A kind of silicon chip mask process for etching
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technology of preparing of solar energy battery adopted silicon chip, be specifically related to a kind of silicon chip mask process for etching, belong to solar energy battery adopted silicon chip mask making herbs into wool technical field.
Background technology
Solar energy, as a kind of renewable and clean energy resource, is progressively paid close attention to by common people and is used.In numerous solar products, the market share of silica-based solar cell assembly reaches more than 90%.Silicon wafer suede is the silicon materials that a kind of surface has in order accurate or periodic micro structure, after making herbs into wool, sunlight is had to very low reflectivity and very high absorptivity, and it is to almost all absorbing near infrared light near ultraviolet.Matte has the characteristic of wide spectral absorption, can improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar module, therefore in solar cell preparation, has very large application prospect.
Polycrystalline silicon surface wool manufacturing method, generally adopts following steps: silicon chip is carried out prerinse and removes damage layer; Adopt ultrasonic atomization process or electrostatic painting process to cover the discontinuous plastic grain film of one deck as mask at silicon chip surface; Silicon chip be placed in acid, aqueous slkali corrodes making herbs into wool; Silicon chip after step 3 is washed to plastic grain film with acetone, then use washed with de-ionized water, dry silicon chip.
The people such as Ai Fanfan (artificial lens journal, in April, 2009) adopt " silicon nitride mask legal system alternative emitter crystalline silicon solar cell ", Chinese patent CN101814547 to adopt printing grid line mask mode to prepare crystal silicon solar cell with selective emitter; CN102412338 adopts optical mask treatment technology to carry out making herbs into wool.Although said method is obtained certain effect, technique is more complicated, preparation cost is also higher, and making herbs into wool effect is not ideal, and industrial application has larger difficulty.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of silicon chip mask process for etching that can realize aborning popularization, simple process is easily gone, mask making herbs into wool is effective, can be applied in solar cell and prepare production field, obviously improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency efficiency of battery.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of silicon chip mask process for etching, comprises clean, mask, making herbs into wool, cleaning step, and described mask step is as follows:
In silicon chip substrate after clean, first use sol evenning machine with the rotating speed of 3500 revs/min, in 60 seconds, evenly apply one deck and have the Ludox mixed coating of autogenous shrinkage characteristic; Use gas phase deposition technology at Ludox coating surface uniform deposition one deck carbon dust, carbon dust deposit thickness is 2~3 μ m again; Then dry Ludox coating is shunk, finally form uniform sequential mask layer at silicon chip surface, after formation mask layer, should expose Ludox and shrink rear uniform sequential surface of silicon, expose uniform sequential surface of silicon.Above-mentioned Ludox is the mixed liquor of nano level silica dioxide granule and water and solvent oxidation sodium.
In above-mentioned mask step, can also be in the silicon chip substrate after clean, adopt sol evenning machine with the rotating speed of 3500 revs/min, in 60 seconds, evenly apply one deck and be added with the Ludox coating of carbon dust, wherein carbon dust deposit thickness is preferably 2~3 μ m; Then dry Ludox coating is shunk, finally form uniform sequential mask layer at silicon chip surface; The surface that this mask layer forms rear silicon chip should be the exposed structure of ordering rule, exposes uniform sequential surface of silicon.
Above-mentioned carbon powder particle granularity is 100~500nm.
After deposition or coating carbon dust, coating is carried out to drying operation, concrete operations are 120 DEG C of hot-air seasonings, the dehydration of Ludox coating is reunited and shrink, and form uniform sequential mask layer at silicon chip surface.After coating surface self or heating, can shrink and form uniform sequential mask layer.Leaving standstill the coating of shrinking as adopted does not need heating, and autogenous shrinkage solidifies.
In above-mentioned making herbs into wool step, acid (alkali) the corrosive liquid concentration after mask should be carried out suitable allotment improvement, as the acid after mask (alkali) corrosive liquid concentration should improve 5%~15% than normal concentration.Also can improve and further adjust with production technology.Be mainly the reaction speed of accelerating corrosion reaction, control corrosion depth.
