The tilting-type workbench that is used for mould three-dimensional hole processing
Technical field
The present invention relates to the workbench in the machining, belong to field of mechanical technique, especially for the tilting-type workbench of mould three-dimensional hole processing.
Background technology
Often need on the inclined-plane, mill in the machining, brill, boring, hinge, tapping or process monocline angle hole in the plane, this two classes hole processing is easier relatively, can dispose some standard angle pads or the verification of depth drill dial gauge and process on lathe.The processing of 3 D stereo hole wants difficulty a lot, and especially deep hole machining has error that position, two holes can not be connected as machining angle slightly.Present stage processing stereoscopic three-dimensional deep hole method is nothing more than two kinds: a kind of is the method for manually adjusting, and another kind is five processing methods.When artificial adjustment method was adjusted, manipulation strength was big, it is loaded down with trivial details to waste time and energy, adjust, efficient is low, error is big, and the precision in the hole that processes can not guarantee.Adopt five processing methods,, can not adapt to needs of production because apparatus expensive, cost of processing are higher.This shows that this two classes processing method all can not be used widely.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed in the present machining and go up existing practical problem, thereby proposed a kind of energy multi-angle location workpiece can be processed the stereoscopic three-dimensional hole on workpiece the tilting-type workbench that is used for mould three-dimensional hole processing about the processing of 3 D stereo hole.
Purpose of the present invention can realize by following technical proposal: the tilting-type workbench that is used for mould three-dimensional hole processing, comprise working plate and base, offer some T type grooves on the upper surface of described working plate, be provided with rotating shaft between described working plate one end and the base, this end forms by rotating shaft and base and is rotationally connected, it is characterized in that being provided with between the lower surface of the described working plate other end and the base fixture that is positioned after working plate is rotated around the axis, on described working plate upper surface, be that centrosymmetric offering is used to locate the even rows locating hole that workpiece is used with line of symmetry, described every registration hole distributes along a circular arc equal angles, and the plurality of rows locating hole that is positioned at each limit of line of symmetry is arranged on concentric waney circular arc.By locating hole is set on working plate, thus centering and locate the position of workpiece on working plate fast.Workpiece setting by alignment pin is set, and is provided with locking member after on the working plate on T type groove on locating hole, the mating reaction by alignment pin and locking member is positioned at workpiece on the working plate, thus the free degree of restriction workpiece on working plate.After the position was determined, rotation work was dull and stereotyped and make on the position after workbench is fixed on rotation by fixture, so just made cutter head turn to constant situation, can process the 3 D stereo hole on workpiece.
When adopting technique scheme, the present invention can adopt or make up by the following technical solutions:
Be provided with the datum line of parallel shaft on the upper surface of described working plate near this end of rotating shaft, the vertical described datum line of above-mentioned line of symmetry, and the plurality of rows locating hole that is symmetrically distributed all is that starting point is extended to line of symmetry with the datum line.Locating hole is set in such a way, is convenient on working plate by the position of adjusting workpiece clockwise or counterclockwise.
The two ends of described datum line are provided with datum hole, and described datum hole is symmetricly set on the both sides of line of symmetry, and the datum hole that described line of symmetry locating hole on one side is positioned at the line of symmetry another side is on the circular arc at center.
Offer 4~8 registration holes on the upper surface of described working plate, the interval angle difference of adjacent two locating holes in described line of symmetry 2~4 registration holes on one side.
Offer 4 registration holes on the upper surface of described working plate, press 5 degree angular spacing settings away from this registration hole of line of symmetry by 3 degree angular spacing settings, close this registration hole of line of symmetry in the described line of symmetry 2 registration holes on one side.
Offer 6 registration holes on the upper surface of described working plate, press 3 degree angular spacing settings, spend the angular spacing settings by 5 by 2 degree angular spacing settings, this registration hole, centre away from this registration hole of line of symmetry in the described line of symmetry 3 registration holes on one side near this registration hole of line of symmetry.
Offer 8 registration holes on the upper surface of described working plate, press 3 degree angles and 5 degree angular spacing settings respectively, spend the angular spacing settings by 7 by 2 degree angular spacing settings, middle this two registration hole away from this registration hole of line of symmetry in the described line of symmetry 4 registration holes on one side near this registration hole of line of symmetry.
