CN104008947B - A kind of based on Secondary-emission multipbcation from current stabilization micro-coiled carbon fibers - Google Patents
A kind of based on Secondary-emission multipbcation from current stabilization micro-coiled carbon fibers Download PDFInfo
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- CN104008947B CN104008947B CN201410257829.XA CN201410257829A CN104008947B CN 104008947 B CN104008947 B CN 104008947B CN 201410257829 A CN201410257829 A CN 201410257829A CN 104008947 B CN104008947 B CN 104008947B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of based on Secondary-emission multipbcation from current stabilization micro-coiled carbon fibers, it comprises concave cavity, offers groove bottom concave cavity, and top offers circular hole, and negative electrode stretches in circular hole; Offer the passage through with groove in concave cavity circular arc end face side, rectangle end face side offers rectangular opening; Grid cover plate top circular cover plate central place offers through hole, and is fastened on the staircase structural model of groove peripheral region; Bottom grid cover plate, hollow pipe internal face is provided with screw thread; Two sump case are welded on cavity two ends respectively, two sump case are all offered porose; First pipe flange is connected with negative electrode, and connects through the Kong Houyu concave cavity tight of sump case, and bottom second pipe flange and grid cover plate, hollow pipe welds together, and the 3rd pipe flange is welded on concave cavity circular arc end face; The tapered transmission line port of export is welded on concave cavity rectangle end face, and arrival end is welded with tapered transmission line flange.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of microwave electron gun, particularly about a kind of based on Secondary-emission multipbcation from current stabilization micro-coiled carbon fibers.
Background technology
Micro-coiled carbon fibers based on Secondary-emission multipbcation transmitting is the one of microwave electron gun, and it makes the free electron in chamber form resonance multiplication by setting up microwave electromagnetic field in electron gun cavity, thus produces the electron beam of Gao Liuqiang, short pulse.This microwave electron gun, because have from bunching characteristic, makes the rf period (reach ps magnitude) of micropulse length much smaller than microwave of output, therefore is called as micro-coiled carbon fibers.Relative to other microwave electron guns, this micro-coiled carbon fibers has does not need the external world to excite, pulse is short, stream is strong high, be not afraid of the advantages such as poisoning, makes it have broad application prospects in high-power microwave assembly, ultrafast electron beam diffraction, irradiation activation and the field such as injector as linear accelerator.
Micro-coiled carbon fibers is proposed in the PAC meeting of 1993 by FrederickM.Mako and WilliamPeter the earliest.1999 and calendar year 2001, they reported the experimental result of L, S and X-band respectively.The domestic research also expanded very soon micro-coiled carbon fibers subsequently.The dynamics calculation of micro-coiled carbon fibers, analog computation and preliminary experimental study did at 2000-2006 in Tsing-Hua University, in low-power and high power experiment, obtain 1mA/cm respectively
2and 100mA/cm
2grand pulse current density.The analog computation of micro-coiled carbon fibers and the research of specificity analysis and corresponding cathode material were done at 2003-2006 by Chinese University of Science and Technology.Meanwhile, theory analysis and the experimental design of micro-coiled carbon fibers was also done by China Engineering Physics Research Institute.But have passed through the research of 20 years, this micro-coiled carbon fibers based on Secondary-emission multipbcation is not still put into practical application, its reason is existing micro-coiled carbon fibers output current and instability, and the unsteadiness that micro-coiled carbon fibers runs greatly hinders the practical application of micro-coiled carbon fibers.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of can realize micro-coiled carbon fibers stable operation based on Secondary-emission multipbcation from current stabilization micro-coiled carbon fibers.