CN104015735B - Train system taking gravity as main force application source for accelerating and braking as well as running method thereof - Google Patents
Train system taking gravity as main force application source for accelerating and braking as well as running method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104015735B CN104015735B CN201310066334.4A CN201310066334A CN104015735B CN 104015735 B CN104015735 B CN 104015735B CN 201310066334 A CN201310066334 A CN 201310066334A CN 104015735 B CN104015735 B CN 104015735B
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61B—RAILWAY SYSTEMS; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B61B13/00—Other railway systems
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T1/00—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles
- B60T1/02—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels
- B60T1/10—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels by utilising wheel movement for accumulating energy, e.g. driving air compressors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61C—LOCOMOTIVES; MOTOR RAILCARS
- B61C13/00—Locomotives or motor railcars characterised by their application to special systems or purposes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61C—LOCOMOTIVES; MOTOR RAILCARS
- B61C7/00—Other locomotives or motor railcars characterised by the type of motive power plant used; Locomotives or motor railcars with two or more different kinds or types of motive power
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D61/00—Brakes with means for making the energy absorbed available for use
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T30/00—Transportation of goods or passengers via railways, e.g. energy recovery or reducing air resistance
Abstract
The invention discloses a gravity train system, and in particular relates to a train system taking gravity as main force application source for accelerating and braking as well as a running method of the system. The gravity train system comprises a gravity train and a gravity train track, wherein the gravity train comprises a gravity train carriage which can run on a line with a high gradient and a long ramp, and a running resistance balancing engine with low power; the gravity train track comprises a steep long downhill gradient, a steep long uphill gradient, a middle transitional channel, a station track and a gravity starting track; a horizontal plane passing through the lowest point of the middle transitional channel is taken as a reference plane, so that the heights of the upper ends of the steep long downhill gradient and the steep long uphill gradient which are above the reference plane are the same. The acceleration thrust for gravity train running is mainly obtained by doing positive work on the basis of the gravity, namely converting the gravity potential energy into dynamic energy, and the deceleration braking of the gravity train is mainly realized by doing negative work on the basis of the gravity, namely converting the dynamic energy into the gravity potential energy, so that energy consumption can be greatly reduced.
Description
Technical field
It is the present invention relates to train technical field more particularly to a kind of with gravity to accelerate and braking the train in main force source
System and its operation method.
Background technology
During train driving, if forward thrust is equal to running resistance, train at the uniform velocity advances；If forward thrust is more than operation
Resistance, train acceleration is advanced, and here will promote train to accelerate this part of power advanced to be referred to as train acceleration thrust.
The train running resistance including train operation datum drag (as bearing resistance, rolling resistance, resistance to sliding,
Shock and vibration resistance, air drag etc.) and operation additional drag (such as curve circuit, tunnel run when add resistance
Power).Research points out that, when train travels at the uniform speed speed 70km/h, Unit basic resistance is 5.1N/kN.According to another report, according to ground
Ferrum train running resistance formula Theoretical Calculation, in 70km/h, unit running resistance is 4~5kg/t to train speed, with actual survey
Amount result is coincide.I.e. usually not be subject to other additional frictions in the case of, for balance train running resistance thrust about
For 5/1000ths of its weight.
The train accelerates thrust, F is set to, from Newton's second law：F=ma, m are train weight, and a adds for train
Speed.Also by taking subway as an example, subway gives it the gun brief acceleration about 1.0m/s2.The train accelerates thrust to be about its weight
1/10th, usual train accelerates thrust to be far longer than the thrust for balancing train running resistance.Save train and accelerate thrust
It is one of key of train energy-saving.
British George from 1814. it is nearly two century-old so far that Stefansson invention is referred to as the steam locomotive of " buskin "
Come, or from 1863, in the world first bar subterranean railway " London metropolis railway " was opened so far over nearly in 1 hundred 50, train
Electromotor（Such as steam engine, internal combustion engine, motor, so that linear electric motors）All the time it is the main force source of train acceleration thrust,
It is exactly that train accelerates to be converted into based on kinetic energy with heat energy, chemical energy, electric energy from the angle analysis of energy.
The mankind are known that downhill path is conducive to vehicle to accelerate from the carriage epoch.This general knowledge, for a long time in underground railway track
Also embody in laying, referred to as accelerating grade（Or economical grade）, i.e. some interchange of position are slightly higher, via a short section when train is leaving from station
Common distance is sailed again in downhill path into, can save a part of locomotive engines for accelerate energy.It is such as a kind of more authoritative
Accelerating grade is designed：Train reaches target velocity via the acceleration ramp that one section of the outbound end gradient is -22 ‰--26 ‰, long 250m
80km/h, it is possible to decrease locomotive engines draw power consumption about 20%~25%.It represents the model of accelerating grade technology, also almost
The upper limit of accelerating grade energy-saving efficiency is reached.Limit the reason for accelerating grade energy-saving efficiency is further improved and asked with some prior arts
Topic is relevant, is now described below：
1st, the accelerating grade gradient is little.The acceleration that component of the gravity in the direction of the gradient -22 ‰--26 ‰ can be generated in upper example
About 0.21-0.25m/s2, and the train accelerates to acceleration needed for target velocity 80km/h about through 250m accelerating grades
0.99m/s2, accelerating grade can only produce in required acceleration very small part and then can only reduce wherein that very small part energy consumption is such as
20%~25%.
2nd, traditional subway railway car floor is fixed（Fix with carriage chassis and/or four walls）.Therefore its compartment ground
Plate moves towards parallel with track all the time in train operation way, and track grade is big can to cause the passenger to bow, face upward, discomfort in riding, no
Steadily.Conventional art just has strict restriction to line slope size.Such as according to country《Metro design code》（2003 editions）, just
The ruling grade of line is not preferably greater than 30 ‰.
3rd, accelerating grade ramp is short.Accelerating grade length is generally 200~300m in prior art, and gravity is along accelerating grade direction
Component it is short to train effect distance, acting is few；The gradient is little, and ramp is short, and the change of circuit elevation is little, and whole accelerating grade can be converted
Gravitional force for kinetic energy is just very limited.
4th, locomotive engines are the main force sources that train accelerates thrust in prior art design specification.Arrange in prior art
Car accelerates still to be converted into based on kinetic energy with the energy for consuming a large amount of other forms, is only accounted for wherein very for kinetic energy by transform gravitational energy
A little part, accelerating grade only plays supporting role's effect.Locomotive engines accelerate the master of thrust as train in prior art design specification
The source that exerts a force also is restricted accelerating grade ramp length, is such as -30 ‰ in the accelerating grade gradient with certain existing train identical
Under the conditions of computer simulation experiment prove, the accelerating grade of the 400m length few energy-conservation 5%~8% of accelerating grade longer than 300m on the contrary.It is existing
Accelerating grade ramp is usually no more than 200~300m in technology.
