CN104070573A - Efficient and environment-friendly method for preventing bamboo from mildewing - Google Patents
Efficient and environment-friendly method for preventing bamboo from mildewing Download PDFInfo
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- CN104070573A CN104070573A CN201410267938.XA CN201410267938A CN104070573A CN 104070573 A CN104070573 A CN 104070573A CN 201410267938 A CN201410267938 A CN 201410267938A CN 104070573 A CN104070573 A CN 104070573A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an efficient and environment-friendly method for preventing bamboo from mildewing. The method comprises a processing technique of moso bamboo laboratory mold preventing experimental samples, a preparation technique of white board culture medium, a mold inoculating technique, a moso bamboo pre-treatment (hydrochloric acid and sodium hydrate pre-treatment) technique, a moso bamboo enzyme treatment technique and a photography analysis technique of moso bamboo mold preventing experimental sample; aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid or sodium hydrate is used for treating bamboo to open the transverse transport system of the bamboo, so that amylase can easily enter the inside of the bamboo to react with the starch and reducing sugar inside the bamboo, and therefore the contents of starch and reducing sugar in the bamboo can be obviously reduced; abundant time for treatment can be saved and the labor efficiency can be improved. As proved in bamboo mold resistance experiments performed according to ASTM: D4445-03 (Standard Test Method for Fungicides for Controlling Sapstain and Mold on Unseasoned Lumber (Laboratory Method)): after the bamboo is subjected to pre-treatment and amylase treatment, the mold resistance of the bamboo is remarkably improved and no mold strain grows in an experiment period of 30 days.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is specifically related to a kind of anti-method of going mouldy of bamboo wood of high-efficiency environment friendly.
Background technology
Because bamboo wood acellular wall material (starch, reduced sugar, protein, fat, mineral matter etc.) content is high compared with broadleaf, very easily go mouldy.Be used at present processing the method that bamboo wood goes mouldy both at home and abroad and have some limitations, the growth of the bacterium that can not suppress completely effectively to go mouldy.
The research in early stage is found: amylase processing is resisted traditional mould (aspergillus niger, Penicillium citrinum, Trichoderma viride) infringement ability to raising bamboo wood and obviously improved; But due to the self structure of mao bamboon, cause amylase to be difficult to enter the inside of bamboo wood and starch and reduced sugar and react, affected to a certain extent the anti-mold effect of bamboo wood.
This plan is applied for a patent and is utilized the aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid or NaOH to process mao bamboon, opens the lateral transport system of bamboo wood, makes amylase can enter with comparalive ease bamboo wood starch and reduced sugar inner and bamboo wood inside and reacts, and reaches desirable anti-mold effect.The pretreatment fluid of excessive concentrations can destroy the physical and mechanical property of bamboo wood, in order to ensure the quality of final bamboo wood product, is 0.5% for the concentration of pretreated hydrochloric acid or sodium hydrate aqueous solution.Under the 0.5% hydrochloric acid pretreatment and diastatic co-treatment of 3 hours, the content of starch of bamboo wood is 0.72%, and content of reducing sugar is 0.23mg/ml, processes bamboo wood starch content 1.18% and the content of reducing sugar 0.92mg/L of 36 hours far below independent amylase.The bamboo wood fungus resistance verification experimental verification carrying out according to ASTM:D4445-03: after bamboo wood has adopted pretreatment and amylase to process, in the test period of 30 days without fungus growth.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the present invention to be specifically related to a kind of anti-method of going mouldy of bamboo wood of high-efficiency environment friendly.Utilize the method to open the lateral transport system of bamboo wood, make amylase can enter with comparalive ease bamboo wood starch and reduced sugar inner and bamboo wood inside and react, reach desirable anti-mold effect.Because amylase is a kind of environment-friendly products of effect of nonhazardous, therefore, there is vast potential for future development.
