CN105710488A - Welding process - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a welding process. The welding process includes the following steps that (1) quality requirements for the surface of a weld groove and assembling are provided; (2) the weld groove is machined through a flame cutting method; (4) when the assembling interval between an overlap joint and a T-shaped corner connector is more than 1 mm or the assembling interval of pipe T, K and Y shaped connectors is more than 1.5 mm, the size of a weld leg for welding is at least equal to the sum of the design size of the weld leg and the interval; but when the assembling interval of the T-shaped corner connectors is more than 5 mm, overlaying is carried out at the end of a plate in advance, and the end is polished flat or welding is carried out on the interval after overlaying filling; (7.1) continuous welding is carried out during multi-layer welding of thick plates, welding slag and surface splash should be cleaned up in time after welding of each weld pass is completed, and welding can be carried out again after found defects affecting welding quality are overcome; and (7.2) when a bottom layer weld pass of the groove adopts a welding rod manual electric-arc welding mode, a welding rod not larger than phi 4 mm is suitable for being used for welding, the minimum size of a bottom layer root weld pass should be proper, but the maximum thickness can not exceed 6 mm. The welding process is reasonable in procedure and low in manufacturing cost.

Description

A kind of welding procedure

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of welding procedure.

Background technology

Existing welding procedure exists that procedure arrangement is unreasonable, operation is various, and technological parameter selects unreasonable, and the collocation of each technological parameter is unreasonable and operator's skill requirement is higher so that production cost is higher, product quality is on the low side, yield rate is not high.

Summary of the invention

Because the drawbacks described above of prior art, the technical problem to be solved be to provide a kind of operation rationally, the welding procedure of low cost of manufacture.

For achieving the above object, the invention provides

A kind of welding procedure, comprises the steps:

1), weld groove surface and assembling quality should meet the following requirements:

2), bevel for welding flame cutting method is processed；Quality of cut face should meet the respective specified of national standard ZBJ-59002.3 " thermal cutting, gas cutting quality and dimensional discrepancy "；When truncation is 1～3mm, answer reconditioning smooth；When truncation is more than 3mm, applies the diameter hydrogen controlled electrode repair welding less than 3.2mm, and reconditioning is smooth；

3), before welding, welder should check the assembling of welding position and the quality of removing surface, as undesirable, and can welding after answering reconditioning repair welding qualified；Various welding method bevel for welding assembly clearances all must not exceed 3mm except having penetration requirement；When groove assembly clearance exceedes tolerance regulation, or both sides built-up welding unilateral at groove, reconditioning comply with requirement, but when groove assembly clearance exceedes relatively lamella thickness 2 times or during more than 20mm, application heap soldering method does not increase component length and reduces assembly clearance；

4), l.5mm lap joint and T-shaped corner joint assembly clearance when exceeding more than 1mm or tubing T, K, connection wye assembly clearance, and the Size of welds of welding at least should be design Size of welds+gap；But when T-shaped corner joint assembly clearance is more than 5mm, should in advance plate end built-up welding and reconditioning is smooth or in gap built-up welding fill up after welding；

5), weld job environment should meet claimed below:

5.1) weld job district wind speed when manual electric arc welding more than 8m/s, gas shielded arc welding and flux cored wire arc welding more than 2m/s time, wind-proof shed should be set or take other draught exclusion devices；When there are draught or aerator in weld job district in atelier, also should set abat-vent by defined above；

5.2) relative humidity in weld job district cannot be greater than 90%；

5.3) when weldment surface moisture or when having snow and ice cover, heating should be taked to dry dehumidifying measure；

5.4), when weld job district ambient temperature is lower than 0 DEG C, Member Welding district all directions more than or equal to twice steel plate thickness and should be not less than the mother metal within the scope of l00mm, be heated to after more than 20 DEG C can welding, and in welding process, be all not lower than this temperature；

6), run-on tab, end tab, backing plate should meet the following requirements:

6.1) forbid bearing dynamic load and need to sparking, striking or assembling-welding fixtures on the mother metal beyond Fatigue Check member welding joints；

6.2) should sparking, striking on the mother metal beyond weld seam；

6.3) T junction, geneva cross, corner joint and banjo fixing butt jointing main weld two ends, run-on tab and end tab must be configured, its material should be identical with by weldering mother metal, and groove type should be identical with by welding line, prohibits the use of the material of other materials to serve as run-on tab and end tab；

6.4) SMAW and gas shielded arc welding weld seam are drawn length and be should be greater than 25mm；Its run-on tab and end tab width should be greater than 50mm, and length is preferably 1.5 times of thickness of slab and is not less than 30mm, and thickness should be not less than 6mm；

6.5), after having welded, application flame cutting removes run-on tab and end tab, and reconditioning is smooth；Not handy hammering falls run-on tab and end tab；