Research report points out, " the maximum section of power consumption values is outbound accelerating grade section when subway train runs, the section
Emphasis mould pseudoreduced link when being energy consumption calculation." --- accelerating grade section is the maximum section of power consumption values, on the one hand proves to add
Fast slope energy-conservation itself is limited, accelerates main force source to give it the gun in train as train while also disclosing conventional train electromotor
When consume big energy, this point should be used as studying one of crucial point of penetration of train energy-saving problem.
Train braking removes the process of train momentum with brake force.According to prior art train braking mainly using machinery
Frictional force, electromagnetic force etc. remove train momentum, are converted into heat energy（Dissipate）Or electric energy（Store）, main mode of braking has：Lock
Watt braking, disc braking, magnetic rail braking, High-Speed Eddy Braking, rotating vortex work(, resistive braking, regenerative braking, fluid power system
Dynamic, contra-steam braking etc..Mechanical friction, electromagnetic force etc. are that braking force of train mainly exerts a force source in prior art, are embodied in the above
In various traditional braking modes；Speed-reduction slope is set in some station station entrances as a kind of supplementary mode（Also known as economical grade）, i.e.,
Train by entering the station before short section light grade upward trend, the sub-fraction kinetic energy of train is converted into gravitional force, reduces speed,
Save sub-fraction braking energy consumption.Why the speed-reduction slope can only be converted into very limited sub-fraction train momentum has very much
The gravitional force of limit, because the speed-reduction slope gradient is little（Less than 30 ‰）, ramp it is short（200—300m）, circuit elevation change
It is little, it is substantially relevant with the prior art problem such as conventional train structure, track circuit design specification, traditional braking mode, with
Above to the analysis of the accelerating grade, referring to above-mentioned, it is not repeated herein.
The content of the invention
（One）The technical problem to be solved
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is：There is provided a kind of with gravity to accelerate and braking the train system in main force source
System and its operation method so that train accelerates that a large amount of heat energy, chemical energy, electricity need not be expended as main force source using electromotor again
Can wait so that train braking does not additionally and briefly rely on traditional braking mode using mechanical friction, electromagnetic force etc. as main force source
Ramp to stop so that energy is saved in train operation.
（Two）Technical scheme
To solve the above problems, on the one hand, the invention provides a kind of with gravity to accelerate and braking main force source
Train system, including：Gravity train and gravity train rail,
The gravity train includes：
Gravity railway car, there is one or some section, for running the gradient is big, on the circuit of ramp length；
Balance movement resistance electromotor, for producing operation unrelated with line slope in the gravity train operation is balanced
The power of resistance；
The gravity train rail includes：
Platform track, including outbound end and end of entering the station, for stopping for the gravity train, starting；
Steep long gug, upper end be connected with the outbound end when next stop platform track, for formation supply the gravity train according to
Positive work is done by gravity to achieve the goal along the steep long gug Accelerating running gradient and length of speed；
Steep long up gradient, upper end be connected with the end of entering the station of next stop platform track, for formation supply the gravity train according to
By gravity negative work is done along the steep long up gradient retarding braking to the gradient and length for stopping at next stop platform track；
Middle transition passage, is connected between the lower end of the lower end of the steep long gug and the steep long up gradient, water
It is flat to arrange or only have beneficial to lower slightly slight slope ± 2~3 ‰ in track drainage central authorities；
Wherein, the horizontal plane with the minimum point through the middle transition passage is as reference plane, the steep long gug
Upper end and the steep long up gradient both upper ends it is highly identical more than the reference plane.
Preferably, the steep long gug and steep long up gradient are respectively between the platform track and middle transition passage
It is in smoothing junction.
Preferably, the platform track has a gradient of forward downward near the part at the outbound end, described to front lower
The gravity train that the gradient of side is formed is less than the running resistance of the gravity train in the weight component of traffic direction, is used for
The gravity train by this forward downward the gradient by the balance movement resistance electromotor dynamic start；Or the station
Platform track is gravity-actuated track near the part at the outbound end, and the gravity-actuated track is used for the gravity train at it
On by gravity-actuated.
Preferably, the rear end of the gravity-actuated track passes through balland socket joint sample away from one end of the steep long gug
Structure is rotatably connected with platform track, and the one end of the gravity-actuated track front end i.e. towards the steep long gug can rise
Drop is arranged；The operating position of the gravity-actuated track includes that horizontally disposed first operating position and forward downward are inclined
The second operating position；The gravity-actuated track its front end at the first operating position is located at the steep long gug upper end
Top, the gravity-actuated track its front end at the second operating position is smooth with the steep long gug upper end to dock.
Preferably, the gravity-actuated track supported underneath has lifting support structure, for described to realize by lifting
Gravity-actuated track is rotated upwardly and downwardly around the balland socket joint spline structure, between first operating position and the second operating position
Switching.
Preferably, the gravity-actuated track lower section is additionally provided with damping device.
Preferably, the gravity train rail is the mixing rail of underground trajectory, overhead trajectory, underground cable and overhead route
The mixed track or above-ground route and the mixed track of overhead route of road, above-ground route and underground cable.
Preferably, the gravity railway car include car body be flexibly connected with the car body adjustablely
Plate and/or with the car body fix the safety seat with seat belt and control device, the control device according to
The levelness of the gravity railway car is adjusted the adjustable floor to the levelness of setting.
Preferably, by located at the adjustable floor fore-and-aft direction between the adjustable floor and the car body
Middle part transverse axis connection, the axial direction of the transverse axis is parallel with the chassis of car body and traffic direction with gravity train is vertical
Directly, the adjustable floor can be rotated around the transverse axis.
Preferably, the gravity train also includes sensor, for being generated according to the levelness of the gravity railway car
Corresponding levelness signal is simultaneously sent to the control device.
Preferably, the car body inwall is provided with snap device, described steep for being located in the gravity railway car
When long gug or the steep long up gradient, buckle is carried out to the adjustable floor after the regulation spacing.
Preferably, the gravity train rail also includes being arranged on the change slope advertiser near slope change position, uses
Slope change signal is sent in the control device to the gravity train that will enter slope change section.
On the other hand, present invention also offers a kind of operation method of above-mentioned train system, comprises the following steps：
Gravity train rolls platform track away from by when the outbound end of next stop platform track, reaches steep long gug；
Under the gradient effect of the steep long gug, gravity produces the acceleration weight along traffic direction to the gravity train
Force component, gravity train Accelerating running in the presence of the acceleration weight component, to middle transition passage, achieves the goal
Speed；
In the presence of the power that balance movement resistance electromotor is produced, the gravity train is in the middle transition passage
The purpose speed is kept to travel at the uniform speed to the steep long up gradient；
Under the gradient effect of the steep long up gradient, gravity produces the deceleration weight along traffic direction to the gravity train
Force component, the gravity train runs slowly until stopping at the platform rail of the next stop in the presence of the deceleration weight component
On road.
（Three）Beneficial effect
Gravity train of the present invention accelerates or braking relies primarily on gravity and does positive work or do negative work, i.e. transform gravitational energy
It is that kinetic energy or kinetic energy are converted into gravitional force.