A kind of anti-method of going mouldy of bamboo wood that the invention provides high-efficiency environment friendly, the method comprises the steps:
Step 1: fell fresh mao bamboon, remove the foreign material that bamboo does, mao bamboon is cut into the bamboo section of 1.0 meters of left and right specification length;
Step 2: bamboo section is processed into bamboo cane on broken bamboo machine, sends into four side moulder force plane, the bamboo cane specification after force plane is that 1000mm × 25mm × 6mm(is long × wide × thick);
Step 3: the bamboo cane after force plane is sent into lumber kiln dry, 80～100 DEG C of baking temperatures, 24～48 hours drying times, the moisture control of dry rear bamboo cane is in 6～10% left and right;
Step 4: dried bamboo cane is sent into four side moulder adjustable cast iron planes, and the bamboo cane specification after adjustable cast iron planes is that 1000mm × 20mm × 5mm(is long × wide × thick), for subsequent use;
Step 5: get 24 grams of potato glucose culture mediums (PDb) and 15～20 grams of agar (Agar) pack in 2000 milliliters of vials, add 1000 ml distilled waters, after stirring, put into high-temp steam sterilizing case (Harvey) and carry out sterilizing; After 1～2 hour, take out, pour in blank, after cooling 5～15 minutes, after nutrient solution is solid shape, covers cover plate and put into incubator, for subsequent use;
Step 6: check the situation of solid medium in incubator blank every day, the culture medium in blank has miscellaneous bacteria to infect, and picks and abandons immediately as found;
Step 7: aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger), Penicillium citrinum (Penicillium citrinum), the bacterial classification of these 3 kinds of moulds of and Trichoderma viride (Trichoderma viride) is provided by the raw ring of the Chinese Academy of Forestry, and utilization connects acicula and connects bacterium to the culture medium in blank respectively.Complete to connect after bacterium is worked each blank is put into incubator, after 3 days, take out blank and do bamboo cane antifungal test;
Step 8: amylase is purchased from company of Sigma of the U.S. (the Sigma-Aldrich Co. Ltd.), enzyme is lived as 40000u/g, and the enzyme treatment fluid of modulation 120u/ml is for subsequent use;
Step 9: compound concentration is 0～1% respectively hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide solution, specification bamboo cane 1000mm × 20mm × 5mm(is long × wide × thick) add, weighting material is immersed in treatment fluid it completely, is warming up to 100 DEG C, process after 2～4 hours and to take out, clean with distilled water.Put into respectively the enzyme treatment fluid of the 120u/ml that step 8 prepares, be warming up to 100 DEG C, process after 2～4 hours and take out, after cleaning with distilled water again, processing bamboo cane is processed into the small pieces bamboo cane 50mm × 20mm × 5mm(that reaches laboratory mould proof test and require on sizing saw machine long × wide × thick), for subsequent use;
Step 10: the part small pieces bamboo cane that step 9 is obtained is sent into baking oven and baked over dry, then the bamboo cane of over dry is put into pulverizer and pulverize, the bamboo powder after pulverizing is crossed 40～60 object sieves, and the bamboo powder processing packs valve bag into, for subsequent use;
Step 11: according to spectrophotometer method (TAPPI T 419) and 3,5---dinitrosalicylic Acid Colorimetry (DNS (3.5-Dinitrosalicylic acid method)) is measured respectively content of starch and the content of reducing sugar of bamboo powder;
Step 12: the remainder bamboo chip that step 9 is obtained is sent into after fume hood ventilation, by the requirement of Fig. 1, first by U-shaped glass bar and tweezers high-temperature sterilization, U-shaped glass bar is carefully put into and dyed mould blank culture medium middle with tweezers, with tweezers, 2 of bamboo chip test specimens are placed on U-shaped glass bar carefully again, between two bamboo chips, leave the gap that is not less than 5mm, be placed in above the culture medium of blank, after covering cover plate, put into incubator, observe 2 times and record the situation of development of moulds every day, whole process continues 30 days, until whole bamboo material surface covers mould completely, finish.
