CN104052180B - A kind of multiple symmetric winding flux switch motor and design of Windings method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of multiple symmetric winding flux switch motor and design of Windings method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of multiple symmetric winding flux switch motor and design of Windings method thereof, the method is on the basis playing flux switch motor winding complementarity, often to respond to mutually, electromotive force is maximum turns to principle, and overlapping the phase differential between symmetric windings by preferably adjacent two, the coil obtaining a phase winding successively is formed, the coil of a set of symmetric winding forms and the coil type of attachment of all phase windings. The design of Windings method thinking of the present invention is clear and definite, simple to operate, the multiple symmetric winding flux switch motor of the present invention has unloaded induction electromotive force sine degree height, big and that electromagnetic torque pulsation is little feature is exerted oneself in winding utilization ratio height, torque, embodies superior motor performance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to machine winding field of structural design, it relates to a kind of multiple symmetric winding flux switch motor and design of Windings method thereof.
Background technology
Magneticflux-switching type permanent-magnet machine has the characteristics such as torque (power) density height, efficiency height, rotor be firm in structure, is specially adapted to high-grade drives and high-speed applications field. Along with application scenario improving constantly performance requriementss such as electric system power grade, fault-tolerant operation and reliabilities, heterogeneous Magneticflux-switching type permanent-magnet machine more and more becomes the emphasis problem of domestic and international Ge great colleges and universities and research institution, because it not only remains the advantage of common three-phase Magneticflux-switching type permanent-magnet machine, also in following four, there is significant advantage:
(1) in high-power applications occasion, the power grade that every phase winding distributes can in tolerance range at power device so that standard power module can directly use.
(2) reliability improves. For symmetrical m phase motor, the phase differential between adjacent two phasor1s is 2 ��/m. When certain phase winding generation fault, it is less that the power loss that fault phase causes accounts for population proportion, enhances the fault-tolerant performance of motor; For the heterogeneous motor being made up of the symmetrical winding of n of x cover neutral point independence, when certain phase winding generation fault, directly cut off this cover symmetrical winding of n at this phase winding place, motor can be made still can normally to run when not changing control algorithm.
(3) along with the increase of the number of phases, the space harmonic field amplitude caused by armature winding electric current provided by invertor reduces, such that it is able to torque ripple reduction.
(4) by specific rotor-stator tooth socket fit, it is possible to effectively increase the frequency of location torque, and then reduce the amplitude of location torque, reduce motor torque ripple.
But, torque pulsation is inevitable problem in permanent-magnet machine, and the major cause producing torque pulsation has: the armature current waveform distortion etc. of location torque, every unloaded induction electromotive force harmonic wave mutually, straight axle, the magnetic resistance torque that the change of quadrature axis inductance causes and loading.
The design of Windings method of existing flux switch motor only designs the connection of every phase armature winding coil according to the complementary principle of groove conductor electromotive force star figure and winding, and the most multiple symmetric winding is designed to completely symmetrical structure. The method can reduce the harmonic component of induction electromotive force to a certain extent, thus improves the sine degree often responding to electromotive force mutually, but still there is following problem: harmonic wave induction electromotive force cannot be eliminated completely, and the torque pulsation therefore caused by harmonic wave induction electromotive force still exists; Even if harmonic wave induction electromotive force is negligible, but still relatively more serious by the torque pulsation caused by the harmonic component of armature current; Can not ensure that every unloaded induction electromotive force mutually has higher winding factor, have impact on the amplitude of every unloaded induction electromotive force base wavelength-division amount mutually and motor is exerted oneself.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem: the present invention provides that a kind of every phase winding zero load induction electromotive force total harmonic distortion factor is less, electromagnetism average of torque is higher and can effectively suppress to respond to the multiple symmetric winding flux switch motor of the electromagnetic torque pulsation that odd harmonic component causes in electromotive force or armature current by zero load, provides a kind of design of Windings method of this motor simultaneously.
