CN104018006B - A kind of nickel matte bottom blowing converting process and nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace - Google Patents
A kind of nickel matte bottom blowing converting process and nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN104018006B CN104018006B CN201310064241.8A CN201310064241A CN104018006B CN 104018006 B CN104018006 B CN 104018006B CN 201310064241 A CN201310064241 A CN 201310064241A CN 104018006 B CN104018006 B CN 104018006B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of nickel matte bottom blowing converting process and nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace.The nickel matte bottom blowing converting process comprises the following steps：Low nickel matte and flux are added in nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace；Using Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun oxygen-containing gas is continuously blown from the bottom of the nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace in melt into the nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace；With discharged respectively out of described nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace high nickel matte and blowing slag.According to the nickel matte bottom blowing converting process and nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace of the present invention, the continuous converting of nickel matte can be achieved, caused flue gas is continuous, and amount is stablized less, SO2Concentration is stable, environmentally friendly good, efficiency high, and high nickel matte and flue gas acid preparing production cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of non-ferrous metallurgy, is blown more particularly, to nickel matte bottom blowing converting process and nickel matte bottom blowing
Stove.
Background technology
The metallurgical method that nickel is extracted from sulphide ore mainly uses pyrometallurgy, and its technological process is mainly nickel sulfide concentrate
Melting is carried out in electric furnace, Flash Smelting Furnace or other smelting furnaces and obtains low nickel matte, low nickel matte obtains height in converting furnace by blowing
Nickel matte, high nickel matte obtains the nickel product such as electric nickel, nickel powder, nickel rondelle by further processing again, and reclaims the cobalt, copper, platinum family of association
Metal and rare precious metal.At present, the blowing of nickel matte mainly uses PS converters, and the low nickel matte of liquid is coated with the cycle by crane and melt
It is added in PS converters to property, oxygen-containing gas is blasted from PS converter sidepiece air ports to nickel matte molten bath, by the ferrous sulfide in nickel matte
Aoxidize and with the quartzy flux slag making of addition, obtain high nickel matte and blowing slag.After the completion of a batch of nickel matte converting, discharge is nickelic
Sulfonium and blowing slag, the nickel matte for then adding next batch are blown.PS, which bessemerizes operation, can only be interrupted progress, operation process
Middle body of heater needs multiple rotary blowing-out to realize the operations such as charging, deslagging, the high nickel matte of row, cleaning fire door, and body of heater can not be complete
It is closed, therefore operating rate is low, efficiency is low, and melt temperature fluctuation is big in body of heater, and blowing flue gas inleakage is big and unstable, and flue gas contains
SO2Concentration is low, and fume treatment cost is high；PS Converter short lifes, maintenance cost is high, and blowing cost is high；Melt has bad luck and nickel matte
Low concentration sulphur dioxide flue gas is spilt into workshop in converting process, and low vacancy pollution is serious；Melt have bad luck process also exist it is great
Potential safety hazard.
The content of the invention
It is contemplated that at least solve one of above-mentioned technical problem to a certain extent or provide at a kind of useful business
Industry selects.
Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to propose a kind of nickel matte bottom blowing converting process, blown using the nickel matte bottom blowing
Technique, the continuous converting of nickel matte can be achieved, caused exhaust gas volumn is few, and flue gas contains SO compared with PS converters2Concentration is relatively high and stable,
Good operational environment, environmentally friendly good, efficiency high, high nickel matte and flue gas acid preparing production cost are low.
Another object of the present invention is to propose a kind of nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace that can realize above-mentioned technique.
To achieve these goals, embodiment according to a first aspect of the present invention proposes a kind of nickel matte bottom blowing converting process,
The nickel matte bottom blowing converting process comprises the following steps：Low nickel matte and flux are added in nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace；Utilize bottom
Blow and spray rifle be continuously blown from the bottom of the nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace in melt into the nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace it is oxygenous
Body；With discharged respectively out of described nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace high nickel matte and blowing slag.
Nickel matte bottom blowing converting process according to embodiments of the present invention, blown by using Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun from the nickel matte bottom blowing
The bottom of stove is continuously blown oxygen-containing gas in the melt into nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace, it is possible to achieve continuous converting, efficiency is improved,
Cost is reduced, and exhaust gas volumn is few, and flue gas concentration is stable, and flue gas effusion is few, good environmental protection, reduces pollution.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the oxygen-containing gas is continuously blown into the nickel matte layer of the melt.
By being continuously blown oxygen-containing gas into nickel matte melt, exhaust gas volumn caused by converting process can be made balanced continuous steady
Fixed, tolerance is few, stable components, flue gas waste heat recovery, purification and acid making system stable conditions, smoke processing system is greatly reduced
Construction cost and operating cost.
