CN102432103B - Integrated coking wastewater/excess sludge synchronous treatment method and treatment device - Google Patents
Integrated coking wastewater/excess sludge synchronous treatment method and treatment device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102432103B CN102432103B CN201110337317.0A CN201110337317A CN102432103B CN 102432103 B CN102432103 B CN 102432103B CN 201110337317 A CN201110337317 A CN 201110337317A CN 102432103 B CN102432103 B CN 102432103B
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Abstract
The invention relates to an integrated coking wastewater/excess sludge synchronous treatment method and an integrated coking wastewater/excess sludge synchronous treatment device. A double expanded granular sludge bed reactor is used in the process of treating coking wastewater, the micro oxygen state in the reactor is maintained through appropriate aeration, the moderate growth of filamentous fungi in the reactor is promoted, and moderate expansion of granular sludge is formed; a high liquid upflow velocity in the reactor is maintained in a mode of combining effluent external reflux with sludge internal reflux, and conditions are created for the moderate expansion of a granular sludge bed by combining a large amount of gas generated in the reactor; meanwhile, the dominant culture of efficient strains capable of synchronously and efficiently treating the coking wastewater and excess sludge in the double expanded granular sludge bed reactor is promoted, the coking wastewater and the excess sludge are synchronously and efficiently treated, and high biomass energy of a system is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the synchronization processing method of a kind of coking chemical waste water and excess sludge, particularly relate to a kind of method of utilizing granule sludge Treatment of Wastewater in Coking and excess sludge.The invention still further relates to a kind for the treatment of unit that is applicable to above-mentioned coking chemical waste water and excess sludge treatment process.
Background technology
TREATMENT OF COKING is one global difficult problem, and using granule sludge Treatment of Wastewater in Coking is a kind of effective ways.According to country, municipal effluent is polluted the technical policy of controlling, TREATMENT OF COKING will inevitably relate to the problem of sewage disposal and sludge treatment, disposal two aspects.
1) the efficient processing problem of coking chemical waste water.Coking chemical waste water contains tens of kinds of inorganic and organic compound, comprises ammonia nitrogen, thiocyanide, sulfide, prussiate, phenol, aniline, benzopyrene etc., belongs to high pollution refractory reason trade effluent, is a kind of typical organic wastewater with difficult degradation thereby.
2) safe handling of excess sludge, handling problems.The at present safe disposal of a large amount of excess sludges and rationally utilization have become the bottleneck of wastewater treatment in China industry development, and coking chemical waste water is carried out a biological disposal upon in the excess sludge producing and contained a large amount of toxic pollutant matter, has larger danger.
So in Treatment of Coking Effluent process, should be that sewage and mud are laid equal stress on, both consider simultaneously!
Coking chemical waste water conventional processing adopts A at present
2/ O technique, although this technique can be removed the pollution substance in coking chemical waste water to a certain extent, but water outlet COD is just difficult to after dropping to a certain degree fall, be difficult to reach discharging standards, and most critical is that these remaining COD comprise that a large amount of toxicity, carcinogenic substance are as naphthalene class, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, SCN etc.That is to say, in current Treatment of Coking Effluent, COD qualified discharge becomes the heavy difficult point of breakthrough, must consider that the new technique of exploitation further solves the removal problem of these pollution substances in coking chemical waste water.
For the processing of excess sludge, the general technique adopting is concentrated+dehydration+outward transport now, and the moisture percentage in sewage sludge of outward transport is still more than 80%, adopt mummification+burning, the utilization of mummification+cement kiln/brickkiln+building materials, mummification+several modes such as generating all not too suitable, because so the mud of high-moisture percentage causes drying equipment investment very large, and the link such as follow-up burning also needs to have additional source of energy to drop into, be very worthless economically.During country " 12 ", for realizing the target of energy-saving and emission-reduction, recycle, emphasize that the emphasis of sludge treatment should be placed on the stable upper of mud, after mud is stabilized, can greatly reduce the impact on environment.Sludge stabilizing recommend adoption anaerobic sludge digestion technology or high temperature aerobic composting treatment technology.
As can be seen here, traditional coking waste water treatment process complexity (A
2/ O technique), in water outlet, also a residual part has the COD of harm to environment, and needing further to process (be generally at A
2after/O technique, add TSA biological filter, Practical Project table obvious results fruit neither be very good); And a large amount of excess sludges that this technique of what is more important produces also need to process disposal (such as concentrated+dehydration+(anaerobic digestion)+mummification+burning (or other technique)) through complicated technique.Therefore, traditional coking chemical waste water, excess sludge processing technological flow complexity, energy consumption high (especially highly energy-consuming stage especially in sludge treatment stage) also can be discharged a large amount of CO simultaneously in environment
2and some other material, do not meet the requirement of low-carbon economy, be necessary the degraded feature for the toxic pollutant material of the water quality characteristics of coking chemical waste water and final hard degradation, and in conjunction with the processing handle demand of excess sludge, develop new coking chemical waste water and excess sludge treatment process.Novel process must embody following characteristics: efficient, energy-conservation, reduction of discharging, also to consider in addition recovery and the utilization of the energy and resource maximum possible.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of integrated coking wastewater/excess sludge synchronous treatment method and treatment unit thereof, to reach the object of simultaneously efficient Treatment of Wastewater in Coking and excess sludge.
