CN104057175A - Welding method of short section negative direction jacking - Google Patents
Welding method of short section negative direction jacking Download PDFInfo
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- CN104057175A CN104057175A CN201410135445.0A CN201410135445A CN104057175A CN 104057175 A CN104057175 A CN 104057175A CN 201410135445 A CN201410135445 A CN 201410135445A CN 104057175 A CN104057175 A CN 104057175A
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- welding
- weld seam
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/02—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
- B23K2101/10—Pipe-lines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
- B23K2101/12—Vessels
Abstract
The invention relates to a welding method of short section negative direction jacking, and solves the repairing problem of a pressure vessel or a high pressure pipeline under a working condition. During flat position welding, a weld joint A 60-80 mm in length is firstly welded at the undamaged part of one end of a crack along the forward direction of the crack, the tail end of the weld joint A is closed at the end head of the crack or a nearby position, arcing is performed 15-30 mm away from the tail end of the weld joint A when the weld joint A is cooled, the welding is performed in the negative direction along the weld joint until the tail end of the weld joint A, the welding is continued until an overlapping is formed together with the tail end of the weld joint A so that a weld joint B is formed, arcing is performed at the crack 15-30 mm away from the arcing position of the weld joint B, welding is performed along the weld joint in the negative direction until the arcing position of the weld joint B, the welding is continued until a weld joint C is formed by forming an overlapping section together with the arcing position of the weld joint B, and the above operation is repeated until the whole weld joint is closed welded; vertical position welding is performed from the upper part of the weld joint to the lower part section by section. The welding method provided by the invention can effectively realize repair welding and repairing of a crack of the pressure vessel or a high pressure pipeline under pressure.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to one and utilize welding deformation, welding method is pressed in short section of reverse top of the one of pressure vessel with pressure and pressure duct.
Technical background:
For the pressure duct of pressure vessel and main equipment, often can there is pressure release drainage.Conventional processing method generally adopts and changes pipeline or shut down and repair at present, and this method stand-by time is long, and impact is produced, and only has reparation with pressure or does not shut down reparation, could better meet and produce, and reduces shutdown loss.
Summary of the invention:
The present invention adopts reverse (in the other direction), and short section of welding is exactly to make welding arc avoid the pressure medium of leak, and electric arc can normal combustion, realizes band pressure welding, the reparation problem with pressure container or pressure duct under in working order.
The present invention is realized by following technical scheme:
Welding method is pressed on a kind of short section of reverse top, comprises the following steps:
For downhand welding and horizontal position welding, first in the unspoiled workpiece metal in the one end in crack, forward weld one section of approximately one section of long weld seam A of 60～80mm by the direction identical with fracture length, the end of weld seam A is received in the termination in crack or as far as possible near termination, after weld seam A is cooling, from starting the starting the arc apart from the crack of weld seam A end 15～30mm, thereby the end along the reverse reflow of weld seam to weld seam A the end that continues to weld with weld seam A form one section of overlapping formation weld seam B, after weld seam B is cooling, from starting the starting the arc apart from the crack at the weld seam B starting the arc 15～30mm place, thereby starting the arc place along the reverse reflow of weld seam to weld seam B starting the arc place that continues to weld with weld seam B form one section of overlapping formation weld seam C, according to said method, operation repeatedly, until by whole weld seam seam, also can Using such method, from weld seam two ends, be at one end soldered after one section, in other end welding, latter one section is soldered immediately, and the last period, weld seam was just cooling, hocketed like this, by whole weld seam seam.
For vertical position welding, start welding according to said method from weld seam top, carry out downwards piecemeal.
When thickness of workpiece < 5mm, take contact method striking, when thickness of workpiece >=5mm, also can be with the method striking of making an arc, two kinds of method arc length all remain on 2～3mm.
When pipeline, container inner pressure are during lower than 1MPa, welding rod should be perpendicular to workpiece; When pipeline, container inner pressure are during greater than or equal to 1MPa, welding rod longitudinally becomes the angle of 70 °～80 ° with crack, laterally vertical with crack, and when welding, welding rod does rectilinear motion or slightly teeter along crack.
Fusion penetration can be at 38%～42% of thickness of workpiece.
When air, steam pipework or container band pressure welding, welding current large 30～40A when welding identical workpiece under normal circumstances, when heating or water for industrial use pipeline band pressure welding, welding current should be than welding under normal circumstances the large 50～60A of identical workpiece.
