of method of utilizing granule sludge Treatment of Wastewater in Coking and excess sludge.The invention still further relates to a kind of treatment unit that is applicable to above-mentioned coking chemical waste water and excess sludge treatment process.
Background technology
TREATMENT OF COKING is one global difficult problem, and using the granule sludge Treatment of Wastewater in Coking is a kind of effective ways.According to country municipal effluent is polluted the technical policy of control, TREATMENT OF COKING will inevitably relate to WWT and sludge treatment, dispose the problem of two aspects.
1) the efficient handling problem of coking chemical waste water.Coking chemical waste water contains tens of kinds of inorganic and organic cpds, comprises ammonia nitrogen, thiocyanide, sulfide, prussiate, phenol, aniline, benzopyrene etc., belongs to high pollution refractory science and engineering industry waste water, is a kind of typical organic wastewater with difficult degradation thereby.
2) safe handling of excess sludge, handling problems.The safe disposal of at present a large amount of excess sludges has become the bottleneck of wastewater treatment in China industry development with utilization rationally, and contains a large amount of toxic pollutant matter in the excess sludge that the coking chemical waste water biological treatment is produced, and has bigger danger.
So in the Treatment of Coking Effluent process, should be that sewage and mud are laid equal stress on, both consider simultaneously!
The coking chemical waste water conventional processing adopts A at present
2/ O technology; Though this technology can be removed the pollution substance in the coking chemical waste water to a certain extent; But after dropping to a certain degree, water outlet COD just is difficult to fall; Be difficult to reach discharging standards, and most critical is to comprise a large amount of toxicity, carcinogenic substance such as naphthalene class, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, SCN etc. among these remaining COD.That is to say that the COD qualified discharge becomes the heavy difficult point of breakthrough in the present Treatment of Coking Effluent, must consider that the new technology of exploitation further solves the removal problem of these pollution substances in the coking chemical waste water.
Processing for excess sludge; The general now technology that adopts is concentrated+dehydration+outward transport; And the moisture percentage in sewage sludge of outward transport is still more than 80%, adopts mummification+burnings, mummification+cement kiln/brickkiln+building materials utilization, mummification+several kinds of modes such as generating all not too suitable, because the mud of high-moisture percentage like this causes the mummification facility investment very big; And link such as follow-up burning also needs the additional source of energy input, is very worthless economically.During the country " 12 ",, stress that the emphasis of sludge treatment should be placed on the stablizing of mud, after mud is stabilized, can reduce influence greatly environment for realizing the target of energy-saving and emission-reduction, recycle.Sludge stabilizing recommends to adopt anaerobic sludge digestion technology or high temperature aerobic composting treatment technology.
This shows the complicated (A of traditional coking waste water treatment process
2/ O technology), an also residual part has the COD of harm to environment in the water outlet, and needing further to handle (generally be at A
2Add the TSA biological filter after the/O technology, actual engineering operation shows that effect neither be very good); And a large amount of excess sludges of producing of this technology of what is more important also need pass through complicated technology and carry out treatment and disposal (such as concentrating+dehydration+(anaerobic digestion)+mummification+burning (or other technology)).Therefore, traditional coking chemical waste water, excess sludge processing technological flow are complicated, energy consumption high (especially sludge treatment stage highly energy-consuming stage) especially, also can in environment, discharge a large amount of CO simultaneously
2And some other materials; Do not meet the requirement of low-carbon economy; The degraded characteristics of the toxic pollutant material that is necessary to be directed against the water quality characteristics of coking chemical waste water and finally is difficult to degrade, and the treatment and disposal demand of combination excess sludge are developed new coking chemical waste water and excess sludge treatment process.Novel process must embody following characteristics: efficient, energy-conservation, reduction of discharging, also to consider the energy and resource maximum possible recovery and utilization in addition.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of integrated coking chemical waste water/excess sludge synchronization processing method and treatment unit thereof, to reach the purpose of simultaneously efficient Treatment of Wastewater in Coking and excess sludge.
The present invention be directed to traditional coking chemical waste water, excess sludge complex treatment process; Energy consumption is high; Do not meet the deficiency of low-carbon economy requirement, and a kind of compact construction, front-end investment and the running cost that provide are low, treatment effect good, the scale double-expansion granular sludge bed integral process of Treatment of Wastewater in Coking and excess sludge simultaneously flexibly.This technology is in to the treating processes of coking chemical waste water, to adopt the double-expansion granular sludge bed bioreactor, keeps the little oxygen condition in the reactor drum through an amount of aeration, promotes hyphomycetic appropriateness growth in the reactor drum, and the appropriateness that forms granule sludge expands; Keep the high liquid upflow velocity in the reactor drum with water outlet external reflux and mud internal reflux bonded mode, and the generation of gases in a large number in the association reaction device, for granular mud bed suitable expansion creates conditions; Promote the advantage of double-expansion granular sludge bed interior ability synchronous high-efficiency Treatment of Wastewater in Coking and excess sludge high-efficiency strain to cultivate simultaneously, realize that the synchronous high-efficiency of coking chemical waste water and excess sludge is handled, and realized the high biomass energyization of system.