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme: a kind of based on Secondary-emission multipbcation from current stabilization micro-coiled carbon fibers, it is characterized in that: it comprises a cavity, a negative electrode and an aperture plate; Described cavity one end connects described negative electrode, and described negative electrode stretches in described cavity; The described cavity other end connects described aperture plate; Described cavity comprises the main cavity be made up of concave cavity and grid cover plate, two sump case, three pipe flanges, a tapered transmission line and tapered transmission line flanges; All parts in described cavity all adopts 304 stainless steels to make; Described concave cavity one end face is circular arc, and other end is rectangle, and its bottom centre position place offers the groove of a circle, and the cross section of this groove is trapezium structure, and described groove peripheral region is provided with a circle staircase structural model; At described concave cavity top, longitudinally direction of principal axis offers a through circular hole, and described negative electrode stretches in the circular hole of described concave cavity; In the circular arc end face side of described concave cavity, transversely direction of principal axis offers a passage through with described groove, and in the rectangle end face side of described concave cavity, transversely direction of principal axis also offers a rectangular opening through with described groove; Described grid cover plate is T-shaped tubular structure, by top circular cover plate and bottom hollow pipe one-body molded; The through hole that arrange corresponding to circular hole on described concave cavity is offered at the central axis place of described grid cover plate top circular cover plate, and described grid cover plate top circular cover plate is fastened on the staircase structural model of described groove peripheral region, and adopt welding that described grid cover plate and described concave cavity are connected into described main cavity; Bottom described grid cover plate, hollow pipe internal face is provided with screw thread, described aperture plate is stretched in described grid cover plate by described through hole, and is threaded with hollow pipe bottom described grid cover plate; Sump case described in two is welded on described main cavity two ends respectively, and sump case described in one of them is welded on described concave cavity top, sump case described in another be welded on be connected with described grid cover plate described concave cavity bottom; Described in two, the axial centerline place of sump case all offers porose; First described pipe flange is connected with described negative electrode, the pipeline of first described pipe flange through described sump case Kong Houyu described in concave cavity top connect, and the pipeline of first described pipe flange is arranged with the circular hole on described groove is concentric, adopt welded seal in the junction, hole of first described pipe flange and described sump case; Bottom second described pipe flange and described grid cover plate, hollow pipe welds together, and the pipeline of second described pipe flange is arranged with the circular hole of the through hole of described grid cover plate, concave cavity is concentric; 3rd described pipe flange is welded on as Microwave Extraction end on described concave cavity circular arc end face, and the pipeline of the 3rd described pipe flange is arranged with the passage on described concave cavity circular arc end face is concentric; The described tapered transmission line port of export is welded on described concave cavity rectangle end face, and the passage of described tapered transmission line passes through described rectangular opening and described groove is through; Described tapered transmission line arrival end is welded with described tapered transmission line flange, by described tapered transmission line Flange joint microwave power source.
Described negative electrode comprises differential straight line inducting device, cathode rod and cathode sheets; The terminal pad of described differential straight line inducting device rear end welds with first described pipe flange, and described differential straight line inducting device front end is provided with the internal thread for being connected with described cathode rod one end; Described cathode rod other end end points is soldered connects described cathode sheets, and described cathode rod spot welding has the pipeline of first the described pipe flange in one end of described cathode sheets to stretch in the circular hole of described concave cavity.
Described cathode rod adopts red copper to be processed into, and described cathode sheets adopts copper magnadure to make.
The adjusting rod of described differential straight line inducting device is provided with the micrometer for regulating described cathode site.
Described aperture plate comprises aperture plate sheet and aperture plate base, and described aperture plate sheet is connected with described aperture plate base through spot welding, and described aperture plate base is provided with external screw thread, is threaded with hollow pipe bottom described grid cover plate.
Described aperture plate base adopts red copper to be processed into, and described aperture plate sheet adopts micropore lithographic method to be made by 304 stainless steel substrates, and the mesh aperture of described aperture plate sheet and Mesh distance adjust according to the Secondary-emission multipbcation characteristic of described negative electrode and aperture plate.
The thickness of described aperture plate sheet is 0.1mm, and diameter is 10mm, and is 8mm scope open interior at mid diameter, and mesh aperture is 0.2mm, and Mesh distance is 0.7mm.