6.6) welding material used by should be identical with formal welding；Tack welding weld seam should have identical prescription with final weld seam；The tack welding of steel sleeve should weld in joint bevel, and tack welding throat depth is no more than the 2/3 of design throat depth, and tack welding fusion length is preferably greater than 40mm, and spacing is preferably 500～600mm, and should fill up arc crater；Tack welding preheating temperature should be higher than that formal welding preheating temperature；When tack welding weld seam has pore or crackle, it is necessary to reweld after removing；

7), the welding of multilayer welding should meet the following requirements:

7.1) answering continuous sequence during slab multilayer welding, each pass weld should clear up welding slag and surface splash after completing in time, it has been found that when affecting the defect of welding quality, can weld after should removing again；Sequential welding termination process should control weld zone mother metal temperature, make the upper and lower limit of interlayer temperature meet technical papers requirement；Meeting the situation interrupting welding, should take suitable after heat, Insulation, again again preheat during welding, temperature should be higher than that and initially preheats temperature；

7.2) groove bottom welding bead adopts the welding rod welding that the appropriate to the occasion use of welding rod manual electric arc welding is not more than φ 4mm, and the minimum dimension of bottom root pass should be suitable for, but maximum gauge is not to be exceeded 6mm.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: operation of the present invention is reasonable, low cost of manufacture, each parameter collocation reasonable coordination, it is possible to be effectively improved product quality and production efficiency.

Detailed description of the invention

Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described:

A kind of welding procedure, comprises the steps:

1), weld groove surface and assembling quality should meet the following requirements:

2), bevel for welding flame cutting method is processed；Quality of cut face should meet the respective specified of national standard ZBJ-59002.3 " thermal cutting, gas cutting quality and dimensional discrepancy "；When truncation is 1～3mm, answer reconditioning smooth；When truncation is more than 3mm, applies the diameter hydrogen controlled electrode repair welding less than 3.2mm, and reconditioning is smooth；

3), before welding, welder should check the assembling of welding position and the quality of removing surface, as undesirable, and can welding after answering reconditioning repair welding qualified；Various welding method bevel for welding assembly clearances all must not exceed 3mm except having penetration requirement；When groove assembly clearance exceedes tolerance regulation, or both sides built-up welding unilateral at groove, reconditioning comply with requirement, but when groove assembly clearance exceedes relatively lamella thickness 2 times or during more than 20mm, application heap soldering method does not increase component length and reduces assembly clearance；

4), l.5mm lap joint and T-shaped corner joint assembly clearance when exceeding more than 1mm or tubing T, K, connection wye assembly clearance, and the Size of welds of welding at least should be design Size of welds+gap；But when T-shaped corner joint assembly clearance is more than 5mm, should in advance plate end built-up welding and reconditioning is smooth or in gap built-up welding fill up after welding；

5), weld job environment should meet claimed below:

5.1) weld job district wind speed when manual electric arc welding more than 8m/s, gas shielded arc welding and flux cored wire arc welding more than 2m/s time, wind-proof shed should be set or take other draught exclusion devices；When there are draught or aerator in weld job district in atelier, also should set abat-vent by defined above；

5.2) relative humidity in weld job district cannot be greater than 90%；

5.3) when weldment surface moisture or when having snow and ice cover, heating should be taked to dry dehumidifying measure；

5.4), when weld job district ambient temperature is lower than 0 DEG C, Member Welding district all directions more than or equal to twice steel plate thickness and should be not less than the mother metal within the scope of l00mm, be heated to after more than 20 DEG C can welding, and in welding process, be all not lower than this temperature；

6), run-on tab, end tab, backing plate should meet the following requirements:

6.1) forbid bearing dynamic load and need to sparking, striking or assembling-welding fixtures on the mother metal beyond Fatigue Check member welding joints；

6.2) should sparking, striking on the mother metal beyond weld seam；

6.3) T junction, geneva cross, corner joint and banjo fixing butt jointing main weld two ends, run-on tab and end tab must be configured, its material should be identical with by weldering mother metal, and groove type should be identical with by welding line, prohibits the use of the material of other materials to serve as run-on tab and end tab；

6.4) SMAW and gas shielded arc welding weld seam are drawn length and be should be greater than 25mm；Its run-on tab and end tab width should be greater than 50mm, and length is preferably 1.5 times of thickness of slab and is not less than 30mm, and thickness should be not less than 6mm；

6.5), after having welded, application flame cutting removes run-on tab and end tab, and reconditioning is smooth；Not handy hammering falls run-on tab and end tab；

6.6) welding material used by should be identical with formal welding；Tack welding weld seam should have identical prescription with final weld seam；The tack welding of steel sleeve should weld in joint bevel, and tack welding throat depth is no more than the 2/3 of design throat depth, and tack welding fusion length is preferably greater than 40mm, and spacing is preferably 500～600mm, and should fill up arc crater；Tack welding preheating temperature should be higher than that formal welding preheating temperature；When tack welding weld seam has pore or crackle, it is necessary to reweld after removing；

7), the welding of multilayer welding should meet the following requirements:

7.1) answering continuous sequence during slab multilayer welding, each pass weld should clear up welding slag and surface splash after completing in time, it has been found that when affecting the defect of welding quality, can weld after should removing again；Sequential welding termination process should control weld zone mother metal temperature, make the upper and lower limit of interlayer temperature meet technical papers requirement；Meeting the situation interrupting welding, should take suitable after heat, Insulation, again again preheat during welding, temperature should be higher than that and initially preheats temperature；

7.2) groove bottom welding bead adopts the welding rod welding that the appropriate to the occasion use of welding rod manual electric arc welding is not more than φ 4mm, and the minimum dimension of bottom root pass should be suitable for, but maximum gauge is not to be exceeded 6mm.