Technical scheme: the multiple symmetric winding flux switch motor design of Windings method of the present invention, the x cover symmetrical winding of n for heterogeneous flux switch motor designs, and comprises the steps:
1) determine that the coil number of every phase is N/m according to the total number of phases m of machine winding and the total number N of coil, then two coils with winding complementarity are connected into a coil assembly, N/ (2m) individual coil assembly minimum for induction electromotive force phase differential is connected into a phase winding, thus the coil obtaining the first phase winding is formed, wherein the total number N of armature winding coil is the even-multiple of total number of phases m, namely N=2km, k are positive integer;
2) according to phase relationship between each phase winding in the symmetrical winding of n, namely in the symmetrical winding of a set of n, phase differential between adjacent two phase windings is 2 ��/n, determine to form with the coil of described first phase winding at other n-1 phase windings of same set of symmetric winding, thus obtain the formation of the first symmetrical winding of cover n;
3) phase difference �� between the adjacent two cover symmetrical windings of n is determined according to following formulaset:
Wherein, x is the number of the symmetrical winding of n in multiple symmetric winding flux switch motor, and x, n are the integer being greater than 1.
4) according to described step 3) in the phase difference �� determinedset, and phase relationship (i-1) �� of other symmetric windings and the first cover symmetric windingset, determine that other x-1 overlap the coil formation of symmetric winding successively, wherein i is the sequence number of symmetric winding, and the sequence number of the first cover symmetric winding gets i=1, and it is i=2,3 that other x-1 overlap the sequence number of symmetric winding ..., x.
In the inventive method, step 1) in, when two coils with winding complementarity are connected into a coil assembly, if the unloaded induction electromotive force phase differential of two complementary coils is 180 ��, then oppositely connect; If the unloaded induction electromotive force phase differential of two complementary coils is 0 ��, then just to series connection.
The multiple symmetric winding flux switch motor of the present invention, adopts x to overlap the symmetrical winding of n, the phase difference �� between the adjacent two cover symmetrical windings of nsetFor:
Wherein, x is the number of the symmetrical winding of n in multiple symmetric winding flux switch motor, and x, n are the integer being greater than 1, total number of phases m=xn of motor, and the total number N of coil is the even-multiple of total number of phases, and namely N=2km, k are positive integer.
In the multiple symmetric winding flux switch motor of the present invention, by responding to, electromotive force phase differential minimum N/ (2m) individual coil assembly connects into the symmetrical winding of n, and coil assembly is formed by connecting by two coils with winding complementarity.
In the above-mentioned preferred version of the present invention's multiple symmetric winding flux switch motor, if the unloaded induction electromotive force phase differential of two complementary coils is 180 ��, then oppositely connect; If the unloaded induction electromotive force phase differential of two complementary coils is 0 ��, then just to series connection.
The inventive method is used to guide the selection that winding coil connects, often phase winding composition form and x overlap phase differential between the symmetrical winding of n, object is to increase unloaded induction electromotive force base wave winding factor as far as possible, harmonic reduction component, and offset the maximum pulsation component often overlapping n symmetrical winding electromagnetism torque, reduce the torque pulsation of heterogeneous Magneticflux-switching type permanent-magnet machine. While the present invention is intended to improve machine winding factor and unloaded induction electromotive force sine, torque ripple reduction, is applicable to generator designs and motor designs, has both been suitable for pure permanent magnetism excitation electromotor, has also been applicable to pure electro-magnetic motor and mixed excitation electric machine.
