CN104045205B - 一种低耗能一体化净水设备及净水方法 - Google Patents
一种低耗能一体化净水设备及净水方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN104045205B CN104045205B CN201410244918.0A CN201410244918A CN104045205B CN 104045205 B CN104045205 B CN 104045205B CN 201410244918 A CN201410244918 A CN 201410244918A CN 104045205 B CN104045205 B CN 104045205B
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- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005276 aerator Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound 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[C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicium dioxide Chemical compound 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Abstract
本发明涉及一种低耗能一体化净水设备，包括依次相通的缺氧池、好氧池、沉淀池和过滤池，其中缺氧池的入口设有离心泵、射流器和缓冲罐，缺氧池内设有填有生物填料的缺氧槽，好氧池设有曝气管、空气切割曝气片、好氧池人孔盖以及填有生物填料的好氧槽，沉淀池设有挡板，过滤池设有过滤槽和过滤池人孔盖，存储槽设有电子液位计以及出水口阀门。本发明同时提供一种净水方法，基于生物膜法缺氧-好氧处理工艺，可替代原有城市污水处理采用的普通活性污泥法，尤其适用于中、高浓度工业废水的处理，且投资省、占地少、处理效率高。
Description
技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及一种低耗能一体化净水设备及净水方法，属于污水处理装置领域。
背景技术
[0002] 近年来，水污染已经成为越来越受到人们的关注。生物方法是目前污水处理方法中最主流的方式。由于污水处理工艺的复杂性，传统的污水处理设备的装置很多，大多存在单元结构繁多、占用土地资源大、不能连续进出水、投资大、效率低、运行费用高等缺陷，很多住宅小区、村庄、小型工厂等等小规模污水排放无法有效的处理。
发明内容
[0003] 为了解决现有技术的不足，本发明提供了一种低耗能一体化净水设备，降低设备成本和使用成本，实现一体化净水设备的低碳化运行。
[0004] 本发明为解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:提供了一种低耗能一体化净水设备，包括依次相通的缺氧池、好氧池、沉淀池和过滤池，该设备还包括离心泵、射流器和缓冲罐，所述离心泵的排水口通过安装有阀门A的污水管A同射流器的入水口相连；所述射流器的进气口通过真空连接管A同缓冲罐的A 口相通；射流器的出水口通过插入缺氧池顶部的安装有阀门B的污水管B与缺氧池相通，缓冲罐的C 口通过安装有阀门C的缓冲罐排水管插入缺氧池顶部并与缺氧池相通；缺氧池的顶部设有缺氧池人孔盖，缺氧池的内部设有缺氧槽，缺氧池的底部与好氧池相通；所述好氧池的顶部设有好氧池人孔盖，缓冲罐的B 口通过插入好氧池顶部的装有真空阀的真空连接管B与好氧池相通；好氧池中悬有好氧槽，U型曝气管设于好氧池底部，其两端穿过好氧槽并从好氧池顶部穿出与外界相通，两端同时设有进气口阀门和进气口气冒，U型曝气管上设有空气切割曝气片；好氧池出水口同沉淀池连通，好氧池出水口位于好氧槽上方；沉淀池内置有泥斗，沉淀池顶部固定有挡板，挡板向下延伸并在泥斗上方留有缺口 ；沉淀池的内壁设有沉淀池出水溢流堰；所述沉淀池出水溢流堰连通沉淀池和过滤池，所述过滤池的顶部设有过滤池人孔盖，过滤池的内部设有过滤槽，过滤池底部设有过滤池出口 ；所述缺氧槽内填充有缺氧和厌氧活性污泥；所述好氧槽内填充有好氧活性污泥；所述过滤槽内从下至上置有活性炭层、石英砂层和过滤池布水器；所述过滤池通过过滤池出水口同存储池相连，存储池出水口设有出水口阀门，所述存储池设有电子液位计。