In the nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace, nickel matte layer C1 is below blowing slag blanket C2, by nickel matte layer C1 bottoms
Oxygen-containing gas is continuously blown, melt can be preferably stirred, distribution of the optimization blowing gas in melt, extend the oxygen being blown into
The holdup time is long in nickel matte layer C1, reaction is more abundant, while using gas effective cooling protection spray gun is blown into, improves
The utilization rate of blowing oxygen, this can reduce the dosage of oxygen-containing gas, reduce cost.Additionally due to bottom be continuously blown it is oxygen-containing
Gas can make reaction more abundant, be wasted so as to avoid oxygen-containing gas, this can reduce the dosage of oxygen-containing gas, further
Reduce cost.
Moreover, by being continuously blown oxygen-containing gas into nickel matte layer, the oxygen gesture highest of nickel matte layer bottom can be made, by lower
Upper oxygen gesture progressively declines, and this is not only able to the impurity element that will be mixed in nickel matte layer（Zn, Pb etc.）Oxidation removes, and is advantageous to
Suppress NiO and Fe in blowing slag blanket3O4Growing amount, prevent Fe3O4The generation of precipitation and foamed slag.
By being continuously blown oxygen-containing gas into the nickel matte layer, the stable progress of physical-chemical reaction in molten bath can be made,
Furnace temperature keeps stable, overcomes the shortcomings that periodically fluctuation of blowing processing temperature is big, is advantageous to increase substantially the nickel matte bottom
The service life of converting furnace is blown, reduces refractory consumption rate and maintenance load, so as to reduce nickel metallurgy cost.It is and described
Nickel matte bottom blowing converting process can make the SO in exhaust gas volumn and flue gas2Stable content is balanced, and body of heater need not be rotated often, so as to
Air leak rate of air curtain is set to decline to a great extent.
By being continuously blown oxygen-containing gas into the nickel matte layer, it is possible to achieve added while continuous converting is kept
The operations such as material, deslagging, the high nickel matte of row, rotating furnace body can be avoided to be fed by fire door of discharging fume, deslagging, the week of the high nickel matte of row
Phase property operation system, converting process closure degree greatly improved, greatly reduce the probability that blowing flue gas escapes, blew
Journey environmental protection condition significantly improves with level, while also overcomes converter discontinuous running exhaust gas volumn and smoke components fluctuation is big lacks
Point, is advantageous to relieving haperacidity, reduces acid plant investment and operating cost.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the low nickel matte is the low nickel matte of solid-state.Nickel matte according to embodiments of the present invention
Bottom blowing converting process, the low nickel matte of solid-state can be handled, and by adding the low nickel matte of solid-state into the nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace,
More easily, accurately the addition of low nickel matte can be measured and controlled, can more easily, accurately control
Low nickel matte and oxygen-containing gas（Oxygen amount）Amount ratio.It is possible thereby to converting process is more easily controlled, can by this control
To realize the stability contorting of converting process continuous-stable and the product quality that blows.
Due to the amount ratio of low nickel matte and oxygen-containing gas can be accurately controlled, so as to avoid because oxygen-containing gas sprays into
Excessive nickel that is excessive and causing nickel matte peroxidating to be formed, which is oxidized, enters clinker reduction blowing direct yield, avoids the mistake of iron in clinker
Oxidation produces excessive Armco magnetic iron formation foamed slag and security incident occurs, can also avoid causing because oxygen-containing gas penetrating is very few
The blowing high nickel matte of product contains excessive impurity（Iron, sulphur etc.）The stable operation of subsequent technique is influenceed, so as to pacify for converting process
Preferably condition is created in full stable operation and product quality guarantee.