The present invention be directed to traditional coking chemical waste water, excess sludge complex treatment process, energy consumption is high, do not meet the deficiency of low-carbon economy requirement, and a kind of compact construction, front-end investment and the running cost that provide are low, treatment effect good, the scale double-expansion granular sludge bed integral process of Treatment of Wastewater in Coking and excess sludge simultaneously flexibly.This technique is in to the treating processes of coking chemical waste water, to adopt double-expansion granular sludge bed bioreactor, maintains the micro-oxygen condition in reactor by appropriate aeration, promotes hyphomycetic appropriateness growth in reactor, and the appropriateness that forms granule sludge expands; Keep the high liquid upflow velocity in reactor in the mode of water outlet external reflux and the combination of mud internal reflux, and the generation of gases in a large number in association reaction device, for granular mud bed suitable expansion creates conditions; Promote the advantage of double-expansion granular sludge bed interior energy synchronous high-efficiency Treatment of Wastewater in Coking and excess sludge high-efficiency strain to cultivate simultaneously, realize the synchronous high-efficiency processing of coking chemical waste water and excess sludge, and realized the high biomass energy of system.
Integrated coking wastewater/excess sludge synchronous treatment method of the present invention is:
A. coking chemical waste water, recirculation water are entered in double-expansion granular sludge reactor through aeration distribution chamber, water-distributing device by reactor bottom, supply with appropriate oxygen by aeration tube, and be uniformly distributed supplied reactor through aeration distribution chamber, to guarantee the micro-oxygen condition in reactor, and two swelling states of reactor endoparticle Sludge Bed;
B. coking chemical waste water and excess sludge, through the double-expansion granular sludge bed of reactor reaction zone, are obtained processed water after synchronous high-efficiency degradation treatment;
C. a part of double-expansion granular sludge of middle and upper part, reactor reaction zone is back to the bottom of reactor reaction zone through mud return line, so that granular mud bed abundant expansion, reinforcing mass transfer, the efficient degradation of assurance coking chemical waste water and excess sludge;
D. the gas in reactor reaction zone (gas producing in Treatment of Wastewater in Coking and excess sludge process), (Gu granule sludge), liquid (processed water) three-phase is through after being positioned at the projection on reactor top and separating with three-phase separating device, gas is collected by gas collector or directly discharge, granule sludge separates with processed water, granule sludge is got back in reactor, processed water continues the further intensive treatment of suspension filter degraded layer through settling region, the processing moisture obtaining becomes two portions, a part is back to reactor bottom as recirculation water, another part directly discharges, and directly the processing volume of water of discharge is identical with the coking chemical waste water volume that enters reactor within the unit time,
Above process is carried out continuously.
The present invention is that double-expansion granular sludge reactor is provided with thermal insulation layer, supply with the hot water of thermal insulation layer certain temperature through circulating hot water water inlet pipe from the hot water of water bath with thermostatic control, to keep suitable temperature in reactor, this hot water is back to water bath with thermostatic control through circulating hot water rising pipe, carry out continuously, the temperature of reactor realizes by temperature and the circulating hot water water inlet pipe and water outlet pipe flow of controlling water bath with thermostatic control.
The present invention is the size by the Monitoring and Controlling of redox potential in reactor being controlled to aeration rate, realizes to the appropriate oxygen supply in reactor.By the appropriate regulation to aeration rate size, the oxidation reduction potential control in reactor, at 15-60mV, is realized to the synchronous high-efficiency processing of coking chemical waste water and excess sludge.
The present invention also provides a kind for the treatment of unit that is applicable to above-mentioned coking wastewater/excess sludge synchronous treatment method simultaneously, and this device comprises:
One for storing the waste water basin of coking chemical waste water, and the water outlet of this waste water basin is connected with the water inlet pipe on double-expansion granular sludge reactor, for coking chemical waste water is passed into reactor;
A double-expansion granular sludge reactor, comprise aeration distribution chamber, reaction zone and settling region three parts, in aeration distribution chamber, have with the aeration tube of solarization air cap with for the even filler (as gravel) of gas distribution, solarization air cap aperture is symmetricly set on the down position of 45° angle of aeration tube medullary ray, can on the basis that fully guarantees aeration efficiency, effectively prevent aperture obstruction; The thread fungus appropriateness growth that is useful on pollution substance in degrading waste water and mud in reaction zone causes the granule sludge of the suitable size that appropriateness expands, these Granular sludge formations granular mud bed under the effect of liquid upflow velocity and air release in swelling state; The suspension filter degraded layer being formed by the small-particle mud by expanding or suspended sludge in settling region, settling region is provided with effluent trough in addition, processes water and flow to effluent trough by the effluent weir being arranged between settling region and effluent trough from settling region; Between reaction zone and aeration distribution chamber, be provided with water-distributing device; Projection and three-phase separating device are arranged on the top of reactor, between reaction zone and settling region, for carrying out the separation of gas-liquid-solid in reactor; Aeration distribution chamber below ligation device water inlet pipe;
Thermal insulation layer, be wrapped in the outside of reactor, its underpart is provided with the circulating hot water water inlet pipe for the hot water that comes from water bath with thermostatic control being offered to thermal insulation layer, top is provided with the circulating hot water rising pipe for water cycle in thermal insulation layer being back to water bath with thermostatic control, for heating and be incubated to reactor, make the optimum temps in pollutent and the degraded of mud synchronous high-efficiency in reactor;
Mud return line, is arranged on the middle and upper part (concrete setting position can be according to reactor running condition, Sludge Property etc. are determined) of reactor, for sludge reflux in reactor to reactor lower part is entered to reactor, form sludge circulation, guarantee the expansion of mud, circulatory motion state;
Effluent recycling pipe, is arranged on the effluent trough bottom of reactor settling region, is connected, for processing water is back to reactor bottom with reactor water inlet pipe;
Rising pipe, is located at the effluent trough bottom of reactor settling region, for discharging processing water;
Gas-collecting pipe, is connected to the top of three-phase separating device, the gas producing for collecting coking chemical waste water and excess sludge treating processes;
And,
On every pipeline, be provided with valve, for controlling and regulate the flow of flowing water in this pipeline.