Described fixture comprises benchmark supporting component and the gravity supporting component that is arranged between working plate and the base.
Described benchmark supporting component comprises rest pad and the calibrated bolck between rest pad and base that is connected on the working plate lower surface, and described calibrated bolck one end roof pressure is on base, and the other end leans on rest pad.Because rest pad often contacts with calibrated bolck and rubs, therefore need select for use the high-hardness, wearable steel to make.
Have the face of cylinder on the described rest pad, the axis on the described face of cylinder is parallel with the axis of rotating shaft, and two axial lines is equal to the distance of working plate lower surface, and above-mentioned calibrated bolck leans on the face of cylinder.
Described gravity supporting component comprises center of gravity adjustment part that is connected on the working plate lower surface and the jack that is installed on the base, and described jack leans on the center of gravity adjustment part.
Described center of gravity adjustment part comprises two fixed blocks that are connected on the working plate lower surface and is arranged on the adjustment piece that is rotationally connected with two fixed blocks between two fixed blocks that above-mentioned jack leans to be adjusted on the piece.
Be provided with bearing pin between described adjustment piece and two fixed blocks, described adjustment piece is rotatably connected on two fixed blocks by bearing pin.
Owing to adopt technical scheme of the present invention, originally the tilting-type workbench that is used for mould three-dimensional hole processing has following beneficial effect: (1) working plate can rotate relative to base, and because of the axis on the face of cylinder of the rest pad in the fixture identical with shaft axis to the distance of working plate, so the high computational of calibrated bolck is convenient, accurate, accurate positioning; (2) adjusting piece can relatively rotate, and makes jack vertically to act on and adjusts on the piece bottom water plane, has guaranteed that working plate can not support more firm to very heavy generation excessive deflection in the rotary movement around the shaft; (3) on working face, offer locating hole and T type groove, make workpiece can be more easily be limited to the free degree on the working plate according to the angle needs of processing; By the dull and stereotyped angle of adjusting workpiece with respect to the XY plane of rotation work, thereby can process the 3 D stereo hole keeping cutter head to turn under the constant situation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the flat condition structural representation that is used for the tilting-type workbench of mould three-dimensional hole processing of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the vertical view that is used for the tilting-type workbench of mould three-dimensional hole processing of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the working plate bottom surface of the tilting-type workbench that is used for mould three-dimensional hole processing of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the perspective view one after the workpiece that is used for the tilting-type workbench of mould three-dimensional hole processing of the present invention is installed;
Fig. 5 is the perspective view two after the workpiece that is used for the tilting-type workbench of mould three-dimensional hole processing of the present invention is installed;
Fig. 6 is the side view after the workpiece that is used for the tilting-type workbench of mould three-dimensional hole processing of the present invention is installed;
Fig. 7 is the A-A cross-sectional view that is used for the tilting-type work sheet 6 of mould three-dimensional hole processing of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the partial enlarged drawing at the B place of the tilting-type work sheet 6 that is used for mould three-dimensional hole processing of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the structural representation that is used for the tilting-type workbench gravity supporting component of mould three-dimensional hole processing of the present invention.
Among the figure, base 1; Contiguous block 2 11; Working plate 2; T-slot 21; Datum line 22; Locating hole 23; Upper surface 24; Lower surface 25; Datum hole 26; Line of symmetry 27; Contiguous block 1; Groove 29; Rotating shaft 3; Fixture 4; Benchmark supporting component 41; Rest pad 41a; Face of cylinder 41b; Calibrated bolck 41c; Gravity supporting component 42; Fixed block 42a; Adjust piece 42b; Bearing pin 42c; Jack 42d; Locking member 5; Clamping screw 51; Trapezoid block 51a; Locking nut 52; Latch segment 53; Isometry block 54; Alignment pin 6; Safe block 7; Suspension ring 8; Workpiece 9.
The specific embodiment
Buy Shi Liyi:
With reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and shown in Figure 5, the tilting-type workbench that is used for mould three-dimensional hole processing of the present invention can be used on the lathes such as milling machine, drilling machine, boring machine, among the present invention with drilling machine as enumerating object.Originally the tilting-type workbench that is used for mould three-dimensional hole processing comprise base 1, working plate 2, two be arranged on rotating shaft 3, the fixture 4 on the same axis and can make workpiece 9 be positioned at locking member 5 and alignment pin 6 on the working plate 2.