[0005] U型曝气管上的空气切割曝气片的间隔为100_200mm。
[0006] 所述好氧池出水口和沉淀池出水溢流堰同高。
[0007] 本发明同时提供一种净水方法，具体包括以下步骤:
[0008] (I)启动离心泵，开启阀门A、阀门B、进气口阀门以及真空阀，关闭阀门C、出水口阀门、缺氧池人孔盖以及好氧池人孔盖，污水通过离心泵和射流器进入缺氧池内的缺氧槽；
[0009] (2)此时在射流器的作用下，净水设备内形成真空状态；为维持空气压力平衡，空气通过好氧池上方的进气口气冒进入U型曝气管，并通过U型曝气管上的空气切割曝气片作用形成分布均匀的微小气泡，以完成对好氧槽的曝气；
[0010] (3)污水经过缺氧槽从缺氧池底部进入好氧池中的好氧槽，同好氧槽中的好氧活性污泥进行生化反应，反应后的混合液通过好氧池出水口进入沉淀池沉淀，使混合液中的好氧活性污泥与污水分离；
[0011] (4)分离掉好氧活性污泥的污水通过沉淀池出水溢流堰进入过滤池，通过石英砂和活性炭滤去污水中的微小悬浮颗粒，同时吸附有机物从而达到净水效果；
[0012] (5)污水进入存储池进行收集，同时电子液位计实时监控液位；
[0013] (6)当液位达到存储池的最高点，停止离心泵，开启出水口阀门排出净水，同时关闭进气口阀门和真空阀，开启阀门C直到缓冲罐中的积水排出后关闭阀门C，此时缺氧槽和好氧槽内的氧气逐渐消耗，使整个设备处于缺氧厌氧状态，缺氧和厌氧活性污泥开始发挥作用，达到脱氮效果；
[0014] (7)当存储池内的净水排完，关闭出水口阀门；
[0015] (8)重复步骤(I)到(7)，使净水效果达到最佳。
[0016] 本发明基于其技术方案所具有的有益效果在于:
[0017] (I)本发明去掉了传统一体化净水设备所需要的鼓风机，充分利用进水泵的水流动能，采用射流原理和空气切割曝气片对好氧池进行真空曝气，节约了设备成本和运行成本；同时解决了因鼓风机而造成的噪音污染，极大的降低了设备的运行声音；
[0018] (2)本发明使进入一体化净水槽的污水，在射流器的作用下与空气充分混合，达到了预曝气效果，为后续的好氧生化反应提供了缓冲，提高了生化处理效果；
[0019] (3)本发明的间歇式的全密闭生化池，可以实现厌氧、缺氧和好氧的交替运行，更好的提高了生化处理的效果；
[0020] (4)本发明在存储池设有液位计，方便水位监控；
[0021] (5)本发明利用生物填料的微生物自身氧化作用，产泥量少，所产生剩余污泥的含水率低；
[0022] (6)本发明的一体化污水处理设备可埋入地表以下，地表可作为绿化或广场用地，因此该设备不占地表面积，不需盖房，更不需采暖保温，基建投资和运行费用低等优点，可替代原有城市污水处理采用的普通活性污泥法，尤其适用于中、高浓度工业废水的处理，且投资省、占地少、处理效率高。
附图说明
[0023] 图1为本发明的总体结构图。
[0024] 图中:1_进水管；2-离心泵；3-阀门A ；4-射流器;5_缓冲罐；6~阀门B ；7~阀门C ;9_缺氧池人孔盖；10-进气口阀门；11_进气口气冒；12_空气切割曝气片；13_真空阀；14-好氧池人孔盖；15_好氧池出水口 ；16_挡板；17_沉淀池出水溢流堰；18_过滤池布水器；19-石英砂层；20_活性炭层；21_过滤池人孔盖；22_出水口阀门；23_真空连接管A ;
24-U型曝气管；25_电子液位计；26_污水管A，27-真空连接管B，28-缺氧池，31-污水管B，33-缺氧槽，34-好氧池，35-好氧槽，36-沉淀池，37-过滤池，38-过滤池出水口，39-存储池，40-挡板。
具体实施方式
[0025] 下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