Gravity train acceleration of the present invention is different from conventional train, and conventional train acceleration relies primarily on locomotive engines and disappears
Consume a large amount of heat energy, chemical energy or electric energy and be converted into kinetic energy.Gravity train of the present invention need not be used as the main force source of acceleration
Locomotive engines, the electromotor of the gravity train is the balance movement resistance electromotor, the train operation of required balance
Resistance is very little compared with train accelerates thrust, and the balance movement resistance electromotor is less than conventional train engine power, acting
It is few；The gravity train braking is different from conventional train, no longer relies primarily on the power consumption such as mechanical friction, electromagnetic force with by train
Kinetic energy is removed.
According to rule mgh=1/2mv that law of conservation of energy, gravitional force-kinetic energy are mutually converted2(wherein h is with weight
Relative to the height of reference plane, m is mass of object to the object of power potential energy, g is acceleration of gravity, v is speed of moving body),
Gravity railway car of the present invention is conducive to train operation the gradient is larger, the change of circuit elevation using the adjustable floor
Big track, gravitional force-mutually transform into can kinetic energy high-energy in acceleration, braking procedure to make the gravity train
Energy；Both steep long gug described in gravity train rail of the present invention and steep long up gradient upper end is by the middle mistake
Cross more than the reference plane of passage minimum point highly identical, make gravity become the gravity train accelerate and brake it is cheap,
Reusable main force source capable of circulation.
The invention enables big energy is saved in train operation.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the train system according to the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 a are the structure that the gravity-actuated track of the train system according to the embodiment of the present invention is located at the first operating position
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 b are the structure that the gravity-actuated track of the train system according to the embodiment of the present invention is located at the second operating position
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 c are the close-up schematic view in Fig. 2 b at I；
Fig. 3 is the signal being adjusted according to levelness according to the gravity railway car adjustable floor of the embodiment of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram according to the gravity railway car of the embodiment of the present invention when running along steep long gug；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram according to the gravity railway car of the embodiment of the present invention when running along steep long up gradient；
Fig. 6 is the signal that the gravity train of the train system according to the embodiment of the present invention runs on gravity train rail
Figure；
Wherein, 1：Gravity train；2：Platform track；3：Steep long gug；4：Middle transition passage；5：Steep long up gradient；
6：Gravity；7：Accelerate partical gravity；8：Deceleration partical gravity；9：Steep long gug upper end；10：Steep long up gradient upper end；11：Weight
Power starts track；12：Balland socket joint spline structure；13：Pestle；14：Mortar；15：Gravity railway car；16：Gravity-actuated track front end；
17：Lifting supporting mechanism；18：Docking；19：Damping device；20：Horizontal line；21：Carriage chassis；22：Central transverse axis；23：
Adjustable floor leading portion；23(a)：Adjustable floor leading portion is located at the bit planes parallel with carriage chassis；23(b)：It is adjustable
Floor leading portion is adjusted to horizontal plane；23(c)：Adjustable floor leading portion is adjusted to can maintain comfortable light grade by bus to put down
Face；24：Steep long gug lower end；25：Steep long up gradient lower end；26：Adjust support column；27：Adjust support column；28：It is adjustable
Floor；28(a)：Adjustable floor is located at the bit planes parallel with carriage chassis；28(b)：Adjustable floor leading portion is slightly faced upward
When rising；28(c)：Adjustable floor leading portion slightly nutation when；29：Become slope advertiser；30：The elevation angle；31：The angle of depression；32：Fastening machine
Structure；33：Reference plane；34：Steep long gug upper end level；35：Steep long up gradient upper end level.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiment that the present invention is described in detail is as follows.
Embodiment one：
As shown in figs 1 to 6, the present embodiment describes a kind of with gravity to accelerate and braking the train system in main force source
System, including：Gravity train 1 and gravity train rail,
The gravity train 1 includes：
Gravity railway car 15, there is one or some section, for running the gradient is big, on the circuit of ramp length；
Balance movement resistance electromotor (not shown), with circuit in running for the generation balance gravity train 1
The power of the unrelated running resistance of the gradient；
The gravity train rail includes：
Platform track 2, including outbound end and end of entering the station, for stopping, starting for the gravity train 1；
Steep long gug 3, its upper end 9 be connected when the outbound end of next stop platform track 2, arrange for the gravity for formation
Car 1 does positive work and achieves the goal along the steep Accelerating running of long gug 3 gradient and length of speed by gravity；
Steep long up gradient 5, its upper end 10 be connected with the end of entering the station of next stop platform track 2, for formation for the gravity
Train 1 does negative work along the steep retarding braking of long up gradient 5 to the gradient and length for stopping at next stop platform track 2 by gravity
Degree；
Middle transition passage 4, is connected to the lower end 24 of the steep long gug 3 and the lower end 25 of the steep long up gradient 5
Between, it is horizontally disposed with or only has beneficial to lower slightly slight slope ± 2~3 ‰ (not shown) in track drainage central authorities；
Wherein, with the horizontal plane of the minimum point through the middle transition passage 4 as reference plane 33, the steep long descending
The upper end 9 in road 3 is in the height 34 of the reference plane more than 33 and the upper end 10 of the steep long up gradient 5 in the reference plane
More than 33 height 35 is identical.
In this embodiment, it is preferred that, the steep long gug 3 and steep long up gradient 5 are symmetrical arranged, the high phase in slope of the two
Deng, length of grade is equal, gradient absolute value is equal（One is negative value, it is another be on the occasion of）, certainly, in other embodiments of the invention
In, according to needs such as Construction Conditions, the steep long gug 3 and steep long up gradient 5 can also not be symmetrical, as long as gravity
Train 1 can be changed into from the kinetic energy of transform gravitational energy after the steep long gug 3 after the steep long up gradient 5
Zero i.e. whole kinetic energy are converted into gravitional force again, are mutually turned according to law of conservation of energy, gravitional force-kinetic energy in theory
Rule mgh=1/2mv of change2As long as the steep long gug 3 and steep both upper ends 9,10 of long up gradient 5 are flat in the reference
The height 34,35 in face more than 33 is of substantially equal.The described steep long gug 3 and steep long up gradient 5 of the present embodiment is than tradition
Technology existing train rail slope road is steep, long；The concrete numerical value of its gradient size and ramp length, these parameters are related to train fortune
Capable acceleration and the target velocity that can be reached, between being expected that running time or design driving are minimum with reference to distance between sites, interval
Determination is considered every, driving combined factors such as maximum tonnage capacity.
In the present embodiment, smoothly run to ensure gravity train 1, the steep long gug 3 and suddenly long up gradient 5
In smoothing junction between the platform track 2 and middle transition passage 4 respectively, connecting portion circuit is set to suitable vertical curve
Form.