Integrated coking chemical waste water of the present invention/excess sludge synchronization processing method is:
A. coking chemical waste water, recirculation water are got in the double-expansion granular sludge reactor drum through aeration distribution chamber, water-distributing device by reactor bottom; Supply with an amount of oxygen through aeration tube; And through aeration distribution chamber uniform distribution supply response device; With the little oxygen condition in the assurance reactor drum, and two swelling states of reactor drum endoparticle Sludge Bed;
B. coking chemical waste water and excess sludge are synchronized and obtain processed water after efficient degradation is handled through the double-expansion granular sludge bed of reactor reaction zone;
C. a part of double-expansion granular sludge of reactor reaction zone middle and upper part is back to the bottom of reactor reaction zone through mud return line, so that granular mud bed abundant expansion, reinforcing mass transfer guarantees the efficient degradation of coking chemical waste water and excess sludge;
D. after the gas in the reactor reaction zone (gas that produces in Treatment of Wastewater in Coking and the excess sludge process), solid (granule sludge), liquid (processed water) three-phase through the prominent piece that being positioned at reactor drum top and three-phase separating device separate; Gas is collected by gas collector or directly discharging; Granule sludge separates with processed water; Granule sludge is got back in the reactor drum; Processed water continues to filter the further intensified process of degraded layer through the suspension of settling region, the treating water separated into two parts that obtains, and a part is back to reactor bottom as recirculation water; Another part directly discharges, and directly the treating water volume of discharging is identical with the coking chemical waste water volume that gets into reactor drum in the unit time;
Above process is carried out continuously.
The present invention is provided with thermal insulation layer for the double-expansion granular sludge reactor drum; Supply with the hot water of thermal insulation layer certain temperature through the circulating hot water water inlet pipe from the hot water of water bath with thermostatic control; To keep temperature suitable in the reactor drum; This hot water is back to water bath with thermostatic control through the circulating hot water rising pipe, carries out continuously, and the temperature of reactor drum realizes through the temperature and the circulating hot water water inlet pipe and water outlet pipe flow of control water bath with thermostatic control.
The present invention is through the Monitoring and Controlling of redox potential in the reactor drum being controlled the size of aeration rate, realizes an amount of oxygen supply in reactor drum.Through appropriate regulation, the oxidation reduction potential control in the reactor drum at 15-60mV, is realized that the synchronous high-efficiency of coking chemical waste water and excess sludge is handled to the aeration rate size.
The present invention also provides a kind of treatment unit that is applicable to above-mentioned coking chemical waste water/excess sludge synchronization processing method simultaneously, and this device comprises:
A waste water basin that is used to store coking chemical waste water, the water outlet of this waste water basin is connected with water inlet pipe on the double-expansion granular sludge reactor drum, is used for coking chemical waste water is fed reactor drum;
A double-expansion granular sludge reactor drum; Comprise aeration distribution chamber, reaction zone and settling region three parts; Aeration tube that has solarization air cap and the filler (like gravel) that is used for even gas distribution are arranged in the aeration distribution chamber; The solarization air cap aperture is symmetricly set on the down position of 45 of aeration tube medullary ray, can on the basis that fully guarantees aeration efficient, effectively prevent the aperture obstruction; The thread fungus appropriateness growth that is useful on pollution substance in degrading waste water and the mud at reaction zone causes the suitably granule sludge of size of appropriate expansible, and the granular mud bed of these granule sludges formation is in swelling state under the effect of liquid upflow velocity and gas release; Filter degraded layer in the settling region by the suspension of being made up of expansible small-particle mud or suspended sludge, the settling region is provided with effluent trough in addition, and treating water flow to effluent trough through the effluent weir that is arranged between settling region and the effluent trough from the settling region; Between reaction zone and aeration distribution chamber, be provided with water-distributing device; Prominent piece and three-phase separating device are arranged on the top of reactor drum, between reaction zone and the settling region, are used to carry out the solid separation of gas-liquid in the reactor drum; Aeration distribution chamber below ligation device water inlet pipe;
Thermal insulation layer; Be wrapped in the outside of reactor drum; Its underpart is provided with the circulating hot water water inlet pipe that is used for the hot water that comes from water bath with thermostatic control is offered thermal insulation layer; Top is provided with the circulating hot water rising pipe that is used for water cycle in the thermal insulation layer is back to water bath with thermostatic control, is used for to reactor drum heating and insulation, makes the optimum temps that is in pollutent and the degraded of mud synchronous high-efficiency in the reactor drum;
Mud return line is arranged on the middle and upper part (position specifically is set can be according to reactor drum running condition, and the mud performance waits to confirm) of reactor drum; Be used for that mud in the reactor drum is back to reactor lower part and get into reactor drum; The circulation of formation mud guarantees the expansion of mud, the circulatory motion state;
The effluent recycling pipe is arranged on the effluent trough bottom of reactor drum settling region, is connected with the reactor drum water inlet pipe, is used for treating water is back to reactor bottom;
Rising pipe is located at the effluent trough bottom of reactor drum settling region, is used to discharge treating water;
The collection and confinement of gases pipe is connected the top of three-phase separating device, is used for collecting the gas that coking chemical waste water and excess sludge treating processes produce;
And,
On every pipeline, be provided with valve, be used to control and regulate the flow of flowing water in this pipeline.
One of characteristics of the present invention are to adopt the high-efficient granule sewage sludge reactor to come synchronous processing coking chemical waste water and excess sludge as main process.
For the excess sludge of coking chemical waste water that contains a large amount of toxicity, difficult degradation pollution substance and disposal more hard to manage relatively, the successful key of carrying out a biological disposal upon is the selection of reactor drum.