[0026] 结合图1，本发明提供了一种低耗能一体化净水设备，包括依次相通的缺氧池28、好氧池34、沉淀池36、过滤池37和存储池39，该设备还包括离心泵2、射流器4和缓冲罐5，所述离心泵2的进水口安装有进水管I，离心泵2的排水口通过安装有阀门A3的污水管A26同射流器4的入水口相连；所述射流器4的进气口通过真空连接管A23同缓冲罐5的A 口相通；射流器4的出水口通过插入缺氧池28顶部的安装有阀门B6的污水管B31与缺氧池28相通，缓冲罐5的C 口通过安装有阀门C7的缓冲罐5排水管插入缺氧池28顶部并与缺氧池28相通；缺氧池28的顶部设有缺氧池人孔盖9，缺氧池28的内部设有缺氧槽33，所述缺氧槽33内填充有缺氧和厌氧活性污泥；缺氧池28的底部与好氧池34相通；所述好氧池34的顶部设有好氧池人孔盖14，缓冲罐5的B 口通过插入好氧池34顶部的装有真空阀13的真空连接管B27与好氧池34相通；好氧池34中悬有好氧槽35，所述好氧槽35内填充有好氧活性污泥；U型曝气管24设于好氧池34底部，其两端穿过好氧槽35并从好氧池34顶部穿出与外界相通，两端同时设有进气口阀门10和进气口气冒11，U型曝气管24上设有空气切割曝气片12，空气切割曝气片12的间隔为100-200mm ;好氧池出水口 15同沉淀池36连通，好氧池出水口 15位于好氧槽35上方；沉淀池36内置有泥斗，沉淀池36顶部固定有挡板4016，挡板4016向下延伸并在泥斗上方留有缺口 ；沉淀池36的内壁设有沉淀池出水溢流堰17 ;所述沉淀池出水溢流堰17连通沉淀池36和过滤池37，所述过滤池37的顶部设有过滤池37人孔盖21，过滤池37的内部设有过滤槽，所述过滤槽内从下至上置有活性炭层20、石英砂层19和过滤池布水器18 ;过滤池37底部设有过滤池37出口 ；所述过滤池37通过过滤池出水口同存储池39相连；存储池39出水口设有存储池39出口及出水口阀门22。所述存储池39设有电子液位计25。
[0027] 其中，活性污泥是微生物群体及它们所依附的有机物质和无机物质的总称。缺氧和厌氧活性污泥是在缺氧和厌氧条件下培养驯化的活性污泥，好氧活性污泥是在有氧条件下培养驯化的活性污泥，皆用于污水处理。
[0028] 本发明同时提供一种净水方法，具体包括以下步骤:
[0029] (I)启动离心泵，开启阀门A、阀门B、进气口阀门以及真空阀，关闭阀门C、出水口阀门、缺氧池人孔盖以及好氧池人孔盖，污水通过离心泵和射流器进入缺氧池内的缺氧槽；
[0030] (2)此时在射流器的作用下，净水设备内形成真空状态；为维持空气压力平衡，空气通过好氧池上方的进气口气冒进入U型曝气管，并通过U型曝气管上的空气切割曝气片作用形成分布均匀的微小气泡，以完成对好氧槽的曝气；
[0031] (3)污水经过缺氧槽从缺氧池底部进入好氧池中的好氧槽，同好氧槽中的好氧活性污泥进行生化反应，反应后的混合液通过好氧池出水口进入沉淀池沉淀，使混合液中的好氧活性污泥与污水分离；
[0032] (4)分离掉好氧活性污泥的污水通过沉淀池出水溢流堰进入过滤池，通过石英砂和活性炭滤去污水中的微小悬浮颗粒，同时吸附有机物从而达到净水效果；
[0033] (5)污水进入存储池进行收集，同时电子液位计实时监控液位；
[0034] (6)当液位达到存储池的最高点，停止离心泵，开启出水口阀门排出净水，同时关闭进气口阀门和真空阀，开启阀门C直到缓冲罐中的积水排出后关闭阀门C，此时缺氧槽和好氧槽内的氧气逐渐消耗，使整个设备处于缺氧厌氧状态，缺氧和厌氧活性污泥开始发挥作用，达到脱氮效果；
[0035] (7)当存储池内的净水排完，关闭出水口阀门；
[0036] (8)重复步骤⑴到(7)，使净水效果达到最佳。
Claims (4)
1.一种低耗能一体化净水设备，至少包括依次相通的缺氧池、好氧池、沉淀池和过滤池，其特征在于:该设备还包括离心泵、射流器和缓冲罐，所述离心泵的排水口通过安装有阀门A的污水管A同射流器的入水口相连；所述射流器的进气口通过真空连接管A同缓冲罐的A 口相通；射流器的出水口通过插入缺氧池顶部的安装有阀门B的污水管B与缺氧池相通，缓冲罐的C 口通过安装有阀门C的缓冲罐排水管插入缺氧池顶部并与缺氧池相通；缺氧池的顶部设有缺氧池人孔盖，缺氧池的内部设有缺氧槽，缺氧池的底部与好氧池相通；所述好氧池的顶部设有好氧池人孔盖，缓冲罐的B 口通过插入好氧池顶部的装有真空阀的真空连接管B与好氧池相通；好氧池中悬有好氧槽，U型曝气管设于好氧池底部，其两端穿过好氧槽并从好氧池顶部穿出与外界相通，两端同时设有进气口阀门和进气口气冒，U型曝气管上设有空气切割曝气片；好氧池出水口同沉淀池连通，好氧池出水口位于好氧槽上方；沉淀池内置有泥斗，沉淀池顶部固定有挡板，挡板向下延伸并在泥斗上方留有缺口 ；沉淀池的内壁设有沉淀池出水溢流堰；所述沉淀池出水溢流堰连通沉淀池和过滤池，所述过滤池的顶部设有过滤池人孔盖，过滤池的内部设有过滤槽，过滤池底部设有过滤池出口 ；所述缺氧槽内填充有缺氧和厌氧活性污泥；所述好氧槽内填充有好氧活性污泥；所述过滤槽内从下至上置有活性炭层、石英砂层和过滤池布水器；所述过滤池通过过滤池出水口同存储池相连，存储池出水口设有出水口阀门，所述存储池设有电子液位计。