One of feature of the present invention is to adopt high-efficient granule sewage sludge reactor to come synchronous processing coking chemical waste water and excess sludge as main process.
For the excess sludge of the coking chemical waste water containing a large amount of toxicity, difficult degradation pollution substance and more difficult disposal relatively, the successful key of carrying out a biological disposal upon is the selection of reactor.
At present, traditional coking waste water treatment process is all complicated A substantially
2/ O technique (even follow-up also will add TSA biological filter strengthen stable effluent quality), this technique is the degraded of considering by anaerobism section strengthening difficult degradation pollution substance in pollutant removal mechanism; Complete denitrification process by anoxic section; Complete the oxidation removal process of nitrifying process and organic pollution materials by aerobic section.But due to the defect (as pollution substance is degraded by anaerobic-anoxic-oxic order) of system itself, after making water outlet COD drop to a certain degree, be just difficult to fall, be difficult to reach discharging standards, and most critical is that these remaining COD comprise a large amount of toxicity, carcinogenic substance: such as naphthalene class, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, SCN etc., be difficult to by follow-up technique, such as BAF is further removed, namely at present COD qualified discharge becomes the heavy difficult point of breakthrough in Treatment of Coking Effluent.Must consider that the new technique of exploitation further solves the removal problem of these pollution substances of residue.
At present, what traditional sludge stabilization procedures adopted is common mesophilic anaerobic digestion technology, this technology sludge digestion efficiency is low, methane production is low, fluctuation of service, cause the sludge treatment anaerobic digester of many Sewage Plant substantially not move, perform practically no function, the final processing of mud is disposed and is also needed the means such as follow-up burning to solve.Consider from economy, environmental angle, still need to consider now the sludge organism New Process for Treatment of further development of new.
Comprehensive analysis, the efficient key of processing of coking chemical waste water and excess sludge is the change of reactor configuration---the application of novel high speed granular sludge reactor.
The effect that the application of this high-efficient granule sewage sludge reactor can reach is as follows.
1) efficiently remove pollution substance in coking chemical waste water.In the selected reactor of tradition coking waste water treatment process, the main body of biological action is all active sludge substantially, and settling property is poor, must rely on sludge reflux to guarantee the sludge concentration (sludge concentration is the highest can only reach 8g/L) in reactor.And the clear superiority of high-efficient granule sewage sludge reactor is sludge concentration high (more than can reaching 40g/L), sludge settling performance is good, and the residence time is long, has guaranteed the growth vigor of nitrifier, denitrifying bacteria etc.; Microorganism species is abundant, and flora is arranged closely, and the synergy between various microorganisms can effectively be transmitted pollution substance and metabolic intermediate; The height backflow of simultaneous reactions device, high liquid upflow velocity are again for the efficient mass transfer between dilution and the muddy water of toxicant provides assurance.These are all for the efficient removal of pollution substance in coking chemical waste water provides possibility above.
2) high-efficient granule sludge bed reactor can, simultaneously as sludge treatment reactor, reach the synchronous high-efficiency processing of coking chemical waste water and excess sludge.A maximum feature of excess sludge is exactly difficult degradation, may be for traditional biological treatment system, and biological sludge is only that the bacterial classification in microflora is fewer for processing some the easy pollution substances of degraded in waste water.But the biological sludge difference of Treatment of Wastewater in Coking, especially the granule sludge system of Treatment of Wastewater in Coking is a special microbial ecosystem, this system not only bacterial classification is abundant, flora is arranged closely, form effective cometabolism effect, and in this ecosystem of what is more important, there is a microorganism species of a large amount of degraded difficult degradation toxic pollutant materials, and having the flora of this function abundant, this special microorganism species can obtain the effect of synchronous high-efficiency Treatment of Wastewater in Coking and excess sludge.
Two of feature of the present invention is to have formed double-expansion granular sludge bed, the removal of pollution substance in strengthening coking chemical waste water and excess sludge.
For the pollution substance especially removal of difficult degradation toxic pollutant material, a key is how to strengthen muddy water mass transfer effect, traditional activated sludge process is by aeration reinforcing muddy water mass transfer, the strong mass transfer effect that high aeration produces is good, but deficiency is sludge concentration too low (mass transfer effect is good also not all right again).Novel particle sewage sludge reactor has formed the advantage of sludge concentration, but the performance of this reactor real advantage should be on the basis of advantage that guarantees high sludge concentration, further to strengthen muddy water mass transfer, finally improves processing efficiency (keeping High Load Rate and high clearance).
The present invention has formed double-expansion granular sludge bed in reactor, on the basis that guarantees the abundant mass transfer of muddy water, has strengthened effluent quality.