At present, traditional coking waste water treatment process all is complicated A basically
2/ O technology (even stable effluent quality is strengthened in the follow-up TSA biological filter that also will add), this technology are to consider to strengthen through the anaerobism section degraded of difficult degradation pollution substance on pollutant removal mechanism; Accomplish denitrification process through the anoxic section; Accomplish the oxidation removal process of nitrifying process and organic pollution materials through aerobic section.But because the defective of system (degrading through anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic order) itself like pollution substance; Just be difficult to fall after making water outlet COD drop to a certain degree; Be difficult to reach discharging standards, and most critical is to comprise a large amount of toxicity, carcinogenic substance among these remaining COD:, be difficult to through follow-up technology such as naphthalene class, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, SCN etc.; Further remove such as BAF, the COD qualified discharge becomes the heavy difficult point of breakthrough in the just present Treatment of Coking Effluent.Must consider that the new technology of exploitation further solves the removal problem of these pollution substances of residue.
At present; What the traditional sludge stabilization procedures adopted is common anaeration in normal temperature digestion techniques, and this technology sludge digestion efficient is low, and methane production is low; Fluctuation of service; Cause the sludge treatment anaerobic digester of many Sewage Plant not move basically, perform practically no function, the final treatment and disposal of mud also needs follow-up means such as burning to solve.Consider from economy, environmental angle, still need consider the sludge organism New Process for Treatment of further development of new now.
Analysis-by-synthesis, the efficient key of handling of coking chemical waste water and excess sludge is the change of reactor configuration---the application of novel high speed granular sludge reactor.
The effect that the application of this high-efficient granule sewage sludge reactor can reach is following.
1) efficiently removes pollution substance in the coking chemical waste water.The main body of biological action all is an active sludge basically in the reactor drum that the tradition coking waste water treatment process is selected for use, and settling property is poor, must rely on mud to reflux and guarantee the sludge concentration (sludge concentration is the highest can only to reach 8g/L) in the reactor drum.And the clear superiority of high-efficient granule sewage sludge reactor is sludge concentration high (can reach more than the 40g/L), and the sludge settling performance is good, and the residence time is long, has guaranteed the growth vigor of nitrifier, denitrifying bacteria etc.; Microorganism species is abundant, and flora is arranged closely, and the synergy between various mikrobes makes pollution substance and metabolic intermediate effectively to transmit; The height of reactor drum backflow simultaneously, high liquid upflow velocity provide assurance for the efficient mass transfer between the dilution of toxicant and muddy water again.More than these all are that the efficient removal of pollution substance provides possibility in the coking chemical waste water.
2) the high-efficient granule sludge bed reactor can be simultaneously as the sludge treatment reactor drum, and the synchronous high-efficiency that reaches coking chemical waste water and excess sludge is handled.Characteristics of the maximum of excess sludge are exactly difficult degradation, maybe be for traditional biological treatment systems, and biological sludge only is some easy pollution substances of degraded that are used for handling in the waste water, the bacterial classification in the microflora is fewer.But the biological sludge of Treatment of Wastewater in Coking is different; Especially the granule sludge system of Treatment of Wastewater in Coking is a special microbial ecosystem; This system not only bacterial classification is abundant; Flora is arranged closely, forms effective cometabolism effect, and the microorganism species of a large amount of degraded difficult degradation toxic pollutant materials is arranged in this ecosystem of what is more important; And having the flora of this function abundant, this special microorganism species can obtain the effect of synchronous high-efficiency Treatment of Wastewater in Coking and excess sludge.
Two of characteristics of the present invention are to have formed the double-expansion granular sludge bed, strengthen the removal of pollution substance in coking chemical waste water and the excess sludge.
For the pollution substance especially removal of difficult degradation toxic pollutant material; A key is how to strengthen the muddy water mass transfer effect; Traditional activated sludge process is through aeration reinforcing muddy water mass transfer; The strong mass transfer effect that high aeration produces is good, but deficiency is a sludge concentration too low (mass transfer effect is good also not all right again).The novel particle sewage sludge reactor has formed the advantage of sludge concentration; But the performance of this reactor drum real advantage should be on the basis of the advantage that guarantees high sludge concentration, further to strengthen the muddy water mass transfer, finally improves processing efficiency (promptly keeping High Load Rate and high clearance).
The present invention has formed the double-expansion granular sludge bed in reactor drum, on the basis that guarantees the abundant mass transfer of muddy water, strengthened effluent quality.
One of two expansions are that Sludge Bed expands: through the liquid upflow velocity improve release with a large amount of gases make whole Sludge Bed by basic immobilized state excessively to appropriate expansible state; With this strengthen between muddy water and the different microorganisms flora between mass transfer effect, improve treatment effect.A key issue of traditional biological reactor for treatment weak effect is that the mud mass transfer effect is poor.Moreover in forming the effective expansion process of Sludge Bed, system has also utilized the reflux dilution effect to reduce the toxicity restraining effect of toxic pollutants confrontation mikrobe.