The present invention is owing to taking above technical scheme, it has the following advantages: 1, the present invention is owing to having considered the Secondary-emission multipbcation characteristic of beam current distribution in chamber and cathode material, choose suitable energy district, make micro-coiled carbon fibers to realize stable operation by the negative-feedback regu-lation effect of beam loading.2, the present invention by regulating the size of beam loading to the adjustment of microwave power, thus can change the size of output current.Namely output current of the present invention to a certain extent can manual adjustments.3, the present invention is because electronic working is in comparatively Low Energy Region, and less demanding to microwave power, can realize CW at normal temperatures runs, thus it is strong to obtain higher average stream.4, cavity adopts concave cavity and grid cover plate to be welded by the present invention, adopt the cavity body structure of concave the electric field region in chamber and field region can be separated on the one hand, make the region residing for negative electrode and aperture plate be pure electric field region substantially, the motion of electronics is not substantially by the impact in magnetic field; Be to meet the requirement of electron energy to two die openings on the other hand, after microwave electromagnetic field frequencies range is fixing, the energy that electronics obtains is less than 1.5KeV, then require that the two poles of the earth spacing of electron gun is smaller; And concave cavity body structure can also make cavity side wider, be convenient to miscellaneous part is installed.5, concave cavity of the present invention and grid cover plate all adopt 304 stainless steels to make, its material choose the Q-unloaded and shunt impedance that determine cavity.And Q-unloaded and shunt impedance determine the microwave power required for the electric field strength setting up required microwave electromagnetic field in chamber.The microwave power of feed-in can not be excessive relative to beam loading, effectively could regulate the state in chamber.6, cathode sheets of the present invention adopts copper magnadure to make, aperture plate base adopts red copper to be processed into, aperture plate sheet adopts micropore lithographic method to be made by 304 stainless steel substrates, the material of cathode sheets and the material of aperture plate determine the shape of total Secondary-emission multipbcation curve, and by can to control the height of total Secondary-emission multipbcation curve to the adjustment of the transmissivity of aperture plate, therefore different negative electrodes and suitable aperture plate transmissivity corresponding to screen material are different.And the transmissivity of aperture plate can be regulated through row by the size of mesh and spacing.To sum up tell, cavity structure of the present invention is to make electron gun working point be in the frequency of 2856MHz and export lower than the electron energy of 1.5KeV.Like this by power, the isoparametric adjustment of cathode site, automatically can set up negative feedback mechanism in electron gun chamber, form stable output current.Adopt electron gun that technical scheme of the present invention makes in actual motion, compared with the prior art can obtain more stable more controlled output current.The present invention can extensively apply in microwave electron gun field.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the cutaway view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is package assembly schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is cavity body structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is concave cavity of the present invention and gate cap plate structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is cathode construction schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is wire-grid structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is experimentation schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is Secondary-emission multipbcation characteristic curve schematic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in FIG. 1 to 3, the present invention includes cavity 1, negative electrode 2 and an aperture plate 3.Cavity 1 one end connects negative electrode 2, and negative electrode 2 stretches in cavity 1; Cavity 1 other end connects aperture plate 3.Wherein, cavity 1 comprises the main cavity, two sump case, 6, three pipe flanges, 7, tapered transmission line 8 and the tapered transmission line flange 9 that are made up of concave cavity 4 and grid cover plate 5; Grid cover plate 5 is welded on below concave cavity 4 and forms main cavity.All parts in cavity 1 is all that employing 304 stainless steel is made.
As shown in Figure 4, Figure 5, concave cavity 4 adopts similar disc structure, and one end is circular arc, other end is rectangle, and its bottom centre position place offers the groove 41 of a circle, the cross section of this groove 41 is trapezium structure, and groove 41 peripheral region is provided with a circle staircase structural model 42.At concave cavity 4 top, longitudinally direction of principal axis offers a through circular hole 43, and negative electrode 2 stretches in the circular hole 43 of concave cavity 4.In the circular arc end face side of concave cavity 4, transversely direction of principal axis offers a passage 44 through with groove 41, and in the rectangle end face side of concave cavity 4, transversely direction of principal axis also offers a rectangular opening 45 through with groove 41.Wherein, the present invention's preferred circular hole 43 diameter is 8mm.