With reference to Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and shown in Figure 8, locking member 5 comprises clamping screw 51, locking nut 52, latch segment 53 and the isometry block 54 contour with workpiece 9.Have trapezoid block 51a in clamping screw 51 lower ends, offer the through hole that clamping screw 51 upper ends are passed through on the latch segment 53, locking nut 52 is by being threaded in the upper end of clamping screw 51.
With reference to Fig. 3 and shown in Figure 6, the both sides of an end of the lower surface 25 of working plate 2 have the contiguous block 1 of projection, offer one, two through hole one of through hole on the contiguous block 1 and are arranged on the same center line; Base 1 one ends have the contiguous block 2 11 to upper process, and two, two through holes two of through hole that offer corresponding on the contiguous block 2 11 also are arranged on the same center line.A rotating shaft 3 is arranged in the through hole one and with contiguous block 1 fixedlys connected, and the other end of this rotating shaft 3 is positioned at logical two holes is rotationally connected working plate 2 and base 1 formation; Another root rotating shaft 3 is provided with too.Lower surface 25 other ends are fixed with two safe block 7, safe block 7 is set makes working plate 2 not fit with base 1, avoid in the operating process phenomenons such as error causes that personnel are pressed from both sides to occur.
With reference to shown in Figure 2, offer datum line 22, line of symmetry 27, some T-slots 21,4 rows on the upper surface 24 of foursquare working plate 2 and be locating hole 23 and two datum holes 26 that arcuation distributes.Locating hole 23 is a shoulder hole, and alignment pin 6 can be installed in the locating hole 23.T-slot 21 is along the axis direction setting of rotating shaft 3, and the trapezoid block 51a of clamping screw 51 can be arranged in the T-slot 21 and cooperate with T-slot 21.Datum line 22 is opened in rotating shaft 3 these ends, and datum line 22 be arranged in parallel with the axis of rotating shaft 3.Line of symmetry 27 is positioned at the center and the vertical reference line 22 of datum line 22, produces on the used working plate 2 line of symmetry 27 is not set, and the line of symmetry 27 in the application's diagram is mainly the structure explanation and uses.Two datum holes 26 are separately positioned on the two ends of datum line 22, and two datum holes 26 are that center line is symmetrical arranged with line of symmetry 27.The datum hole 26 that one side of line of symmetry 27 offers with line of symmetry 27 another sides is center and waney two arc grooves 29, the another side of line of symmetry 27 also symmetry offer two arc grooves 29,4 registration holes 23 are separately positioned in four grooves 29, and it is on center and two the waney circular arcs that line of symmetry 27 two registration holes 23 on one side are separately positioned on datum hole 26 with line of symmetry 27 another sides, 27 these rows have ten locating holes 23 away from line of symmetry, these ten locating holes 23 have been to press 3 degree angle line of symmetries, 27 equal angles to extend with datum line 22, promptly datum hole 26 with spend angles away from tool 30 between the line of the locating hole 23 farthest of datum line 22 and the datum line 22; Have six locating holes 23 near line of symmetry 27 these rows, these six locating holes 23 have been to press 5 degree angle line of symmetries, 27 equal angles to extend with datum line 22.Symmetry locating hole 23 is set, can make workpiece 9 be the center by datum hole 26, with datum line 22 has been the position of pressing clockwise or counterclockwise adjust workpiece 9, such structure, lock part 5 with and alignment pin 6, make workpiece 9 as the benchmark line of reference, adjust the relative position of workpiece 9 with datum line 22 easily with working plate 2 as datum plane.
With reference to Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and shown in Figure 9, fixture 4 is arranged between the lower surface 25 and base 1 of working plate 2 other ends, and fixture 4 comprises benchmark supporting component 41 and the gravity supporting component 42 that is arranged side by side.