Two of two expansions are sludge bulking: mainly be to create conditions to let the thread fungus appropriate growth on granule sludge surface, strengthen effluent quality.Existing many researchs show that the thread fungus appropriate growth helps improving effluent quality.But the past is to control sludge bulking for biological treatment for many years always.Because for traditional activated sludge process; Sludge bulking is that (sludge bulking causes the slack-off or density variation of the heavy speed of mud to its main difficulty that faces; Can not guarantee the effluent quality of second pond; Though mud appropriateness expansion energy improves effluent quality like this, controls improper meeting and causes second pond muddy water effectively not separate, finally make the operation of entire treatment system fail).The advantage of granule sludge and little oxygen granular sludge reactor can be combined closely; Form the suitable dominant granule sludge of thread fungus; Making full use of thread fungus expansion raising effluent quality (is not only to improve COD and ammonia-N removal rate; The more important thing is the removal of strengthening SS and turbidity) time can guarantee the settling property that mud is good; Continue to keep the high sludge concentration of little oxygen granular sludge reactor, the advantage of the high biosolids residence time; Just there is not the problem that relies on second pond to guarantee effluent quality in granular sludge bed reactor, and granule sludge has enough big heavy speed to guarantee that mud can rest in the reactor drum, just can make full use of the advantage that effluent quality is strengthened in appropriate hyphomycetic growth whereby.
Three of characteristics of the present invention are that the advantage of having strengthened the crucial bacterial classification of synchronous processing coking chemical waste water and excess sludge is cultivated.
Coking chemical waste water is different with common waste water, contains a large amount of toxicity difficult degradation pollutents in the coking chemical waste water, and this can be described as the worst one side of Treatment of Coking Effluent, is a kind of waste water of very difficult biological treatment; But can be described as its favourable one side; Coking chemical waste water is hard to manage; Excess sludge is unmanageable too, and the mikrobe of disposing of sewage has very strong domestication property and flexibility, like this; As long as can turn out the mikrobe of efficient Treatment of Wastewater in Coking, just possibility is provided for the biological treatment system synchronous processing excess sludge of Treatment of Wastewater in Coking.Key of the present invention is exactly through reactor configuration, microbial aggregate; The control of key links such as mikrobe living environment, reactor kinetics parameter, operational parameter control and Microbiological Characteristics parameter has been accomplished the advantage of the crucial bacterial classification of synchronous processing coking chemical waste water and excess sludge fast and has been cultivated.
Four of characteristics of the present invention are the rising fluidised form of the current in the reactor drum, the circulation movement of granule sludge.
When current are in the upwelling fluidised form; Upflow velocity acquires a certain degree; Can form circulation relatively in the same way, make mikrobe can constantly bear annular hydraulic friction, thereby ideal waste water and action of microorganisms mode can be provided; And can make germs collect become to have the rule particle of minimum surface free energy, this is the key that the high velocity particle sewage sludge reactor starts fast.And another characteristics of the selected reactor drum of the present invention are that aspect ratio is higher; Guarantee long circulation track, thereby made microbial aggregate produce more effectively hydraulic friction, made the inner microorganism species of granule sludge arrange tightr; The cometabolism effect of flora is stronger, and activity is higher.
Five of characteristics of the present invention are little oxygen environment.
Little oxygen environment can be described as the key of the advantage cultivation of accomplishing synchronous processing coking chemical waste water and the crucial bacterial classification of excess sludge.Contain a large amount of toxicity difficult degradation pollutents in the coking chemical waste water; Also contain simultaneously a large amount of ammonia nitrogens; Some pollution substances are examined simple aerobic or simple anaerobic environment and are difficult to remove like this; The conventional process theory also is that aerobic and anaerobism (or anoxic) are combined, and aerobic structures are linked in sequence but the bonded mode is an anaerobism---anoxic---, and this mode causes the accumulation of mesostate on the one hand easily; Thereby make the processing efficiency of whole combined system reduce, the more important thing is to have some pollutents just to have no idea thoroughly to remove at all.The present invention creates little oxygen environment in single reactor drum; Rely on special germs collect state---granule sludge in the reactor drum; Outside granule sludge, in, internal layer forms different oxygen environment; For multiple microbial growth and competition provide possibility, also the synchronous high-efficiency degraded for multiple pollutent provides possibility.Through the little oxygen condition in control dissolved oxygen and the reactor drum, guarantee that the quick advantage of synchronous high-efficiency removal coking chemical waste water and the crucial bacterial classification of excess sludge is cultivated simultaneously.
In addition; Appropriate little oxygen environment has fully guaranteed two expansions of Sludge Bed and mud; And special current rising fluidised form in relying on reactor assembly provided by the present invention and installing, forming the sludge blanket (being called suspends filters degraded layer) that has become suitable thickness on the top of reactor drum, this filtration degraded layer turgidity that suspends is suitable; Play the effect of mikrobe filtering layer, strengthened effluent quality.
Six of characteristics of the present invention are to have strengthened the high-performance bio mass-energyization of system, and a kind of substitute energy is provided.
The thinking that tradition coking chemical waste water and excess sludge are handled is that waste water and mud all are used as pollutent or waste, needs to handle totally discharge (not pollute to environment), such as through organic pollutant in the sewage thoroughly is converted into CO
2And mud, with sludge incineration or the like.But in fact we should transition of people's conceptions: sewage and excess sludge all are the resources that mislays, and be nervous in current global energy, presses under the situation of seeking the novel clean energy, and this novel energy of exploitation biomass energy more should cause our attention.A large amount of organic carbon source (organic pollutant) important source material of biomass energy just also has a large amount of N sources, P source etc. in addition in sewage and the mud in sewage and the mud, and H
2O (being water resources), we can be respectively with these resource recyclings, and for example we can consider organic pollutant in sewage and the mud thoroughly not to be converted into CO
2But being translated into middle more useful material (like acetate, ethanol, methane etc.), we can also practice thrift mass energy (such as organic pollutant being converted into the required oxygen amount of intermediate material than organic pollutant thoroughly is converted into CO in this link in fact
2To obviously reduce).The present invention is exactly a high biomass energyization of considering to realize as much as possible system, and the organic pollutant that is about in coking chemical waste water and the excess sludge is converted into methane (CH as much as possible
4).