In the present embodiment, the platform track 2 near the part at the outbound end have forward downward the gradient and with
The steep upper end 9 of long gug 3 mutually continues, and the gravity train 1 of the gradient formation of the forward downward is in traffic direction
Weight component occurs not less than the running resistance of the gravity train 1 when being so both unlikely to cause the gravity train 1 to stop
Necessary slip, when being conducive to the gravity train 1 to start again with less power by this gradient by the balance movement
The dynamic start of resistance electromotor；Or the platform track 2 is one section of gravity-actuated track near the part at the outbound end
11, for the gravity train 1 on the gravity-actuated track 11 by gravity-actuated, in the present embodiment, with using described
Illustrate as a example by gravity-actuated track 11.In other embodiments of the invention, the platform track 2 can also be basic water
It is flat to arrange.
As shown in figs. 2 a-2 c, the rear end of the gravity-actuated track 11 passes through away from one end of the steep long gug 3
Balland socket joint spline structure 12 is rotatably connected with platform track 2, is flexibly connected for the other end and makes with mortar 14 with pestle 13 as one end
The gravity-actuated track 11 can slightly rotate up and down and keep the continuity of track with the balland socket joint spline structure 12 as fulcrum
With it is smooth；One end liftable of the front end 16 of the gravity-actuated track 11 i.e. towards the steep long gug 3 is arranged；The gravity
Starting the operating position of track 11 includes horizontally disposed first operating position, and inclined second working position of forward downward
Put, and the gravity train 1 that the inclined gradient of forward downward is formed is arranged in the weight component of traffic direction more than the gravity
Stiction and its running resistance between car 1 and track；The gravity-actuated track 11 its front end at the first operating position
16 tops for being located at the steep upper end 9 of long gug 3, the gravity-actuated track 11 its front end and institute at the second operating position
State the smooth docking 18 in 3 upper end of steep long gug 9.
In the present embodiment, the supported underneath of gravity-actuated track 11 has lifting support structure 17, for by lifting
To realize that the gravity-actuated track 11 is rotated upwardly and downwardly around the balland socket joint spline structure 12, in first operating position and
Switch between two operating positions.
In the present embodiment, the lower section of the gravity-actuated track 11 is additionally provided with damping device 19 so that gravity is opened
When dynamic rail road 11 is rotated down by the first operating position, the second working position can be reached smoothly and without significant shock ground
Put.
When the gravity-actuated track 11 is in the first operating position, its middle part or it is front in arrange for the gravity at 1/3
Rest point is stopped in the front end of car 1, and the supported body 17 of the gravity-actuated track 11 is supported, and the supporting mechanism 17 is in gravity-actuated track
11 locked offices when being maintained at the first operating position lock and do not sink；The gravity-actuated rail after locking office unblock
Road 11 rotates down immediately a low-angle, slightly forward downward and inclines with slightly gentle angular velocity so as near steep long descending
The front end 16 in road 3 dock 18 with the steep upper end 9 of long gug 3, wherein the sinking of the orientation of the supporting mechanism 17 is for front lower
Accurately dock 18 also acts as guide effect to the inclined gravity-actuated track 11 in side with the upper end 9 of the steep long gug 3.
In the present embodiment, the gravity train rail is underground trajectory, overhead trajectory, underground cable and overhead route
The mixed track or above-ground route and the mixed track of overhead route of mixed track, above-ground route and underground cable.
In the present embodiment, the gravity train 1 can be with the premise of with gravity to accelerate and braking main force source
Remain with the structure function of some conventional trains.
As shown in Figures 3 to 5, in the present embodiment, the gravity railway car 15 includes car body and the compartment
Adjustable floor 28 and control device that body is flexibly connected, water of the control device according to the gravity railway car 15
Pingdu is adjusted the adjustable floor 28 to the levelness of setting.
In other embodiments of the invention, the gravity railway car 15 can also be without arranging the adjustable floor
28, but adopt the safety seat with seat belt fixed with the car body；Or can be described adjustable except arranging
Outside formula floor 28, the safety seat is also set up.
In the present embodiment, possesses the length and conventional train of the gravity railway car 15 of the adjustable floor 28
Shorter one is similar or slightly short in all types in compartment.Between the adjustable floor 28 and the car body by located at it is described can
The transverse axis 22 at the middle part of regulating floor 28 connects, the axial direction of the transverse axis 22 it is parallel with the chassis 21 of car body and with gravity train
1 traffic direction is vertical, and the transverse axis 22 is supported by the carriage chassis 21 and/or the compartment two side, described adjustable
The leading portion of formula floor 28 can make similar seesaw sample activity by axle of the transverse axis 22 with back segment in certain angle, and it face upward-is bowed
The angle of activity can be conditioned with the need control.
In the present embodiment, by the transverse axis 22 and the plane parallel with the carriage chassis 21 is referred to as bit planes,
The adjustable floor shown in 28 (a) is located in the bit planes in Fig. 4, Fig. 5, the activity of face upward-bowing of the adjustable floor 28
Angle refer to the leading portion of the adjustable floor 28 and angle folded by the bit planes, when leading portion is slightly steeved it is described adjustablely
Plate 28 (b) is referred to as the elevation angle 30 with the bit planes angle（As shown in Figure 4）, leading portion slightly nutation when the adjustable floor 28
C () is referred to as the angle of depression 31 with the bit planes angle（As shown in Figure 5）.Regulation is provided with the carriage chassis 21 and/or side wall
Support column（Not shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5）With snap device 32, the adjustable floor 28 can be respectively positioned at some different
Face upward-bow angle position；Face upward-the bow force application mechanism of angular transformation of the adjustable floor 28 can be hydraulic pressure, air pressure or other machines
Tool device.
In the present embodiment, the gravity train 1 also includes sensor, such as located at the front and back ends of adjustable floor 28
Change in location sensor, for according to the levelness of the gravity railway car 15 generate corresponding levelness signal and send to
The control device.
As shown in fig. 6, in the present embodiment, the gravity train rail also includes being arranged near slope change position
Become slope advertiser 29, become for sending the gradient to the control device of the gravity train 1 that will enter slope change section
Change signal.