One of two expansions are that Sludge Bed expands: by the state that liquid upflow velocity improves and the release of gases makes whole Sludge Bed excessively be expanded to appropriateness by substantially static state in a large number, with this strengthen between muddy water and different microorganisms flora between mass transfer effect, improve treatment effect.A key issue of traditional biological reactor for treatment weak effect is that mud mass transfer effect is poor.Moreover in the effective expansion process of formation Sludge Bed, system has also utilized reflux dilution effect to reduce the toxicity restraining effect of toxic pollutants confrontation microorganism.
Two of two expansions are sludge bulking: be mainly to create conditions to allow the thread fungus appropriate growth on granule sludge surface, and strengthening effluent quality.Existing much research shows that thread fungus appropriate growth is conducive to improve effluent quality.But the past is to control sludge bulking for biological treatment for many years always.Because for traditional activated sludge process, sludge bulking is that (sludge bulking causes the slack-off or density variation of the heavy speed of mud to its main difficulty facing, can not guarantee the effluent quality of second pond, although mud appropriateness expansion energy improves effluent quality like this, cause second pond muddy water effectively not separate but control improper meeting, finally make whole treatment system move unsuccessfully).The advantage of granule sludge and micro-oxygen granular sludge reactor can be combined closely, form the suitable dominant granule sludge of thread fungus, (be not only the clearance that improves COD and ammonia nitrogen making full use of thread fungus expansion raising effluent quality, the more important thing is the removal of strengthening SS and turbidity) time can guarantee the settling property that mud is good, continue to keep micro-oxygen granular sludge reactor high sludge concentration, the advantage of the high biosolids residence time, there is not the problem that relies on second pond to guarantee effluent quality in granular sludge bed reactor namely, granule sludge has enough large heavy speed to guarantee that mud can rest in reactor, just can make full use of appropriate hyphomycetic growth whereby and strengthen the advantage of effluent quality.
Three of feature of the present invention is that the advantage of having strengthened the crucial bacterial classification of synchronous processing coking chemical waste water and excess sludge is cultivated.
Coking chemical waste water is different with common waste water, contains a large amount of toxicity difficult degradation pollutents in coking chemical waste water, and this can be described as the worst one side of Treatment of Coking Effluent, is a kind of waste water of very difficult biological treatment; But can be described as its favourable one side, coking chemical waste water is difficult, excess sludge is unmanageable too, and the microorganism of disposing of sewage has very strong domestication property and adaptability, like this, as long as can turn out the microorganism of efficient Treatment of Wastewater in Coking, just for the biological treatment system synchronous processing excess sludge of Treatment of Wastewater in Coking provides possibility.Key of the present invention is exactly by reactor configuration, microbial aggregate, the control of the key links such as microorganism living environment, reactor kinetics parameter, operational parameter control and Microbiological Characteristics parameter, the advantage that has completed fast the crucial bacterial classification of synchronous processing coking chemical waste water and excess sludge is cultivated.
Four of feature of the present invention is the rising fluidised form of the current in reactor, the circulation movement of granule sludge.
When current are during in upwelling fluidised form, upflow velocity acquires a certain degree, can form circulation relatively in the same way, make microorganism can constantly bear annular hydraulic friction, thereby can provide desirable waste water and the mode of action of microorganism, and can make germs collect become to have the rule particle of minimum surface free energy, this is the key that high velocity particle sewage sludge reactor starts fast.And another feature of the selected reactor of the present invention is that aspect ratio is higher, guarantee longer circulation track, thereby made microbial aggregate produce more effective hydraulic friction, made the inner microorganism species of granule sludge arrange tightr, the cometabolism effect of flora is stronger, and activity is higher.
Five of feature of the present invention is micro-oxygen environment.
Micro-oxygen environment can be described as the key of the advantage cultivation of synchronous processing coking chemical waste water and the crucial bacterial classification of excess sludge.In coking chemical waste water, contain a large amount of toxicity difficult degradation pollutents, also contain a large amount of ammonia nitrogens simultaneously, like this some pollution substances examine simple aerobic or simple anaerobic environment be difficult to remove, conventional process theory is also by aerobic and anaerobism (or anoxic) combination, but in conjunction with mode be anaerobism---anoxic---aerobic structures are linked in sequence, this mode easily causes the accumulation of mesostate on the one hand, thereby the processing efficiency of whole combined system is reduced, the more important thing is and likely have some pollutents just to have no idea thoroughly to remove at all.The present invention creates micro-oxygen environment in single reactor, rely on special germs collect state---granule sludge in reactor, outside granule sludge, in, internal layer forms different oxygen environment, for growth and the competition of multiple-microorganism provide possibility, also for the synchronous high-efficiency degraded of multiple pollutant provides possibility.By controlling the micro-oxygen condition in dissolved oxygen and reactor, guarantee that the quick advantage of synchronous high-efficiency removal coking chemical waste water and the crucial bacterial classification of excess sludge is cultivated simultaneously.
In addition, appropriate micro-oxygen environment has fully guaranteed two expansions of Sludge Bed and mud, and rely on reactor assembly provided by the present invention and install interior special current rising fluidised form, the sludge blanket (being called suspension filter degraded layer) that has become suitable thickness is formed at the top at reactor, this suspension filter degraded layer turgidity is suitable, play the effect of microorganism filtering layer, strengthened effluent quality.