Grid cover plate 5 is T-shaped tubular structure, by top circular cover plate 51 and bottom hollow pipe 52 one-body molded.The through hole 53 that arrange corresponding to circular hole 43 on concave cavity 4 is offered at the central axis place of grid cover plate 5 top circular cover plate 51, and grid cover plate 5 top circular cover plate 51 is fastened on the staircase structural model 42 of groove 41 peripheral region, and adopt welding that grid cover plate 5 and concave cavity 4 are connected into main cavity.Bottom grid cover plate 5, hollow pipe 52 internal face is provided with screw thread, aperture plate 3 is stretched in grid cover plate 5 by through hole 53, and is threaded with hollow pipe 52 bottom grid cover plate 5.Wherein, the diameter of the preferred through hole 53 of the present invention is 10mm, and between top circular cover plate 51 and groove 41, longitudinal minimum clearance is 2mm.In order to improve main cavity inner surface fineness, after concave cavity 4 and grid cover plate 5 machine-shaping, carry out electropolishing process.
Two sump case 6 are welded on main cavity two ends respectively, and namely one of them sump case 6 is welded on concave cavity 4 top, another sump case 6 be welded on be connected with grid cover plate 5 concave cavity 4 bottom.All offer porose at the axial centerline place of two sump case 6, the bore dia be positioned on the sump case 6 at concave cavity 4 top is arranged in mating with first pipe flange 7 diameter, the bore dia be positioned on another sump case 6 bottom concave cavity 4 is arranged in mating with hollow pipe 52 diameter bottom grid cover plate 5, bottom grid cover plate 5, hollow pipe 52 is through the hole on another sump case 6, and adopts welded seal in the junction with hole.
First pipe flange 7 is connected with negative electrode 2, the pipeline of first pipe flange 7 connects through Kong Houyu concave cavity 4 top of sump case 6, and the pipeline of first pipe flange 7 is arranged with the circular hole 43 on groove 41 is concentric, adopt welded seal at first pipe flange 7 and the junction, hole of sump case 6.Second pipe flange 7 is as output, and bottom itself and grid cover plate 5, hollow pipe 52 welds together, and the pipeline of second pipe flange 7 is arranged with the circular hole 43 of the through hole 53 of grid cover plate 5, concave cavity 4 is concentric.3rd pipe flange 7 is welded on as Microwave Extraction end on concave cavity 4 circular arc end face, and the pipeline of the 3rd pipe flange 7 is arranged with the passage 44 on concave cavity 4 circular arc end face is concentric.Wherein, the present invention preferably first flange d model is CF35 series, and second and the 3rd flange d model are all that CF25 is serial.
Tapered transmission line 8 is as microwave feed side, and tapered transmission line 8 port of export is welded on concave cavity 4 rectangle end face, and the passage of tapered transmission line 8 is through with groove 41 by the rectangular opening 45 on concave cavity 4 rectangle end face.Tapered transmission line 8 arrival end is welded with tapered transmission line flange 9, connects microwave power source by tapered transmission line flange 9.
In above-described embodiment, as shown in Figure 6, negative electrode 2 comprises differential straight line inducting device 21, cathode rod 22 and cathode sheets 23.The terminal pad of differential straight line inducting device 21 welds with first pipe flange 7, and differential straight line inducting device 21 front end is provided with internal thread, for being connected with cathode rod 22 threaded one end.Cathode rod 22 other end end points is soldered connects cathode sheets 23, and the pipeline that cathode rod 22 is welded with first pipe flange 7 in one end of cathode sheets 23 stretches in the circular hole 43 of concave cavity 4.Wherein, the adjusting rod of differential straight line inducting device 21 is provided with micrometer, can fine adjustment negative electrode 2 position, degree of regulation reaches 0.01mm.Cathode rod 22 adopts red copper to be processed into, and cathode sheets 23 adopts copper magnadure to make, and copper magnadure is a kind of Secondary-emission multipbcation material.