The control device may be located at the computer center of gravity train 1, and the control device can receive from described
The slope change information that sensor and the change slope advertiser 29 from track knick point send, and then regulate and control described adjustable
- angle of depression degree evolution (referring to Fig. 3-Fig. 6) is faced upward on formula floor 28, for example：
When the gravity railway car 15 is located in horizontal rail, the adjustable floor 28 is positioned in and the car
The parallel bit planes in railway carriage or compartment chassis 21；
When the gravity railway car 15 will drive towards gug from horizontal rail, sensor can be detected immediately before vehicle body
Bow trend, computer acquisition slope change information simultaneously to regulation support column 27, the snap device 32 and faces upward-angle of depression degree immediately
Conversion force application mechanism sends instruction, and the adjustable floor 28 (b) is conditioned and is positioned on the corresponding elevation angle 31, makes described adjustable
Formula floor 28 (b) continues to level or maintains one can to maintain within comfortable light grade plane by bus（Than now track
The gradient of circuit is little）, make the sensation taken still comfortable, steady；
When the gravity railway car 15 will be driven towards on up gradient from horizontal rail, sensor can immediately detect vehicle body
Before face upward trend, computer acquisition slope change information and immediately to the regulation support column (not shown), snap device 32
Instruction is sent with angular transformation force application mechanism of face upward-bowing, the adjustable floor 28 (c) is conditioned and is positioned at the corresponding angle of depression 31
On, make the adjustable floor 28 (c) continue to level or maintain one can maintain by bus comfortable light grade plane it
It is interior（It is less than the gradient of now track circuit）, make the sensation taken still comfortable, steady；
When the gravity railway car 15 will drive towards horizontal rail from gug or up gradient, sensor can be detected immediately
Go out body gesture change trend, computer acquisition slope change information and immediately to it is described adjust support column (not shown),
Snap device 32 and angular transformation force application mechanism of face upward-bowing send instruction, the adjustable floor 28 be conditioned be positioned at it is described
In the parallel horizontal bit planes of carriage chassis 21, take and be comfortable on, steadily.
In the present embodiment, the electromotor of the gravity train 1 is the balance movement resistance electromotor（Do not show in figure
Show）, different from the electromotor of conventional train, the balance movement resistance electromotor does not play train and accelerates thrust；It is described flat
Weighing apparatus running resistance electromotor is less than conventional train engine power, for balance during the gravity train 1 runs with line slope
Unrelated running resistance is (including train operation datum drag and other additional drags）, assist to start if necessary.
The relevant data analyzing examples of the present embodiment are given below：
1）The gravity train rail aspect
As described in technical solution of the present invention, the steep long gug 3 and the gradient size of long up gradient 5 and the ramp suddenly are long
Short concrete numerical value, the acceleration that these parameters are related to train operation and the target velocity that can be reached, with reference to distance between sites, area
Between be expected that determination is considered in running time or design driving minimum interval, the driving combined factors such as maximum tonnage capacity.Primarily with respect to
Distance between sites, in the world subway average station distance is from there is two kinds of trend, average 1km of short person or so, average 1.7km of elder or so；
Domestic several city city subway line average 1~1.2km of station spacing or so.With regard to driving a vehicle minimum interval Metro in Paris of France most
85s is newly designed as, its driving maximum tonnage capacity is 40 pairs（Domestic specification proposes also reach within 25 years less than 30 Duis and after building up
To 40 pairs, wherein：Driving maximum tonnage capacity refers to circuit most train numbers that per hour one direction can pass through）.Number of the present invention
According to analysis with distance between sites as 1.2km, using station ground underground trajectory, as a example by estimated running time ＜ 85s of interval,
It is analyzed as follows with reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 a-2c：
The distance between sites AD=1.2km of A, D two in Fig. 1, wherein AF=ED=500m, FE=BC=200m, AB are described steep
Long gug 3, BC is the middle transition passage 4（In the reference plane）, CD is the steep long up gradient 5, AB=CD,
FB=EC（The steep long upward slope is equal to equivalent to the steep upper end 9 of long gug 3 in the height 34 of the reference plane more than 33
Height 35 of the upper end 10 of road 5 in the reference plane more than 33）, FB is also the height of the steep slope terminal of long gug 3
Difference, AF is the horizontal range (500m) of the steep slope terminal of long gug 3, and notebook data analysis example sets the steep long gug
3 gradient is -105.10 ‰（The gradient is the ratio of the difference in height with its horizontal range of slope terminal：FB/AF=-
6 ° of 105.10 ‰, angle FAB ≈）, then the long AB=502.7m of the steep long gug 3, difference in height FB=52.5m of terminal, weigh
Power 6（G=9.8m/s2）In the corresponding acceleration a=1.0m/s of component 7 parallel to the steep long gug 3AB directions2, with this
Acceleration completes the steep long gug 3 as uniformly accelerated motion（AB, 502.7m）Used time 31.3s, reaches end speed 32.1m/s phase
When in 115.5km/h.The gradient of the steep long up gradient 5 is 105.10 ‰, the steep long up gradient 5 also long CD=502.7m.
Sail Jing AB（The steep long gug 3）+ BC（The middle transition passage 4）+ CD（The steep long up gradient 5）The whole used time
68.8s。
It is concrete to inquire into：(1) analyze in terms of the gradient, the ruling grade of traditional subway main track is 30 ‰, and difficult location can adopt
With 35 ‰；Teheran metro adopts 50 ‰ maximum line slope, and operation situation is good；Linear motor circuit designs general location
Ruling grade is 50 ‰, and difficult location can adopt 55 ‰, practical application value to 80 ‰.Compare becoming for international road abrupt slope of reaching the standard grade
Gesture, the gradient 105.10 ‰ is feasible in the gravity train rail design of upper example, because described in the gravity railway car 15
Adjustable floor 28 can make the balance adjustment of certain angle, and the amplitude of accommodation is little（It is referring to Fig. 3 and as detailed below）, take sensation i.e.
Can be good.(2) analyze in terms of speed, Beijing Metro airport line, Shanghai Underground ride on Bus No. 11 line and its branch line, Shenzhen Metro dragon
Maximum speeds 100km/h such as hilllock line, No. three lines of Guangzhou Underground and its northern extensions maximum speed are 120km/h, san francisco, usa ground
Ferrum speed reaches 128km/h, and realizes that driving maximum tonnage capacity must have higher road speed to ensure, described in upper example
Maximum speed 115km/h is more suitable during gravity train 1 is designed.(3) analyze from interval running time, the upper example gravity row
The interval driving 68.8s ＜ 85s in designing of car 1, are conducive to driving maximum tonnage capacity to be no less than 30 pairs and reach the expection of 40 pairs.
(4) analyze in terms of track depth, London Underground station depth capacity 59m, Paris about subway station depth capacity 63m, Mo Si
Section subway depth 90m, more than Dalian subway bosom 100m, Pyongyang subway depth reaches 120m, because Urban Land Price is surging and underground
Shallow-layer is fully utilized, and big depth subway is taken seriously.Depth capacity 52.2m in the gravity train rail design of upper example,
In the range of an acceptable.
As for the platform track 2, there is forward downward slight slope at outbound section but be still unlikely to the train for causing to stop
Unnecessary slip is produced, in this forward downward slight slope this example -3 ‰ or so can be set to；The gravity-actuated track
11 rotate down a low-angle, the gravity after locking office unblock by fulcrum of the balland socket joint spline structure 12
Start the distal end 16 of track 11 and dock 18 with the upper end 9 of the described steep long gug 3 being arranged on lower slightly position, the gravity-actuated
Track 11 can be set to -6 ‰ or so in inclined this example of the gradient of the second operating position forward downward.The middle transition passage
4 basic horizontals or only slight slope central authorities are lower slightly（Beneficial to draining）, can be set in this example：- 2 ‰~central authorities it is lower slightly~2 ‰.