Benchmark supporting component 41 comprises rest pad 41a that is connected on working plate 2 lower surfaces 25 and the calibrated bolck 41c that is arranged on the base 1, rest pad 41a selects for use the high-hardness, wearable steel to make, rest pad 41a lower end has face of cylinder 41b, the center line of the through hole one on the axis of this face of cylinder 41b and the contiguous block 1 is parallel and in the same plane, the axis that is face of cylinder 41b is parallel and in the same plane with the axis of rotating shaft 3, is arranged so that like this rotating shaft 3 centers equate with the distance of 41b center, the face of cylinder to lower surface 25 to the distance of lower surface 25.Calibrated bolck 41c can be made up of a plurality of default benchmark cushion blocks, every benchmark cushion block adopts standard size processing, be arranged so that the height of adjusting calibrated bolck 41c when working plate 2 rotates different angles by the quantity that increases or reduce the benchmark cushion block like this, calibrated bolck 41c upper end is inconsistent with the face of cylinder 41b on the rest pad 41a.Because rotating shaft 3 axle center equate with the distance of 41b center, the face of cylinder to lower surface 25 to the distance of working plate 2 lower surfaces 25, so the height of calibrated bolck 41c is base 1 deducts face of cylinder 41b to the distance at 41b center, the face of cylinder radius.
Gravity supporting component 42 comprises center of gravity adjustment part that is connected on working plate 2 lower surfaces 25 and the jack 42d that is located on the base 1, the center of gravity adjustment part comprises two fixed block 42a that are connected on working plate 2 lower surfaces 25, bearing pin 42c, and be connected the adjustment piece 42b that is rotationally connected with two fixed block 42a between two fixed block 42a by bearing pin 42c, offer the mating holes that can cooperate on the lower surface of adjustment piece with jack 42d upper end, jack 42d is vertically set on the base 1, and the upper end is arranged in the mating holes and leans bottom at the mating holes of adjusting piece 42b.Jack 42d not only can be used as gravity and supports usefulness, and can be used as dull and stereotyped 2 actuating units that rotate that push the work forward.Because adjusting piece 42b can rotate with respect to working plate 2, so when jack 42d makes working plate 23 rotations around the shaft, the lower surface 25 of adjusting piece 42b still can be perpendicular with jack 42d, therefore can not produce excessive deflection in working plate 2 rotation processes, thereby working plate 2 can more supportedly be fixed jack 42d.Certainly working plate 2 rotates and also can adopt the suspension ring 8 that are hung in working plate 2 of driving a vehicle to realize.
Operation principle of the present invention: as shown in Figure 4, at first, working plate 2 and base 1 are articulated, thereby working plate 2 can be rotated around base 1.Upper surface 24 when the horizontal plane of the working plate 2 shown in the figure is placed is the XY plane, and working plate 23 rotates to rotate on the XZ plane around the shaft.Secondly, calculate the three-dimensional perspective of workpiece 9, projection is carried out on XY plane and YZ plane, the three-dimensional perspective of workpiece 9 is converted to two Plane Angle on XY plane and Y Z plane; The projected angle of workpiece 9 on the XY plane is that clockwise direction rotates 6 degree angles among the present invention, and projection gained angle is 10 degree on the YZ plane, and the angle that projects to the YZ plane according to workpiece 9 is obtained side opposite the angle length, and promptly base 1 upper surface is to the height of face of cylinder axis.The 3rd, one with two alignment pins 6 is arranged on the datum hole 26, it has been to press in the locating hole 23 that clockwise rotates 6 degree angles that another root is arranged on datum line 22, and workpiece 9 is placed on the horizontal plane of working plate 2, and workpiece 9 is abutted against on two alignment pins 6; The trapezoid block 51a of clamping screw 51 is arranged in the T-slot 21, isometry block 54 is arranged on the working plate 2, and the through hole of latch segment 53 is set on the clamping screw 51, and latch segment 53 1 ends are pressed on the workpiece 9, the other end is pressed on the isometry block 54, presses latch segment 53 workpiece 9 is fixed thereby locking nut 52 is screwed to clamping screw 51 upper ends; More firm for workpiece 9 is connected with working plate 2, can locking member 5 be set in a plurality of angle positions of workpiece 9 peripheries.The 4th, make working plate 2 rotate 10 degree angles by driving or jack 42d, and the workpiece that is projected in YZ plane projection gained according to workpiece 9 is obtained the height that radius that side opposite the angle length deducts face of cylinder 41b is calculated calibrated bolck 41c with respect to the 10 degree angles on XY plane, the height of the required calibrated bolck 41c that a plurality of benchmark cushion blocks are combined into is also placed on the bottom surface, the upper end of calibrated bolck 41c leans on the 41b of the face of cylinder, jack 42d is leaned on the bottom surface of the adjustment piece 42b after the rotation, thereby guarantee that working plate 2 is supported on the postrotational angle of inclination.Be provided with like this can make workpiece 9 with datum hole 26 be the center, to be line of reference with datum line 22 position by the position of 3 degree, 5 degree and multiple thereof, thereby make workpiece 9 can process the hole of multiple three-dimensional perspective.
