The centering positioner of large-scale pump housing class part processing and localization method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of positioner and localization method thereof of machining, be specifically related to centering positioner and the localization method of the processing of large-scale pump housing class part.
Background technology
Domestic large pump is mainly used in water industry, energy field, petrochemical industry, steel industry, according to statistics, and large pump market, domestic market in 2012 total sales volume about 4,000,000,000 yuan.Accordingly, the thriving of water pump market has also driven the manufacturing development of a series of mammoth pump bodies.Through enterprise, research institution and the technical staff of colleges and universities, the Exploration & stu dy for many years of experts and scholars, the manufacturing technology of Pump Body Parts reaches its maturity, Pump Body Parts is generally shaped by casting technique, again through manufacturing procedures such as follow-up car, milling, mills, a qualified Pump Body Parts could drop into assembling and the use of product.
But, because the profile of pump housing mo(u)lded piece is complicated, the relative-position error requirement between each machined surface is many, precision is high, makes pump housing mo(u)lded piece when carrying out following process, the centering of large-scale Pump Body Parts is located, clamping process is too loaded down with trivial details, and not easily ensures crudy.Prior art processes method is generally: lifting pump body cast is placed on the chuck of workbench, first with dial gauge to its centering, then to sling pump housing adjustment position with driving, then measurement centering carried out to it, so repeatedly until error narrows down within the scope of regulation, so operate extremely inconvenient.Further, the depth of parallelism between each axially bored line and accuracy are difficult to ensure.The present invention is directed to the problems referred to above existed in production, in conjunction with practical operation in production and processing, disclose a kind of location alignment device and method of the large-scale pump housing, considerably reduce the centering of workpiece, clamping time, improve production efficiency and crudy
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of centering positioner and localization method of large-scale pump housing class part processing, utilize the feature that laser linearity is good, the position of the adjustment pump housing that can be very easy, structure is ingenious, light quality.
Technical scheme: for achieving the above object, the centering positioner of a kind of large-scale pump housing class part processing of the present invention, comprise support bar and be positioned at the base below support bar, described support bar connects three groups of positioners, often organizing positioner is sleeved on support bar, described positioner comprises establishes graduated backstay, backstay is provided with laser ranging system, described support bar is provided with external screw thread, backstay is provided with the screwed hole coordinated with external screw thread, be carved with the angle index concentric with screwed hole around screwed hole, support bar is carved with zero graduation.
As preferably, described backstay comprises the first folding rod and the second folding rod, described scale and laser ranging system are arranged on the first folding rod, second folding rod is sleeved on support bar by screwed hole, first folding rod end is provided with hinge bracket, first folding rod is connected with the second folding rod by hinge bracket, first folding rod is provided with toggle mechanism, locking is had contact with and boss, toggle mechanism is fixed on boss and also can rotates around boss, described locking is had contact with and is hinged on toggle mechanism, described second folding rod is provided with base plate boss, toggle mechanism drives locking to have contact with and moves and be engaged on base plate boss.
As preferably, described support bar bottom is provided with positioning boss, and support bar base is extended with locating shaft.
As preferably, described second folding rod is centered by support bar during axle rotating 360 degrees, and the second folding rod to decline 2mm along support bar at vertical direction, and namely on support bar, the pitch of screw thread is 2mm.The second described folding rod compresses without the need to other parts are auxiliary after adjusting, it is made not rotate around support bar and affect locating effect, interference fits is adopted between support bar external screw thread and the second folding rod screwed hole, relatively large frictional force is had to each other, so be not easy after adjusting angle again deviation to occur when namely rotating.
Based on a localization method for the centering positioner of above-mentioned large-scale pump housing class part processing, comprise the following steps:
A, according to Design Requirement Drawing, determine three not specified points on the same line in pump body cast;
B, support bar base locating shaft is placed in workbench centre bore, lifting pump body cast is placed on the chuck of workbench, its preliminary tram of range estimation adjustment, screwed in base threaded hole through pump housing endoporus by support bar and just contact with susceptor surface to support bar positioning boss lower surface, apparatus main body is fixed;
C, the first folding rod is drawn out to horizontal level from bottom to top, the base plate boss of fastening second folding rod, pressure toggle mechanism are had contact with in locking, and the first folding rod is locked;
D, laser ranging system is contained on the first folding rod, according to the designing requirement of the pump housing, adjust the integral biased angle of the second folding rod, regulate the outreach of laser ranging system, until laser spots is adjusted to the ad-hoc location required by design drawing, prior three specified points found out on the pump housing overlap to adjust with laser spots and terminate by the position of adjustment pump body cast.