Because the gug on theory and practice prompting edge-4 ‰ 1-5 ‰ acts on the running resistance of partical gravity ON TRAINS and train
Balance each other, outbound section of platform track 2, the gravity-actuated track 11 described in the above this example（In the second operating position）With it is described
The design reasonable of the gradient of middle transition passage 4.
2）The aspect of the gravity train 1
Referring to Fig. 3~Fig. 5, the effect of adjustable floor 28 in the gravity railway car 15 is when the gravity train
When compartment 15 is travelled on the described steep long gug 3 for having great slope and the steep track of long up gradient 5, it is described adjustablely
Plate 28 can make appropriate angular adjustment of face upward-bowing so as to still keep level substantially, or be adjusted to and can remain comfortable by bus
Light grade plane, make ride feeling still comfortable, steady.Fig. 3 is that the gravity railway car 15 is travelled described in this
The activity adjustment situation schematic side view of the adjustable floor leading portion 23 when the gradient is steep long gug 3 described in -105.10 ‰.Institute
The length for stating adjustable floor 28 is relevant with the length of the gravity railway car 15.There are three kinds of subway train cars in the world at present
Railway carriage or compartment：The long 22m of A types, the long 19m of Type B, the long 19m of c-type.As described in technical solution of the present invention, the length of the gravity railway car 15 with
Shorter one is similar or slightly short in all types in conventional train compartment, and long 15m or so is set in this instance, wherein the adjustable floor
28 length are set to 14m.ML represents horizontal line 20 in Fig. 3, and LG represents the steep long gug 3, and ST represents carriage chassis 21, and O is represented
The central transverse axis 22 of the adjustable floor 28, OJ is represented positioned at institute in the bit planes parallel with the carriage chassis 21
State adjustable floor leading portion 23 (a), the length of OJ is set to 7m, OK is represented when being adjusted to horizontal plane before the adjustable floor
23 (b) of section, OH are represented and are adjusted to adjustable floor leading portion 23 (c) when can maintain comfortable light grade plane by bus.Its
Described in can maintain comfortable light grade plane by bus, although imply that floor compartment be in this plane when it has certain slope,
But ride feeling is still comfortable.In fact the train that floor compartment is fixed in prior art not always travels the track in level
On, sometimes just on the such as track of 30 ‰ gradients of the traveling within specification, floor compartment is also in the plane of 30 ‰ gradients,
Ride feeling is simultaneously unaffected, still comfortably.Plane with 30 ‰ gradients just can be considered above-mentioned and remain comfortable little by bus
Gradient plane.With the trend on the abrupt slope of circuit, it has been found that, train driving on the track of 50 ‰ gradients, ride feeling
Still unaffected, still comfortably, such as Teheran metro Line 1 adopts 50 ‰ maximum line slope, through the operation of several years
Test, operation situation is good, and abnormal conditions do not occur, it was demonstrated that the selection of ruling grade 50 ‰ is feasible, and also prompting has
The plane of 50 ‰ gradients also can be considered above-mentioned and maintain comfortable light grade plane by bus.Locomotive engines traction in prior art
Power is gradually increased along with circuit abrupt slope, and the line slope limit of electric rotating machine train driving is 30 ‰ or so, linear electric machine
Up to 80 ‰, it is 50 ‰ that linear motor circuit designs general location ruling grade to train, and difficult location can adopt 55 ‰, and reality should
With value to 80 ‰, and the maximum gradeability of linear electric motors Theoretical Calculation is 100 ‰.This also points out from another point of view 50 ‰ gradients
Plane can be considered above-mentioned and maintain comfortable light grade plane by bus, or even the plane of 80 ‰ gradients to be also possible to as above-mentioned
Comfortable light grade plane by bus can be maintained.The mesh of the adjustable floor 28 is set in heretofore described gravity railway car 15
Be to remain by bus comfortable, so when the gravity railway car 15 is travelled on the gravity train rail, according to road conditions
The change of the gradient, the adjustable floor 28 can be conditioned control in horizontal plane（OK）, or control is conditioned described
Comfortable light grade plane by bus can be maintained（OH）.In this instance, the gradient of the steep long gug 3 shown in LG for-
105.10 ‰, from positioned at the bit planes parallel with the carriage chassis 21（OJ）The adjustable floor leading portion 23
(a)（Long 7m）If being adjusted to horizontal plane（OK）Shi Suoshu adjustable floors leading portion 23 (b) ends adjust support column 26 and stretch
Length KH for going out is about 70cm；If be adjusted to maintaining comfortable light grade plane by bus with 50 ‰ as described（OH）When institute
State adjustable floor leading portion 23 (c) end and adjust length JH stretched out of support column 27 and be about 37cm, if be adjusted to 80 ‰
Comfortable light grade plane by bus is maintained for described（OH）Shi Suoshu adjustable floors leading portion 23 (c) ends adjust support column 27
Length JH stretched out only is about 17cm.The transverse axis O of the activity of the adjustable floor 28（Fulcrum）22 in the adjustable floor 28
Middle part, transverse axis O（Fulcrum）Both sides are in a basic balance before and after 22, and it is faced upward such as seesaw sample-and force needed for angle of depression degree is reconciled is little；Such as
Above-mentioned analytical calculation, the required amplitude of accommodation is also very little, can under control of the control means realize sensitive and accurate regulation.It is described adjustable
The back segment of formula floor 28 situation now（Fig. 3 do not show, can be found in Fig. 4, Fig. 5）, the gravity railway car 15 travelled described
The adjustable floor 28 adjusts active situation during steep long up gradient 5（Fig. 3 do not show, can be found in Fig. 5）, can by that analogy,
Repeat no more.
For the gravity train 1, electromotor is no longer the main force source that train accelerates.The gravity train 1 is used
The balance movement resistance electromotor be used to balance running resistance unrelated with line slope during the gravity train 1 runs
(including train operation datum drag and other additional drags), the train running resistance of required balance ordinarily be about the weight of train
5/1000ths, accelerate thrust small than train.So the balance movement resistance electromotor that uses of the gravity train 1
Less, the related facility cost such as whole electric power system, load also can mitigate power.
Data above analyzes visible distance between sites for 1.2km, the gravity train system in the case of interval running time ＜ 85s
System is feasible.Further analysis prompting, also has various different parameters under the premise of with the identical such as above-mentioned distance between sites, running time
It is available；Also can preferably described gravity train 1 and described heavy on the premise of different from above-mentioned distance between sites, running time etc.
The many kinds of parameters united application of power train rail is in the gravity train system.
In sum, the technical scheme of the present embodiment is practicable, and has saved substantial amounts of energy consumption.