Useful effect: compared with prior art, the design of polyphase winding, on the basis considering groove conductor electromotive force star figure and winding complementarity, is converted into the design of multiple symmetric winding by the present invention. In the present invention, the distribution of polyphase winding is no longer confined to complete symmetrical structure, but is pulsed by derivation torque and the relation of phase differential between adjacent two cover symmetric windings, to eliminate for the purpose of torque capacity pulsation component, obtain optimum phase differential, make motor realize following advantage:
1) complementary connection is adopted, make the even-order harmonic component basic neutralisation of every phase winding zero load induction electromotive force, remaining odd harmonic component is less so that the total harmonic distortion factor of every phase winding zero load induction electromotive force is less, the component of torque fluctuation that correspondingly harmonic reduction causes;
2) every phase winding is formed by connecting by the coil assembly responding to electromotive force phase differential minimum, thus the base wave winding factor height of every phase winding zero load induction electromotive force, close to 1 so that the base ripple component amplitude of every unloaded induction electromotive force mutually effectively improves, thus improves the mean value of motor electromagnetic torque;
3) adjacent two phase differential overlapped between the symmetrical windings of n are uniquely determined by the number of phases n of symmetric winding and tricks x, and calculation formula is simple and clear, and design of Windings step easily operates;
4) by the phase differential between the adjacent two cover symmetrical windings of n of appropriate design, the electromagnetic torque pulsation that the odd harmonic component in unloaded induction electromotive force causes is suppressed further, reduces the shake of motor, thus improves the stability that motor runs;
5) by the phase differential between the adjacent two cover symmetrical windings of n of appropriate design, the torque pulsation that in armature winding, the odd harmonic component of loading current causes is effectively suppressed. Owing to armature current supplies motor armature winding by invertor, wherein unavoidably there is harmonic component, seriously affect the stability that motor torque exports. The design of Windings method of the present invention, it is possible to the torque pulsation caused for the odd harmonic component in armature current carries out suppressing or eliminating, and effectively improves motor torque quality, and reduces the requirement to invertor output characteristic, for the control of motor offers convenience.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 (a) is the horizontal sectional structure schematic diagram of a stator 24 groove rotor 22 pole Magneticflux-switching type permanent-magnet machine.
Fig. 1 (b) is the groove conductor zero load induction electromotive force star figure of a stator 24 groove rotor 22 pole Magneticflux-switching type permanent-magnet machine. Wherein, coil n ' and n opposite polarity, the electromotive force vector phase difference of adjacent slot conductor is 150 �� (electrical angles).
Fig. 2 (a) is the winding vector distribution that a stator 24 groove rotor 22 pole Magneticflux-switching type permanent-magnet machine two overlaps that three-phase symmetric winding differs from 30 �� mutually.
Fig. 2 (b) is the winding vector distribution that a stator 24 groove rotor 22 pole Magneticflux-switching type permanent-magnet machine two overlaps that three-phase symmetric winding differs from 60 �� mutually.
Fig. 3 is the torque characteristics of a stator 24 groove rotor 22 pole Magneticflux-switching type permanent-magnet machine under Fig. 2 two kinds of windings distribute.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and Figure of description, the present invention will be further described.
A kind of multiple symmetric winding flux switch motor of the present invention, comprises stator 1, rotor 4 and rotating shaft 5, and rotor 4 is relative with stator 1, and has gap between rotor 4 and stator 1, and rotating shaft 5 is fixedly connected on rotor 4. Described stator 1 and rotor 4 are salient-pole structure. Stator 1 comprises stator core unit and centralized armature winding coil 2. Each stator core unit comprises two U shape stator cores 101 and one piece of permanent magnet 3, and permanent magnet 3 is embedded between two U shape stator cores 101. Permanent magnet 3 cutting orientation magnetizing, and the magnetizing direction of adjacent two pieces of permanent magnets 3 is contrary. Stator groove 102 is formed between two adjacent stator core unit. Centralized armature winding coil 2, through the stator groove 102 being positioned at stator core unit both sides, is wrapped on stator core unit. The quantity of armature winding coil 2 equals the quantity of stator core unit. Stator and rotor iron core is made up of magnetically permeable material. Permanent magnet 3 is made up of permanent magnet material, it is preferable that by neodymium iron boron, ferrite, or samarium cobalt is made.
Further, the total quantity N of described armature winding coil 2 is the even-multiple of total number of phases m, and namely N=2km, k are positive integer.
Further, described rotor 4 can be positioned at the inside of stator 1, it is possible to is positioned at the outside of stator 1.
Further, described multiple symmetric winding flux switch motor both can be pure permanent magnetism excitation electromotor, can also be pure electro-magnetic motor, or mixed excitation electric machine, comprise and fill demagnetization memory electrical machine online, and, this motor both can make generator operation, can make again electric operation.
Different from traditional flux switch motor, the multiple symmetric winding flux switch motor that the present invention proposes, its armature winding can resolve into x and overlap the symmetrical winding of n, total number of phases m=xn of this motor, x, n be greater than 1 integer, therefore this motor is also known as the heavy symmetrical winding flux switch motor of n of x.