Above-mentioned method of adjustment determines the principle of a plane based on 3, when in the plane and the pump housing at positioner place, the plane at 3 places is parallel to each other, further other points on the pump housing are confirmed, punch in direction along the location of laser, such as be perpendicular to the hole of this plane, can not deflection be there is, improve machining accuracy.
After above-mentioned centering work completes, just can adjust chuck, the clamping pump housing.
In steps d, laser ranging system preferably replaces with laser spacing device, existing fixed point has again vertical spacing effect simultaneously, ensure that machined surface does not tilt and parallel with lathe bed working face, if not parallel by positioning workpieces machined surface, then under laser vertical spacing numeric guide, adjustment pad can be added in trade union college face, until processed plane meets flatness processing request.
Beneficial effect: the centering positioner of large-scale pump housing class part processing of the present invention, many group machining elements centering location simultaneously can be ensured, avoid the situation that large-scale pump housing class workpiece easily interferes with each other again between centering location, machining element repeatedly, decrease the tool setting time; Localization method of the present invention, simple to operate, substantially increase working (machining) efficiency, and from the depth of parallelism ensured to a greater extent between each axially bored line and precise requirements, the crudy of the pump housing can be improve.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the partial enlarged view of A of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the top view of the second folding rod;
Fig. 4 is the present invention's structural representation when folding.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described.
As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the centering positioner of a kind of large-scale pump housing class part processing of the present invention, the base 10 comprising support bar 6 and be positioned at below support bar 6, support bar 6 bottom is provided with positioning boss, support bar base 10 is extended with locating shaft downwards, support bar 6 connects three groups of positioners, three groups of positioners are socketed on support bar 6, often organize positioner to comprise and establish graduated backstay, backstay is provided with laser ranging system 2, backstay comprises the first folding rod 1, second folding rod 11, toggle mechanism 3 and locking have contact with 5, first folding rod 1 end is provided with hinge bracket 9, first folding rod 1 is connected with the second folding rod 11 by hinge bracket 9, first folding rod 1 is provided with scale and boss, in the first folding rod 1 graduated place, laser ranging system 2 is installed, toggle mechanism 3 is fixed on boss 4 and also can rotates around boss 4, locking is had contact with 5 and is hinged on toggle mechanism 3, second folding rod 11 is provided with base plate boss, toggle mechanism 3 drives locking to have contact with 5 motions and is engaged on base plate boss, support bar 6 is provided with external screw thread, second folding rod 11 is provided with and is enclosed within support bar 6 and the internal thread coordinated with external screw thread, angle index is carved with around second folding rod 11 internal thread, support bar 6 is carved with zero graduation.Wherein, laser ranging system 2 can be ZYT-0100 laser range sensor.
Below by two embodiments, the present invention is elaborated again:
Embodiment 1
Adjustment location before the present invention processes A type pump body.
A type pump body maximum outside diameter 1450mm, the uniform screw boss of pump housing surrounding, boss bores axially extending bore, and its processing key dimension parameter request is: ensure that machined surface does not tilt and parallel with lathe bed working face, the hole that further guarantee is up to is vertical with machined surface, not run-off the straight.
After further adjustment, ensure water inlet end axial line and delivery port axial line distance 600mm, and certain boss on axial hole spacing 781mm.Its positioning process step is as follows:
A, according to Design Requirement Drawing, pump body cast determined three specified points and marks, being respectively the first boss axial bore center point: 90 °, 665mm; Second boss axial bore center point 174 °, 685mm; : the 3rd boss axial bore center point: 270 °, 781mm.