By adding the low nickel matte of solid-state into the nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace, it can greatly improve and be blown into nickel matte melt
Reacting gas oxygen concentration, blowing exhaust gas volumn is greatly reduced, improves SO 2 from fume concentration, the place of blowing flue gas is greatly reduced
Manage cost.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the low nickel matte of the solid-state is added to described by feeding chute or charging chute
In nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace or by airflow blow to the nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace.It is possible thereby to more easily, easily
The low nickel matte of the solid-state is added in the nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace by ground.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the low nickel matte of the solid-state is added continually the nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace
It is interior.It is possible thereby to the low nickel matte of continuous treatment, with reference to oxygen-containing gas is continuously blown, further improves treatment effeciency.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun is located at the level of the body of heater of the nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace
Below center line.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the angle α between the Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun and direction straight up is -120
In the range of degree to+120 degree.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the angle α between the Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun and direction straight up is in -60 degree
To+60 degree.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the angle α between the Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun and direction straight up is in -30 degree
To+30 degree.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun is with being orthogonal to the axial of the nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace
Angle β between direction is in the range of -30 degree to+30 degree.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the angle β is 0 degree.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the nickel matte bottom blowing converting process is also included to the nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace
Caused various nickeliferous intermediate materials or outsourcing nickel-containing material in interior addition smelting process（It is referred to as cold burden）.By to the nickel
Cold burden is added in sulfonium bottom blowing converting furnace, can both make full use of caused chemical reaction heat in converting process to save the energy, and just
In stable regulation and control blowing temperature, energy consumption and blowing cost are thus reduced, further expands the technique scope of application.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the flux is the mixture and quartz of quartz, quartz and lime
At least one of with the mixture of lime stone.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the blowing slag is continuously discharged by overflow manner.It is possible thereby to easily
Discharge blowing slag, reduces manual operation.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the high nickel matte is continuously discharged by siphon mode.It can so blow
More high nickel matte is disposably released when nickel matte runs up to a certain amount of in stove.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the blowing temperature in the nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace is that 1150-1330 is Celsius
Degree.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the blowing temperature in the nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace is that 1200-1280 is Celsius
Degree.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the stokehold pressure of the oxygen-containing gas is 0.2-0.8MPa.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the stokehold pressure of the oxygen-containing gas is 0.4-0.6MPa.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the oxygen concentration of the oxygen-containing gas is 20-99.6%.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the oxygen concentration of the oxygen-containing gas is 30-75%.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun also sprays into nitrogen into the nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace.
By spraying into nitrogen, spray gun can not only be cooled down, and the melt in nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace can be stirred,
Blowing effect is further improved, improves the quality of the blowing high nickel matte of product.
Embodiment according to a second aspect of the present invention proposes a kind of nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace, including：Body of heater, in the body of heater
With furnace chamber, the body of heater has the charge door for being used to add the material for including low nickel matte into the furnace chamber, blown for discharging
Refine the slag-drip opening of slag, the high nickel matte floss hole for discharging high nickel matte, the outlet flue for discharging flue gas and be located at the body of heater
Bottom spray gun jack；And Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun, the Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun is inserted into the spray gun jack, for into the furnace chamber
Melt in be continuously blown into oxygen-containing gas.
Nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace according to embodiments of the present invention has processing nickel matte efficiency high, and the feature of environmental protection is good, high nickel matte product
The advantages of matter is high, and converter life is long.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the charge door includes being used to add low nickel matte and flux into the furnace chamber
The first charge door and for into the furnace chamber add cold burden the second charge door.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the charge door shares an opening with the outlet flue.It is possible thereby to subtract
The open amount of few nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace, reduces difficulty of processing, improves sealing property, reduces the inleakage of body of heater, ring
Guaranteed cost further improves.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the oxygen-containing gas is continuously blown the nickel of the melt by the Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun
In matte layer.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the low nickel matte is solid-state.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the body of heater is rotatable cylindrical horizontal container., can be with by rotating
It is convenient for changing Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun is arranged in below the horizontal center line of the body of heater.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the angle α between the Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun and direction straight up is -120
In the range of degree to+120 degree.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the angle α between the Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun and direction straight up is in -60 degree
To+60 degree.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the angle α between the Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun and direction straight up is in -30 degree
To+30 degree.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun is with being orthogonal to the axial of the nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace
Angle β between direction is in the range of -30 degree to+30 degree.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun is with being orthogonal to the axial of the nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace
Angle β between direction is 0 degree.
The additional aspect and advantage of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description, and will partly become from the following description
Obtain substantially, or recognized by the practice of the present invention.
Brief description of the drawings
The above-mentioned and/or additional aspect and advantage of the present invention will become in the description from combination accompanying drawings below to embodiment
Substantially and it is readily appreciated that, wherein：
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the transverse sectional view of the body of heater of nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the transverse sectional view of the body of heater of nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the signal of the projection on perpendicular of nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace according to an embodiment of the invention
Figure；
Fig. 5 is the flow chart of nickel matte bottom blowing converting process according to an embodiment of the invention.
Nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace 1, body of heater 10, furnace chamber 101, charge door 102, slag-drip opening 103, high nickel matte floss hole 104, go out
Mouth 105, spray gun jack 106, Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20, bracket 30, backing ring 40, gear ring 50, drive device 60, nickel matte layer C1, blowing
Slag blanket C2, L1 nickel matte liquidus, L2 blowing slag liquid lines.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention are described below in detail, the example of the embodiment is shown in the drawings, wherein from beginning to end
Same or similar label represents same or similar element or the element with same or like function.Below with reference to attached
The embodiment of figure description is exemplary, it is intended to for explaining the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
In the description of the invention, it is to be understood that term " " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " length ", " width ",
" thickness ", " on ", " under ", "front", "rear", "left", "right", " vertical ", " level ", " top ", " bottom " " interior ", " outer ", " up time
The orientation or position relationship of the instruction such as pin ", " counterclockwise " are based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, are for only for ease of
Description is of the invention to be described with simplified, rather than the device or element of instruction or hint meaning must be with specific orientation, Yi Te
Fixed azimuth configuration and operation, therefore be not considered as limiting the invention.
In addition, term " first ", " second " are only used for describing purpose, and it is not intended that instruction or hint relative importance
Or the implicit quantity for indicating indicated technical characteristic.Thus, define " first ", the feature of " second " can be expressed or
Implicitly include one or more this feature.In the description of the invention, " multiple " are meant that two or more,
Unless otherwise specifically defined.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " connected ", " connection ", " fixation " etc.
Term should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be being fixedly connected or being detachably connected, or be integrally connected；It can be machine
Tool connects or electrical connection；Can be joined directly together, can also be indirectly connected by intermediary, can be two members
Connection inside part.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term can be understood in this hair as the case may be
Concrete meaning in bright.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, fisrt feature second feature it " on " or it " under "
Can directly it be contacted including the first and second features, it is not directly to contact but pass through it that can also include the first and second features
Between other characterisation contact.Moreover, fisrt feature second feature " on ", " top " and " above " to include first special
Sign is directly over second feature and oblique upper, or is merely representative of fisrt feature level height and is higher than second feature.Fisrt feature exists
Second feature " under ", " lower section " and " following " fisrt feature that includes are immediately below second feature and obliquely downward, or be merely representative of
Fisrt feature level height is less than second feature.
It should be noted that：For ease of describing and understanding, nickel matte mentioned in the present invention, high nickel matte, low nickel matte
Implication and its usual implication it is otherwise varied.In nickel matte bottom blowing converting process of the present invention, in nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace
Melt be divided into up and down two layers, upper strata be blowing slag blanket, lower floor is nickel matte layer.Nickel matte mentioned in the present invention is refered in particular in nickel matte layer
Nickel matte, with high nickel matte mentioned in the present invention, low nickel matte be coordination rather than comprising/by inclusion relation.Carried in the present invention
To low nickel matte be a kind of material into nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace, the material becomes after being melted in nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace
Nickel matte described in the present invention, no longer referred to as low nickel matte；High nickel matte mentioned in the present invention is discharged from nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace
Product, the product are still referred to as nickel matte, rather than high nickel matte when not yet discharging.
Nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace according to embodiments of the present invention and nickel matte bottom blowing blowing work are described with reference to figure 1-5 first below
Skill.Nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace according to embodiments of the present invention can be used for performing nickel matte bottom blowing blowing according to embodiments of the present invention
Technique, it is to be understood that nickel matte bottom-blown smelting technique according to embodiments of the present invention is not limited to use according to of the invention real
Apply the nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace of the description of example.
As shown in figure 1, nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace 1 according to embodiments of the present invention includes body of heater 10 and Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20.
Body of heater 10 is interior to have furnace chamber 101, and body of heater 10, which has, to be used to add adding for the material comprising low nickel matte into furnace chamber 101
Material mouth 102, for discharging the blowing slag-drip opening 103 of slag, the high nickel matte floss hole 104 for discharging high nickel matte, for discharging cigarette
The outlet flue 105 of gas and the spray gun jack 106 for being located at the bottom of body of heater 10.Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20 is inserted into spray gun jack 106, is used for
Oxygen-containing gas is continuously blown into melt into furnace chamber 101.
Nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace according to embodiments of the present invention, nickel matte can be blown by bottom blowing oxygen-containing gas,
Good environmental protection, pollution reduce, and caused exhaust gas volumn is few, and concentration is stable, and high nickel matte quality is high, can be to various smelting furnace outputs
Low nickel matte handled, can be blown with serialization, efficiency improves, the liquid that can blow and the low nickel matte of solid-state, and applicability is high.
The material added into furnace chamber 101 can be low nickel matte and flux, it is preferable that can also be added by charge door 102
Enter caused various nickeliferous intermediate materials or outsourcing nickel-containing material in smelting process（It is referred to as cold burden）, can both make full use of and blow
Caused chemical reaction heat saves the energy during refining, is easy to stable regulation and control blowing temperature again, reduces energy consumption and blowing
Cost, further expand the technique scope of application.