The present invention is through limited aeration in high speed upwelling anaerobic grain sludge reactor drum; Make it be in a kind of little oxygen condition; Form double-expansion granular sludge; And the advantage of the crucial flora of pollution substance is cultivated in formation synchronous high-efficiency Treatment of Wastewater in Coking and the excess sludge, in a reactor drum, has realized synchronous processing coking chemical waste water and excess sludge, and has realized the high-performance bio mass-energyization of system.And, through mud internal reflux and water outlet external reflux, two expansions, abundant, active high, the strong granule sludge of cometabolism effect of flora, the strengthening effect of the filtration degraded layer that suspends etc., the total system contaminant removal efficiency is high, the residence time is short.It is strong that this just means that reactor drum has the degradation of contaminant ability, volume required little, floor space is little, can significantly reduce advantages such as facility investment in the practical applications.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the integrated coking chemical waste water of the present invention/excess sludge synchronization processing apparatus.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1.
Integrated coking chemical waste water/excess sludge synchronization processing apparatus is as shown in Figure 1, is made up of double-expansion granular sludge reactor drum 8 and waste water tank 1.
Double-expansion granular sludge reactor drum 8 adopts synthetic glass to process, and whole reactor is divided into aeration distribution chamber 6, reaction zone and settling region 12 3 parts, and wherein, aeration distribution chamber 6 is positioned at reactor bottom, internal diameter 100mm, height 0.2m, volume 1.5L; The reactor drum major part is a reaction zone, is positioned at the middle part of reactor drum, internal diameter 100mm, height 1.7m, volume 12L; Settling region 12 is positioned at reactor head, internal diameter 140mm, height 0.6m, volume 6L.
The thread fungus appropriateness growth that the reaction zone of reactor drum is useful on pollution substance in the degrading waste water causes appropriate expansible granule sludge, and the granular mud bed of these granule sludges formation is in swelling state under the effect of liquid upflow velocity.There is the filtration of suspension degraded layer the settling region of reactor drum, and this filtration degraded layer turgidity that suspends is suitable, has played the effect of mikrobe filtering layer, strengthens effluent quality.
Between the aeration distribution chamber 6 of reactor drum 8 and reaction zone, be provided with a water-distributing device 7, aeration distribution chamber below ligation device water inlet pipe 4; Prominent piece 9 and three-phase separating device 10 are arranged on the top of reactor drum, between reaction zone and the settling region, are used to carry out the solid separation of gas-liquid in the reactor drum; Settling region 12 is provided with effluent trough 22 in addition, and treating water flow to effluent trough 22 through the effluent weir 23 that is arranged between settling region 12 and the effluent trough 22 from the settling region; Effluent trough 22 bottoms are provided with rising pipe 11, and rising pipe 11 top sets go out effluent recycling pipe 13, are used for treating water is back to reactor bottom ligation device water inlet pipe 4; Above three-phase separating device 10, also be connected with collection and confinement of gases pipe 24, be used for collecting the gas that coking chemical waste water and excess sludge synchronous processing process produce.
Waste water tank 1 is used to store coking chemical waste water, and its water outlet is connected with reactor drum water inlet pipe 4 with reactor drum intake pump 3 through valve 2, is used for coking chemical waste water is fed reactor drum 8.
Obtain processed water and gas (mainly being biomass energy gas-methane) after the excess sludge process double-expansion granular sludge bed degradation treatment that produces in the coking chemical waste water of entering reactor drum 8 and the Treatment of Wastewater in Coking process; The gas that produces in granule sludge, processed water and the treating processes separates with three-phase separating device 10 through the prominent piece 9 that is positioned at reactor drum top; Gas is collected utilization through collection and confinement of gases pipe 24; Granule sludge thoroughly separates with treating water; Granule sludge is got back in the reactor drum 8; The treating water separated into two parts, a part is connected entering reactor drum 8 through return line 13, valve 2 and effluent recycling pump 14 with reactor drum water inlet pipe 4, and another part is through rising pipe 11 dischargings.
Aeration pump 18 passes through under meter 17, valve 2, porous aeration tube 5 supply response devices 8 an amount of oxygen, and gives the granular mud bed of reactor drum through aeration distribution chamber 6 uniform distribution.
Returned sluge is through mud return line 15, and valve 2 and sludge reflux pump 16 are back to the bottom of settling region from the middle and upper part, settling region of reactor drum 8.
From the hot water of water bath with thermostatic control hot water through circulating hot water water inlet pipe 20 supply response device thermal insulation layers 19 certain temperatures; To keep temperature suitable in the reactor drum 8; This hot water is back to water bath with thermostatic control through circulating hot water rising pipe 21, and the temperature of reactor drum 8 realizes through temperature and the circulating hot water water inlet pipe 20 of control water bath with thermostatic control, the flow of circulating hot water rising pipe 21.
Simultaneously, on above-mentioned each bar pipeline, be provided with valve 2, be used to control and regulate the flow of interior flowing water of this pipeline or mud.
The whole service process of above-mentioned integrated coking chemical waste water/excess sludge synchronization processing apparatus is divided into startup and two stages of steady running.