When thickness of workpiece > 12mm, by after the seam of crack, carry out multi-layer multi-pass welding by normal welding method butt welded seam by short section of reverse top pressure welding connection.When the welding second layer above weld seam, arc manipulation does teeter, and control weld reinforcement prevents from forming weld seam and crosses and exceed steep phenomenon.
The present invention utilizes weld seam and heat affected area thereof to shrink the stress producing, and makes local sternly this principle of receiving of weld gap, and realize the crackle of pressure vessel with pressure and pressure duct is carried out to Welding Repair, be a kind of method of effectively utilizing welding deformation.
Brief description of the drawings:
Fig. 1 is schematic diagram before test plate (panel) weldering;
Fig. 2 is test plate (panel) postwelding schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is schematic diagram before the overlapping weldering of test plate (panel);
Fig. 4 is the overlapping postwelding schematic diagram of test plate (panel);
Fig. 5 is weldment cross-direction shrinkage and longitudinal contraction schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is contraction and the welding schematic diagram of weld seam;
Fig. 7 is cross joint welding schematic diagram;
Fig. 8 is striking, arc manipulation and receipts arc schematic diagram.
Detailed description of the invention:
Under normal conditions, two flat boards when butt welding, should make the gap clearance of sample open certain angle (Fig. 1) under free state before welding.Along with the angle of opening of welding is dwindled gradually, after being soldered, just can obtain the sample (Fig. 2) of standard.Otherwise, if two parallel placements of flat board (Fig. 3) will produce the overlapping phenomenon of two boards (Fig. 4) in welding, welding cannot be proceeded.
The stress producing is shunk in weld seam and heat affected area thereof, and heat affected area metal is shunk, and forms welded gaps seam and receives gradually tight.Experimental results show that: amount of contraction shows as both direction, i.e. cross-direction shrinkage and longitudinal contraction (Fig. 5).
Utilize weld seam and heat affected area thereof to shrink the stress producing, make local sternly this principle of receiving of weld gap, realize the crackle of pressure vessel with pressure and pressure duct is carried out to Welding Repair.Because both sides, the crack metal of pressure vessel with pressure and pressure duct is an entirety before splitting, in the process of splitting, be normally not present defect, the distortion on both sides is close, therefore, under larger welding stress effect, can reach the local tight effect of receiving completely.Receiving tight position, pressure medium cannot be leaked, form crackle and receive Yan Yiduan, weld one section; Weld one section, then receive Yan Yiduan, repeatedly receive tight and welding, until whole weld seam seam is without leakage.Visible, short section of reverse pressure on top surface welding, is a kind of method of effectively utilizing welding deformation.
While using reverse pressure on top surface welding, accurately judge contracted length to the crackle of pressure vessel with pressure and pressure duct, strictly control welding arc and molten bath and be in all the time crack contraction, receive in tight scope.If can not very accurately judge, the contraction of weld seam receives tight length, should be by as far as possible little welding pool when welding, and avoid welding pool to exceed weld seam and shrink and receive tight length.In addition, require operator's striking speed to want fast when welding, adopt less weld heat input, prevent that weld seam from crossing thermal expansion, shrinkage stress reduces, and causes workpiece to burn, and makes high-pressure medium leak expansion.
Fracture Welding Repair, in the workpiece metal of first damaging at the end, one end in crack, weld one section of approximately one section of long weld seam of 60～80mm by the direction identical with fracture length, the cross-direction shrinkage stress of this section of cooling rear generation of weld seam, just can make Zi Zhe one end, crack start the one section of contraction completely that has 15～30mm long, reach without revealing, treat weld seam metal cold but, just can weld this short section and receive tight crack.After one section of weld seam has welded, treat that the deposited metal of weld seam is cooling, welding region is dark by red stain, and weld seam has again the weld seam of one section of 15～30mm to shrink, receive sternly, then welds this section of weld seam (Fig. 6,7).
Like this, shrink one section, weld one section; Shrink one section again, then weld one section, operation repeatedly, until by whole weld seam seam, such welding method is short section of reverse band pressure welding.
Apply short section of reverse top pressure welding connection, when pipeline, container inner pressure are during lower than 1MPa, welding rod should be perpendicular to workpiece; When pipeline, container inner pressure are during higher than 1MPa, welding rod longitudinally becomes the angle of 70 °～80 ° with crack, laterally vertical with crack.When welding, the axis of welding rod will be aimed at crack, is strictly on guard against and burns partially, when applying short section of reverse band pressure welding and doing downhand welding and horizontal position welding (Fig. 6), operator should select both convenient operations according to actual conditions, can ensure that again safe one end starts welding, in situation with good conditionsi, also can be from two ends, be at one end soldered after one section, weld at the other end immediately, latter one section is soldered, the last period, weld seam was just cooling, hocketed like this, can shorten weld interval.