Claims (1)

1. a welding procedure, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:

1), weld groove surface and assembling quality should meet the following requirements:

2), bevel for welding flame cutting method is processed；Quality of cut face should meet the respective specified of national standard ZBJ-59002.3 " thermal cutting, gas cutting quality and dimensional discrepancy "；When truncation is 1～3mm, answer reconditioning smooth；When truncation is more than 3mm, applies the diameter hydrogen controlled electrode repair welding less than 3.2mm, and reconditioning is smooth；

3), before welding, welder should check the assembling of welding position and the quality of removing surface, as undesirable, and can welding after answering reconditioning repair welding qualified；Various welding method bevel for welding assembly clearances all must not exceed 3mm except having penetration requirement；When groove assembly clearance exceedes tolerance regulation, or both sides built-up welding unilateral at groove, reconditioning comply with requirement, but when groove assembly clearance exceedes relatively lamella thickness 2 times or during more than 20mm, application heap soldering method does not increase component length and reduces assembly clearance；

4), l.5mm lap joint and T-shaped corner joint assembly clearance when exceeding more than 1mm or tubing T, K, connection wye assembly clearance, and the Size of welds of welding at least should be design Size of welds+gap；But when T-shaped corner joint assembly clearance is more than 5mm, should in advance plate end built-up welding and reconditioning is smooth or in gap built-up welding fill up after welding；

5), weld job environment should meet claimed below:

5.1) weld job district wind speed when manual electric arc welding more than 8m/s, gas shielded arc welding and flux cored wire arc welding more than 2m/s time, wind-proof shed should be set or take other draught exclusion devices；When there are draught or aerator in weld job district in atelier, also should set abat-vent by defined above；

5.2) relative humidity in weld job district cannot be greater than 90%；

5.3) when weldment surface moisture or when having snow and ice cover, heating should be taked to dry dehumidifying measure；

5.4), when weld job district ambient temperature is lower than 0 DEG C, Member Welding district all directions more than or equal to twice steel plate thickness and should be not less than the mother metal within the scope of l00mm, be heated to after more than 20 DEG C can welding, and in welding process, be all not lower than this temperature；

6), run-on tab, end tab, backing plate should meet the following requirements:

6.1) forbid bearing dynamic load and need to sparking, striking or assembling-welding fixtures on the mother metal beyond Fatigue Check member welding joints；

6.2) should sparking, striking on the mother metal beyond weld seam；

6.3) T junction, geneva cross, corner joint and banjo fixing butt jointing main weld two ends, run-on tab and end tab must be configured, its material should be identical with by weldering mother metal, and groove type should be identical with by welding line, prohibits the use of the material of other materials to serve as run-on tab and end tab；

6.4) SMAW and gas shielded arc welding weld seam are drawn length and be should be greater than 25mm；Its run-on tab and end tab width should be greater than 50mm, and length is preferably 1.5 times of thickness of slab and is not less than 30mm, and thickness should be not less than 6mm；

6.5), after having welded, application flame cutting removes run-on tab and end tab, and reconditioning is smooth；Not handy hammering falls run-on tab and end tab；

6.6) welding material used by should be identical with formal welding；Tack welding weld seam should have identical prescription with final weld seam；The tack welding of steel sleeve should weld in joint bevel, and tack welding throat depth is no more than the 2/3 of design throat depth, and tack welding fusion length is preferably greater than 40mm, and spacing is preferably 500～600mm, and should fill up arc crater；Tack welding preheating temperature should be higher than that formal welding preheating temperature；When tack welding weld seam has pore or crackle, it is necessary to reweld after removing；

7), the welding of multilayer welding should meet the following requirements:

7.1) answering continuous sequence during slab multilayer welding, each pass weld should clear up welding slag and surface splash after completing in time, it has been found that when affecting the defect of welding quality, can weld after should removing again；Sequential welding termination process should control weld zone mother metal temperature, make the upper and lower limit of interlayer temperature meet technical papers requirement；Meeting the situation interrupting welding, should take suitable after heat, Insulation, again again preheat during welding, temperature should be higher than that and initially preheats temperature；

7.2) groove bottom welding bead adopts the welding rod welding that the appropriate to the occasion use of welding rod manual electric arc welding is not more than φ 4mm, and the minimum dimension of bottom root pass should be suitable for, but maximum gauge is not to be exceeded 6mm.