The nutrient solution that described step 5 prepares is in the sterilization process of Harvey equipment, and the lid of 2000 milliliters of vials can not cover in sterilization process, prevent vial in heating process because of overheated splash to rise break.
In described step 5, fall in the operating process of blank, it is stable that hand must keep, and the nutrient solution of pouring into must be relatively accurate, and nutrient solution is the bottom surface of the full whole blank of tiling evenly, should avoid forming bubble in nutrient solution as far as possible.
The temperature of described step 6 incubator is controlled at 25
oc ± 2
oc, relative humidity is controlled at 85～90%, and the standard that detects institute's foundation is that ASTM:D4445-03(bactericide goes mouldy on unseasoned timber and look becomes the standard detecting method (laboratory method) " Standard method for testing fungicides for controlling sapstain and and mould on unseasoned lumber (Laboratory Method) " affecting.
Described step 7 is before connecing bacterium to culture medium, and the exhaust fan that must open fume hood ventilates, and must, with 1% alcohol liquid to workbench pasteurised completely, connecing in bacterium process, connect acicula and must use alcolhol burner calcination sterilization.
Amylase in described step 8 is the α-amylase of low-temp reaction, and applicable reaction temperature is 95 DEG C.
In described step 10, the baking temperature of baking oven is controlled at 100～110 DEG C, 12～36 hours drying times.
Described in described step 12, above the culture medium of blank, put into the U-shaped glass bar of diameter 3mm, the direct knot that is used for separating mould and bamboo chip touches.
While observing and record development of moulds degree in described step 12, can complete by the mode of the photography of taking pictures.Concrete method of operating is: blank is placed on camera stand, and camera is fixed on camera stand, takes pictures facing to blank, and bamboo cane is infecting after mould, and the color of its outward appearance can change.After photo prints, its dash area has represented the part that mycotic infection occurs.The dash area of fungal infection is cut with scissors, by with not (electronic balance) of weight ratio of the cutting out section of the bamboo cane photo of fungal infection of incipient stage, can accurately estimate the order of severity of bamboo chip mycotic infection.
Once find bamboo cane surface fungal infection completely in described step 12, judge that the laboratory mould proof test of this bamboo cane finishes.
The invention has the advantages that: a kind of anti-method of going mouldy of bamboo wood that high-efficiency environment friendly is provided.Utilize the method to open the lateral transport system of bamboo wood, making amylase can enter with comparalive ease bamboo wood starch and reduced sugar inner and bamboo wood inside reacts, reach desirable anti-mold effect, the bamboo wood fungus resistance verification experimental verification carrying out according to ASTM:D4445-03: after bamboo wood has adopted pretreatment and amylase to process, bamboo wood is without any fungus growth in the test period of 30 days.Because amylase is a kind of environment-friendly products of effect of nonhazardous, harmless.Therefore, there is vast potential for future development.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is embodiment of the present invention bamboo wood laboratory mould proof test schematic diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
embodiment 1
A kind of concrete steps of the anti-method of going mouldy of bamboo wood of high-efficiency environment friendly are:
Step 1: fell fresh mao bamboon, remove the foreign material that bamboo does, mao bamboon is cut into the bamboo section of 1.0 meters of left and right specification length;
Step 2: bamboo section is processed into bamboo cane on broken bamboo machine, sends into four side moulder force plane, the bamboo cane specification after force plane is that 1000mm × 25mm × 6mm(is long × wide × thick);
Step 3: the bamboo cane after force plane is sent into lumber kiln dry, 100 DEG C of baking temperatures, 36 hours drying times, the moisture control of dry rear bamboo chip is in 8% left and right;
Step 4: dried bamboo chip is sent into four side moulder adjustable cast iron planes, and the bamboo cane specification after adjustable cast iron planes is that 1000mm × 20mm × 5mm(is long × wide × thick), for subsequent use;