Six of feature of the present invention is high-efficiency biomass of having strengthened system, and a kind of substitute energy is provided.
The thinking of tradition coking chemical waste water and excess sludge processing is that waste water and mud are all used as to pollutent or waste, needs to process clean discharge (with not to environment), such as by dirty organic pollutants is thoroughly converted into CO
2and mud, by sludge incineration etc.But in fact we should transition of people's conceptions: sewage and excess sludge are all the resources mislaying, in current global energy anxiety, in the urgent need to seeking under the situation of the novel clean energy, this novel energy of exploitation biomass energy more should cause our attention.A large amount of organic carbon source (organic pollutant) important source material of biomass energy just in sewage and mud, also has a large amount of N source, P source etc. in addition in sewage and mud, and H
2o(is water resources), we can be respectively by these resource recyclings, and for example we can consider organic pollutant in sewage and mud not thoroughly to be converted into CO
2but being translated into middle more useful material (as acetic acid, ethanol, methane etc.), we can also save mass energy (such as organic pollutant being converted into the required oxygen amount of intermediate material than organic pollutant is thoroughly converted into CO its tangible this link
2to obviously reduce).The present invention is exactly the high biomass energy of considering to realize as much as possible system, is converted into as much as possible methane (CH by the organic pollutant in coking chemical waste water and excess sludge
4).
The present invention is by limited aeration in high speed upwelling anaerobic granular sludge reactor, make it in the micro-oxygen condition of one, form double-expansion granular sludge, and the advantage that forms the crucial flora of pollution substance in synchronous high-efficiency Treatment of Wastewater in Coking and excess sludge is cultivated, in a reactor, realize synchronous processing coking chemical waste water and excess sludge, and realized the high-efficiency biomass of system.And, by mud internal reflux and water outlet external reflux, two expansions, the granule sludge that flora is abundant, activity is high, cometabolism effect is strong, the strengthening effect of suspension filter degraded layer etc., whole system contaminant removal efficiency is high, the residence time is short.It is strong that this just means that reactor has degradation of contaminant ability, volume required little, floor space is little, in engineering application, can significantly reduce the advantages such as facility investment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of integrated coking wastewater/excess sludge synchronization processing apparatus of the present invention.
Embodiment
Integrated coking wastewater/excess sludge synchronization processing apparatus as shown in Figure 1, is made up of double-expansion granular sludge reactor 8 and waste water tank 1.
Double-expansion granular sludge reactor 8 adopts synthetic glass to make, and whole reactor is divided into aeration distribution chamber 6, reaction zone and settling region 12 3 parts, and wherein, aeration distribution chamber 6 is positioned at reactor bottom, internal diameter 100mm, height 0.2m, volume 1.5L; Reactor major part is reaction zone, is positioned at the middle part of reactor, internal diameter 100mm, height 1.7m, volume 12L; Settling region 12 is positioned at reactor head, internal diameter 140mm, height 0.6m, volume 6L.
The reaction zone of reactor is useful on the granule sludge that the thread fungus appropriateness growth of pollution substance in degrading waste water causes appropriateness to expand, these Granular sludge formations granular mud bed under the effect of liquid upflow velocity in swelling state.There is suspension filter degraded layer the settling region of reactor, and this suspension filter degraded layer turgidity is suitable, has played the effect of microorganism filtering layer, strengthening effluent quality.
Between the aeration distribution chamber 6 of reactor 8 and reaction zone, be provided with a water-distributing device 7, aeration distribution chamber below ligation device water inlet pipe 4; Projection 9 and three-phase separating device 10 are arranged on the top of reactor, between reaction zone and settling region, for carrying out the separation of gas-liquid-solid in reactor; Settling region 12 is provided with effluent trough 22 in addition, processes water and flow to effluent trough 22 from settling region by the effluent weir 23 being arranged between settling region 12 and effluent trough 22; Effluent trough 22 bottoms are provided with rising pipe 11, and rising pipe 11 top sets go out effluent recycling pipe 13, for processing water is back to reactor bottom, and ligation device water inlet pipe 4; Above three-phase separating device 10, be also connected with gas-collecting pipe 24, the gas producing for collecting coking chemical waste water and excess sludge synchronous processing process.
Enter the excess sludge producing in the coking chemical waste water of reactor 8 and Treatment of Wastewater in Coking process and after double-expansion granular sludge bed degradation treatment, obtain processed water and gas (being mainly biomass energy gas-methane), granule sludge, processed water separates with three-phase separating device 10 through the projection 9 that is positioned at reactor top with the gas producing in treating processes, gas is collected utilization through gas-collecting pipe 24, granule sludge with process that water is thorough separates, granule sludge is got back in reactor 8, process moisture and become two portions, a part is by return line 13, valve 2 is connected and enters reactor 8 with reactor water inlet pipe 4 with effluent recycling pump 14, another part discharges by rising pipe 11.
Returned sluge is through mud return line 15, and valve 2 and sludge reflux pump 16 are back to the bottom of settling region from the middle and upper part, settling region of reactor 8.
Hot water from the hot water of water bath with thermostatic control through circulating hot water water inlet pipe 20 supplied reactor thermal insulation layer 19 certain temperatures, to keep the interior suitable temperature of reactor 8, this hot water is back to water bath with thermostatic control through circulating hot water rising pipe 21, and the temperature of reactor 8 realizes by the flow of controlling the temperature of water bath with thermostatic control and circulating hot water water inlet pipe 20, circulating hot water rising pipe 21.