Be easier to operation for downhand welding and horizontal position welding ratio, and cross joint acquires a certain degree of difficulty.When cross joint welding (Fig. 7), should, from upper end, carry out downwards piecemeal, in welding process, should note preventing molten iron tenesmus, form incomplete fusion.
In a word, as shown in Figure 8, short section of reverse top presses welding method for the repair welding order of pressure duct and pressure vessel to be: first in the unspoiled workpiece metal in the one end in crack, forward weld one section of approximately one section of long weld seam A of 60～80mm by the direction identical with fracture length, form and receive tight one section of crackle, the end 1 of weld seam A is received in the termination in crack or as far as possible near termination, after weld seam A is cooling, from the crack apart from weld seam A end 1 distance 15～30mm (being that crackle is received crossing place tight and that leak), start the starting the arc as starting the arc place 2, thereby the end 1 along the reverse reflow of weld seam to weld seam A the end that continues to weld with weld seam A form one section of overlapping formation weld seam B, after weld seam B is cooling, from the crack at the 15～30mm place apart from the weld seam B starting the arc 2 distances, start the starting the arc as starting the arc place 3, thereby starting the arc place along the reverse reflow of weld seam to weld seam B 2 starting the arc place 2 that continues to weld with weld seam B form one section of overlapping formation weld seam C, according to said method, operation repeatedly, until by whole weld seam seam, repeat like this welding, receive tight operation, until slit leakage part is all soldered.
The concrete operation method of striking, arc manipulation and the receipts arc of short section of reverse top pressure welding connection:
Striking: when weld in each section of crack, take contact method striking, and striking point must contract, receive striking on tight crack.In the time that thickness of workpiece is more than or equal to 5mm, also can be with the method striking of making an arc, specific practice is: by electrode tip from cooling weld seam, start to contact with workpiece near one end, crack, along fractuer direction, on the crack of shrinking, row dry, and rapidly welding rod is mentioned, make arc length remain on 2～3mm, form behind molten bath at once to backhauling bar.When thinner to workpiece (thickness is less than 5mm), because welding rod contacts cooling weld seam at first, the heat of electric arc, pass at first cooling weld seam, in the process of making an arc, weld metal, because of expanded by heating, makes the crack of having shunk from newly splitting, medium sprays along crack, electric arc can not normal combustion, and arc extinguishing even suddenly, forms the arc crater that penetrates workpiece, leak and expand, cannot continue welding.So, when workpiece is thinner, should not adopt the method striking of making an arc, application contact method or direct attack method.
Arc manipulation and receipts arc: while applying short section of reverse band pressure welding, the length of each welding is all very short, and therefore arc manipulation is simpler.When welding, welding rod does rectilinear motion or slightly teeter along crack, and it is fast that speed is wanted, and short arc, to prevent that too much liquid metal slag from hindering the direct effect of welding arc to workpiece, causes incomplete fusion.Will strictly control fusion penetration, general fusion penetration can be at 38%～42% of thickness of workpiece simultaneously.The ending of each section of weld seam all should be carried out on cooling weld metal, and should exceed welding weld seam the last period.While receiving arc, should fill up arc crater, to ensure welding quality.
When welding, should select suitable welding current, as used electric current excessive, be easy to workpiece to burn; Use electric current is too small, needs the workpiece preheated one-section time could form molten bath after striking.When air, steam pipework or pressure vessel band pressure welding, welding current large 30～40A when welding identical workpiece under normal circumstances, when heating pipe or the welding of water for industrial use pipeline, welding current should be than welding under normal circumstances the large 50～60A of identical workpiece.
When band Pressure Welding, should adopt short arc, the object of short arc welding is in order to accelerate speed of welding, can form rapidly molten bath, in arc heat quantity set after striking, in the time that arc heat is transmitted to cooling weld seam, before making it to produce thermal expansion, just form new weld seam at striking point, fix receiving tight weld seam, again do not splitting, can make blow force of arc increase, to offset the pressure medium of the outside micro-seepage in crack place simultaneously.