In the various embodiments described above, as shown in Figure 7, aperture plate 3 comprises aperture plate sheet 31 and aperture plate base 32, and aperture plate sheet 31 is connected with aperture plate base 32 through spot welding, and aperture plate base 32 is provided with external screw thread, to be threaded with hollow pipe 52 bottom grid cover plate 5.
In above-described embodiment, aperture plate base 32 adopts red copper to be processed into, aperture plate sheet 31 adopts micropore lithographic method to be made by 304 stainless steel substrates, and the mesh aperture of aperture plate sheet 31 and Mesh distance can adjust according to the Secondary-emission multipbcation characteristics design of negative electrode 2 and aperture plate 3.The thickness of the preferred aperture plate sheet 31 of the present invention is 0.1mm, and diameter is 10mm, and is 8mm scope open interior at mid diameter, and mesh aperture is 0.2mm, and Mesh distance is 0.7mm.
Embodiment: as shown in Figure 8, in the present embodiment, to be arranged on existing experiment porch from current stabilization micro-coiled carbon fibers based on Secondary-emission multipbcation, tapered transmission line 8 is through the T-shaped waveguide of tapered transmission line flange 9 connecting tee, this T-shaped waveguide end connects microwave power source, one end connects main cavity, and one end connects vacuum pump; On existing experiment porch, signal source is connected power amplifier input respectively with pulse modulator, and power amplifier output is connected tapered transmission line flange 9 through directional coupler, waveguide coaxial converter, ceramic window with T-shaped waveguide successively; The series arm that two outputs of directional coupler are formed via coupler and attenuator is respectively connected to peak power meter.Wherein, the coupler in each series arm is also connected to oscilloscope through a wave detector respectively.In electron gun, second pipe flange 7 connects Faraday cup, and the electron-stream transmission that gathers to oscilloscope, and is connected with ground connection load by Faraday cup between oscilloscope and Faraday cup.In electron gun, the 3rd pipe flange 7 connects oscilloscope by attenuator, wave detector successively, realizes the extraction of microwave.On electron gun, can also connected vector network analyzer by the 3rd pipe flange 7.
The power amplifier that this experiment adopts is 1kW solid state microwave power source, and its operating frequency is 2856MHz, and maximum pulse is 15us, and most high repetition frequency is 400Hz.Compared with the prior art, the maximum available pulse power of this experiment only has 1kW, much smaller than the microwave power (>50kW) needed for prior art, therefore of the present inventionly coaxial cable can be adopted based on Secondary-emission multipbcation to carry out power delivery from current stabilization micro-coiled carbon fibers.The vacuum pump adopted in this experiment comprises a molecular pump (with gadget pump) and 3 grades of ionic pumps, and pumping speed is 70L/s.Need test in strict accordance with following operating procedure on this experiment porch from current stabilization micro-coiled carbon fibers based on Secondary-emission multipbcation of the present invention:
1) by the present invention is based on Secondary-emission multipbcation after current stabilization micro-coiled carbon fibers and experiment porch are assembled, by vacuum pump, vacuum seal, leak detection are carried out to whole experiment porch, guarantee that experiment porch leak rate is less than 10
-9mbar*L/s.
2) open molecular pump, start to vacuumize to whole experiment porch (comprising electron gun).After half an hour, open ionization vacuum gauge, the vacuum degree of monitoring experiment device.
3) when vacuum degree is lower than 10
-2during Pa, open ionic pump.
4) when vacuum degree lower than based on Secondary-emission multipbcation from current stabilization micro-coiled carbon fibers 10
-5during Pa, the mains switch of start signal source and microwave power source carries out preheating.Check that whether the line between each parts is correct, whether each connector is tightened.