Step 5: get 24 grams of potato glucose culture mediums (PDb) and 20 grams of agar (Agar) pack in 2000 milliliters of vials, add 1000 ml distilled waters, after stirring, put into Harvey and carry out sterilizing; After 2 hours, take out, pour in blank, after cooling 15 minutes, after nutrient solution is solid shape, covers cover plate and put into incubator, for subsequent use;
Step 6: check the situation of solid medium in incubator blank every day, the culture medium in blank has miscellaneous bacteria to infect, and picks and abandons immediately as found;
Step 7: aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger), Penicillium citrinum (Penicillium citrinum), the bacterial classification of these 3 kinds of moulds of and Trichoderma viride (Trichoderma viride) is provided by the raw ring of the Chinese Academy of Forestry, and utilization connects acicula and connects bacterium to the culture medium in blank respectively.Complete to connect after bacterium is worked each blank is put into incubator, after 3 days, take out blank and do bamboo wood antifungal test;
Step 8: amylase is purchased from company of Sigma of the U.S. (the Sigma-Aldrich Co. Ltd.), enzyme is lived as 40000u/g, and the enzyme treatment fluid of modulation 120u/ml is for subsequent use;
Step 9: compound concentration is 0～1% respectively hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide solution, specification bamboo cane 1000mm × 20mm × 5mm(is long × wide × thick) add, weighting material is immersed in treatment fluid it completely, is warming up to 100 DEG C, process after 3 hours and to take out, clean with distilled water.Put into respectively the enzyme treatment fluid of the 120u/ml that step 8 prepares, be warming up to 100 DEG C, process after 3 hours and take out, then after cleaning with distilled water, processing bamboo cane is processed into the small pieces bamboo cane 50mm × 20mm × 5mm(that reaches laboratory mould proof test and require on sizing saw machine long × wide × thick), for subsequent use;
Step 10: the part small pieces bamboo cane that step 9 is obtained is sent into baking oven and baked over dry, then the bamboo cane of over dry is put into pulverizer and pulverize, the bamboo powder after pulverizing is crossed 60 object sieves, and the bamboo powder processing packs valve bag into, for subsequent use;
Step 11: according to spectrophotometer method (TAPPI T 419) and 3,5---dinitrosalicylic Acid Colorimetry (DNS (3.5-Dinitrosalicylic acid method)) is measured respectively content of starch and the content of reducing sugar of bamboo powder;
Step 12: the part bamboo chip that step 9 is obtained is sent into after fume hood ventilation, be placed in by the requirement of Fig. 1 above the culture medium of blank, after covering cover plate, put into incubator, observe 2 times and record the situation of development of moulds every day, whole process continues 30 days, until whole bamboo material surface covers mould completely, finish.
Preferably, the nutrient solution that described step 5 prepares is in the sterilization process of Harvey equipment, and the lid of 2000 milliliters of vials can not cover in sterilization process, prevent vial in heating process because of overheated splash to rise break.
Preferably, in described step 5, fall in the operating process of blank, it is stable that hand must keep, and the nutrient solution of pouring into must be relatively accurate, and nutrient solution is the bottom surface of the full whole blank of tiling evenly, should avoid forming bubble in nutrient solution as far as possible.
Preferably, the temperature of described step 6 incubator is controlled at 25
oc, relative humidity is controlled at 85.
Preferably, described step 7 is before connecing bacterium to culture medium, and the exhaust fan that must open fume hood ventilates, and must, with 1% alcohol liquid to workbench pasteurised completely, connecing in bacterium process, connect acicula and must use alcolhol burner calcination sterilization.
Preferably, the amylase in described step 8 is the α-amylase of low-temp reaction, and its optimal reaction temperature is 95 DEG C.
Preferably, in described step 10, the baking temperature of baking oven is controlled at 105 DEG C, 24 hours drying times.
Preferably, put into the U-shaped glass bar of diameter 3mm described in described step 12 above the culture medium of blank, the direct knot that is used for separating mould and bamboo chip touches.