Above-mentioned cleaning step is to adopt existing technique that Wafer Cleaning after making herbs into wool is fallen after surperficial mask coating, then silicon chip is put into pure water, utilizes ultrasonic wave to carry out degumming cleaning at 75 DEG C.Clean and dry later the matte with high light absorptivity that obtains preparing by this method.
The beneficial effect of obtaining:
Adopt mask process for etching of the present invention, can control easily silicon chip surface mask quality and uniformity thereof, obviously improve systematicness and the uniformity of silicon wafer wool making matte, thereby can further promote the absorptance of silicon chip and the matching with spectrum, improve cell piece efficiency, promote economic benefit.Simple process of the present invention is row, quality controllable easily, has a good application prospect.
Brief description of the drawings:
Fig. 1 is mask flow process 1 schematic diagram of the present invention
Fig. 2 is mask flow process 2 schematic diagrames of the present invention
Fig. 3 is making herbs into wool front and rear surfaces reflectivity comparison diagram of the present invention
1, silicon chip; 2, Ludox coating; 3, carbon dust.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail:
Embodiment 1
See Fig. 1, on silicon chip (1) substrate after clean, adopt sol evenning machine with the rotating speed of 3500 revs/min, in 50 seconds, evenly apply the Ludox coating (2) that one deck nanometer silicon dioxide particle and water and solvent oxidation sodium are made; Then use gas phase deposition technology at Ludox coating surface uniform deposition one deck carbon dust (3), carbon dust is of a size of 100~500nm, carbon dust deposit thickness is about 2~3 μ m, for 1/3rd left and right of making herbs into wool matte design thickness, is conducive to ensure making herbs into wool effect; Then dry Ludox coating is shunk, finally form uniform sequential mask layer at silicon chip surface, expose uniform sequential surface of silicon.After adopting subsequently existing technique to mask, silicon face carries out acid (alkali) erosion making herbs into wool, and the conventional working concentration of acid (alkali) concentration ratio exceeds 5%; After making herbs into wool, wash after silicon chip surface mask coating, then silicon chip is put into pure water, utilize ultrasonic wave to carry out degumming cleaning at 75 DEG C; Clean the matte with high light absorptivity that post-drying obtains preparing by this method.
Embodiment 2
See Fig. 2, in the silicon chip substrate after clean, adopt sol evenning machine with the rotating speed of 3500 revs/min, in 60 seconds, evenly apply one deck and be added with the Ludox coating of carbon dust; Wherein carbon dust granularity is 100~500nm, and carbon dust deposit thickness is about 1/3rd left and right of matte design thickness; Ludox adopts nanometer silicon dioxide particle and water and solvent oxidation sodium to make, and carbon powder content ensures that uniform sequential deposition forms the sedimentary deposit of 2~3 μ m.
Then dry Ludox coating is shunk, finally form uniform sequential mask layer at silicon chip surface, expose uniform sequential surface of silicon.After adopting subsequently existing technique to mask, silicon face carries out acid (alkali) erosion making herbs into wool, and the conventional working concentration of acid (alkali) concentration ratio exceeds 15%; After making herbs into wool, wash after silicon chip surface mask coating, then silicon chip is put into pure water, utilize ultrasonic wave to carry out degumming cleaning at 75 DEG C; Clean the matte with high light absorptivity that post-drying obtains preparing by this method.
From the silicon chip surface reflectivity contrast of Fig. 3 making herbs into wool front and back, adopt this above-mentioned mask etching method, can obviously improve systematicness and the uniformity of silicon wafer wool making matte, thereby can further promote the absorptance of silicon chip and the matching with spectrum, improve cell piece efficiency, promote economic benefit.
Above-described is only the application's specific embodiment, and described embodiment is not in order to limit this patent protection range, and the equivalent structure that therefore specification of every utilization this patent and accompanying drawing content are done changes, and in like manner all should be included in the application's protection range.