5) calibrate cable, by the resonance frequency of vector network analyzer measurement electron gun, regulate negative electrode 2 position by differential straight line inducting device 21, make the resonance frequency of electron gun (± 2MHz) near 2856MHz.Measure the coupling coefficient of the coupled end be made up of tapered transmission line 8 and tapered transmission line flange 9 and the extraction end be made up of the 3rd flange d.
6) signalization source original frequency is 2856MHz, and amplitude is 10dbm, and the repetition rate of pulse modulator is 100Hz, presses microwave power source high pressure button, starts feed-in microwave power in the concave cavity 4 of electron gun by tapered transmission line 8.
7) monitor the signal of progressive wave and reflected wave with peak power meter, the frequency of fine setting differential straight line inducting device 21 and signal source, under the prerequisite that progressive wave changed power is little, makes the power of reflected wave reduce as much as possible.
8) power of microwave power source is progressively increased, the reflection wave signal on Real-Time Monitoring oscilloscope on the signal of line and peak power meter.When microwave power increases to certain value, reflection wave signal there will be shake by a relatively large margin, and occurs a lot " burr " on crest, illustrates in concave cavity 4 and has occurred Secondary-emission multipbcation phenomenon.Meanwhile, oscilloscope there is the signal of line.
9) carefully regulate the power of microwave power source and the frequency of signal source again, make the signal of line strengthen and relatively stable.Record relevant experimental data.
10), at the end of experiment, first microwave power source should be closed, then shutdown signal source, finally close vacuum pump.
11) experiment is completed.
In sum, the present invention take secondary electron emission material as negative electrode 2, and aperture plate 3 is anode.Under the effect of microwave electromagnetic field, the free electron in concave cavity 4 often through half rf period just by a polar motion to another pole, namely move to negative electrode 2 from aperture plate 3 or move to aperture plate 3 from negative electrode 2.At negative electrode 2 place, realize Secondary-emission multipbcation; At aperture plate 3 place, a part of electronics transmits cavity 1 by aperture plate sheet 31 and forms output line, and remaining electronics continues to stay cavity 1 li multiplication.If the Secondary-emission multipbcation coefficient of negative electrode 1 is δ
1, the Secondary-emission multipbcation coefficient of aperture plate 3 is δ
2, the transmissivity of aperture plate 3 is T, then in a rf period atrium body 1, total electron multiplication value is: δ=δ
1δ
2(1-T).As shown in Figure 9, according to the Secondary-emission multipbcation characteristic of general material, when incident electron energy reaches certain value E
peaktime (being generally less than 1.5KeV), corresponding Secondary-emission multipbcation coefficient δ
maxmaximum.When incident electron energy is less than E
peaktime, δ increases with the energy increase of incident electron; When incident electron energy is greater than E
peaktime, δ reduces with the energy increase of incident electron.As δ >1, the electron number in chamber just can constantly double.
Existing micro-coiled carbon fibers is all selected in comparatively high energy region operation interval in order to the electronics obtaining higher-energy exports, and sets up very strong electromagnetic field in chamber, and input microwave power is greater than 50KW, makes incident electron energy much larger than E
peak.When microwave power one timing of feed-in, if the electron multiplication value δ >1 of cavity total, along with the multiplication of intraluminal electronic number, the power that beam loading absorbs will increase sharply, thus cause the power reduction of chamber wall loss, and chamber pressure and field intensity reduce, the energy of incident electron diminishes, the electron multiplication value δ of cavity total will increase further, form positive feedback mechanism in chamber, and chamber is pressed and field intensity will constantly reduce until the condition and range skidding off electronic resonance multiplication causes line to collapse; If the electron multiplication value δ <1 of cavity total, cannot form effective electron multiplication.Therefore, the stable operation that realize micro-coiled carbon fibers must be avoided in chamber, forming positive feedback mechanism and needing to form negative feedback mechanism in chamber.Total be exactly the characteristic rising area of Secondary-emission multipbcation that the operation interval of micro-coiled carbon fibers is selected in by the present invention, namely the electron multiplication value δ of cavity total increase with incident electron energy and the interval range that increases (this scope is different with screen material and different with negative electrode, the electron energy of its correspondence is generally less than 1.5KeV), in electron gun chamber, form the negative feedback mechanism between chamber pressure and electronic beam current, realize the stable operation of micro-coiled carbon fibers.