Preferably, while observing and record development of moulds degree in described step 12, can complete by the mode of the photography of taking pictures.Concrete method of operating is: blank is placed on camera stand, and camera is fixed on camera stand, takes pictures facing to blank, and bamboo cane is infecting after mould, and the color of its outward appearance can change.After photo prints, its dash area has represented the part that mycotic infection occurs.The dash area of fungal infection is cut with scissors, by with not (electronic balance) of weight ratio of the cutting out section of the bamboo cane photo of fungal infection of incipient stage, can accurately estimate the order of severity of bamboo cane mycotic infection.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, all equalizations of doing according to the present patent application the scope of the claims change and modify, and all should belong to covering scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the anti-method of going mouldy of the bamboo wood of high-efficiency environment friendly, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) fell fresh mao bamboon, remove the foreign material that bamboo does, mao bamboon is cut into the bamboo section of 1.0 meters of left and right specification length;
(2) bamboo section is processed into bamboo cane on broken bamboo machine, sends into four side moulder force plane, bamboo cane specification after force plane is long × wide × thick is 1000mm × 25mm × 6mm;
(3) bamboo cane after force plane is sent into lumber kiln and be dried, 80～100 DEG C of baking temperatures, 24～48 hours drying times, the moisture control of dry rear bamboo cane is 6～10%;
(4) dried bamboo cane is sent into four side moulder adjustable cast iron planes, bamboo cane specification after adjustable cast iron planes is long × wide × thick is 1000mm × 20mm × 5mm, for subsequent use;
(5) get 24 grams of potato glucose culture mediums and 15～20 grams of agar pack in 2000 milliliters of vials, add 1000 ml distilled waters, after stirring, put into high-temp steam sterilizing case and carry out sterilizing; After 1～2 hour, take out, pour in blank, after cooling 5～15 minutes, after nutrient solution is solid shape, covers cover plate and put into incubator, for subsequent use;
(6) check the situation of solid medium in incubator blank every day, as found, the culture medium in blank has miscellaneous bacteria to infect, and picks and abandons immediately;
(7) aspergillus niger (
aspergillus niger), Penicillium citrinum (
penicillium citrinum), and Trichoderma viride (
trichoderma viride) bacterial classifications of this 3 kinds of moulds provided by raw ring institute of the Chinese Academy of Forestry, utilizes to connect acicula and connect bacterium to the culture medium in blank respectively, completes after connecing bacterium work each blank is put into incubator, after 3 days, take out blank and do bamboo wood antifungal test;
(8) amylase, enzyme is lived as 40000u/g, and the enzyme treatment fluid of modulation 120u/ml is for subsequent use;
(9) compound concentration is 0～1% respectively hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide solution, add for 1000mm × 20mm × 5mm long × wide × thick specification bamboo cane, weighting material is immersed in treatment fluid it completely, is warming up to 100 DEG C, process after 2～4 hours and to take out, clean with distilled water; Put into respectively the enzyme treatment fluid of the 120u/ml that step 8 prepares, be warming up to 100 DEG C, process after 2～4 hours and take out, then after cleaning with distilled water, on sizing saw machine, be processed into by processing bamboo cane small pieces bamboo cane length × wide × thick 50mm × 20mm × 5mm that reaches laboratory mould proof test requirement, for subsequent use;
(10) part small pieces bamboo cane step 9 being obtained is sent into baking oven and is baked over dry, then the bamboo chip of over dry is put into pulverizer and pulverize, and the bamboo powder after pulverizing is crossed 40～60 object sieves, and the bamboo powder processing packs valve bag into, for subsequent use;
(11) according to spectrophotometer method and 3,5---dinitrosalicylic Acid Colorimetry is measured respectively content of starch and the content of reducing sugar of bamboo powder;
(12) remainder bamboo chip step 9 being obtained is sent into fume hood and is ventilated after 2 weeks, first by U-shaped glass bar and tweezers high-temperature sterilization, U-shaped glass bar is carefully put into and dyed mould blank culture medium middle with tweezers, with tweezers, 2 of bamboo chip test specimens are placed on U-shaped glass bar carefully again, between two bamboo chips, leave the gap that is not less than 5mm, after covering cover plate, put into incubator, observe 2 times and record the situation of development of moulds every day, whole process continues 30 days, until whole bamboo cane surface covers mould completely, finish.