Meanwhile, on above-mentioned each pipeline, be provided with valve 2, for controlling and regulate the flow of flowing water in this pipeline or mud.
The whole service process of above-mentioned integrated coking wastewater/excess sludge synchronization processing apparatus is divided into startup and two stages of steady running.
Unloading phase task have two: one, form fast double-expansion granular sludge; The 2nd, advantage is cultivated can synchronous high-efficiency Treatment of Wastewater in Coking and the crucial bacterial classification of excess sludge.
First the quick formation of double-expansion granular sludge will ensure the formation of a large amount of well behaved granule sludges, guarantee enough sludge concentrations in reactor, give full play to the unique advantage (sludge concentration is high) of high velocity particle sewage sludge reactor, next be only consideration and how utilize the various difficult degradation pollution substances of the efficient processing of this granule sludge, so the formation of double-expansion granular sludge is divided into two stages.Stage one is to form fast granule sludge.The outstanding feature of this granule sludge must be functional, is embodied in the many-sides such as high reactivity, good sedimentation function, high bacterial classification richness, microorganism are arranged closely, system metabolic capacity is strong.The concrete kind mud of selecting is the municipal sludge more easily obtaining, bacterial classification is abundant, and by the interpolation (as drawing mud) of a small amount of discrete particle mud, and by the cultivation of nutritious beer waste water or sanitary sewage, obtain in a short time a large amount of granule sludges, this stage must keep higher liquid upflow velocity, to guarantee the good granule sludge of forming property.Stage two is the two swelling states that form granule sludge.The control of this stage aeration amount is extremely important, mainly controls oxygen-supplying amount by controlling redox potential in reactor, makes the different sites differences how many according to dissolved oxygen content and redox potential of granule sludge occur different dominant microflora advantages.Moreover also form the expansion of hyphomycetic appropriateness growth formation mud appropriateness, with intensifying treatment effect.Secondly, control effluent recycling amount and sludge reflux amount, Sludge Bed appropriateness be expanded, and guarantee the abundant circulation state of mud, guarantee effective mass transfer of the effective mass transfer of muddy water and granule sludge inside.
After double-expansion granular sludge forms, cultivate some crucial bacterial classifications by advantage, obtain the synchronous high-efficiency processing of coking chemical waste water and excess sludge.This stage must be noted some: the one, in coking chemical waste water and excess sludge, all contain the toxic pollutant material of some difficult degradations, and the degraded of some pollution substances all needs multiple-microorganism flora cometabolism like this, and acting in conjunction completes; The second, in the process of these difficult degradation pollution substances of degraded, there are some bacterial classifications to play keying action, in necessary assurance system, the advantage of these crucial bacterial classifications is cultivated; The 3rd, the degraded of various pollution substances is interactional, and the degraded of some pollution substance is committed step, directly affects the processing rate of whole system.Specifically solve the optimization of the present reactor operating parameter of final body, the optimization of Sludge Property by the control of aeration rate, control, the control of Sludge Property parameter etc. of reactor operating parameter.
Stable operation stage is to optimize operating parameter and realize simultaneously the high-efficiency biomass of efficient processing, coking chemical waste water and the excess sludge of efficient processing, the excess sludge of coking chemical waste water.This stage will be paid close attention to four parameters: 1) sludge activity, directly sewage and the sludge treatment ability of decision systems; 2) contaminants removal rate and rate of load condensate, directly illustrates the comprehensive treatment effect 3 of sewage and mud) sludge concentration, apparent direct explanation sludge treatment effect; 4) methane production, system is converted into sewage and mud the ability of biomass energy.
Getting sewage work of Taiyuan City dewatered sludge cake carries out being inoculated in the reactor of embodiment 1 after activation recovering, and add a small amount of discrete particle mud as drawing mud, and get sanitary sewage quick domestication cultivation granule sludge under 35 ℃ of left and right medium temperature conditions of biotope, Taiyuan City.Influent COD is 149-615mgL
-1, about 60 days, starting successfully, granule sludge basically forms, and the weight percent that is greater than 0.45mm particle reaches 57%, and mud methanogenesis activity reaches 0.58gCODCH
4gVSS
-1d
-1, COD clearance remains on 62% left and right, and organic loading reaches 6.9kgCODm
-3.d
-1left and right.
Next be the crucial bacterial classification that forms double-expansion granular sludge bed synchronous advantage cultivation energy synchronous processing coking chemical waste water and excess sludge.Coking chemical waste water is taken from coke-oven plant of Taiyuan City, and the concentration of influent COD, ammonia nitrogen, phenols, SCN and CN is respectively 1400-2400mgL
-1, 89-368mgL
-1, 12.8-49.3mgL
-1, 66.7-154.7mgL
-1, 1.82-57.8mgL
-1.Coking chemical waste water flooding quantity is 1.0Lh
-1, aeration rate is 800mLmin
-1, effluent recycling amount is 20Lh
-1, liquid upflow velocity 2.7mh
-1, COD clearance is down to 10% in one week gradually; Improve gradually subsequently aeration rate to 5000mLmin
-1sludge Bed has been expanded to reactor middle and upper part, granule sludge surface also occurs that hyphomycetic appropriateness expands, but COD clearance still can only maintain 30%-40%, in the process that adapts to coking chemical waste water, there is leakage in mud, even there is the trend reducing in sludge concentration, but the phenomenon of microbiological deterioration lignin-sludge in reactor assembly does not also appear in this stage.Add a small amount of beer waste water as co-substrate, and further improve aeration rate to 8000mLmin
-1, COD clearance can suitably be increased to 35%-45%, but the trend further not improving.Analyze the changing conditions of Inlet and outlet water ammonia nitrogen, phenols, SCN and CN concentration, find that phenols has largely removal, but CN, ammonia nitrogen, SCN clearance is very low, and especially SCN and ammonia nitrogen are not almost removed.Stop adding beer, and add sodium bicarbonate, the clearance fast rise of COD, ammonia nitrogen and SCN, one and a half months COD clearance reaches 89%, and ammonia nitrogen removal frank and SCN clearance are respectively 78% and 95%.The aeration rate in this stage is 5000mLmin
-1, oxidation reduction potential control is at 30-50mV.