The unloading phase task have two: one, form double-expansion granular sludge fast; The 2nd, advantage is cultivated can the synchronous high-efficiency Treatment of Wastewater in Coking and the crucial bacterial classification of excess sludge.
The quick formation of double-expansion granular sludge at first will guarantee the formation of a large amount of well behaved granule sludges; Guarantee enough sludge concentrations in the reactor drum; Give full play to the unique advantage (sludge concentration is high) of high velocity particle sewage sludge reactor; Next be only consideration and how utilize the various difficult degradation pollution substances of the efficient processing of this granule sludge, so the formation of double-expansion granular sludge is divided into two stages.Stage one is to form granule sludge fast.The outstanding feature of this granule sludge must be functional, is embodied in many-sides such as high reactivity, good sedimentation function, high bacterial classification richness, mikrobe are arranged closely, system's metabolic capacity is strong.The concrete kind mud of selecting is the municipal sludge that is prone to obtain, bacterial classification enriches; And the interpolation (as drawing mud) through a small amount of discrete particle mud; And the cultivation through nutritious beer waste water or sewage; Obtain a large amount of granule sludges in a short time, this stage must keep higher liquid upflow velocity, to guarantee to form well behaved granule sludge.Stage two is the two swelling states that form granule sludge.The control of this stage aeration amount is extremely important, mainly controls oxygen-supplying amount through redox potential in the controlling reactor, makes the different sites of granule sludge different dominant microflora advantages occur according to dissolved oxygen content what and redox potential different.Moreover also form the expansion of hyphomycetic appropriateness growth formation mud appropriateness, with intensifying treatment effect.Secondly, control effluent recycling amount and mud quantity of reflux, make the Sludge Bed appropriateness expand, and guarantee to guarantee effective mass transfer that effective mass transfer of muddy water and granule sludge are inner by the abundant circulation state of mud.
After double-expansion granular sludge forms, cultivate some crucial bacterial classifications through advantage, the synchronous high-efficiency that obtains coking chemical waste water and excess sludge is handled.This stage must be noted some: the one, all contain the toxic pollutant material of some difficult degradations in coking chemical waste water and the excess sludge, and the degraded of some pollution substances all needs multiple microorganism species cometabolism like this, and acting in conjunction is accomplished; The second, in the process of these difficult degradation pollution substances of degraded, there are some bacterial classifications to play keying action, the advantage of these crucial bacterial classifications is cultivated in the necessary assurance system; The 3rd, the degraded of all contaminations matter is interactional, and the degraded of some pollution substance is a committed step, directly influences the processing rate of total system.Specifically solve the optimization of the present reactor drum operating parameter of final body, mud optimization in Properties through the control of aeration rate, the control of reactor drum operating parameter, the control of mud performance perameter etc.
Stable operation stage is to optimize the high-performance bio mass-energyization of efficient processing, coking chemical waste water and the excess sludge of efficient processing that operating parameter realizes coking chemical waste water simultaneously, excess sludge.This stage will be paid close attention to four parameters: 1) sludge activity, the directly sewage and the sludge treatment ability of decision systems; 2) pollution substance clearance and rate of load condensate are directly explained the comprehensive treatment effect 3 of sewage and mud) sludge concentration, apparent direct explanation sludge treatment effect; 4) produce methane content, system is converted into sewage and mud the ability of biomass energy.
Embodiment 2.
Getting Taiyuan City sewage work dewatered sludge cake carries out being inoculated in the reactor drum of embodiment 1 behind the activation recovering; And add a small amount of discrete particle mud conduct and draw mud, and get sewage quick acclimation shaking culture granule sludge under 35 ℃ of left and right sides medium temperature conditions of biotope, Taiyuan City.Water inlet COD is 149-615mgL
-1, starting successfully about 60 days, granule sludge basically forms, and reaches 57% greater than 0.45mm particulate weight percent, and the mud methanogenesis activity reaches 0.58gCODCH
4GVSS
-1D
-1, the COD clearance remains on about 62%, and organic loading reaches 6.9kgCODm
-3.d
-1About.
Next be the crucial bacterial classification that forms double-expansion granular sludge bed and ability synchronous processing coking chemical waste water of advantage cultivation synchronously and excess sludge.Coking chemical waste water is taken from the coke-oven plant, Taiyuan City, and the concentration of water inlet COD, ammonia nitrogen, phenols, SCN and CN is respectively 1400-2400mgL
-1, 89-368mgL
-1, 12.8-49.3mgL
-1, 66.7-154.7mgL
-1, 1.82-57.8mgL
-1The coking chemical waste water flooding quantity is 1.0Lh
-1, aeration rate is 800mLmin
-1, the effluent recycling amount is 20Lh
-1, liquid upflow velocity 2.7mh
-1, the COD clearance reduces to 10% in one week gradually; Improve aeration rate subsequently gradually to 5000mLmin
-1Sludge Bed has been expanded to the reactor drum middle and upper part; Hyphomycetic appropriateness also appears in the granule sludge surface to expand, but the COD clearance still can only maintain 30%-40%, and mud leakage occurs in the process that adapts to coking chemical waste water; Sludge concentration even the trend that occurs reducing, but this stage and the phenomenon that mud is handled in microbiological deterioration in the reactor assembly does not also appear.Add a small amount of beer waste water as co-substrate, and further improve aeration rate to 8000mLmin
-1, the COD clearance can suitably be increased to 35%-45%, but the trend that does not further improve.Analyze the changing conditions of Inlet and outlet water ammonia nitrogen, phenols, SCN and CN concentration, find that phenols has removal largely, but CN, ammonia nitrogen, the SCN clearance is very low, and especially SCN and ammonia nitrogen are not almost removed.Stop to add beer, and add sodium hydrogencarbonate, the clearance fast rise of COD, ammonia nitrogen and SCN, one and a half months COD clearance reaches 89%, and ammonia nitrogen removal frank and SCN clearance are respectively 78% and 95%.The aeration rate in this stage is 5000mLmin
-1, oxidation reduction potential control is at 30-50mV.