B, be assemblied in workbench centre bore by base 10 locating shaft, lifting pump body cast is placed on the chuck of workbench, its preliminary tram of range estimation adjustment, is screwed in base threaded hole by support bar 6 apparatus main body is fixed through pump housing endoporus;
C, the first folding rod 1 is drawn out to horizontal level from bottom to top, the base plate boss of 5 fastening second folding rods 11 is had contact with in locking, and pressure toggle mechanism 3, first folding rod 1 is locked;
D, laser ranging system 2 is contained on the first folding rod 1, according to the designing requirement of the pump housing, adjusts the integral biased angle of the second folding rod 11, regulate the outreach of laser ranging system 2, until laser spots overlaps with the mark on above-mentioned ad-hoc location; Adjust three folding rod positions corresponding respectively from top to bottom: the first boss axial bore center point: 90 °, 665mm; Second boss axial bore center point 174 °, 685mm; : the 3rd boss axial bore center point: 270 °, 781mm, prior above-mentioned three specified points found out on the pump housing overlap with laser spots by the position of adjustment pump body cast, and the adjustment of water inlet end axial line position terminates.
Said process can ensure that machined surface does not tilt and parallel with lathe bed working face, can also ensure that the hole be up to is vertical with machined surface, not run-off the straight.
In order to meet requirement more specifically further, can after above-mentioned three specified points to overlap with laser spots and adjust, further application wherein with the laser ranging system 2 of water inlet end axial line and delivery port axes normal, water inlet end axial line and delivery port axial line distance are adjusted to 600mm position; If above-mentioned 600mm position can not meet, then, under laser ranging system 2 instructs, utilize chuck polymer product, adjust under both water inlet end axial line and delivery port axial line distance are taken into account.
After adjusting each elements position of workpiece, rotate the flatness (achieving the goal by increasing or reduce pad in the plane of chuck place work piece) that any one laser ranging system 2 adjusts whole workpiece.Finally, adjustment chuck, the clamping pump housing.
Embodiment 2
Adjustment location before the present invention processes Type B pump body.
Type B pump body maximum inner diameter 1040mm, the uniform screw boss of pump housing surrounding, boss bores axially extending bore, and its processing request is: ensure that machined surface does not tilt and parallel with lathe bed working face, the hole that further guarantee is up to is vertical with machined surface, not run-off the straight.
After further adjustment, ensure water inlet end axial line and delivery port axial line distance 600mm, and its end distance 740mm.Its positioning process step is as follows:
A, according to Design Requirement Drawing, determining three specified points in pump body cast, is the first boss axial bore center point: 90 ° respectively, 666mm; Second boss axial bore center point 230 °, 998mm; : the 3rd boss axial bore center point: 270 °, 743mm.
B, support bar 6 base locating shaft is assemblied in workbench centre bore, lifting pump body cast is placed on the chuck of workbench, its preliminary tram of range estimation adjustment, screwed in base threaded hole through pump housing endoporus by support bar 6 and just contact with susceptor surface to support bar 6 positioning boss lower surface, apparatus main body is fixed;
C, the first folding rod 1 is drawn out to horizontal level from bottom to top, the base plate boss of 5 fastening second folding rods 11 is had contact with in locking, and pressure toggle mechanism 3, first folding rod 1 is locked, and (described folding rod has 3, as shown in Figure 1);
D, laser ranging system 2 is contained on the first folding rod 1, according to the designing requirement of the pump housing, adjusts the integral biased angle of the second folding rod 11, regulate the outreach of laser ranging system 2, until laser spots overlaps with the mark on above-mentioned ad-hoc location.Adjust three folding rod positions corresponding respectively from top to bottom: the first boss axial bore center point: 90 °, 666mm; Second boss axial bore center point 230 °, 998mm; : the 3rd boss axial bore center point: 270 °, 743mm, the position of adjustment pump body cast is until above-mentioned three specified points that the pump housing is found out in advance overlap with laser spots, and the adjustment of water inlet end axial line position terminates.
Said process can ensure that machined surface does not tilt and parallel with lathe bed working face, can also ensure that the hole be up to is vertical with machined surface, not run-off the straight.
In order to meet requirement more specifically further, the subsequent step in same embodiment 1 can be operated further.Carry out the adjustment of water inlet end axial line and water outlet end interplanar distance 740mm by the method identical with its subsequent handling, when both take into account, preferentially ensure the requirement of water inlet end axial line.Finally, adjustment chuck, the clamping pump housing.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; be noted that for those skilled in the art; under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.