2.根据权利要求1所述低耗能一体化净水设备，其特征在于:U型曝气管上的空气切割曝气片的间隔为100-200mm。
3.根据权利要求1所述低耗能一体化净水设备，其特征在于:所述好氧池出水口和沉淀池出水溢流堰同高。
4.一种基于权利要求1所述设备的净水方法，其特征在于具体包括以下步骤: (1)启动离心泵，开启阀门A、阀门B、进气口阀门以及真空阀，关闭阀门C、出水口阀门、缺氧池人孔盖以及好氧池人孔盖，污水通过离心泵和射流器进入缺氧池内的缺氧槽； (2)此时在射流器的作用下，净水设备内形成真空状态；为维持空气压力平衡，空气通过好氧池上方的进气口气冒进入U型曝气管，并通过U型曝气管上的空气切割曝气片作用形成分布均匀的微小气泡，以完成对好氧槽的曝气； (3)污水经过缺氧槽从缺氧池底部进入好氧池中的好氧槽，同好氧槽中的好氧活性污泥进行生化反应，反应后的混合液通过好氧池出水口进入沉淀池沉淀，使混合液中的好氧活性污泥与污水分离； (4)分离掉好氧活性污泥的污水通过沉淀池出水溢流堰进入过滤池，通过石英砂和活性炭滤去污水中的微小悬浮颗粒，同时吸附有机物从而达到净水效果； (5)污水进入存储池进行收集，同时电子液位计实时监控液位； (6)当液位达到存储池的最高点，停止离心泵，开启出水口阀门排出净水，同时关闭进气口阀门和真空阀，开启阀门C直到缓冲罐中的积水排出后关闭阀门C，此时缺氧槽和好氧槽内的氧气逐渐消耗，使整个设备处于缺氧厌氧状态，缺氧和厌氧活性污泥开始发挥作用，达到脱氮效果； (7)当存储池内的净水排完，关闭出水口阀门； (8)重复步骤(I)到(7)，使净水效果达到最佳。
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| CN105884147A (zh) * | 2016-06-26 | 2016-08-24 | 福建碧蓝环保股份公司 | 一种一体化地理式农村生活污水微动力处理装置 |
| CN106049654A (zh) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-10-26 | 陈鹤忠 | 户用雨水生态收集调蓄池 |
| CN106830320A (zh) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-06-13 | 兰州理工大学 | 一种集成式生物床及处理农村分散式生活污水的方法 |
| CN110902830A (zh) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-03-24 | 重庆振冉环保技术开发有限公司 | 一体化污水处理设备 |
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| JP2008093607A (ja) * | 2006-10-13 | 2008-04-24 | Kobelco Eco-Solutions Co Ltd | 有機性廃水処理装置および有機性廃水処理方法 |
| CN102668947A (zh) * | 2012-05-10 | 2012-09-19 | 张振华 | 一种水气耦合高效灌溉系统 |
| CN202625921U (zh) * | 2012-05-30 | 2012-12-26 | 绍兴市国富环保科技有限公司 | 注气自吸双向可调式高效低耗射流曝气系统 |
| CN103787555A (zh) * | 2013-01-25 | 2014-05-14 | 浙江商达环保有限公司 | 智能农村污水一体化处理方法 |
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| JP2008093607A (ja) * | 2006-10-13 | 2008-04-24 | Kobelco Eco-Solutions Co Ltd | 有機性廃水処理装置および有機性廃水処理方法 |
| CN102668947A (zh) * | 2012-05-10 | 2012-09-19 | 张振华 | 一种水气耦合高效灌溉系统 |
| CN202625921U (zh) * | 2012-05-30 | 2012-12-26 | 绍兴市国富环保科技有限公司 | 注气自吸双向可调式高效低耗射流曝气系统 |
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