The innovation part of the present invention is: the x of this flux switch motor is heavy, and the symmetrical winding of n adopts design of Windings method disclosed by the invention, and specific embodiment is as follows:
1) first determining that the coil number of every phase is N/m according to the total number N of total number of phases m and coil, every two coils connect into a coil assembly usually, and the coil assembly number of so every phase is N/ (2m). Based on groove conductor electromotive force star figure, every two coils connected in series with winding complementarity become a coil assembly (if the unloaded induction electromotive force phase differential of two complementary coils is 180 ��, then oppositely connect; If the unloaded induction electromotive force phase differential of two complementary coils is 0 ��, then just to series connection), thus form altogether N/2 coil assembly, the phase differential of two coil-induced electromotive forces in each coil assembly is 0 �� or 180 ��, therefore the distribution factor of coil assembly induction electromotive force base wavelength-division amount is 1, and the even-order harmonic component in single coil induction electromotive force disappears mutually so that the harmonic wave content of coil assembly zero load induction electromotive force reduces; Then with the induction of every phase winding, electromotive force is maximum turns to principle, coil assembly is responded to electromotive force phase differential minimum N/ (2m) individual coil assembly and connects into a phase winding, thus the coil obtaining the first phase winding is formed.
2) according to phase relationship between each phase winding in the symmetrical winding of n, namely in the symmetrical winding of a set of n, phase differential between adjacent two phase windings is 2 ��/n, determine to form with the coil of described first phase winding at other n-1 phase windings of same set of symmetric winding, thus obtain the formation of the first symmetrical winding of cover n.
3) phase differential between the adjacent two cover symmetrical windings of n is determined. The Formula of Electromagnetic of the symmetrical winding of n is overlapped it will be seen that the phase differential between component of torque fluctuation with adjacent two cover symmetric windings is relevant by x. For simplifying derivation, only consider the torque pulsation caused by induction electromotive force or armature current odd harmonic here, and ignore the pulsation component that amplitude is very little.
The pulsation component T of the symmetrical winding electromagnetism torque of npulseCan represent and be:
Wherein, T2knFor the amplitude of 2kn component of torque fluctuation, �� is rotor position electrical angle,For the prima facies parallactic angle of 2kn component of torque fluctuation.
Then x overlaps the pulsation component T of the total electromagnetism torque of the symmetrical winding of npulse_xThe superposition for the symmetrical winding electromagnetism component of torque fluctuation of x group n can be represented:
By upper formula it will be seen that the phase differential of 2kn pulsation component of the adjacent two cover symmetrical winding electromagnetism torques of n is 2kn ��set. X group 2kn component of torque fluctuation is cancelled out each other, then 2kn ��setFollowing relational expression should be met:
For eliminating torque capacity pulsation component, i.e. 2n component of torque fluctuation during k=1, adjacent two overlap the preferred phase difference �� between symmetric windingssetCan obtain by upper formula abbreviation:
When the phase angle difference illustrated between adjacent two cover symmetric windings meets (4), the maximum pulsation component often overlapping electromagnetism torque in the symmetrical winding of n can be offset.
4) according to the phase differential calculated in (4), and phase relationship (i-1) �� of other symmetric windings and the first cover symmetric windingset, determine that other x-1 overlap the coil formation of symmetric winding successively, wherein i is the sequence number of symmetric winding, and the sequence number of the first cover symmetric winding gets i=1, and it is i=2,3 that other x-1 overlap the sequence number of symmetric winding ..., x.
According to the multiple symmetric winding of the heterogeneous flux switch motor of above-mentioned flow scheme design, both can ensure that motor obtained the higher unloaded mutually induction electromotive force of sine degree, winding factor can be made again bigger, improve the mean value of electromagnetism torque, can reducing the ripple percentage of electromagnetism torque, the torque obtaining better quality exports simultaneously.