Embodiment two：
The present embodiment describes a kind of with gravity to accelerate and braking the operation method (ginseng of the train system in main force source
See Fig. 1-Fig. 6), comprise the following steps：
Gravity train 1 rolls platform track 2 away from by when the outbound end of next stop platform track 2, reaches steep long gug 3；
Under the gradient effect of the steep long gug 3, gravity 6 is produced to the gravity train 1 and added along traffic direction
Fast weight component 7, the gravity train 1 it is described acceleration weight component 7 in the presence of Accelerating running to middle transition passage 4,
Achieve the goal speed；
In the presence of the power that balance movement resistance electromotor is produced, the gravity train 1 is logical in the middle transition
Road 4 keeps the purpose speed to travel at the uniform speed to the steep long up gradient 5；
Under the gradient effect of the steep long up gradient 5, gravity 6 is produced to the gravity train 1 and subtracted along traffic direction
Fast weight component 8, the gravity train 1 runs slowly until stopping at the next stop in the presence of the deceleration weight component 8
Platform track 2 on.
Below describing the present invention in detail by taking the operation method of the train system that embodiment one is recorded as an example：
S1：The gravity train 1 rests in outbound section small to descending slope but the institute that is still unlikely to cause train to glide
State on platform track 2, the computer-automatic control system makees information analysiss data processing to front road conditions on car, described flat
Weighing apparatus running resistance engine ignition, train stop mechanism is removed, and the gravity train 1 starts；Or the gravity train 1 is stopped
On the platform track 2 with the gravity-actuated track 11, the front end of gravity train 1 terminates in the gravity-actuated rail
The middle part in road 11 or it is front at 1/3, the computer-automatic control system is made at information analysiss data to front road conditions on car
Reason, the balance movement resistance engine ignition, train stop mechanism is removed, while the locking office unlocks and the gravity
Immediately vertically downward one low-angle of rotation switches from first operating position with slightly gentle angular velocity to start track 11
To second operating position, omit the inclined front end 16 of the gravity-actuated track 11 of forward downward and be arranged on lower slightly position
The described steep docking of 3 upper end of long gug 9 18, the gravity train 1 is subject to the effect of forward downward partical gravity to start；
S2：The steep long gug 3 is driven towards with the gravity train 1 synchronous, the computer on car-automatically control is
The control device of system sends instruction in good time, adjusts the control adjustable floor 28 (b) and is positioned on the corresponding elevation angle 30, makes institute
Gravity train 1 is stated along the steep descending way of long gug 3, the adjustable floor 28 (b) continues to level or maintains
One can maintain within comfortable light grade plane by bus（It is less than the gradient of now track circuit）, the sensation taken still relaxes
It is suitable, steady；
S3：The gravity train 1 accelerates to glide in the case where acting on parallel to the component 7 of the steep long gug 3 along gravity 6；
Because the gradient of the steep long gug 3 of the present embodiment is larger so the component 7 of gravity 6 is relatively strong, in addition ramp is longer so gravity 6
Component 7 does work more；The gradient is big, and ramp is long, and the change of circuit elevation is big, it is possible to provide the gravitional force for being converted into kinetic energy
It is just high；Gravity 6 becomes the main force source that the gravity train 1 accelerates, and the balance movement resistance electromotor is only with little work(
Rate is used to balance train running resistance；While gravitional force is quickly converted into kinetic energy, obtains the gravity train 1 and run
Required acceleration, and reach target velocity in gravity train 1 described in described the steep lower end 24 of long gug 3；Simultaneously on car
Computer-the automatic control system makees information analysiss, data processing to front road conditions；
S4：The middle transition passage 4 is driven towards with the gravity train 1 synchronous, the computer on car-automatically control
The control device of system sends instruction in good time, adjust the control adjustable floor 28 be positioned at it is parallel with carriage chassis 21 in
On bit plane, make the gravity train 1 along the middle transition passage 4 it is flat sail way in, the adjustable floor 28 is continued to
Basic horizontal, what is taken is comfortable on, steadily；
S5：On the middle transition passage 4, because the balance movement resistance electromotor is with small-power balance train fortune
Row resistance, the gravity train 1 continues with above-mentioned target velocity constant-speed operation, and approaching simultaneously will be rushed under the steep long up gradient 5
End 25, at this moment computer-the automatic control system makees information analysiss, data processing to front road conditions on car；
S6：The steep long up gradient 5 is rushed to the gravity train 1 synchronous, the computer on car-automatically control is
The control device of system sends instruction in good time, adjusts the control adjustable floor 28 (c) and is positioned on the corresponding angle of depression 32, makes institute
Gravity train 1 is stated along the steep up way of long up gradient 5, the adjustable floor 28 (c) continues to level or maintains
One can maintain within comfortable light grade plane by bus（It is less than the gradient of track circuit）, the sensation taken is still comfortable, flat
Surely；
S7：In the case where gravity 6 is acted on parallel to the component 8 of the steep long up gradient 5, slow down the gravity train 1 up, root
According to rule mgh=1/2mv that law of conservation of energy, gravitional force-kinetic energy are mutually converted2, under steep length described in the present embodiment
Both are symmetrical for ramp 3 and described steep long up gradient 5, and one is gug, another for up gradient, both elevations are equal, length of grade is equal,
The absolute value of the gradient is equal（One is negative value, it is another be on the occasion of）, i.e., the described steep upper end 9 of long gug 3 and the steep long up gradient 5
Upper end 10 is identical in the height 34,35 of the reference plane more than 33 by the minimum point of middle transition passage 4, is excluding other
In the case that resistance is disturbed（Train running resistance is balanced by the balance movement resistance engine power of the gravity train 1）, such as
Really described gravity train 1 from the steep slope of long gug 3 top 9 along slope accelerate to slip down to bottom of slope 24 (equivalent to reference plane 33) its
The kinetic energy that the gravitional force relative to bottom of slope having on slope top possesses when being completely converted into and arriving at bottom of slope, in the gravity
Train 1 eats up part of speed and arrives at slope top 10 with this kinetic energy from steep bottom of slope 25 (equivalent to the reference plane 33) adverse grade of long up gradient 5
When its whole kinetic energy possessed in bottom of slope be just converted in the gravitional force relative to bottom of slope that has of slope top, gravity
Become the main force source of the gravity train 1 retarding braking along the steep up way of long up gradient 5, attach most importance in kinetic energy conversion
While power potential energy, obtain the gravity train 1 and brake required negative acceleration, and on Jie Jin the steep long up gradient 5
The speed of gravity train 1 reduces to extremely low when holding 10, while the computer-automatic control system is made to front road conditions on car
Information analysiss, data processing；
S8：The lower station platform track 2 is slowly driven into the gravity train 1 synchronous, the computer on car-automatic
The control device of control system sends instruction in good time, and the regulation control adjustable floor 28 is positioned at parallel with carriage chassis 21
Bit planes on, make the gravity train 1 along the platform track 2 it is flat sail be decelerated to stop way in, the adjustable floor 28
Basic horizontal is continued to, that what is taken is comfortable on, steadily；The balance movement resistance engine misses, the gravity train 1
Rest in outbound section have it is small to descending slope but be still unlikely to cause train to glide the platform track 2 on, or rest in
On the platform track 2 with the gravity-actuated track 11, its front end terminate in the middle part of the gravity-actuated track 11 or
Before at 1/3, prepare startup optimization next time.