Embodiment two:
Structure in the present embodiment and principle and embodiment one are basic identical, offer 6 registration holes 23 on the upper surface 24 of the working plate 2 that its main distinction point is, and to be separately positioned on datum hole 26 with line of symmetry 27 another sides be on center and three the waney circular arcs in line of symmetry 27 3 registration holes 23 on one side; Have 15 locating holes 23 away from line of symmetry 27 these rows in line of symmetry 27 locating hole 23 on one side, these 15 locating holes 23 have been to press 2 degree angle line of symmetries, 27 equal angles to extend with datum line 22, promptly datum hole 26 with spend angles away from tool 30 between the line of the locating hole 23 farthest of datum line 22 and the datum line 22; Middle this row has ten locating holes 23, and these ten locating holes 23 be to press the extension of 3 degree angle line of symmetries, 27 equal angles with datum line 22, i.e. datum hole 26 and spend angles away from tool 30 between the line of the locating hole 23 farthest of datum line 22 and the datum line 22; Have six locating holes 23 near line of symmetry 27 these rows, these six locating holes 23 have been to press 5 degree angle line of symmetries, 27 equal angles to extend with datum line 22, promptly datum hole 26 with spend angles away from tool 30 between the line of the locating hole 23 farthest of datum line 22 and the datum line 22.Be provided with like this can make workpiece 9 with datum hole 26 be the center, to be line of reference with datum line 22 position by the position of 2 degree, 3 degree, 5 degree and multiple thereof, thereby make workpiece 9 can process the hole of multiple three-dimensional perspective.
Embodiment three: structure in the present embodiment and principle and embodiment one are basic identical, offer 8 registration holes 23 on the upper surface 24 of the working plate 2 that its main distinction point is, and to be separately positioned on datum hole 26 with line of symmetry 27 another sides be on center and four the waney circular arcs in line of symmetry 27 4 registration holes 23 on one side.Have 15 locating holes 23 away from line of symmetry 27 these rows in line of symmetry 27 locating hole 23 on one side, these 15 locating holes 23 have been to press 2 degree angle line of symmetries, 27 equal angles to extend with datum line 22, promptly datum hole 26 with spend angles away from tool 30 between the line of the locating hole 23 farthest of datum line 22 and the datum line 22.A row has ten locating holes 23 among middle this two row, these ten locating holes 23 have been to press 3 degree angle line of symmetries, 27 equal angles to extend with datum line 22, it is datum hole 26 and away from tool 30 degree angles between the line of the locating hole 23 farthest of datum line 22 and the datum line 22, another row has six locating holes 23, these six locating holes 23 have been to press 5 degree angle line of symmetries, 27 equal angles to extend with datum line 22, promptly datum hole 26 with spend angles away from tool 30 between the line of the locating hole 23 farthest of datum line 22 and the datum line 22.Have four locating holes 23 near line of symmetry 27 these rows, these four locating holes 23 have been to press 7 degree angle line of symmetries, 27 equal angles to extend with datum line 22, promptly datum hole 26 with spend angles away from tool 28 between the line of the locating hole 23 farthest of datum line 22 and the datum line 22.Be provided with like this can make workpiece 9 with datum hole 26 be the center, to be line of reference with datum line 22 position by the position of 2 degree, 3 degree, 5 degree, 7 degree and multiple thereof, thereby make workpiece 9 can process the hole of multiple three-dimensional perspective.