For dual three-phase symmetric winding flux switch permanent magnet motor, its common motor topology structure as shown in Fig. 1 (a), totally 24 centralized armature winding coils on stator, be respectively armature winding coil 201,202,203 ..., 224. These 24 coil design are become 6 phase winding forms, and can be analyzed to two cover three-phase symmetric winding, i.e. m=6, x=2, n=3. Concrete design of Windings flow process is as follows:
1) determining that the coil number of every phase winding is 4 according to the total number N=24 of total number of phases m=6 and coil, the coil assembly number of every phase is 2. groove conductor electromotive force star figure according to stator 24 groove rotor 22 pole Magneticflux-switching type permanent-magnet machine, as shown in Fig. 1 (b), first judge and obtain the coil combination with winding complementarity, be coil 201 (coil 213) and coil 207 (coil 219) respectively, coil 202 (coil 214) and coil 208 (coil 220), coil 203 (coil 215) and coil 209 (coil 221), coil 204 (coil 216) and coil 210 (coil 222), coil 205 (coil 217) and coil 211 (coil 223), coil 206 (coil 218) and coil 212 (coil 224), two coil zero load induction electromotive force phase differential in each coil combination above-mentioned are 180 ��, by reverse series connection, two complementary coils are connected into a coil assembly, the not reproducible combination of each coil, then form altogether 12 separate coil assembly, it is coil 201 and coil 207 respectively, coil 202 and coil 208, coil 203 and coil 221, coil 204 and coil 222, coil 205 and coil 211, coil 206 and coil 212, coil 213 and coil 219, coil 214 and coil 220, coil 215 and coil 209, coil 216 and coil 210, coil 217 and coil 223, coil 218 and coil 224. for ensureing that the distribution factor of phase winding induction electromotive force base wavelength-division amount is closest to 1, connects into a phase winding by electromotive force vector phase two minimum coil assembly of difference. through observation shows that, coil assembly 201+207 ' is 0 �� with the electromotive force vector phase difference of coil assembly 213+219 ', then the distribution factor of the phase winding induction electromotive force base wavelength-division amount that these two coil assembly series connection are formed is 1, remembers that this phase winding is A1.
2) in three-phase symmetric winding, B1, C1 phase winding differs+120 �� ,-120 �� electrical angles respectively with A1 phase winding, and the coil that thus can conveniently obtain B1, C1 phase winding is formed, as shown in Fig. 2 (a). So that it is determined that the coil mode of connection of first cover three-phase symmetric winding A1, B1, C1. For embodying the advantage of the design of Windings method of the present invention, here the A1 phase winding type of attachment conventionally obtained is listed, as shown in Fig. 2 (b), A1 phase is made up of coil assembly 201+207 ' and coil assembly 208+202 ', the electromotive force vector phase difference of these two coil assembly is 30 �� of electrical angles, therefore A1 phase responds to the distribution factor of electromotive force base wavelength-division amount is 0.966, lower than the A1 phase winding distribution factor gone out according to inventive design.
3) phase difference �� between two cover three-phase symmetric windings is determinedset. Below by theoretical analysis, the dual three-phase symmetric winding flux switch permanent magnet motor of Yi Yitai is example, and the optimum angle between its two covers three-phase symmetric winding of deriving is poor.
For three-phase symmetrical ac synchronous motor, its electromagnetism torque expression formula is as follows:
Wherein: T0For the DC quantity of electromagnetism torque, i.e. average electromagnetic torque, T6kFor the amplitude of 6k component of torque fluctuation, �� is rotor position electrical angle,For the prima facies parallactic angle of 6k component of torque fluctuation. Visible, this electromagnetism torque is made up of the multiple subharmonic torque component of average torque component and 6.
For dual three-phase symmetric winding flux switch permanent magnet motor, its electromagnetism torque can represent to be the electromagnetism torque superposition of two three-phase symmetric winding motors:
(6) formula is adopted and the long-pending formula of differenceization, can obtain:
By (7) formula it will be seen that work as cos (3k ��setDuring)=0,6k time component of torque fluctuation can be eliminated. Therefore, want maximum degree ground torque ripple reduction, it is possible to component T of torque capacity being pulsed6Offsetting, be easy to get ��set=30 ��. Therefore, in dual three-phase symmetric winding flux switch permanent magnet motor, when the phase differential between two cover three-phase windings is 30 ��, 6 pulsation components of electromagnetism torque are eliminated completely, and now torque pulsation is based on 12 pulsation, and pulsation amplitude is very little.
4) another cover three-phase symmetric winding A2, B2, C2 and first phase differential between three-phase symmetric winding A1, B1, C1 of cover is 30 ��, so advanced (or delayed) A1 phase 30 �� of A2, advanced (or delayed) the B1 phase 30 �� of B2, C2 (or delayed) C1 phase 30 �� in advance. Again according to groove conductor electromotive force star figure, just can determine that the coil of A2, B2, C2 phase winding is formed easily, as shown in Fig. 2 (a). So that it is determined that the armature winding type of attachment of whole dual three-phase symmetric winding flux switch permanent magnet motor.