Therefore, the operation method of gravity train 1 of the present embodiment is accelerated and retarding braking using gravity as train
Main force source, compared with prior art, greatly reduces energy consumption.
Embodiment of above is merely to illustrate the present invention, and not limitation of the present invention, about the common of technical field
Technical staff, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can also make a variety of changes and modification, therefore all
The technical scheme of equivalent falls within scope of the invention, and the scope of patent protection of the present invention should be defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. it is a kind of with gravity to accelerate and braking the train system in main force source, it is characterised in that to include：Gravity train and weight
Power train rail,
The gravity train includes：
Gravity railway car, there is one or some section, for running the gradient is big, on the circuit of ramp length；
Balance movement resistance electromotor, for producing running resistance unrelated with line slope in the gravity train operation is balanced
Power；
The gravity train rail includes：
Platform track, including outbound end and end of entering the station, for stopping for the gravity train, starting；
Steep long gug, upper end is connected with the outbound end when next stop platform track, for being formed for the gravity train by weight
Power is done positive work and is achieved the goal along the steep long gug Accelerating running gradient and length of speed；
Steep long up gradient, upper end is connected with the end of entering the station of next stop platform track, for being formed for the gravity train by weight
Power does negative work along the steep long up gradient retarding braking to the gradient and length for stopping at next stop platform track；
Middle transition passage, is connected between the lower end of the lower end of the steep long gug and the steep long up gradient, and level sets
Put or only have central lower slightly slight slope ± 2~3 ‰ beneficial to track drainage；
Wherein, the horizontal plane with the minimum point through the middle transition passage is as reference plane, the steep long gug it is upper
Both upper ends of end and the steep long up gradient are highly identical more than the reference plane；
The gravity railway car include the adjustable floor that is flexibly connected with the car body of car body and with the car
The safety seat with seat belt and control device that railway carriage or compartment body is fixed, the control device is according to the gravity train
Levelness is adjusted the adjustable floor to the levelness of setting；
The car body inwall is provided with snap device, for being located at the steep long gug or described steep in the gravity train
During long up gradient, buckle is carried out to the adjustable floor after regulation spacing；
By the horizontal stroke located at the middle part of the adjustable floor fore-and-aft direction between the adjustable floor and the car body
Axle connects, and the axial direction of the transverse axis is parallel with the chassis of car body and vertical with the traffic direction of gravity train, described adjustable
Formula floor can rotate around the transverse axis.
2. train system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the steep long gug and suddenly long up gradient respectively with institute
State in smoothing junction between platform track and middle transition passage.
3. train system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the platform track has near the part at the outbound end
There is the gradient of forward downward, the gravity train that the gradient of the forward downward is formed is less than in the weight component of traffic direction
The running resistance of the gravity train, for the gravity train by the balance movement resistance electromotor dynamic start；Or
Platform track described in person is gravity-actuated track near the part at the outbound end, for the gravity train thereon by gravity
Start.
4. train system as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the rear end of the gravity-actuated track is i.e. away from described steep
One end of long gug is rotatably connected by balland socket joint spline structure with platform track, and the gravity-actuated track front end is
Arrange towards one end liftable of the steep long gug；The operating position of the gravity-actuated track includes horizontally disposed the
One operating position, and inclined second operating position of forward downward；The gravity-actuated track at the first operating position its
Front end is located at the top of the steep long gug upper end, the gravity-actuated track at the second operating position its front end with it is described
Steep long gug upper end is smooth to dock.
5. train system as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the gravity-actuated track supported underneath has lifting to support
Structure, for by lifting to realize that the gravity-actuated track is rotated upwardly and downwardly around the balland socket joint spline structure, described the
Switch between one operating position and the second operating position.
6. train system as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the gravity-actuated track lower section is additionally provided with buffering and subtracts
Shake device.
7. train system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the gravity train rail is underground trajectory, overhead
The mixed track of trajectory, underground cable and overhead route, the mixed track or above-ground route of above-ground route and underground cable and overhead route it is mixed
Close track.
8. train system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the gravity train also includes sensor, for basis
The levelness of the gravity train generates corresponding levelness signal and sends to the control device.
9. train system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the gravity train rail also includes being arranged on gradient change
Change the change slope advertiser near position, for sending out to the control device of the gravity train that will enter slope change section
Send slope change signal.
10. the operation method of the train system any one of a kind of claim 1-9, it is characterised in that including following step
Suddenly：
Gravity train rolls platform track away from by when the outbound end of next stop platform track, reaches steep long gug；
Drive towards that the steep long gug is synchronous with the gravity train, control device adjusts control adjustable floor and is positioned at accordingly
The elevation angle on, make the gravity train along the descending way of the steep long gug, the adjustable floor continue to level or
Maintaining one can maintain within comfortable light grade plane by bus；
Under the gradient effect of the steep long gug, gravity produces the acceleration gravity point along traffic direction to the gravity train
Amount, the gravity train it is described acceleration weight component in the presence of Accelerating running to middle transition passage, achieve the goal speed；
Drive towards the middle transition Channel Synchronous with the gravity train, control device adjust control adjustable floor be positioned at
In the parallel bit planes of carriage chassis, the gravity train is put down along the middle transition passage and sail in way, it is described adjustable
Floor continues to basic horizontal；
In the presence of the power that balance movement resistance electromotor is produced, the gravity train keeps in the middle transition passage
The purpose speed travels at the uniform speed to the steep long up gradient；
Rush to that the steep long up gradient is synchronous with the gravity train, control device adjusts control adjustable floor and is positioned at accordingly
The angle of depression on, make the gravity train along the up way of the steep long up gradient, the adjustable floor continue to level or
Maintaining one can maintain within comfortable light grade plane by bus；
Under the gradient effect of the steep long up gradient, gravity produces the deceleration gravity point along traffic direction to the gravity train
Amount, the gravity train runs slowly until stopping at the platform track of the next stop in the presence of the deceleration weight component
On；
Synchronous with the platform track that the gravity train slowly drives into the next stop, control device adjusts control adjustable floor positioning
In the bit planes parallel with carriage chassis, make the gravity train along the platform track it is flat sail to be decelerated to stop in way, institute
State adjustable floor and continue to basic horizontal.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310066334.4A CN104015735B (en) | 2013-03-01 | 2013-03-01 | Train system taking gravity as main force application source for accelerating and braking as well as running method thereof |
| PCT/SE2014/000002 WO2014133432A1 (en) | 2013-03-01 | 2014-01-09 | Gravity-train system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310066334.4A CN104015735B (en) | 2013-03-01 | 2013-03-01 | Train system taking gravity as main force application source for accelerating and braking as well as running method thereof |
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| CN104015735A (en) | 2014-09-03 |
| WO2014133432A1 (en) | 2014-09-04 |
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