Alternatively, charge door 102 can be divided into for the first charge door that low nickel matte and flux are added into furnace chamber 101 and
For adding the second charge door of cold burden into furnace chamber 101.More specifically, the first charge door can be separated into low nickel matte charge door
With flux charge door.Preferably, charge door 102 can be same opening with outlet flue 105, thus reduce the opening of body of heater 10
Quantity, reduce manufacturing cost.Alternatively, outlet flue 105 can share one with any one in the first and second charge doors and open
Mouthful, or outlet flue 105 can be shared with any one or more in low nickel matte charge door, flux charge door, cold burden charge door
One opening.
As shown in figure 1, in some embodiments of the invention, spray gun jack 106 can be multiple and multiple spray gun jacks
106 can form in the bottom of body of heater 10 at interval, it is to be understood that term " bottom " here should broadly understood, bag
Include below the horizontal center line X of body of heater 10 any suitable position, it is preferable that spray gun close to the underface of body of heater 10, below
It will be described in more detail.Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20 can be that multiple and multiple Bottom Blowing Ejection Guns 20 can respectively correspondingly be inserted into multiple sprays
In rifle jack 106, i.e. a Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20 is inserted into a spray gun jack 106.It is possible thereby to by oxygen-containing gas more
Add and be equably blown into nickel matte layer C1, so as to further optimize the working of a furnace of converting process.Here, oxygen-containing gas should do broad sense reason
Solution, such as including pure oxygen, oxygen rich gas and oxygen-containing air etc..Preferably, oxygen-containing gas is oxygen-enriched air, such as oxygen concentration exists
More than 70% oxygen-enriched air.Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20 can be located at below the horizontal center line X of the body of heater 10 of nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace 1.
Specifically, the stokehold pressure of the oxygen-containing gas can be 0.2MPa-0.8MPa.Further, it is described oxygenous
The stokehold pressure of body can be 0.4MPa-0.6MPa.
The oxygen concentration of the oxygen-containing gas can be 20%-99.6%.Further, the oxygen concentration of the oxygen-containing gas
Can be 30%-75%.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, body of heater 10 can be rotatable cylindrical horizontal container.By turning
Dynamic body of heater 10, it easily can change and repair Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20, and maintenance fire door or furnace lining etc..
As shown in figure 1, nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace 1 further comprises bracket 30, backing ring 40, gear ring 50 and drive device 60.
Backing ring 40 is set on body of heater 10 and is rotatably supported on bracket 30.Gear ring 50 is set on the outer surface of body of heater 10.
Drive device 60 is connected with gear ring 50, to be rotated by driven gear ring 50 to drive body of heater 10 to rotate.Drive device 60 for example may be used
With including motor, the decelerator being connected with motor can install gear on the output shaft of decelerator, gear engaged with gear ring 50 with
Driven gear ring 50 rotates.Body of heater 10 rotates under the drive of gear ring 50 on bracket 30, because body of heater 10 can rotate, is easy to
Change Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20 and other operations.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the angle α between Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20 and direction straight up can be in -120 degree to+120
In the range of degree, i.e. -120 degree≤α≤+ 120 are spent.In other words, the emission direction of Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20 with straight up direction it
Between angle -120 degree to+120 degree in the range of.As shown in Figures 2 and 3, from the blowing direction edge of Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20 counterclockwise
Direction to direction straight up angle α for just, from the blowing direction of Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20 along clockwise direction to straight up
The angle α in direction be negative.
More specifically, the angle α between Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20 and direction straight up can be in -60 degree to+60 degree models
In enclosing, i.e. -60 degree≤α≤+ 60 are spent.Advantageously, the angle between Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20 and direction straight up -30 degree to+
In the range of 30 degree, i.e. -30 degree≤α≤+ 30 are spent.It is possible thereby to improve blowing effect.
In optional embodiment of the present invention, Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20 and the axially direction for being orthogonal to body of heater 10（That is in Fig. 4
Vertical direction）Between angle β -30 degree to+30 degree in the range of.It is highly preferred that angle β is 0 degree, the i.e. edge of Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20
Vertical direction orients.
According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, oxygen-containing gas is continuously blown in the nickel matte layer C1 of melt by Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20, under
Beneficial technique effect will be described in detail in face.
Nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace according to embodiments of the present invention, it can be used for handling the low nickel that various smelting furnace meltings obtain
Sulfonium.Advantageously, the low nickel matte of nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace according to embodiments of the present invention processing solid-state.