2. processing method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the nutrient solution that described step 5 prepares is in the sterilization process of Harvey equipment, and the lid of 2000 milliliters of vials can not cover in sterilization process, prevent vial in heating process because of overheated splash to rise break.
3. processing method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, falls in the operating process of blank in described step 5, it is stable that hand must keep, the nutrient solution of pouring into must be accurately, and nutrient solution is the bottom surface of the full whole blank of tiling evenly, should avoid forming bubble in nutrient solution.
4. processing method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the temperature of described step 6 incubator is controlled at 25
oc ± 2
oc, relative humidity is controlled at 85～90%, and the standard that detects institute's foundation is ASTM:D4445-03.
5. processing method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described step 7 is before connecing bacterium to culture medium, the exhaust fan that must open fume hood ventilates, must, with 1% alcohol liquid to workbench pasteurised completely, connecing in bacterium process, connect acicula and must use alcolhol burner calcination sterilization.
6. processing method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the amylase in described step 8 is low temperature α-amylase.
7. processing method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step 10, the baking temperature of baking oven is controlled at 100～110 DEG C, 12～36 hours drying times.
8. processing method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, puts into the U-shaped glass bar of diameter 3mm described in described step 12 above the culture medium of blank, and the direct knot that is used for separating mould and bamboo chip touches.
9. processing method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, while observing and record development of moulds degree in described step 12, complete by the mode of the photography of taking pictures, concrete method of operating is: blank is placed on camera stand, camera is fixed on camera stand, take pictures facing to blank, bamboo cane is infecting after mould, the color of its outward appearance can change, after photo prints, its dash area has represented the part that mycotic infection occurs, the dash area of fungal infection is cut with scissors, by with the incipient stage not the cutting out section of the bamboo cane photo of fungal infection weight ratio, can estimate the order of severity of bamboo cane mycotic infection.
10. processing method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, once find the complete fungal infection of bamboo cane in described step 12, judges that the laboratory mould proof test of this bamboo cane finishes.
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| CN104690792A (en) * | 2015-03-18 | 2015-06-10 | 福建农林大学 | Pre-softening process of moso bamboo chips |
| CN104708698A (en) * | 2015-03-18 | 2015-06-17 | 福建农林大学 | Processing method for aroma type radiation protection spruce edge-grain lumber wooden mobile phone shell |
| CN106182271A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-12-07 | 阜南县永盛工艺品有限公司 | A kind of processing method of wicker mildew and insect proof |
| CN106584618A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-04-26 | 梅庆波 | Preparation method of mildewproof bamboo canes for bamboo-wood composite board |
| CN112959448A (en) * | 2021-02-06 | 2021-06-15 | 国际竹藤中心 | Green and environment-friendly bamboo mildew-proof method |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104690792A (en) * | 2015-03-18 | 2015-06-10 | 福建农林大学 | Pre-softening process of moso bamboo chips |
| CN104708698A (en) * | 2015-03-18 | 2015-06-17 | 福建农林大学 | Processing method for aroma type radiation protection spruce edge-grain lumber wooden mobile phone shell |
| CN104708698B (en) * | 2015-03-18 | 2016-06-01 | 福建农林大学 | The working method of a kind of fragrant radioprotective dragon spruce quarter sawing plate wood mobile phone shell processed |
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| CN106584618A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-04-26 | 梅庆波 | Preparation method of mildewproof bamboo canes for bamboo-wood composite board |
| CN106584618B (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2018-06-01 | 福建泉州铁独特家具有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of the mould proof bamboo cane of bamboo-wood plyboard |
| CN112959448A (en) * | 2021-02-06 | 2021-06-15 | 国际竹藤中心 | Green and environment-friendly bamboo mildew-proof method |
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