, need weld one to two time or multipass by normal welding method after the seam of crack by short section of reverse top pressure welding connection, when the welding second layer, the 3rd layer and above weld seam, arc manipulation can do teeter, controls weld reinforcement again, prevents from forming weld seam and crosses and exceed the phenomenons such as steep.
Claims (8)
1. a welding method is pressed on short section of reverse top, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
For downhand welding and horizontal position welding, first in the unspoiled workpiece metal in the one end in crack, forward weld one section of long weld seam A of one section of 60～80mm by the direction identical with fracture length, the end of weld seam A is received in the termination in crack or as far as possible near termination, after weld seam A is cooling, from starting the starting the arc apart from the crack of weld seam A end 15～30mm, thereby the end along the reverse reflow of weld seam to weld seam A the end that continues to weld with weld seam A form one section of overlapping formation weld seam B, after weld seam B is cooling, from starting the starting the arc apart from the crack at the weld seam B starting the arc 15～30mm place, thereby starting the arc place along the reverse reflow of weld seam to weld seam B starting the arc place that continues to weld with weld seam B form one section of overlapping formation weld seam C, according to said method, operation repeatedly, until by whole weld seam seam,
For vertical position welding, start welding according to said method from weld seam top, carry out downwards piecemeal whole weld seam seam.
2. welding method is pressed on short section of reverse top of one according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: for downhand welding and horizontal position welding, start welding from weld seam two ends, at one end be soldered after one section, in other end welding, latter one section is soldered immediately, and the last period, weld seam was just cooling, hocket like this, by whole weld seam seam;
3. welding method is pressed on short section of reverse top of one according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: when thickness of workpiece < 5mm, take contact method striking, when thickness of workpiece >=5mm, also can be with the method striking of making an arc, two kinds of method arc length all remain on 2～3mm.
4. welding method is pressed on the reverse top of short section of one according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: when pipeline, container inner pressure are during lower than 1MPa, welding rod should be perpendicular to workpiece; When pipeline, container inner pressure are during greater than or equal to 1MPa, welding rod longitudinally becomes the angle of 70 °～80 ° with crack, laterally vertical with crack, and when welding, welding rod does rectilinear motion or slightly teeter along crack.
5. welding method is pressed on the reverse top of short section of one according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: when welding, fusion penetration is thickness of workpiece 38%～42%.
6. welding method is pressed on short section of reverse top of one according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: when air, steam pipework or container band pressure welding, large 30～40A when welding current ratio welds identical workpiece under normal circumstances, when heating or water for industrial use pipeline band pressure welding, welding current should be than welding under normal circumstances the large 50～60A of identical workpiece.
7. welding method is pressed on short section of reverse top of one according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: when thickness of workpiece > 12mm, by after the seam of crack, carry out multi-layer multi-pass welding by normal welding method butt welded seam by short section of reverse top pressure welding connection.
8. welding method is pressed on the reverse top of short section of one according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: when the above weld seam of the welding second layer, arc manipulation does teeter, and control weld reinforcement prevents from forming weld seam and crosses and exceed steep phenomenon.
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| CN201410135445.0A CN104057175A (en) | 2014-04-03 | 2014-04-03 | Welding method of short section negative direction jacking |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104607864A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-05-13 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Gas pipeline online plugging method |
| CN105499750A (en) * | 2014-10-14 | 2016-04-20 | 百德福钢带有限公司 | Method and device for welding at least two metal strips |
| CN112605517A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-04-06 | 西安航天动力机械有限公司 | Method for avoiding arc starting and closing defects of longitudinal seam electron beam welding |
| CN114981031A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2022-08-30 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Gas-shielded arc welding method and method for manufacturing steel pipe |
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2014
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105499750A (en) * | 2014-10-14 | 2016-04-20 | 百德福钢带有限公司 | Method and device for welding at least two metal strips |
| CN105499750B (en) * | 2014-10-14 | 2017-12-22 | 百德福钢带有限公司 | Method and apparatus for welding at least two metal tapes |
| CN104607864A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-05-13 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Gas pipeline online plugging method |
| CN114981031A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2022-08-30 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Gas-shielded arc welding method and method for manufacturing steel pipe |
| CN112605517A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-04-06 | 西安航天动力机械有限公司 | Method for avoiding arc starting and closing defects of longitudinal seam electron beam welding |
| CN112605517B (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2022-06-21 | 西安航天动力机械有限公司 | Method for avoiding arc starting and closing defects of longitudinal seam electron beam welding |
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Application publication date: 20140924 |