Nickel matte bottom blowing converting process according to embodiments of the present invention is described referring to Fig. 5 combinations Fig. 1-4.As shown in figure 5,
Nickel matte bottom blowing converting process according to embodiments of the present invention comprises the following steps：
Low nickel matte and flux are added in furnace chamber 101；Using Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20 from the bottom of body of heater 10 into furnace chamber 101
Melt in be continuously blown oxygen-containing gas；With discharged respectively out of furnace chamber 101 high nickel matte and blowing slag.
Nickel matte bottom blowing converting process according to embodiments of the present invention, blown by using Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun from the nickel matte bottom blowing
The bottom of stove is continuously blown oxygen-containing gas in the melt into nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace, it is possible to achieve continuous converting, efficiency is improved,
Cost is reduced, and exhaust gas volumn is few, and flue gas concentration is stable, and flue gas effusion is few, good environmental protection, reduces pollution, and blow product
The quality of high nickel matte is high.
Refer to it is to be appreciated that being continuously blown oxygen-containing gas into furnace chamber 101：During normal production, uninterruptedly continuously blow
Oxygen-containing gas is sent, can avoid damaging Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20, certainly, when the failure of nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace or normal maintenance,
Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20 is also required to stopping and blowed.
Compared with the periodically side-blown oxygen-containing gas of traditional PS converter, unit interval air output reduces, unit interval exhaust gas volumn
Small, heat endurance is good, and converting process is low with blowing fume treatment process cost and energy consumption, efficiency high.
Advantageously, oxygen-containing gas is continuously blown the nickel matte layer C1 in furnace chamber 101 by Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20 from the bottom of body of heater 10
It is interior.
As shown in figure 1, in furnace chamber 101, melt can be divided into two parts（Two-phase）：Nickel matte layer C1 and blowing slag blanket C2,
L1, L2 are nickel matte metal line and blowing slag liquid upper thread respectively.
The beneficial effect that oxygen-containing gas is continuously blowed into nickel matte layer is：In the nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace, nickel matte
Layer C1, by being continuously blown oxygen-containing gas to nickel matte layer C1 bottoms, can preferably stir melt below blowing slag blanket C2,
Distribution of the optimization blowing gas in melt, extends the oxygen being blown into holdup time in nickel matte layer C1, and reaction is more abundant,
While using gas effective cooling protection spray gun is blown into, the utilization rate of blowing oxygen is improved, this can reduce oxygen-containing gas
Dosage, reduce cost.Additionally due to bottom is continuously blown oxygen-containing gas reaction can be made more abundant, it is oxygen-containing so as to avoid
Gas wastes, and this can reduce the dosage of oxygen-containing gas, further reduce cost.
Moreover, by being continuously blown oxygen-containing gas into nickel matte layer, the oxygen gesture highest of nickel matte layer bottom can be made, by lower
Upper oxygen gesture progressively declines, and this not only improves the impurity element that will be mixed in nickel matte layer（Zn, Pb etc.）Oxidation removes, and is advantageous to again
Suppress oxidation and the Fe of nickel3O4Growing amount, prevent Fe3O4The generation of precipitation and foamed slag.By continuous into the nickel matte layer
Oxygen-containing gas is blown into, furnace temperature can be made stable, the shortcomings that converter discontinuous running temperature fluctuation is excessive is overcome, be advantageous to significantly
The service life of the nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace is improved, reduces refractory consumption rate and maintenance load, so as to reduce refining
Nickel cost.And the nickel matte bottom blowing converting process can make the SO in exhaust gas volumn and flue gas2Stable content is balanced, and body of heater is not required to
Often to rotate, so that air leak rate of air curtain declines to a great extent, overcome converter discontinuous running exhaust gas volumn and smoke components fluctuate big lack
Point, is advantageous to relieving haperacidity, reduces acid plant investment and operating cost.
Advantageously, after low nickel matte is added in furnace chamber 101 the high nickel matte that blows out, first the high nickel matte in part is discharged.Then
Improve and add ratio of the low nickel matte with being blown into the oxygen that blown in nickel matte layer C1 in furnace chamber 101, can be by the nickel in the slag that blows, cobalt, copper
Deslagging after magnetic iron content reduces in oxide portions reduction, slag Deng valuable metal, so as to reduce the viscosity of blowing slag, reduce
The valuable metal content such as nickel, reduces deslagging operation intensity in blowing slag, improves the security of deslagging operation.