Flooding velocity 1.0Lh
-1, aeration rate 5000mLmin
-1, 3gL
-1sodium bicarbonate addition, steady running double-expansion granular sludge bed bioreactor starts sludge reflux pump simultaneously, sludge reflux amount is 6.5Lh
-1, effluent recycling amount is 15Lh
-1, liquid upflow velocity is 3.0mh
-1, Sludge Bed further expands, the further growth of Sludge Surface thread fungus, the granule sludge that part floc sludge and little surperficial thread fungus appropriateness are grown is gathered in reactor settling region and forms certain thickness suspension filter degraded layer, in reactor reaction zone, effectively circulation can both fast and effeciently transmit granule sludge surface and inner meta-bolites and pollution substance, flora is abundant and arrange tight, and the different crucial floras cultivation of gaining the upper hand, subregion sub-clustering ground or and the growth of mixing together ground, these floras can be successfully by difficult degradation in coking chemical waste water or the degraded of toxicity organic pollution materials, also the key substance that some can be controlled to whole system operation conditions is as ammonia nitrogen, SCN etc. are degraded effectively, simultaneously also can be by the effective katabolism of some pollution substances of difficult degradation more in excess sludge, realize the synchronous high-efficiency degraded of coking chemical waste water and excess sludge.The control of this stage aeration amount and redox potential is even more important, because be not only for Treatment of Wastewater in Coking and excess sludge, the more important thing is the high-efficiency biomass that will synchronously realize whole system, will produce as much as possible biomass energy-methane.But also must be combined with Sludge Property, adjust aeration rate and redox potential.Steady running under 35 ℃ of left and right medium temperature conditions, HRT12.0h, the concentration of influent COD, ammonia nitrogen, phenols, SCN and CN is respectively 1400-2400mgL
-1, 89-368mgL
-1, 12.8-49.3mgL
-1, 66.7-154.7mgL
-1, 1.82-57.8mgL
-1.Liquid upflow velocity 2.7mh
-1, sludge reflux amount 7.0Lh
-1, effluent recycling amount 13Lh
-1, aeration rate 3000-5000mLmin
-1, redox potential 15-60mV, COD, ammonia nitrogen, phenols, SCN and CN clearance are respectively 79%-89%, 56%-78%, 92%-100%, 82%-91% and 89%-99%; Sludge concentration in reactor does not almost change, and substantially maintains 20-25mgL
-1; Methane production reaches 58%-82%.
Embodiment 3.
The dewatered sludge of getting Taiyuan sewage work carries out being inoculated in the reactor of embodiment 1 after activation recovering, and coking chemical waste water is taken from coke-oven plant of Taiyuan City, and the concentration of influent COD, ammonia nitrogen, phenols, SCN and CN is respectively 630-950mgL
-1, 69-182mgL
-1, 10.8-200.3mgL
-1, 66.7-577.7mgL
-1, 0.49-57.8mgL
-1.Adopt autogamy beer waste water, and add a small amount of discrete particle mud as drawing mud, under 35 ℃ of conditions, start operation, maintain HRT3.4h, in one week by influent COD from 200mgL
-1bring up to 1000mgL
-1, influent load is by 1.58kgCODm
-3d
-1bring up to 7.5kgCODm
-3d
-1, about 10 days, just forming granule sludge fast, sludge concentration reaches 32.7gL
-1, VSS/SS reaches 0.66, COD clearance and reaches 94.7%.
Directly tame granule sludge with coking chemical waste water, adopt continuous micro-oxygen aeration mode, and start mud internal reflux and process water external reflux, with the good double-expansion granular sludge of quick forming property.Flooding velocity 1.2Lh
-1, liquid upflow velocity maintains 2.7-3.0mh
-1, aeration rate is from 600mLmin
-1increase gradually 800mLmin
-1, 1200mLmin
-1, 1500mLmin
-1, 2000mLmin
-1, 3000mLmin
-1, until 5000mLmin
-1.Redox potential is also brought up to 0mV left and right from-100mV left and right, and is further increased to 30mV left and right.Sludge Bed also starts to expand gradually, and under microscope, carries out microscopy discovery, and appropriate hyphomycetic advantage has also appearred in granule sludge surface, and effluent quality obviously improves.COD clearance reaches more than 70%, and ammonia nitrogen removal frank also starts to grow steadily.