Flooding velocity 1.0Lh
-1, aeration rate 5000mLmin
-1, 3gL
-1The sodium hydrogencarbonate addition, steady running double-expansion granular sludge bed bioreactor starts sludge reflux pump simultaneously, the mud quantity of reflux is 6.5Lh
-1, the effluent recycling amount is 15Lh
-1, the liquid upflow velocity is 3.0mh
-1Sludge Bed further expands; The further growth of Sludge Surface thread fungus, the granule sludge that a part of floc sludge and little surperficial thread fungus appropriateness are grown accumulates in the reactor drum settling region and forms certain thickness suspension filtration degraded layer, and effective circulation makes the meta-bolites and the pollution substance of granule sludge surface and inside fast and effeciently to transmit in the reactor reaction zone; Flora is abundant and arrange tight; And the cultivation of gaining the upper hand of different crucial floras, subregion sub-clustering ground or and the growth of mixing together ground, these floras can be successfully with difficult degradation in the coking chemical waste water or the degraded of toxicity organic pollution materials; Also can some be controlled the key substance such as the ammonia nitrogen of total system operation conditions; SCN etc. are degraded effectively, also can the effective katabolism of some pollution substances of difficult degradation more in the excess sludge have been realized that the synchronous high-efficiency of coking chemical waste water and excess sludge is degraded simultaneously.The control of this stage aeration amount and redox potential is even more important, because be not only for Treatment of Wastewater in Coking and excess sludge, the more important thing is the high-performance bio mass-energyization that will realize total system synchronously, promptly will produce biomass energy-methane as much as possible.But also must combine adjustment aeration rate and redox potential with the mud performance.Steady running under 35 ℃ of left and right sides medium temperature conditions, HRT12.0h, the concentration of water inlet COD, ammonia nitrogen, phenols, SCN and CN is respectively 1400-2400mgL
-1, 89-368mgL
-1, 12.8-49.3mgL
-1, 66.7-154.7mgL
-1, 1.82-57.8mgL
-1Liquid upflow velocity 2.7mh
-1, mud quantity of reflux 7.0Lh
-1, effluent recycling amount 13Lh
-1, aeration rate 3000-5000mLmin
-1, redox potential 15-60mV, COD, ammonia nitrogen, phenols, SCN and CN clearance are respectively 79%-89%, 56%-78%, 92%-100%, 82%-91% and 89%-99%; Sludge concentration in the reactor drum does not almost change, and maintains 20-25mgL basically
-1Methane production reaches 58%-82%.
Embodiment 3.
The dewatered sludge of getting Taiyuan sewage work carries out being inoculated in the reactor drum of embodiment 1 behind the activation recovering, and coking chemical waste water is taken from the coke-oven plant, Taiyuan City, and the concentration of water inlet COD, ammonia nitrogen, phenols, SCN and CN is respectively 630-950mgL
-1, 69-182mgL
-1, 10.8-200.3mgL
-1, 66.7-577.7mgL
-1, 0.49-57.8mgL
-1Adopt the autogamy beer waste water, and add a small amount of discrete particle mud, under 35 ℃ of conditions, start operation, keep HRT3.4h, in a week, will intake COD from 200mgL as drawing mud
-1Bring up to 1000mgL
-1, influent load is by 1.58kgCODm
-3D
-1Bring up to 7.5kgCODm
-3D
-1, just having formed granule sludge fast about 10 days, sludge concentration reaches 32.7gL
-1, VSS/SS reaches 0.66, and the COD clearance reaches 94.7%.
Directly tame granule sludge, adopt continuous little oxygen aeration mode, and start mud internal reflux and treating water external reflux, with the functional double-expansion granular sludge of quick formation with coking chemical waste water.Flooding velocity 1.2Lh
-1, the liquid upflow velocity maintains 2.7-3.0mh
-1, aeration rate is from 600mLmin
-1Increase 800mLmin gradually
-1, 1200mLmin
-1, 1500mLmin
-1, 2000mLmin
-1, 3000mLmin
-1, until 5000mLmin
-1Redox potential is also brought up to about 0mV from about-100mV, and further is increased to about 30mV.Sludge Bed also begins to expand gradually, and microscopically carries out microscopy and find that an amount of hyphomycetic advantage has also appearred in the granule sludge surface, and effluent quality obviously improves.The COD clearance reaches more than 70%, and ammonia nitrogen removal frank also begins to grow steadily.
Steadily improve redox potential subsequently to 20-60mV, flooding velocity increases to 1.5Lh
-1, the liquid upflow velocity is stabilized in 3.0mh
-1, mud quantity of reflux 7.5Lh
-1, effluent recycling amount 14Lh
-1, aeration rate 5000mLmin
-1, under 35 ℃ of left and right sides medium temperature conditions, HRT8.0h is for 1400-2400mgL
-1, 89-368mgL
-1, 12.8-49.3mgL
-1, 66.7-154.7mgL
-1, 1.82-57.8mgL
-1Water inlet COD, ammonia nitrogen, phenols, SCN and CN concentration, clearance is respectively 70%-79%, 46%-65%, 93%-100%, 85%-91% and 88%-99%; Sludge concentration in the reactor drum does not almost change, and maintains 19-23mgL basically
-1Methane production reaches 50%-68%.