In some embodiments of the invention, the low nickel matte can be the low nickel matte of solid-state.In other words, the low nickel matte can
To be added in solid form in furnace chamber 101.It is low that nickel matte bottom blowing converting process according to embodiments of the present invention can handle solid-state
Nickel matte, and by adding the low nickel matte of solid-state into the nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace, can more easily, accurately to low nickel
The addition of sulfonium is measured and controlled, and can more easily, accurately control low nickel matte and oxygen-containing gas（Oxygen amount）
Amount ratio.It is possible thereby to more easily control converting process.Such as in some embodiments of the invention, by accurately
Control low nickel matte and oxygen-containing gas（Oxygen amount）Amount ratio, low nickel matte enter furnace chamber 101 in i.e. is blown to meet high nickel matte product
The nickel matte and blowing slag of matter requirement, in this case, high nickel matte quality is high, and impurity is low.Due to low nickel can be accurately controlled
The amount ratio of sulfonium and oxygen-containing gas, so as to avoid causing the excessive of nickel matte peroxidating formation because oxygen-containing gas sprays into excessively
Nickel, which is oxidized, enters clinker reduction blowing direct yield, avoids the peroxidating of iron in clinker from producing excessive Armco magnetic iron and forms foamed slag
There is security incident, can also avoid causing the blowing high nickel matte of product to contain excessive impurity because oxygen-containing gas penetrating is very few
（Iron, sulfonium etc.）The stable operation of subsequent technique is influenceed, so as to be created for converting process safe and stable operation and product quality guarantee
Preferably condition.
Specifically, the low nickel matte of liquid caused by Ni-B alloy can be entered broken water-filling, dry granulation or cooling after crush so as to
Obtain the low nickel matte of solid-state.
The low nickel matte of the solid-state can pass through feeding chute or charging chute adds nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace 1, the solid-state
Low nickel matte can also be by airflow blow to nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace 1.It is possible thereby to more easily, easily will be described solid
The low nickel matte of state is added in the nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace.Advantageously, the low nickel matte of the solid-state can be added continuously nickel matte bottom
Blow in converting furnace 1.It is possible thereby to the low nickel matte of continuous treatment, with reference to continuous oxygen blast, further improves treatment effeciency.
As described above, the angle α between the injection direction of Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20 and direction straight up can be in -120 degree
To+120 degree.Preferably, the angle α between the injection direction of Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20 and direction straight up can be with
In the range of -60 degree to+60 degree.Advantageously, the angle α between the injection direction of Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20 and direction straight up
In the range of -30 degree to+30 degree.It is understood that when the volume of nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace 1 is big, the melt of processing is more,
Angle α can be larger, conversely, angle α can be worn with smaller in order to avoid blowing, cause oxygen-containing gas to waste, and influence the effect that blows.
According to one embodiment of present invention, axial direction of the Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 20 with being orthogonal to the nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace
Direction between angle β -30 degree to+30 degree in the range of.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the angle β is 0 degree.
Nickel matte bottom blowing converting process according to embodiments of the present invention can also include adding in smelting process into furnace chamber 101
Caused various nickeliferous intermediate materials or outsourcing nickel-containing material（It is referred to as cold burden）, can both make full use of in converting process and produce
Chemical reaction heat save the energy, be easy to again stable regulation and control blowing temperature, reduce energy consumption and blowing cost, further expand
The big technique scope of application.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the flux can be the mixture and quartz of quartz, quartz and lime
At least one of with the mixture of lime stone.It is smaller as erosion of the acid slag that flux is produced to furnace lining using quartz,
But acid slag stickiness is big, mobility is poor, the metal sulfide such as nickel for being mingled with is higher in the slag that causes to blow, and easily produces foam
Slag, influence production safety.To solve the problems, such as acid slag, the present invention proposes the mixture or quartz using quartz and lime again
This blowing slag is referred to as faintly acid slag by the mixture of stone and lime stone as flux slag making, the present invention.Using faintly acid slag both
Energy keeps the aggressivity to furnace lining smaller, and and can improves the mobility of slag to a certain extent, reduces nickel matte being mingled with slag,
And the risk of foamed slag can be reduced, it is preferred technical scheme.
Preferably, the blowing slag can continuously be discharged by overflow manner.It is of course also possible to it is interrupted by overflow manner
Discharge, or the intermittent discharge by way of the perforating on body of heater 10.
Preferably, the high nickel matte can continuously be discharged by siphon mode.It is of course also possible to it is interrupted by siphon mode
Discharge, or the intermittent discharge by way of the perforating on body of heater 10.
In some examples of the present invention, the blowing temperature in nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace 1 can be 1150 degree Celsius -1330
Degree Celsius, maintain the progress of converting process.Advantageously, the blowing temperature in nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace 1 can be 1200 degrees Celsius-
1280 degrees Celsius, more safely maintain the progress of converting process.In addition, converting process according to embodiments of the present invention, Ke Yixiang
Nitrogen is sprayed into nickel matte layer in nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace 1, to stir melt, improves blowing effect and high nickel matte quality.
Nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace and nickel matte bottom blowing converting process according to embodiments of the present invention, it is possible to achieve nickel matte it is continuous
Blowing, caused exhaust gas volumn is few, and concentration is stable, environmental protection, high nickel matte stay in grade, and blow efficiency high, and cost is low, use range
Extensively.
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show
The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or the spy for combining the embodiment or example description
Point is contained at least one embodiment or example of the present invention.In this manual, to the schematic representation of above-mentioned term not
Necessarily refer to identical embodiment or example.Moreover, specific features, structure, material or the feature of description can be any
One or more embodiments or example in combine in an appropriate manner.
Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example
Property, it is impossible to limitation of the present invention is interpreted as, one of ordinary skill in the art is not departing from the principle and objective of the present invention
In the case of above-described embodiment can be changed within the scope of the invention, change, replace and modification.
Claims (17)
1. a kind of nickel matte bottom blowing converting process, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Low nickel matte and flux are added in nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace；
Using Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun from the bottom of the nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace in melt into the nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace it is continuous
It is blown into oxygen-containing gas；With
Discharge high nickel matte and blowing slag respectively out of described nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace,
Also include adding cold burden into the nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace,
The low nickel matte is the low nickel matte of solid-state, and the flux is quartz, the mixture of quartz and lime and quartz and stone
At least one of mixture of lime stone, the blowing temperature in the nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace is 1150-1330 degrees Celsius, described
The stokehold pressure of oxygen-containing gas is 0.2-0.8Mpa.
2. nickel matte bottom blowing converting process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the oxygen-containing gas is continuously blown into
In the nickel matte layer of the melt.
3. nickel matte bottom blowing converting process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the low nickel matte of the solid-state is slipped by charging
Pipe or charging chute are added in the nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace or by airflow blow to the nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace.
4. nickel matte bottom blowing converting process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the low nickel matte of the solid-state by continuously plus
Enter in the nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace.
5. nickel matte bottom blowing converting process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun is located at the nickel matte
Below the horizontal center line of the body of heater of bottom blowing converting furnace.
6. nickel matte bottom blowing converting process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun with straight up
Angle α between direction is in the range of -120 degree to+120 degree.
7. nickel matte bottom blowing converting process according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun with straight up
Angle α between direction is in the range of -60 degree to+60 degree.
8. nickel matte bottom blowing converting process according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun with straight up
Angle α between direction is in the range of -30 degree to+30 degree.
9. nickel matte bottom blowing converting process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun is described with being orthogonal to
Angle β between the axially direction of nickel matte bottom blowing converting furnace is in the range of -30 degree to+30 degree.
10. nickel matte bottom blowing converting process according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the angle β is 0 degree.
11. nickel matte bottom blowing converting process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the blowing slag passes through overflow manner
Continuous discharge.
12. nickel matte bottom blowing converting process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the high nickel matte passes through siphon mode
Continuous discharge.
13. nickel matte bottom blowing converting process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the blowing temperature is 1200-1280
Degree Celsius.
14. nickel matte bottom blowing converting process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the stokehold pressure of the oxygen-containing gas
For 0.4-0.6MPa.
15. nickel matte bottom blowing converting process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the oxygen concentration of the oxygen-containing gas
For 20-99.6%.
16. nickel matte bottom blowing converting process according to claim 15, it is characterised in that the oxygen concentration of the oxygen-containing gas
For 30-75%.
17. nickel matte bottom blowing converting process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun is also to the nickel
Nitrogen is sprayed into melt in sulfonium bottom blowing converting furnace.
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| CN112030006B (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2022-05-31 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Furnace screening method suitable for nickel matte converting reduction furnace |
| CN111961880B (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2022-07-22 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Method for producing metallized nickel anode plate by using bottom blowing furnace |
| CN113481380A (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2021-10-08 | 包头华鼎铜业发展有限公司 | Full-thermal-state continuous bottom blowing copper smelting method and equipment |
| CN113999991A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-02-01 | 金川镍钴研究设计院有限责任公司 | Method for producing high-nickel matte by smelting ferronickel from laterite-nickel ore and continuously vulcanizing and converting |
| CN113957265A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-01-21 | 金川镍钴研究设计院有限责任公司 | Process and system for producing high-nickel matte by continuously converting laterite smelting low-nickel matte |
| CN114934194A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-08-23 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | Process for carrying out nickel alloy vulcanization smelting by using oxygen cyclone rotary furnace |
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