Steadily improve subsequently redox potential to 20-60mV, flooding velocity increases to 1.5Lh
-1, liquid upflow velocity is stabilized in 3.0mh
-1, sludge reflux amount 7.5Lh
-1, effluent recycling amount 14Lh
-1, aeration rate 5000mLmin
-1, under 35 ℃ of left and right medium temperature conditions, HRT8.0h, for 1400-2400mgL
-1, 89-368mgL
-1, 12.8-49.3mgL
-1, 66.7-154.7mgL
-1, 1.82-57.8mgL
-1influent COD, ammonia nitrogen, phenols, SCN and CN concentration, clearance is respectively 70%-79%, 46%-65%, 93%-100%, 85%-91% and 88%-99%; Sludge concentration in reactor does not almost change, and substantially maintains 19-23mgL
-1; Methane production reaches 50%-68%.
Claims (7)
1. integrated coking wastewater/excess sludge synchronous treatment method, is to utilize double-expansion granular sludge reactor, in the mode of water outlet external reflux and the combination of mud internal reflux, realizes the synchronous high-efficiency processing of coking chemical waste water and excess sludge, and its treatment process is:
A. coking chemical waste water, recirculation water are entered in double-expansion granular sludge reactor through aeration distribution chamber, water-distributing device by reactor bottom, supply with appropriate oxygen by aeration tube, and be uniformly distributed supplied reactor through aeration distribution chamber, to guarantee the micro-oxygen condition in reactor, and two swelling states of reactor endoparticle Sludge Bed;
B. coking chemical waste water and excess sludge, through the double-expansion granular sludge bed of reactor reaction zone, are obtained processed water after synchronous high-efficiency degradation treatment;
C. a part of double-expansion granular sludge of middle and upper part, reactor reaction zone is back to the bottom of reactor reaction zone through mud return line, so that granular mud bed abundant expansion, reinforcing mass transfer, the efficient degradation of assurance coking chemical waste water and excess sludge;
D. the gas in reactor reaction zone, granule sludge, processed water are through after being positioned at the projection on reactor top and separating with three-phase separating device, gas is collected by gas collector or directly discharge, granule sludge is got back in reactor, processed water continues the further intensive treatment of suspension filter degraded layer through settling region, the processing moisture obtaining becomes two portions, a part is back to reactor bottom as recirculation water, another part directly discharges, and directly the processing volume of water of discharge is identical with the coking chemical waste water volume that enters reactor within the unit time;
Above process is carried out continuously;
Wherein, be provided with thermal insulation layer outward at double-expansion granular sludge reactor, in thermal insulation layer, pass into circulating hot water to keep suitable temperature in reactor; In aeration distribution chamber, have with the aeration tube of solarization air cap with for the even filler of gas distribution.
2. integrated coking wastewater/excess sludge synchronous treatment method according to claim 1, is characterized in that the size by the monitoring of redox potential in reactor being controlled to aeration rate, realizes to the appropriate oxygen supply in reactor.
3. integrated coking wastewater/excess sludge synchronous treatment method according to claim 2, is characterized in that the oxidation reduction potential control in reactor at 15～60mV, to keep the micro-oxygen condition in reactor.
4. for the treatment unit of integrated coking wastewater/excess sludge synchronous treatment method described in claim 1, this device comprises:
One for storing the waste water basin of coking chemical waste water, and the water outlet of this waste water basin is connected with the water inlet pipe on double-expansion granular sludge reactor, for coking chemical waste water is passed into reactor;
A double-expansion granular sludge reactor, comprise aeration distribution chamber, reaction zone and settling region three parts, in aeration distribution chamber, have with the aeration tube of solarization air cap with for the even filler of gas distribution, reaction zone is useful on appropriate growth of thread fungus of pollution substance in degrading waste water and mud and causes the granule sludge of the appropriate suitable size expanding, the suspension filter degraded layer that settling region is made up of the small-particle mud by expanding or suspended sludge; Settling region is provided with effluent trough, processes water and flow to effluent trough from settling region; Projection and three-phase separating device are arranged on the top of reactor, between reaction zone and settling region, for carrying out the separation of gas-liquid-solid in reactor; Aeration distribution chamber below ligation device water inlet pipe;
Thermal insulation layer, be wrapped in the outside of reactor, its underpart is provided with the circulating hot water water inlet pipe for the hot water that comes from water bath with thermostatic control being offered to thermal insulation layer, and top is provided with the circulating hot water rising pipe for water cycle in thermal insulation layer being back to water bath with thermostatic control, for heating to reactor and being incubated;
Mud return line, is arranged on the middle and upper part of reactor reaction zone, for sludge reflux in reactor to reactor lower part is entered to reactor, forms sludge circulation;
Effluent recycling pipe, is arranged on the effluent trough bottom of reactor settling region, is connected, for processing water is back to reactor bottom with reactor water inlet pipe;
Rising pipe, is located at the effluent trough bottom of reactor settling region, for discharging processing water;
Gas-collecting pipe, is connected to the top of three-phase separating device, the gas producing for collecting coking chemical waste water and excess sludge treating processes;
And,
On every pipeline, be provided with valve, for controlling and regulate the flow of flowing water in this pipeline.
5. treatment unit according to claim 4, is characterized in that the solarization air cap aperture on described aeration tube is symmetricly set on the down position of 45° angle of aeration tube medullary ray.
6. treatment unit according to claim 4, is characterized in that being provided with effluent weir between settling region and effluent trough.
7. treatment unit according to claim 4, is characterized in that being provided with water-distributing device between reaction zone and aeration distribution chamber.
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