Claims (8)
1. integrated coking chemical waste water/excess sludge synchronization processing method is to utilize the double-expansion granular sludge reactor drum, with water outlet external reflux and mud internal reflux bonded mode, realizes that the synchronous high-efficiency of coking chemical waste water and excess sludge is handled, and its treatment process is:
A. coking chemical waste water, recirculation water are got in the double-expansion granular sludge reactor drum through aeration distribution chamber, water-distributing device by reactor bottom; Supply with an amount of oxygen through aeration tube; And through aeration distribution chamber uniform distribution supply response device; With the little oxygen condition in the assurance reactor drum, and two swelling states of reactor drum endoparticle Sludge Bed;
B. coking chemical waste water and excess sludge are synchronized and obtain processed water after efficient degradation is handled through the double-expansion granular sludge bed of reactor reaction zone;
C. a part of double-expansion granular sludge of reactor reaction zone middle and upper part is back to the bottom of reactor reaction zone through mud return line, so that granular mud bed abundant expansion, reinforcing mass transfer guarantees the efficient degradation of coking chemical waste water and excess sludge;
D. the gas in the reactor reaction zone, granule sludge, processed water through the prominent piece that is positioned at reactor drum top with after three-phase separating device separates; Gas is collected by gas collector or directly discharging; Granule sludge is got back in the reactor drum; Processed water continues to filter the further intensified process of degraded layer through the suspension of settling region, the treating water separated into two parts that obtains, and a part is back to reactor bottom as recirculation water; Another part directly discharges, and directly the treating water volume of discharging is identical with the coking chemical waste water volume that gets into reactor drum in the unit time;
Above process is carried out continuously.
2. integrated coking chemical waste water according to claim 1/excess sludge synchronization processing method is characterized in that outside the double-expansion granular sludge reactor drum, being provided with thermal insulation layer, feeds circulating hot water in the thermal insulation layer to keep temperature suitable in the reactor drum.
3. integrated coking chemical waste water according to claim 1/excess sludge synchronization processing method is characterized in that realizing an amount of oxygen supply in reactor drum through the monitoring of redox potential in the reactor drum being controlled the size of aeration rate.
4. integrated coking chemical waste water according to claim 3/excess sludge synchronization processing method is characterized in that the oxidation reduction potential control in the reactor drum at 15～60mV, to keep the little oxygen condition in the reactor drum.
5. be used for the treatment unit of the said integrated coking chemical waste water of claim 1/excess sludge synchronization processing method, this device comprises:
A waste water basin that is used to store coking chemical waste water, the water outlet of this waste water basin is connected with water inlet pipe on the double-expansion granular sludge reactor drum, is used for coking chemical waste water is fed reactor drum;
A double-expansion granular sludge reactor drum; Comprise aeration distribution chamber, reaction zone and settling region three parts; Aeration tube that has solarization air cap and the filler that is used for even gas distribution are arranged in the aeration distribution chamber; The thread fungus appropriateness growth that reaction zone is useful on pollution substance in degrading waste water and the mud causes the suitably granule sludge of size of appropriate expansible, and the settling region filters degraded layer by the suspension of being made up of expansible small-particle mud or suspended sludge; The settling region is provided with effluent trough, and treating water flow to effluent trough from the settling region; Prominent piece and three-phase separating device are arranged on the top of reactor drum, between reaction zone and the settling region, are used to carry out the solid separation of gas-liquid in the reactor drum; Aeration distribution chamber below ligation device water inlet pipe;
Thermal insulation layer; Be wrapped in the outside of reactor drum; Its underpart is provided with the circulating hot water water inlet pipe that is used for the hot water that comes from water bath with thermostatic control is offered thermal insulation layer, and top is provided with the circulating hot water rising pipe that is used for water cycle in the thermal insulation layer is back to water bath with thermostatic control, is used for to reactor drum heating and insulation;
Mud return line is arranged on the middle and upper part of reactor drum, is used for that mud in the reactor drum is back to reactor lower part and gets into reactor drum, forms the mud circulation;
The effluent recycling pipe is arranged on the effluent trough bottom of reactor drum settling region, is connected with the reactor drum water inlet pipe, is used for treating water is back to reactor bottom;
Rising pipe is located at the effluent trough bottom of reactor drum settling region, is used to discharge treating water;
The collection and confinement of gases pipe is connected the top of three-phase separating device, is used for collecting the gas that coking chemical waste water and excess sludge treating processes produce;
And,
On every pipeline, be provided with valve, be used to control and regulate the flow of flowing water in this pipeline.
6. integrated coking chemical waste water according to claim 5/excess sludge synchronization processing apparatus is characterized in that the solarization air cap aperture on the said aeration tube is symmetricly set on the down position of 45 of aeration tube medullary ray.
7. integrated coking chemical waste water according to claim 5/excess sludge synchronization processing apparatus is characterized in that between settling region and effluent trough, being provided with effluent weir.
8. integrated coking chemical waste water according to claim 5/excess sludge synchronization processing apparatus is characterized in that between reaction zone and aeration distribution chamber, being provided with water-distributing device.
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