Within the scope of this energy district, when microwave power one timing of feed-in, if the electron multiplication value δ >1 of cavity total, along with the multiplication of intraluminal electronic number, the power that load absorbs will increase sharply, thus cause the power reduction of chamber wall loss, chamber pressure and field intensity reduce, the energy of incident electron diminishes, and the electron multiplication value δ of cavity total also will reduce, and the multiplication of intraluminal electronic number weakens; If the electron multiplication value δ <1 of cavity total, along with the minimizing of intraluminal electronic number, the power that load absorbs also will reduce, thus cause the power of chamber wall loss to increase, chamber pressure and field intensity raise, the energy quantitative change of incident electron is large, and the electron multiplication value δ of cavity total also will become greatly, and the multiplication of intraluminal electronic number strengthens.To form negative feedback mechanism in electron gun chamber, until electron multiplication value δ=1 of cavity total, in chamber, the electron number of multiplication and the electron number of transmission reach balance, beam loading no longer increases, chamber pressure and field intensity reach stable, and output current also reaches stable, and electron gun realizes stable operation.
Above-described embodiment is only for illustration of the present invention; wherein the shape of cavity and structure, the mesh size of aperture plate and the selection etc. of Mesh distance and negative electrode multiplied material all can change to some extent; every equivalents of carrying out in apparatus of the present invention and improvement or the micro-coiled carbon fibers design carried out on the basis of technical solution of the present invention, all should not get rid of outside protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. based on Secondary-emission multipbcation from a current stabilization micro-coiled carbon fibers, it is characterized in that: it comprises a cavity, a negative electrode and an aperture plate; Described cavity one end connects described negative electrode, and described negative electrode stretches in described cavity; The described cavity other end connects described aperture plate; Described cavity comprises the main cavity be made up of concave cavity and grid cover plate, two sump case, three pipe flanges, a tapered transmission line and tapered transmission line flanges; All parts in described cavity all adopts 304 stainless steels to make;
Described concave cavity one end face is circular arc, and other end is rectangle, and its bottom centre position place offers the groove of a circle, and the cross section of this groove is trapezium structure, and described groove peripheral region is provided with a circle staircase structural model; At described concave cavity top, longitudinally direction of principal axis offers a through circular hole, and described negative electrode stretches in the circular hole of described concave cavity; In the circular arc end face side of described concave cavity, transversely direction of principal axis offers a passage through with described groove, and in the rectangle end face side of described concave cavity, transversely direction of principal axis also offers a rectangular opening through with described groove;
Described grid cover plate is T-shaped tubular structure, by top circular cover plate and bottom hollow pipe one-body molded; The through hole that arrange corresponding to circular hole on described concave cavity is offered at the central axis place of described grid cover plate top circular cover plate, and described grid cover plate top circular cover plate is fastened on the staircase structural model of described groove peripheral region, and adopt welding that described grid cover plate and described concave cavity are connected into described main cavity; Bottom described grid cover plate, hollow pipe internal face is provided with screw thread, described aperture plate is stretched in described grid cover plate by described through hole, and is threaded with hollow pipe bottom described grid cover plate;
Sump case described in two is welded on described main cavity two ends respectively, and sump case described in one of them is welded on described concave cavity top, sump case described in another be welded on be connected with described grid cover plate described concave cavity bottom; Described in two, the axial centerline place of sump case all offers porose;
First described pipe flange is connected with described negative electrode, the pipeline of first described pipe flange through described sump case Kong Houyu described in concave cavity top connect, and the pipeline of first described pipe flange is arranged with the circular hole on described groove is concentric, adopt welded seal in the junction, hole of first described pipe flange and described sump case; Bottom second described pipe flange and described grid cover plate, hollow pipe welds together, and the pipeline of second described pipe flange is arranged with the circular hole of the through hole of described grid cover plate, concave cavity is concentric; 3rd described pipe flange is welded on as Microwave Extraction end on described concave cavity circular arc end face, and the pipeline of the 3rd described pipe flange is arranged with the passage on described concave cavity circular arc end face is concentric;
The described tapered transmission line port of export is welded on described concave cavity rectangle end face, and the passage of described tapered transmission line passes through described rectangular opening and described groove is through; Described tapered transmission line arrival end is welded with described tapered transmission line flange, by described tapered transmission line Flange joint microwave power source.
2. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of based on Secondary-emission multipbcation from current stabilization micro-coiled carbon fibers, it is characterized in that: described negative electrode comprises differential straight line inducting device, cathode rod and cathode sheets; The terminal pad of described differential straight line inducting device rear end welds with first described pipe flange, and described differential straight line inducting device front end is provided with the internal thread for being connected with described cathode rod one end; Described cathode rod other end end points is soldered connects described cathode sheets, and described cathode rod spot welding has the pipeline of first the described pipe flange in one end of described cathode sheets to stretch in the circular hole of described concave cavity.
3. as claimed in claim 2 a kind of based on Secondary-emission multipbcation from current stabilization micro-coiled carbon fibers, it is characterized in that: described cathode rod adopts red copper to be processed into, described cathode sheets adopts copper magnadure to make.
4. as claimed in claim 2 a kind of based on Secondary-emission multipbcation from current stabilization micro-coiled carbon fibers, it is characterized in that: the adjusting rod of described differential straight line inducting device is provided with the micrometer for regulating described cathode site.
5. as claimed in claim 3 a kind of based on Secondary-emission multipbcation from current stabilization micro-coiled carbon fibers, it is characterized in that: the adjusting rod of described differential straight line inducting device is provided with the micrometer for regulating described cathode site.
6. as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a kind of based on Secondary-emission multipbcation from current stabilization micro-coiled carbon fibers, it is characterized in that: described aperture plate comprises aperture plate sheet and aperture plate base, described aperture plate sheet is connected with described aperture plate base through spot welding, described aperture plate base is provided with external screw thread, is threaded with hollow pipe bottom described grid cover plate.
7. as claimed in claim 6 a kind of based on Secondary-emission multipbcation from current stabilization micro-coiled carbon fibers, it is characterized in that: described aperture plate base adopts red copper to be processed into, described aperture plate sheet adopts micropore lithographic method to be made by 304 stainless steel substrates, and the mesh aperture of described aperture plate sheet and Mesh distance adjust according to the Secondary-emission multipbcation characteristic of described negative electrode and aperture plate.
8. as claimed in claim 6 a kind of based on Secondary-emission multipbcation from current stabilization micro-coiled carbon fibers, it is characterized in that: the thickness of described aperture plate sheet is 0.1mm, and diameter is 10mm, and be 8mm scope open interior at mid diameter, mesh aperture is 0.2mm, and Mesh distance is 0.7mm.
9. as claimed in claim 7 a kind of based on Secondary-emission multipbcation from current stabilization micro-coiled carbon fibers, it is characterized in that: the thickness of described aperture plate sheet is 0.1mm, and diameter is 10mm, and be 8mm scope open interior at mid diameter, mesh aperture is 0.2mm, and Mesh distance is 0.7mm.
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| CN201410257829.XA CN104008947B (en) | 2014-06-11 | 2014-06-11 | A kind of based on Secondary-emission multipbcation from current stabilization micro-coiled carbon fibers |
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| CN104008947B true CN104008947B (en) | 2016-01-13 |
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