Fig. 2 (a) is ��setAsymmetric 6 phase windings distribution (the design of Windings method of the present invention) of=30 ��; Fig. 2 (b) is ��setSymmetry 6 phase winding distribution (existing design of Windings method) of=60 ��. Having advantage for the design of Windings method of the present invention is described compared with existing design of Windings method, Fig. 3 compares the electromagnetism torque profile of dual three-phase symmetric winding flux switch motor under these two kinds of design of Windings methods. By comparing it will be seen that two cover three-phase windings are when phase place differs from 60 �� mutually, the pulsation frequency of electromagnetism torque is 6 times of fundamental frequency, and pulsation amplitude is bigger; When two cover three-phase windings phase places differ from 30 �� mutually, the pulsation frequency of electromagnetism torque is 12 times of fundamental frequency, pulsation amplitude is very little, exert oneself bigger, thus demonstrate step 3) theoretical analysis result, the multiple symmetric winding flux switch motor design of Windings method embodying the present invention has novelty and superiority.
Below it is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it is noted that, for those skilled in the art; under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; the some improvement that it is expected to can also be made and equivalent replace; the claims in the present invention are improved and are equal to the technical scheme after replacing by these, all fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the design of Windings method of a multiple symmetric winding flux switch motor, it is characterised in that, the method designs for the x cover symmetrical winding of n of heterogeneous flux switch motor, comprises the following steps:
1) determine that the coil number of every phase is N/m according to the total number of phases m of machine winding and the total number N of coil, then two coils with winding complementarity are connected into a coil assembly, N/ (2m) individual coil assembly minimum for induction electromotive force phase differential is connected into a phase winding, thus the coil obtaining the first phase winding is formed, wherein the total number N of armature winding coil is the even-multiple of total number of phases m, namely N=2km, k are positive integer;
2) according to phase relationship between each phase winding in the symmetrical winding of n, namely in the symmetrical winding of a set of n, phase differential between adjacent two phase windings is 2 ��/n, determine to form with the coil of described first phase winding at other n-1 phase windings of same set of symmetric winding, thus obtain the formation of the first symmetrical winding of cover n;
3) phase difference �� between the adjacent two cover symmetrical windings of n is determined according to following formulaset:
Wherein, x is the number of the symmetrical winding of n in multiple symmetric winding flux switch motor, and x, n are the integer being greater than 1;
4) according to described step 3) in the phase difference �� determinedset, and phase relationship (i-1) �� of other symmetric windings and the first cover symmetric windingset, determine that other x-1 overlap the coil formation of symmetric winding successively, wherein i is the sequence number of symmetric winding, and the sequence number of the first cover symmetric winding gets i=1, and it is i=2,3 that other x-1 overlap the sequence number of symmetric winding ..., x.
2. design of Windings method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step 1) in, when two coils with winding complementarity are connected into a coil assembly, if the unloaded induction electromotive force phase differential of two complementary coils is 180 ��, then oppositely connect; If the unloaded induction electromotive force phase differential of two complementary coils is 0 ��, then just to series connection.
3. a multiple symmetric winding flux switch motor, it is characterised in that, this motor adopts x to overlap the symmetrical winding of n, the phase difference �� between the adjacent two cover symmetrical windings of nsetFor:
Wherein, x is the number of the symmetrical winding of n in multiple symmetric winding flux switch motor, and x, n are the integer being greater than 1, total number of phases m=xn of motor, and the total number N of coil is the even-multiple of total number of phases, and namely N=2km, k are positive integer.
4. multiple symmetric winding flux switch motor according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, by responding to, electromotive force phase differential minimum N/ (2m) individual coil assembly connects into the symmetrical winding of described n, and described coil assembly is formed by connecting by two coils with winding complementarity.
5. multiple symmetric winding flux switch motor according to claim 4, it is characterised in that, if the unloaded induction electromotive force phase differential of two complementary coils is 180 ��, then oppositely connect; If the unloaded induction electromotive force phase differential of two complementary coils is 0 ��, then just to series connection.
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